A kind of umbrella frame type ground gripping anchor for improving single pile bearing capacity in soft soil and implementation method

Abstract

The application relates to a kind of umbrella frame type ground gripping anchors for improving single pile bearing capacity in soft soil and implementation methods, a pile gripper is installed on the main pile, a hydraulic mechanism is installed at the center position of the inner cavity of the main pile, and the hydraulic mechanism is fixed with the shell of the pile gripper through a limiting column. A plurality of fixed blocks are installed on the pile gripper, the plurality of fixed blocks are evenly distributed around the main pile, a plurality of link blocks are installed at the end of the transmission shaft of the hydraulic mechanism. One end of each support arm is hinged to the fixed block through a rotating shaft, one end of the support rod is hinged to the link block through a rotating shaft, and the other end of the support rod is hinged to the middle part of the support arm through a rotating shaft. Anchor claws are installed at the end position of the other end of the outwardly extending support arm. The hydraulic mechanism is started, the support rod pushes the support arm to open, and drives the anchor claws to move away from the main pile. The application solves the problems of insufficient bearing capacity of traditional single pile, complex construction and difficult recycling, and is suitable for offshore wind power large-diameter pile foundation engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an umbrella-like frame-type ground anchor and its implementation method for improving the bearing capacity of monopile foundations in soft soil. It belongs to the field of bearing capacity improvement technology for offshore wind turbine monopile foundations, and in particular, to a method for improving the bearing capacity of monopile foundations near the seabed surface by designing composite foundations. Background Technology

[0002] In offshore wind power and cross-sea bridge projects, the surface soil of the seabed often exhibits weak characteristics of high compressibility and low strength. After traditional monopile driving, the insufficient bearing capacity of the surface soil can easily lead to lateral displacement, uneven settlement, or even overall instability of the pile foundation, seriously affecting the structural safety of the project. Existing reinforcement methods for improving the bearing capacity of monopile in soft soil, such as diameter-enlarged piles, pile-side grouting, or the addition of lateral support structures, all have significant drawbacks. They involve complex construction processes, poor adaptability to the complex offshore construction environment, high project costs, and low cost-effectiveness in large-diameter pile foundation projects. They also struggle to balance the core contradiction between pile driving resistance and bearing capacity improvement, limiting the reinforcement effect. Furthermore, the complex offshore construction environment places higher demands on the recyclability and multi-directional load adaptability of the pile foundation, which current technologies clearly cannot meet.

[0003] Application CN112663668A discloses a disc-type composite monopile wind turbine foundation and its construction method suitable for soft soil seabeds. The foundation includes a central large-diameter monopile and compaction sand piles arranged around it. The compaction sand piles around the central large-diameter monopile form a seabed surface sand pile reinforcement zone. A reinforced concrete disc plate is installed on this seabed surface sand pile reinforcement zone. The central large-diameter monopile is connected to the reinforced concrete disc plate via underwater high-strength grouting. The construction method includes: 1) driving the central large-diameter monopile into the seabed to a specified depth; 2) using a sand pile vessel to drive the compaction sand piles, with the driving sequence proceeding from the inside out around the pile; 3) using a floating crane to install the reinforced concrete disc plate in the seabed surface sand pile reinforcement zone; 4) connecting the annular space between the reinforced concrete disc plate and the central large-diameter monopile via underwater high-strength grouting; and 5) using a floating crane to install the cage or other auxiliary components. While this design simplifies the construction process and improves the resistance to horizontal and flexural deformation to some extent, it also presents problems such as poor structural force transmission and high material consumption due to the characteristics of soft soil seabeds, and cannot guarantee the stability of the construction process.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for a pile foundation system that can efficiently reinforce soft soil surfaces through a collaborative pile driving and intelligent anchor claw deployment mechanism, thereby improving the overall performance of the pile foundation and meeting the requirements of green and efficient offshore engineering construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a type of umbrella-shaped ground anchor and its implementation method to improve the bearing capacity of single piles in soft soil, solving the problems of insufficient bearing capacity, complex construction, and difficulty in recycling traditional single piles, and is suitable for large-diameter pile foundation projects in offshore wind power.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: A type of umbrella-shaped gripping anchor for improving the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil includes a main pile, a pile gripper installed on the main pile, the housing of the pile gripper being sleeved on the main pile, a hydraulic mechanism installed at the center of the inner cavity of the main pile, the hydraulic mechanism being fixed to the housing of the pile gripper by a limiting post, and the movement direction of the transmission shaft of the hydraulic mechanism extending and retracting along the central axis of the main pile. Several fixing blocks are installed on the pile gripper, and the fixing blocks are evenly distributed around the main pile. Several connecting blocks are installed around the end of the transmission shaft of the hydraulic mechanism, and the number of connecting blocks matches the number of fixing blocks. It also includes several support arms and several support rods. One end of each support arm is hinged to a fixed block via a rotating shaft, and one end of each support rod is hinged to a connecting block via a rotating shaft. The other end of each support rod is hinged to the middle part of the support arm via a rotating shaft. An anchor claw is installed at the other end of the support arm that extends outward. The support arm and the anchor claw together form an umbrella-like frame structure, and the number of support arms and anchor claws is even. An infrared rangefinder is installed on the outer casing of the pile driver near the support arm. In the initial stage of pile driving, the umbrella-like frame-type ground anchor is attached to the surface of the main pile, and the length of the support arm is defined as follows: The length of the anchor claw is The driving depth of the main pile is When the infrared rangefinder detects When the hydraulic mechanism is activated, the support rod pushes the support arm to open, causing the anchor claw to leave the main pile; and the anchor claw does not contact the soil before opening to the preset angle; Furthermore, the hydraulic mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder, a piston, a drive shaft, a cylinder head, vibration damping rubber, hydraulic lines, and an infrared signal feedback system. The hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the main pile and is fixed to the pile gripper housing by a limiting post. The piston is slidably connected inside the hydraulic cylinder, dividing the cylinder cavity into an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. One end of the drive shaft is vertically fixed at the center of the piston, and the other end extends out from the opening end of the hydraulic cylinder. The opening end of the hydraulic cylinder is covered with a cylinder head, and the part of the drive shaft that contacts the cylinder head is fitted with vibration damping rubber. An infrared signal feedback system is installed on the hydraulic cylinder, which is connected to the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder respectively through hydraulic lines. Furthermore, symmetrical main pile limiting holes are opened along the circumference of the main pile surface, symmetrical hydraulic cylinder limiting holes are opened on the circumference of the hydraulic cylinder, and symmetrical pile gripper limiting holes are opened on the inner circumference of the pile gripper housing. The limiting post passes through the hydraulic cylinder limiting hole, the main pile limiting hole, and the pile gripper limiting hole in sequence. The end of the limiting post passing through the pile gripper limiting hole is locked with a high-strength bolt, and the end of the limiting post embedded in the hydraulic cylinder is locked with a valve to fix the hydraulic mechanism, the main pile, and the pile gripper. Furthermore, a limit bolt is installed at the end of the outward extension of the support arm, and an opening angle sensing sensor is set inside the fixing block. The opening angle sensing sensor is connected to the limit bolt through a circuit. Furthermore, the direction of the extension of the claw of the anchor is the direction of its force application, and the diameter gradually decreases from the top of the anchor claw to the direction of pile driving, forming a streamlined shape similar to a blade with a thicker top and a thinner bottom. Furthermore, the support arm is an arched force-transmitting frame; Furthermore, six support arms and six anchor claws are provided. The method for implementing the umbrella-like skeleton-type ground anchor for improving the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil includes the following steps: Step S1: The pile gripper is fitted onto the main pile. The limiting post passes through the hydraulic cylinder limiting hole, the main pile limiting hole, and the pile gripper limiting hole in sequence. The end of the limiting post that passes through the pile gripper limiting hole is locked with a high-strength bolt. The end of the limiting post that is embedded in the hydraulic cylinder is locked with a valve to fix the hydraulic mechanism, the main pile, and the pile gripper. Step S2: Start sinking the main pile. At this time, the support arm and anchor claw form an umbrella-like frame structure that fits the main pile and sinks together with the main pile. Step S3: When the umbrella-like frame structure approaches the soil, the infrared rangefinder is activated to sense the distance between the arm and the soil. Step S4: The main pile is driven down. When the pile sinks to a length not less than the sum of the lengths of the anchor claw and the support arm, the infrared rangefinder senses the distance from the soil and transmits an electrical signal to the infrared signal feedback system. The infrared signal feedback system uses the electrical signal to automatically control the hydraulic cylinder to open the umbrella-like frame structure. During the opening, the infrared rangefinder transmits an electrical signal in real time and works in conjunction with the opening angle sensing sensor to control the working frequency of the hydraulic cylinder and the external pile driver. This ensures that the vertical lifting speed of the anchor claw is greater than the sinking speed of the main pile during the pile driving process, ensuring that the umbrella-like frame structure does not contact the soil before opening to the predetermined angle. Step S5: After the umbrella-like frame structure is fully opened, the limiting bolt at the end of the support arm pops out to lock the opening angle and ensure that the angle does not change during the subsequent sinking process. In step S6, after the umbrella-like frame structure is locked, the anchor claws continue to follow the main pile into the soil to the predetermined depth. At this time, all six anchor claws are deeply embedded in the soil, which can strengthen the soil near the seabed surface and improve the bearing capacity of the pile foundation near the soft soil seabed surface.

[0007] By employing the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared to the prior art: 1. The umbrella-shaped anchor provided by the present invention enhances the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil. The umbrella-shaped anchor claw sinks into the soil together with the main pile to form a whole and work together to bear the force, which is equivalent to reinforcing the soil near the seabed surface and enhancing the bearing capacity of the pile foundation near the seabed surface in soft soil. 2. The umbrella-like frame-type ground anchor provided by the present invention enhances the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil. The anchor claws can be opened and closed, and the pile extraction and recovery are smooth. When the anchor claws are opened and distributed, they can withstand loads in all directions and adapt to complex seawater conditions. 3. The umbrella-like skeleton-type ground anchor provided by the present invention improves the bearing capacity of single piles in soft soil. The anchor claws are streamlined claws that are thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom, resulting in low penetration resistance. The support arm is an arched force transmission skeleton, which has high efficiency in shear force and bending moment transmission. 4. The method for implementing the umbrella-like skeleton-type ground anchor for improving the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil provided by the present invention allows for controllable increase in pile driving force in the early stage of pile driving. Through a dual intelligent system of infrared ranging and angle sensing, the timing and angle of the anchor claw opening are automatically controlled to improve construction accuracy. At the same time, the limit bolt automatically locks the opening angle, and the whole perimeter of the soil is subjected to coordinated force, resulting in structural stability. Attached Figure Description

[0008] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0009] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the umbrella-like skeleton-type ground anchor provided by the present invention for improving the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil from its initial state to its fully opened state; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control system in the umbrella-like skeleton-type gripping anchor that enhances the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil, provided by the present invention. Figure 3 This is a simplified top view of the umbrella-like frame-type ground anchor for improving the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil, provided by the present invention, when fully opened. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pile driving process of the umbrella-like skeleton-type ground anchor provided by the present invention to enhance the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pile gripper and hydraulic mechanism in the umbrella-like frame-type ground anchor that enhances the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil, provided by the present invention. Figure 6 This is a partial structural diagram of the umbrella-like frame-type gripping anchor hydraulic mechanism for improving the bearing capacity of single piles in soft soil provided by the present invention. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting bolt in the extended locking claw state of the umbrella-like skeleton-type ground anchor that enhances the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil, provided by the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the support arms when a single anchor claw is closed and opened in an umbrella-like skeleton-type gripping anchor provided by the present invention to enhance the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil.

[0010] In the diagram: 1 is the main pile, 2 is the anchor claw, 3 is the pile gripper, 4 is the hydraulic cylinder, 5, 12, 13, 14, and 15 are all rotating shafts, 6 is the connecting block, 7 is the support arm, 8 is the support rod, 9 is the infrared rangefinder, 10 is the valve, 11 is the wire, 16 is the fixing block, 17 is the telescopic block, 18 and 31 are the circuit, 19 is the limiting post, 20 is the high-strength bolt, 21 is the upper cylinder, 22 is the piston, 23 is the cylinder head, 24 is the vibration damping rubber, 25 and 26 are the hydraulic pipelines, 27 is the hydraulic cylinder limiting hole, 28 is the main pile limiting hole, 29 is the pile gripper limiting hole, 30 is the limiting bolt, and 33 is the infrared signal feedback system. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "left side," "right side," "upper part," "lower part," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. "First," "second," etc., do not indicate the importance of the components, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. The specific dimensions used in this embodiment are only for illustrating the technical solution and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] As described in the background section, the current situation regarding offshore wind turbine monopile foundations suffers from insufficient bearing capacity near the seabed surface due to various factors such as inadequate design considerations, poor construction quality, and changes in the marine environment. This application provides a type of umbrella-shaped anchor and its implementation method to enhance the bearing capacity of monopile foundations in soft soil. The aim is to efficiently reinforce the surface soft soil and improve the overall performance of the pile foundation by coordinating pile driving with an intelligent deployment mechanism of the anchor claws, thereby meeting the needs of green and efficient offshore engineering construction.

[0013] The umbrella-like framework-type ground anchor provided in this application for improving the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil includes a main pile 1. Figure 7As shown, a pile gripper 3 is installed on the main pile. The housing of the pile gripper is fitted onto the main pile. A hydraulic mechanism is installed at the center of the main pile's inner cavity. The hydraulic mechanism is fixed to the housing of the pile gripper by a limiting post 19. The movement direction of the hydraulic mechanism's transmission shaft is along the central axis of the main pile. Several fixing blocks 16 are installed on the pile gripper, and these fixing blocks are evenly distributed around the main pile. Several connecting blocks 6 are installed around the end of the transmission shaft of the hydraulic mechanism, and the number of connecting blocks matches the number of fixing blocks. The pile gripper also includes several support arms 7 and several support rods 8. One end of each support arm is hinged to a fixing block via a rotating shaft, and one end of each support rod is hinged to a connecting block via a rotating shaft. The other end of each support rod is hinged to the middle part of the support arm via a rotating shaft. An anchor claw 2 is installed at the other end of the support arm extending outward. The support arm and the anchor claw together form an umbrella-like frame structure.

[0014] The pile gripper also contains several telescopic blocks 17 arranged in a ring, which are connected to the circuit. The telescopic blocks are controlled by the control system to adjust their protrusion height to accommodate piles of different diameters. At the same time, the telescopic blocks can enhance the friction between the main pile and the pile gripper contact surface, thereby enhancing the overall integrity of the device.

[0015] here, Figure 1 As shown, in the initial state, the support arm is in contact with the main pile. When the connecting block moves downward, it drives the support rod to move via the rotating shaft. The support rod, in turn, drives the support arm to move via the rotating shaft, which in turn drives the anchor claw to open and close. A limit bolt 30 is installed at the outward-extending end of the support arm. An opening angle sensing sensor is installed inside the fixed block, and the sensor is connected to the limit bolt via a circuit. When the sensor detects that the opening angle of the anchor claw reaches the preset target, the limit bolt pops out and locks the anchor claw. Figure 8 This is a simplified diagram showing the opening and closing of a single anchor claw.

[0016] The entire structure utilizes an intelligent, umbrella-like frame design that combines the main pile and anchor claws in a coordinated manner. In soft soil (seabed) environments, this significantly reduces pile driving resistance and ensures construction efficiency, while simultaneously reinforcing the surface soft soil and comprehensively enhancing the lateral and vertical bearing capacity of each pile. It is important to note that to achieve force balance and proper force distribution, each anchor claw should have an opposite anchor claw after insertion into the soil. This ensures more uniform and approximately identical deformation under stress, thereby improving bearing capacity. To achieve this, the anchor claws must be symmetrically distributed, meaning the number of anchor claws must be even, and the number of supporting arms connecting the anchor claws must also be even.

[0017] In marine environments, monopiles primarily experience horizontal loads. When subjected to these horizontal loads, the evenly distributed anchors around the pile act as if they are enclosing the surrounding soil. This is equivalent to the horizontal load acting on the pile and a soil mass enclosing it. Therefore, a larger force is required to cause displacement and deformation of the pile, thus increasing its bearing capacity. The closer the area covered by the anchors is to a circle, the better the soil-enclosing effect. The actual coverage area of ​​several anchors resembles a polygon inscribed in a circle; therefore, the more anchors there are, the closer the area is to a circle. However, considering that the anchors are folded and attached to the main pile before unfolding, too many anchors folded within a limited area would lead to collisions, friction, and interference. Furthermore, considering manufacturing costs, the number of anchors cannot be excessive. Taking all factors into account… Figure 3 As shown, this application selects six anchor claws, which means there are six support arms.

[0018] Meanwhile, the extension direction of the anchor claw is in the direction of force application, and the diameter gradually decreases from the tip of the anchor claw towards the pile driving direction, forming a streamlined shape similar to a blade, thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom. This type of anchor claw provides less resistance during pile driving, and the increase in driving force applied is within an acceptable range compared to single-pile driving. Matching this design, the support arm is an arched force transmission frame, achieving optimal efficiency in shear force and bending moment transmission.

[0019] Throughout the structural design, Figure 6 As shown, the hydraulic mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder 4, a piston 22, a drive shaft, a cylinder head 23, vibration-damping rubber 24, hydraulic lines, and an infrared signal feedback system 33. The hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the main pile and fixed to the pile gripper housing by a limiting post. The piston is slidably connected inside the hydraulic cylinder, dividing the cylinder cavity into an upper cylinder 21 and a lower cylinder. One end of the drive shaft is vertically fixed at the center of the piston, and the other end extends from the open end of the hydraulic cylinder. The open end of the hydraulic cylinder is covered with a cylinder head, and vibration-damping rubber is installed at the contact point between the drive shaft and the cylinder head. An infrared signal feedback system is installed on the hydraulic cylinder, which is connected to the upper and lower cylinders through hydraulic lines. An infrared rangefinder 9 is installed on the pile gripper housing near the support arm. Figure 2 As shown, the infrared rangefinder senses the distance to the soil and transmits the electrical signal to the infrared signal feedback system via wire 11. The system automatically adjusts the pressure and rate of change of the hydraulic pipeline. When the pressure of the upper cylinder is greater than that of the lower cylinder, the piston drives the drive shaft and connecting block to move downward. When the pressure of the lower cylinder is greater than that of the upper cylinder, the piston drives the drive shaft and connecting block to move upward. The faster the rate of change, the faster the support arm opens and closes. The cylinder head ensures the airtightness of the cylinder, and the vibration damping rubber reduces the impact of the piston on the cylinder head, increasing the durability of the system.

[0020] The main pile, hydraulic cylinder, and pile gripper are lowered as a whole. Therefore, they are fixed together by symmetrical main pile limiting holes 28 opened along the circumference of the main pile surface, symmetrical hydraulic cylinder limiting holes 27 opened on the circumference of the hydraulic cylinder, and symmetrical pile gripper limiting holes 29 opened on the inner circumference of the pile gripper housing. Figure 5 As shown, the limiting post is sequentially inserted through the hydraulic cylinder limiting hole, the main pile limiting hole, and the pile gripper limiting hole. The end of the limiting post through the pile gripper limiting hole is locked with a high-strength bolt 20, and the end of the limiting post embedded in the hydraulic cylinder is locked with a valve 10, thereby fixing the hydraulic mechanism, the main pile, and the pile gripper.

[0021] In the initial stage of pile driving, the anchor claws do not contact the soil. The driving of the main pile and the opening of the anchor claws are synchronized. At this time, the limit bolts are in a retracted state, and the anchor claws remain vertical under the action of gravity. After the support arm opens to the preset angle (determined by the opening angle sensing sensor, i.e.) Figure 2 (Right side portion) The limiting bolt pops out and locks the anchor claws, sinking to the predetermined depth together with the main pile. The umbrella-shaped arrangement of the anchor claws can withstand loads in all directions, thus reinforcing the soil near the seabed surface and improving the bearing capacity of the pile foundation near the soft soil seabed surface. Preferably, the length of the support arm is defined as... The length of the anchor claw is The driving depth of the main pile is When the infrared rangefinder detects When the hydraulic mechanism is activated, the support rod pushes the support arm to open.

[0022] Figure 4 The diagram shows the implementation status of the umbrella-like skeleton-type ground anchor for enhancing the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil, as provided in this application. The specific steps include: Step S1: The pile gripper is fitted onto the main pile. The limiting post passes through the hydraulic cylinder limiting hole, the main pile limiting hole, and the pile gripper limiting hole in sequence. The end of the limiting post that passes through the pile gripper limiting hole is locked with a high-strength bolt. The end of the limiting post that is embedded in the hydraulic cylinder is locked with a valve to fix the hydraulic mechanism, the main pile, and the pile gripper. Step S2: Start sinking the main pile. At this time, the support arm and anchor claw form an umbrella-like frame structure that fits the main pile and sinks together with the main pile. Step S3: When the umbrella-like frame structure approaches the soil, the infrared rangefinder is activated to sense the distance between the arm and the soil. Step S4: The main pile is driven down. When the pile sinks to a length not less than the sum of the lengths of the anchor claw and the support arm, the infrared rangefinder senses the distance from the soil and transmits an electrical signal to the infrared signal feedback system. The infrared signal feedback system uses the electrical signal to automatically control the hydraulic cylinder to open the umbrella-like frame structure. During the opening, the infrared rangefinder transmits an electrical signal in real time and works in conjunction with the opening angle sensing sensor to control the working frequency of the hydraulic cylinder and the external pile driver. This ensures that the vertical lifting speed of the anchor claw is greater than the sinking speed of the main pile during the pile driving process, ensuring that the umbrella-like frame structure does not contact the soil before opening to the predetermined angle. Step S5: After the umbrella-like frame structure is fully opened, the limiting bolt at the end of the support arm pops out to lock the opening angle and ensure that the angle does not change during the subsequent sinking process. In step S6, after the umbrella-like frame structure is locked, the anchor claws continue to follow the main pile into the soil to the predetermined depth. At this time, all six anchor claws are deeply embedded in the soil, which can strengthen the soil near the seabed surface and improve the bearing capacity of the pile foundation near the soft soil seabed surface.

[0023] This application perfectly solves the pain points of traditional monopile bearing capacity, complex construction, and difficulty in recycling. It is especially suitable for large-diameter pile foundation projects in offshore wind power, and combines economy, practicality and environmental protection.

[0024] Those skilled in the art will understand that, unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. It should also be understood that terms such as those defined in general dictionaries should be understood to have the same meaning as in the context of the prior art, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless defined as herein.

[0025] The meaning of "and / or" as used in this application includes situations where each exists alone or both exist simultaneously.

[0026] The term "connection" as used in this application can mean a direct connection between components or an indirect connection between components through other components.

[0027] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A type of umbrella-shaped scaffolding anchor for enhancing the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil, comprising a main pile, characterized in that: A pile gripper is installed on the main pile. The housing of the pile gripper is fitted onto the main pile. A hydraulic mechanism is installed at the center of the inner cavity of the main pile. The hydraulic mechanism is fixed to the housing of the pile gripper by a limiting post. The movement direction of the transmission shaft of the hydraulic mechanism is along the central axis of the main pile. Several fixing blocks are installed on the pile gripper, and the fixing blocks are evenly distributed around the main pile. Several connecting blocks are installed around the end of the transmission shaft of the hydraulic mechanism, and the number of connecting blocks matches the number of fixing blocks. It also includes several support arms and several support rods. One end of each support arm is hinged to a fixed block via a rotating shaft, and one end of each support rod is hinged to a connecting block via a rotating shaft. The other end of each support rod is hinged to the middle part of the support arm via a rotating shaft. An anchor claw is installed at the other end of the support arm that extends outward. The support arm and the anchor claw together form an umbrella-like skeleton structure, and the number of both support arms and anchor claws is even. An infrared rangefinder is installed on the outer casing of the pile driver near the support arm. In the initial stage of pile driving, the umbrella-like frame-type ground anchor is attached to the surface of the main pile, and the length of the support arm is defined as follows: The length of the anchor claw is The driving depth of the main pile is When the infrared rangefinder detects When the hydraulic mechanism is activated, the support rod pushes the support arm to open, causing the anchor claw to leave the main pile; and the anchor claw does not contact the soil before opening to the preset angle.

2. The umbrella-like frame-type ground anchor for enhancing the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydraulic mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder, piston, drive shaft, cylinder head, vibration damping rubber, hydraulic pipeline and infrared signal feedback system. The hydraulic cylinder is installed inside the main pile and fixed to the pile gripper housing by a limiting column. The piston is slidably connected inside the hydraulic cylinder, dividing the cylinder cavity into an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. One end of the drive shaft is vertically fixed at the center of the piston, and the other end extends out from the opening end of the hydraulic cylinder. The opening end of the hydraulic cylinder is covered with a cylinder head, and the part of the drive shaft that contacts the cylinder head is fitted with vibration damping rubber. An infrared signal feedback system is installed on the hydraulic cylinder, which is connected to the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder through hydraulic lines.

3. The umbrella-like frame-type ground anchor for enhancing the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil according to claim 2, characterized in that: Symmetrical main pile limiting holes are made along the circumference of the main pile surface, symmetrical hydraulic cylinder limiting holes are made on the circumference of the hydraulic cylinder, and symmetrical pile gripper limiting holes are made on the inner circumference of the pile gripper housing. The limiting post passes through the hydraulic cylinder limiting hole, the main pile limiting hole, and the pile gripper limiting hole in sequence. The end of the limiting post that passes through the pile gripper limiting hole is locked with a high-strength bolt, and the end of the limiting post that is embedded in the hydraulic cylinder is locked with a valve, thereby fixing the hydraulic mechanism, the main pile, and the pile gripper.

4. The umbrella-like skeleton-type ground anchor for enhancing the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit bolt is installed at the end of the outward extension of the support arm, and an opening angle sensing sensor is set inside the fixed block. The opening angle sensing sensor is connected to the limit bolt through a circuit.

5. The umbrella-like skeleton-type ground anchor for enhancing the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direction of the extension of the anchor claw is the direction of the force applied, and the diameter gradually decreases from the top of the anchor claw to the direction of pile driving, forming a streamlined shape similar to a blade that is thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom.

6. The umbrella-like skeleton-type ground anchor for enhancing the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support arm is an arched force-transmitting frame.

7. The umbrella-like skeleton-type ground anchor for enhancing the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are 6 support arms and 6 anchor claws.

8. The method for implementing the umbrella-like skeleton-type ground anchor for improving the bearing capacity of a single pile in soft soil according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step S1: The pile gripper is fitted onto the main pile. The limiting post passes through the hydraulic cylinder limiting hole, the main pile limiting hole, and the pile gripper limiting hole in sequence. The end of the limiting post that passes through the pile gripper limiting hole is locked with a high-strength bolt. The end of the limiting post that is embedded in the hydraulic cylinder is locked with a valve to fix the hydraulic mechanism, the main pile, and the pile gripper. Step S2: Start sinking the main pile. At this time, the support arm and anchor claw form an umbrella-like frame structure that fits the main pile and sinks together with the main pile. Step S3: When the umbrella-like frame structure approaches the soil, the infrared rangefinder is activated to sense the distance between the arm and the soil. Step S4: The main pile is driven down. When the pile sinks to a length not less than the sum of the lengths of the anchor claw and the support arm, the infrared rangefinder senses the distance from the soil and transmits an electrical signal to the infrared signal feedback system. The infrared signal feedback system uses the electrical signal to automatically control the hydraulic cylinder to open the umbrella-like frame structure. During the opening, the infrared rangefinder transmits an electrical signal in real time and works in conjunction with the opening angle sensing sensor to control the working frequency of the hydraulic cylinder and the external pile driver. This ensures that the vertical lifting speed of the anchor claw is greater than the sinking speed of the main pile during the pile driving process, ensuring that the umbrella-like frame structure does not contact the soil before opening to the predetermined angle. Step S5: After the umbrella-like frame structure is fully opened, the limiting bolt at the end of the support arm pops out to lock the opening angle and ensure that the angle does not change during the subsequent sinking process. In step S6, after the umbrella-like frame structure is locked, the anchor claws continue to follow the main pile into the soil to the predetermined depth. At this time, all six anchor claws are deeply embedded in the soil, which can strengthen the soil near the seabed surface and improve the bearing capacity of the pile foundation near the soft soil seabed surface.

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