A polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas adsorption degradation integrated treatment device

Abstract

This invention discloses an integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas, belonging to the field of gas treatment technology. The integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas includes, in sequence, a pretreatment component, a dry adsorption mechanism, and a deep treatment mechanism. The pretreatment component includes a sorting box mechanism, a fan mechanism, a filtration mechanism, and a control mechanism. The deep treatment mechanism includes a plasma generator and a wet adsorption component. The dry adsorption mechanism includes a tower assembly with valve pipe assemblies symmetrically arranged above and below it. The tower assembly includes two single-tower assemblies, each with a lower conical tower chamber. Honeycomb-shaped molecular sieve plates are uniformly and evenly fixedly connected within the tower chamber, with adjacent molecular sieve plates having opposite honeycomb orientations. A flow fan is movably connected to the upper interior of the tower chamber via bearings, simultaneously realizing the adsorption, desorption, and regeneration of the molecular sieve plates in a closed-loop manner, improving treatment efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas treatment technology, specifically to an integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas. Background Technology

[0002] Polyurethane waterproof coatings, due to their strong adhesion, good elasticity, excellent weather resistance, and convenient construction, are widely used in waterproofing projects for building roofs, basements, kitchens, and bathrooms, and are one of the core materials in the building waterproofing field. However, in the production process of polyurethane waterproof coatings (resin synthesis, coating formulation, reactor venting, and curing) and on-site construction (material mixing, coating, and curing), complex mixed organic waste gases are continuously released due to incomplete raw material reactions, solvent evaporation, and thermal decomposition, making it a key target for air pollution control in the coating industry.

[0003] The core pollutants in this type of waste gas are isocyanate monomers such as diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and toluene diisocyanate (TDI), supplemented by volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as toluene, xylene, and esters. It also contains organic amines, paint mist dust, trace amounts of ammonia, and high-humidity water vapor. It is a typical highly toxic, high-humidity, easily polymerizable, flammable, and explosive mixed waste gas. Its inherent characteristics determine that its treatment difficulty is far greater than that of ordinary industrial VOCs waste gas: Firstly, isocyanate monomers undergo instantaneous hydrolysis upon contact with water to form polyurea solid precipitates, which can easily cause pipe cavities. First, blockages in the road and packing materials cause a sharp drop in equipment operating efficiency. Second, recalcitrant pollutants such as free isocyanates and organic amines have strong polymerizing properties and are prone to forming secondary polymerization products during treatment, significantly reducing the treatment effect. Third, most VOC components are within the explosion limit range, and isocyanates have highly sensitizing and toxic properties, placing stringent requirements on the safety protection and sealing performance of the treatment equipment. Fourth, production workshops are characterized by large air volume and low concentration of exhaust gas emissions, while construction sites have intermittent emissions and large fluctuations in operating conditions, which places higher demands on the adaptability of the treatment equipment.

[0004] To address the pollution problem caused by exhaust gas from polyurethane waterproof coatings, the industry has successively developed various exhaust gas treatment technologies and devices, gradually evolving from initial single treatment processes to multi-stage combined treatment processes. Patent CN120919807A discloses a pollutant gas treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating production, which adopts a three-stage treatment structure consisting of a dry adsorption spray tower, a plasma generator, and a wet adsorption spray tower. This type of technology achieves step-by-step removal of pollutants through staged treatment, which to some extent solves the problems of clogging and incomplete treatment associated with single processes, thereby improving exhaust gas treatment efficiency. However, existing multi-stage combined treatment technologies and devices have not been systematically optimized for the characteristics of polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas. Furthermore, limited by design concepts and structural layouts, they suffer from numerous defects, such as the lack of closed-loop adsorption and regeneration, making it difficult to meet the actual needs of continuous, stable, low-consumption, high-efficiency, and compliant emissions from industrial production. Dry adsorption in combined technologies still employs a one-time zeolite powder injection process or fixed-bed adsorption without a desorption and regeneration module, resulting in single-use of the adsorbent and high material consumption. While some adsorption concentration processes include desorption stages, their desorption efficiency is low, and they lack anti-adhesion structures designed to address the polyurea adhesion characteristics of polyurethane waste gas. This leads to localized blockage of the adsorption bed, resulting in a low concentration ratio and high load on subsequent degradation units. Therefore, an integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas is urgently needed to solve the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas, comprising, in sequence, a pretreatment component, a dry adsorption mechanism, and a deep treatment mechanism;

[0007] The pretreatment components include a sorting box mechanism, a fan mechanism, a filtration mechanism, and a control mechanism;

[0008] The deep processing mechanism includes a plasma generator and a wet assembly.

[0009] The dry adsorption mechanism includes a tower assembly, and valve pipe assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower parts of the tower assembly.

[0010] The tower assembly includes two single tower assemblies. Each single tower assembly includes a lower conical tower compartment. Inside the tower compartment, honeycomb-shaped molecular sieve plates are fixedly connected at equal intervals, with adjacent molecular sieve plates having opposite honeycomb orientations. A flow fan is movably connected to the upper interior of the tower compartment via bearings. A fan shaft is fixedly connected to the lower side of the fan shaft, penetrating the molecular sieve plates. The fan shaft is movably connected at equal intervals via rotating shafts to brush rollers that correspond to and fit the lower side of the molecular sieve plates. The brush rollers are arranged spirally along the fan shaft.

[0011] The valve tube assembly includes a valve tube, with first connecting pipes fixedly connected to both ends of the valve tube facing the tower body assembly, and a second connecting pipe fixedly connected to the middle of the valve tube facing away from the tower body assembly. Third connecting pipes fixedly connected to the valve tube are provided on both sides of the second connecting pipe. The first connecting pipe corresponds to the tower compartment. The second connecting pipe of the upper valve tube assembly is fixedly connected to a third input pipe, and the second connecting pipe of the lower valve tube assembly is fixedly connected to a third discharge pipe. The third connecting pipe of the upper valve tube assembly is fixedly connected to a purger, and the third connecting pipe of the lower valve tube assembly is fixedly connected to a collector.

[0012] A catalytic component is provided between the plasma generator and the wet assembly.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a track close to the tower body assembly is fixedly embedded inside the valve pipe.

[0014] An inner tube is slidably inserted into the valve tube, and a sliding plate with a sliding track is fixedly embedded in the middle of the inner tube.

[0015] Both ends of the inner tube are sealed with flow equalization mesh; both ends of the inner tube are provided with through holes facing the first connecting pipe; two connecting holes are respectively provided on both sides of the slide plate, which are opened through the inner tube and face the second connecting pipe and the third connecting pipe.

[0016] A linkage component is provided between the upper and lower valve pipe assemblies. The linkage component includes two retaining rings corresponding to the sliding plates. The retaining rings are adapted to be connected to the valve pipes, and a ring rod is fixedly connected between the two retaining rings.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sorting mechanism includes a main shell, an inner plate fixedly connected to the upper interior of the main shell, and an ash hopper fixedly connected to the lower end of the main shell; a base is fixedly connected to the lower end of the ash hopper.

[0018] The fan mechanism includes a fan fixed to the upper port of the main shell, a first input pipe fixedly connected to the lower side of the fan at equal and uniform intervals, a first discharge pipe fixedly connected to the upper side of the fan, and a wind pressure sensor fixedly connected to the upper port of the first discharge pipe; the first discharge pipe is fixedly connected to a third input pipe through the wind pressure sensor.

[0019] The fan has a rotating column that connects to its motor output shaft embedded at its corner, and a gear is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating column.

[0020] The filtration mechanism includes a filter cartridge assembly, which includes a cylindrical plate fixed to the lower surface of the inner plate, and a cylindrical ring is movably inserted through the surface of the cylindrical plate via a bearing.

[0021] A corrugated filter cylinder is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the cylindrical ring, and the lower end face of the filter cylinder is sealed with a cylinder bottom;

[0022] The upper end face of the cylindrical ring is fixedly connected to a cylindrical head that penetrates the inner plate, and the upper port of the cylindrical head is recessed and adapted to connect to the first input pipe.

[0023] The upper outer side of the cylinder head is provided with a groove, and the cylinder heads are all sleeved with a connecting band adapted to the groove; a gear ring of a meshing gear is fixedly sleeved on the lower outer side of one of the cylinder heads.

[0024] The lower surface of the cylinder plate is fixedly connected with air jets around the filter cylinder at equal and uniform intervals.

[0025] The control mechanism includes a control compartment that penetrates and connects to the inner plate and the cylindrical plate, and a second input pipe that penetrates the main shell is fixedly and evenly connected to the upper outer side of the control compartment at equal intervals.

[0026] The lower interior of the control chamber is fixedly connected to a shell, and a spiral heat exchanger is fixedly connected inside the shell. A rod is fixedly connected to the upper side of the shaft of the heat exchanger.

[0027] Below the control chamber is a separation chamber located between the filter cartridges, and a second discharge pipe is fixedly connected between the separation chamber and the control chamber; an air hole is opened through the upper part of the separation chamber; a channel is provided inside the separation chamber, the upper end of the channel is expanded outward and fixedly connected to the separation chamber, and a rotating plate corresponding to the second discharge pipe is fixedly wrapped around the lower outer side of the channel; an absorbent cotton and a guide plate are fixedly connected to the lower interior of the separation chamber.

[0028] The guide plate is located between the absorbent cotton and the channel, and the edge of the guide plate is sloping downward and hollowed out.

[0029] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plasma generator and the third discharge pipe are fixedly connected;

[0030] The catalytic assembly includes a catalyst, and a fourth input pipe is fixedly connected between the catalyst and the plasma generator. A temperature controller is installed at one end of the fourth input pipe near the catalyst. A fourth discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the upper side of the catalyst.

[0031] The wet assembly includes a spray cylinder, and the fourth discharge pipe penetrates the bottom wall of the spray cylinder and extends into it; the upper wall of the spray cylinder is fixedly connected to an output pipe, and the end of the output pipe is fixedly connected to an exchange pipe that wraps around the fourth input pipe.

[0032] A first liquid chamber is provided on the side of the spray cylinder, and a circulation chamber is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first liquid chamber; a spray head connected to the first liquid chamber is provided inside the upper part of the spray cylinder; an adsorption plate fixed to the spray cylinder is provided above the spray head.

[0033] The lower wall of the spray cylinder is fixedly fitted with a recovery ring that connects to the circulation chamber, and the recovery ring is fixedly connected to the catalyst.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] (1) An integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas, comprising a three-stage pretreatment process of pretreatment dehumidification, dry adsorption pre-removal, and plasma pyrolysis to block polymerization, to avoid clogging; adsorbing and enriching large volume low concentration waste gas, thoroughly mineralizing small molecule pollutants after plasma pyrolysis to achieve harmless treatment, deeply removing residual small molecule pollutants after catalytic degradation, ensuring stable emission of tail gas to meet standards, achieving step-by-step removal and thorough mineralization of pollutants, using plasma pyrolysis to improve the pyrolysis efficiency of difficult-to-degrade large molecule pollutants, using catalysis to thoroughly mineralize small molecule pollutants after pyrolysis to improve mineralization efficiency, and finally, after deep treatment by wet components, significantly improving pollutant removal efficiency.

[0036] (2) An integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas, the tower assembly includes two single tower assemblies, and the tower chamber is uniformly and evenly fixed with honeycomb molecular sieve plates. The honeycomb orientation of adjacent molecular sieve plates is opposite. With the switching of valve pipe assembly, when one single tower assembly is performing adsorption work, the other single tower assembly is performing cleaning work, so as to realize the adsorption, desorption and regeneration closed-loop utilization of molecular sieve plates simultaneously, thereby improving the treatment efficiency.

[0037] (3) An integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas. When adsorption is performed, the waste gas can be homogenized by the flow equalization net, and the waste gas flow into the tower chamber is relatively gentle, so as not to drive the fan to rotate significantly. The waste gas flow passes through the molecular sieve plates that are evenly arranged at equal intervals in the tower chamber. The molecular sieve plates are honeycomb-shaped and the honeycomb direction of adjacent molecular sieve plates is opposite, so that the waste gas flow swings in the tower chamber, improves the gas-solid contact efficiency, and thus performs adsorption better.

[0038] (4) An integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas, when cleaning, the blowing airflow is not blocked by the flow equalization net, so the flow rate is relatively fast. When it comes into contact with the flow fan, it will drive the fan to rotate, and then clean it when passing through the molecular sieve plate at high speed. At the same time, the flow fan will drive the fan shaft to rotate, so that the brush roller rolls under the molecular sieve plate to further clean it, effectively avoiding the blockage of the molecular sieve plate and improving the long-term stability of adsorption efficiency; at the same time, the cost of consumables is reduced.

[0039] (5) An integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas, wherein the temperature controller installed on the fourth input pipe is used to cool the waste gas, and the end of the output pipe is connected to the exchange pipe that wraps the fourth input pipe, so that the waste gas discharged after treatment flows through the fourth input pipe. In this way, heat exchange can be carried out inside and outside the fourth input pipe. The waste gas discharged through the exchange pipe can carry away the heat of the waste gas passing through the fourth input pipe, thereby reducing the workload of the temperature controller and improving green energy saving.

[0040] (6) An integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas uses a heat exchanger to reduce the humidity of the waste gas and control the temperature of the waste gas, thereby effectively preventing premature hydrolysis of isocyanate; at the same time, the dry adsorption mechanism uses a molecular sieve plate in conjunction with a valve tube assembly to connect the single tower assembly to the purger, and periodically removes trace amounts of hydrolysis products; in addition, the plasma generator efficiently decomposes polyurea precursors, blocking the risk of secondary polymerization in subsequent stages; therefore, there is no frequent clogging problem, the replacement cycle of vulnerable parts is extended, the risk of production interruption due to failure is greatly reduced, and the operating efficiency of the production workshop and construction site is improved.

[0041] (7) An integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas, wherein a rotating column connected to the output shaft of its motor is embedded in the corner of the fan, and a gear is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating column. The gear meshes with the toothed ring of the sleeve head, thereby driving one of the filter cartridge components to rotate. The filter cartridge component is driven to rotate by the linkage effect, so that the waste gas passes through the filter cartridge uniformly and comprehensively for pretreatment. At the same time, the jet head is started at regular intervals to self-clean the filter cartridge, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and efficiency of pretreatment. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the box-sorting mechanism of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box-sorting mechanism of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the filtration mechanism of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the filtration mechanism of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the control mechanism of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the control mechanism of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fan mechanism of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the dry adsorption mechanism of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the tower body components of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the valve tube assembly of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a single-tower component of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the molecular sieve plate of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the depth processing mechanism of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the catalytic component of the present invention.

[0057] In the diagram: 1. Waste bin handling mechanism; 101. Main shell; 102. Inner plate; 103. Ash hopper; 104. Base; 2. Fan mechanism; 201. Fan; 202. First input pipe; 203. First discharge pipe; 204. Air pressure sensor; 205. Rotating column; 206. Gear; 3. Filter mechanism; 301. Cylinder plate; 302. Cylinder ring; 303. Filter cartridge; 304. Cylinder bottom; 305. Cylinder head 306. Groove; 307. Connecting belt; 308. Gear ring; 309. Jet nozzle; 4. Control mechanism; 401. Control chamber; 402. Second input pipe; 403. Second discharge pipe; 404. Shell; 405. Heat exchanger; 406. Rod; 407. Separation chamber; 408. Vent; 409. Channel; 410. Rotary plate; 411. Adsorption cotton; 412. Guide plate; 5. Dry adsorption Mechanism; 501, Tower Chamber; 502, Molecular Sieve Plate; 503, Flow Fan; 504, Fan Shaft; 505, Brush Roller; 506, Valve Pipe; 507, First Connecting Pipe; 508, Second Connecting Pipe; 509, Third Connecting Pipe; 510, Track; 511, Inner Pipe; 512, Slide Plate; 513, Flow Equalization Net; 514, Through Hole; 515, Double Connecting Hole; 516, Snap Ring; 517, Ring Rod; 518, Third Input Pipe; 519, Third Discharge Pipe; 6, Deep Processing Mechanism; 601, Plasma Generator; 602, Fourth Input Pipe; 603, Catalyst; 604, Temperature Controller; 605, Fourth Discharge Pipe; 606, Spray Cylinder; 607, Production Pipe; 608, Exchange Pipe; 609, First Liquid Chamber; 610, Spray Head; 611, Adsorption Plate; 612, Recovery Ring; 613, Circulation Chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Example: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 9 , Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 An integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas includes, in sequence, a pretreatment component, a dry adsorption mechanism 5, and a deep treatment mechanism 6.

[0060] The pretreatment components include a sorting box mechanism 1, a fan mechanism 2, a filtration mechanism 3, and a control mechanism 4;

[0061] The deep processing unit 6 includes a plasma generator 601 and a wet assembly;

[0062] The dry adsorption mechanism 5 includes a tower body assembly, and valve pipe assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower parts of the tower body assembly.

[0063] The tower assembly includes two single tower assemblies. Each single tower assembly includes a lower conical tower chamber 501. Inside the tower chamber 501, molecular sieve plates 502 in a honeycomb pattern are fixedly connected at equal intervals. The honeycomb orientation of adjacent molecular sieve plates 502 is opposite. Inside the upper part of the tower chamber 501, a fan 503 is movably connected via bearings. A fan shaft 504 that penetrates the molecular sieve plates 502 is fixedly connected to the lower side of the shaft of the fan 503. The fan shaft 504 is movably connected via a rotating shaft at equal intervals to brush rollers 505 that correspond to and fit the lower side of the molecular sieve plates 502. The brush rollers 505 are arranged in a spiral along the fan shaft 504.

[0064] The valve tube assembly includes a valve tube 506, with first connecting pipes 507 fixedly connected to both ends of the valve tube 506 facing the tower body assembly, and a second connecting pipe 508 fixedly connected to the middle of the valve tube 506 facing away from the tower body assembly. Third connecting pipes 509 are fixedly connected to the valve tube 506 on both sides of the second connecting pipe 508. The first connecting pipe 507 is correspondingly connected to the tower compartment 501. The second connecting pipe 508 of the upper valve tube assembly is fixedly connected to a third input pipe 518, and the second connecting pipe 508 of the lower valve tube assembly is fixedly connected to a third discharge pipe 519. The third connecting pipe 509 of the upper valve tube assembly is fixedly connected to a purger, and the third connecting pipe 509 of the lower valve tube assembly is fixedly connected to a collector.

[0065] A catalytic component is provided between the plasma generator 601 and the wet assembly.

[0066] Please see Figure 11 The valve pipe 506 has a track 510 that is fixedly embedded inside, close to the tower body assembly;

[0067] An inner tube 511 is slidably inserted into the valve tube 506, and a sliding plate 512 of a sliding rail 510 is fixedly embedded in the middle of the inner tube 511.

[0068] Both ends of the inner tube 511 are sealed with flow equalization nets 513; both ends of the inner tube 511 are provided with through holes 514 facing the first connecting pipe 507; the two sides of the slide plate 512 are respectively provided with two connecting holes 515 that are opened through the inner tube 511, and the two connecting holes 515 face the second connecting pipe 508 and the third connecting pipe 509.

[0069] A linkage component is provided between the upper and lower valve pipe assemblies. The linkage component includes two retaining rings 516 corresponding to the slide plates 512. The retaining rings 516 are adapted to be connected to the valve pipes 506. A ring rod 517 is fixedly connected between the two retaining rings 516.

[0070] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 The sorting mechanism 1 includes a main shell 101, an inner plate 102 fixedly connected to the upper interior of the main shell 101, and an ash hopper 103 fixedly connected to the lower end of the main shell 101; a base 104 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the ash hopper 103.

[0071] The fan mechanism 2 includes a fan 201 fixedly connected to the upper port of the main housing 101. The lower side of the fan 201 is uniformly and equidistantly connected to a first input pipe 202. The upper side of the fan 201 is fixedly connected to a first discharge pipe 203. The upper port of the first discharge pipe 203 is fixedly connected to a wind pressure sensor 204. The first discharge pipe 203 is fixedly connected to a third input pipe 518 through the wind pressure sensor 204.

[0072] The fan 201 has a rotating column 205 that connects to the output shaft of its motor embedded at its corner, and a gear 206 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating column 205.

[0073] The filter mechanism 3 includes a filter cartridge assembly, which includes a cylindrical plate 301 fixed to the lower surface of the inner plate 102, and a cylindrical ring 302 is movably inserted through the surface of the cylindrical plate 301 via a bearing.

[0074] A corrugated filter cylinder 303 is fixedly connected to the lower end face of the cylindrical ring 302, and a cylinder bottom 304 is sealed to the lower end face of the filter cylinder 303.

[0075] The upper end face of the cylindrical ring 302 is fixedly connected to a cylindrical head 305 that penetrates the inner plate 102. The upper port of the cylindrical head 305 is recessed and adapted to connect to the first input pipe 202.

[0076] The upper outer side of the cylinder head 305 is provided with a groove 306, and the cylinder head 305 is sleeved with a connecting belt 307 that is adapted to the groove 306; the lower outer side of one cylinder head 305 is fixedly sleeved with a toothed ring 308 of a meshing gear 206.

[0077] Air jets 309 are fixedly connected at equal intervals around the filter cartridge 303 on the lower surface of the cylinder plate 301.

[0078] The control mechanism 4 includes a control compartment 401 that penetrates and connects the inner plate 102 and the cylindrical plate 301. The upper outer side of the control compartment 401 is uniformly and evenly connected to a second input pipe 402 that penetrates the main shell 101.

[0079] A housing 404 is fixedly connected to the lower interior of the control chamber 401. A spiral heat exchanger 405 is fixedly connected inside the housing 404. A rod 406 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the shaft of the heat exchanger 405.

[0080] Below the control chamber 401, there is a separation chamber 407 located between the filter cartridges 303. A second discharge pipe 403 is fixedly connected between the separation chamber 407 and the control chamber 401. An air hole 408 is opened through the upper part of the separation chamber 407. A channel 409 is provided inside the separation chamber 407. The upper end of the channel 409 is expanded outward and fixedly connected to the separation chamber 407. A rotating plate 410 corresponding to the second discharge pipe 403 is fixedly wrapped around the outer side of the middle and lower part of the channel 409. An absorbent cotton 411 and a guide plate 412 are fixedly connected to the lower interior of the separation chamber 407.

[0081] The guide plate 412 is located between the absorbent cotton 411 and the channel 409, and the edge of the guide plate 412 is sloping downward and hollowed out.

[0082] Please see Figure 14 , Figure 15 The plasma generator 601 and the third discharge pipe 519 are fixedly connected;

[0083] The catalytic assembly includes a catalyst 603, a fourth input pipe 602 is fixedly connected between the catalyst 603 and the plasma generator 601, a temperature controller 604 is installed at one end of the fourth input pipe 602 near the catalyst 603; a fourth discharge pipe 605 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the catalyst 603.

[0084] The wet assembly includes a spray cylinder 606, a fourth discharge pipe 605 that penetrates the bottom wall of the spray cylinder 606 and extends into it; an output pipe 607 is fixedly connected to the upper wall of the spray cylinder 606, and an exchange pipe 608 that wraps around the fourth input pipe 602 is fixedly connected to the end of the output pipe 607.

[0085] A first liquid tank 609 is provided on the side of the spray cylinder 606, and a circulation tank 613 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first liquid tank 609; a spray head 610 connected to the first liquid tank 609 is provided inside the upper part of the spray cylinder 606; an adsorption plate 611 fixedly connected to the spray cylinder 606 is provided above the spray head 610.

[0086] A recovery ring 612, which connects to the circulation chamber 613, is fixedly embedded in the lower wall of the spray cylinder 606, and the recovery ring 612 is fixedly connected to the catalyst 603.

[0087] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0088] To address the characteristics of isocyanates forming polyurea upon contact with water and the tendency of recalcitrant pollutants to undergo secondary polymerization, a three-stage pretreatment process is implemented, including a pretreatment component for precise dehumidification, a dry adsorption mechanism 5 for precise dry adsorption pre-removal, and a plasma generator 601 to prevent polymerization through plasma pyrolysis, thus avoiding blockage. Simultaneously, the tower components of the dry adsorption mechanism 5 adsorb and enrich large volumes of low-concentration waste gas. The plasma generator 601 thoroughly mineralizes the small-molecule pollutants after plasma pyrolysis, achieving harmless treatment of isocyanates and VOCs. A wet scrubbing component deeply removes residual small-molecule pollutants (such as trace amines and unmineralized light hydrocarbons) after catalytic degradation, ensuring stable and compliant emissions. This process achieves step-by-step removal and thorough mineralization of pollutants, improving the initial adsorption efficiency for isocyanates and VOCs. The plasma generator 601 enhances the pyrolysis efficiency for recalcitrant macromolecular pollutants, and the catalyst 603 thoroughly mineralizes the pyrolyzed small-molecule pollutants to improve mineralization efficiency. Finally, the wet scrubbing component provides deep treatment, significantly improving pollutant removal efficiency.

[0089] Abandoning the traditional one-time zeolite powder spray adsorption process, the tower assembly includes two single tower components. The tower chamber 501 is uniformly and evenly fixed with honeycomb-shaped molecular sieve plates 502. The honeycomb orientation of adjacent molecular sieve plates 502 is opposite. With the switching of the valve tube assembly, when one single tower component is performing adsorption, the other single tower component is performing cleaning. This simultaneously realizes the adsorption, desorption, and regeneration of the molecular sieve plates 502 in a closed loop, improving the processing efficiency.

[0090] When the slide plate 512 is at the right end of the track 510, the second pipe 508 connects to the single tower assembly on the left through the double hole 515, the flow equalization net 513 and the first pipe 507, so the single tower assembly on the left performs adsorption; at the same time, the purger connected to the third pipe 509 on the right is activated, and connects to the single tower assembly on the right through the double hole 515, the through hole 514 and the first pipe 507, so the single tower assembly on the right performs cleaning; the upper and lower valve pipe assemblies move synchronously using the linkage assembly, so that the single tower assembly performing adsorption is reversely connected to the third discharge pipe 519 for subsequent processing, and the single tower assembly performing cleaning is reversely connected to the collector for impurity collection.

[0091] During adsorption, the waste gas is homogenized by the flow equalization net 513, resulting in a gentler flow into the tower chamber 501, which prevents the fan 503 from rotating significantly. The waste gas then passes through the molecular sieve plates 502 that are evenly spaced within the tower chamber 501. The molecular sieve plates 502 are honeycomb-shaped with opposite honeycomb orientations for adjacent plates, causing the waste gas to oscillate within the tower chamber 501, thus improving gas-solid contact efficiency and enhancing adsorption performance.

[0092] During the cleaning process, the blowing airflow is not obstructed by the flow equalization net 513, resulting in a relatively high flow rate. When it comes into contact with the flow fan 503, it will cause the fan to rotate, thus cleaning the molecular sieve plate 502 at high speed. At the same time, the flow fan 503 will drive the fan shaft 504 to rotate, causing the brush roller 505 to roll below the molecular sieve plate 502 for further cleaning. This effectively avoids clogging of the molecular sieve plate 502, improves the long-term stability of adsorption efficiency, and simultaneously reduces consumable costs.

[0093] The exhaust gas entering the catalyst 603 for catalysis needs to be cooled. The temperature controller 604 installed on the fourth input pipe 602 is used to cool it. The end of the output pipe 607 is connected to the exchange pipe 608 that wraps around the fourth input pipe 602. Therefore, the exhaust gas that is finally discharged after treatment flows through the fourth input pipe 602. This allows heat exchange to occur inside and outside the fourth input pipe 602. The exhaust gas discharged through the exchange pipe 608 can carry away the heat of the exhaust gas passing through the fourth input pipe 602, thereby reducing the workload of the temperature controller 604 and improving green energy saving.

[0094] The pretreatment component introduces waste gas into the control chamber 401 through the second input pipe 402 of the control mechanism 4, and uses the heat exchanger 405 to reduce the humidity of the waste gas and control the temperature of the waste gas, thereby effectively preventing premature hydrolysis of isocyanate; at the same time, the dry adsorption mechanism 5 uses the molecular sieve plate 502 in conjunction with the valve pipe assembly to connect the single tower assembly to the purger, and periodically removes trace amounts of hydrolysis products; in addition, the plasma generator 601 efficiently decomposes polyurea precursors, blocking the risk of secondary polymerization in subsequent stages; therefore, there is no frequent clogging problem, the replacement cycle of vulnerable parts is extended, the risk of production interruption due to failure is greatly reduced, and the operating efficiency of the production workshop and construction site is improved.

[0095] The exhaust gas in the control chamber 401 enters the separation chamber 407 through the second discharge pipe 403, where it is separated by the swirl of the swirl plate 410 to remove the condensed liquid water. Simultaneously, the exhaust gas rises through the channel 409 and is evenly dispersed to the filter cartridge 303 through the vents 408 at the top of the separation chamber 407. Impurities in the exhaust gas fall into the ash hopper 103 under gravity and are collected. The exhaust gas continues to enter the filter cartridge 303 and is further processed by the fan 201 through the first input pipe 202 connected to the cartridge head 305. Gas exhaust; the fan 201 has a rotating column 205 embedded at its corner, which connects to the output shaft of its motor. The lower end of the rotating column 205 is fixedly connected to a gear 206, which meshes with the gear ring 308 of the sleeve head 305, thereby driving one of the filter cartridges to rotate. The linkage 307 drives the filter cartridge to rotate, so that the exhaust gas passes through the filter cartridge 303 evenly and comprehensively for pre-treatment. At the same time, the jet head 309 is activated at regular intervals to self-clean the filter cartridge 303, improving the comprehensiveness and efficiency of pre-treatment.

[0096] The catalyst 603 completely mineralizes pollutants through catalytic degradation of waste gas, without generating any toxic intermediate products. It is used in conjunction with the wet-processing spray liquid for deep treatment. The used spray liquid enters the circulation chamber 613 through the recovery ring 612 for further treatment and can then be reused in the first liquid chamber 609. The polyurea is filtered and precipitated regularly to reduce the amount of waste liquid discharged. While achieving efficient treatment of waste gas, it also ensures that there is no secondary pollution throughout the entire process. The collection and disposal of hazardous waste is improved, which meets the requirements of the entire environmental protection process.

[0097] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas, comprising a pretreatment component, a dry adsorption mechanism (5), and a deep treatment mechanism (6) in sequence. The pretreatment components include a feeding box mechanism (1), a fan mechanism (2), a filtration mechanism (3), and a control mechanism (4). The deep processing mechanism (6) includes a plasma generator (601) and a wet assembly; Its features are: The dry adsorption mechanism (5) includes a tower body assembly, and valve pipe assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the tower body assembly; The tower assembly includes two single tower assemblies. Each single tower assembly includes a lower conical tower compartment (501). The tower compartment (501) is fixedly connected with honeycomb-shaped molecular sieve plates (502) at equal intervals. The honeycomb orientation of adjacent molecular sieve plates (502) is opposite. The upper interior of the tower compartment (501) is movably connected to a fan (503) via a bearing. The fan shaft (504) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the shaft of the fan (503) and passes through the molecular sieve plate (502). The fan shaft (504) is movably connected to brush rollers (505) corresponding to and conforming to the lower side of the molecular sieve plate (502) via a rotating shaft at equal intervals. The brush rollers (505) are arranged spirally along the fan shaft (504). The valve tube assembly includes a valve tube (506), with first connecting pipes (507) fixedly connected to both ends of the valve tube (506) facing the tower body assembly, and a second connecting pipe (508) fixedly connected to the middle of the valve tube (506) facing away from the tower body assembly. Third connecting pipes (509) fixedly connected to the valve tube (506) are provided on both sides of the second connecting pipe (508). The first connecting pipe (507) is connected to the tower compartment (501). The second connecting pipe (508) of the upper valve tube assembly is fixedly connected to a third input pipe (518), and the second connecting pipe (508) of the lower valve tube assembly is fixedly connected to a third discharge pipe (519). The third connecting pipe (509) of the upper valve tube assembly is fixedly connected to a purger, and the third connecting pipe (509) of the lower valve tube assembly is fixedly connected to a collector. A catalytic component is provided between the plasma generator (601) and the wet assembly.

2. The integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve tube (506) is fixedly embedded with a track (510) close to the tower body assembly. The valve tube (506) is slidably inserted with an inner tube (511), and the middle part of the inner tube (511) is fixedly embedded with a sliding plate (512) of a sliding track (510). Both ends of the inner tube (511) are sealed with flow equalization mesh (513); both ends of the inner tube (511) are provided with through holes (514) facing the first connecting pipe (507); the two sides of the slide plate (512) are respectively provided with two connecting holes (515) that are opened through the inner tube (511), and the two connecting holes (515) face the second connecting pipe (508) and the third connecting pipe (509). A linkage component is provided between the upper and lower valve pipe assemblies. The linkage component includes two retaining rings (516) corresponding to the sliding plates (512). The retaining rings (516) are adapted to be connected to the valve pipe (506). A ring rod (517) is fixedly connected between the two retaining rings (516).

3. The integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sorting mechanism (1) includes a main shell (101), an inner plate (102) is fixedly connected to the upper interior of the main shell (101), and an ash hopper (103) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the main shell (101); a base (104) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the ash hopper (103). The fan mechanism (2) includes a fan (201) fixed to the upper port of the main housing (101), a first input pipe (202) is fixedly connected to the lower side of the fan (201) at equal and uniform intervals, a first discharge pipe (203) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the fan (201), and a wind pressure sensor (204) is fixedly connected to the upper port of the first discharge pipe (203); the first discharge pipe (203) is fixedly connected to a third input pipe (518) through the wind pressure sensor (204); The fan (201) has a rotating column (205) that connects to its motor output shaft at its corner, and a gear (206) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the rotating column (205).

4. The integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filtration mechanism (3) includes a filter cartridge assembly, which includes a cylindrical plate (301) fixed to the lower surface of the inner plate (102), and a cylindrical ring (302) is movably inserted through the surface of the cylindrical plate (301) via a bearing. The lower end face of the cylindrical ring (302) is fixedly connected to a corrugated filter cylinder (303), and the lower end face of the filter cylinder (303) is sealed with a cylinder bottom (304). The upper end face of the cylindrical ring (302) is fixedly connected to a cylindrical head (305) that penetrates the inner plate (102). The upper port of the cylindrical head (305) is recessed and adapted to connect to the first input pipe (202). The upper outer side of the cylinder head (305) is provided with a groove (306), and the cylinder head (305) is sleeved with a connecting band (307) adapted to the groove (306); the lower outer side of one of the cylinder heads (305) is fixedly sleeved with a toothed ring (308) of a meshing gear (206). The lower surface of the cylinder plate (301) is fixedly connected with jet heads (309) around the filter cylinder (303) at equal and uniform intervals.

5. The integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control mechanism (4) includes a control compartment (401) that penetrates the inner plate (102) and the cylindrical plate (301). The upper outer side of the control compartment (401) is uniformly and equidistantly connected to a second input pipe (402) that penetrates the main shell (101). The lower interior of the control chamber (401) is fixedly connected to a housing (404), and a spiral heat exchanger (405) is fixedly connected inside the housing (404). A rod (406) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the shaft of the heat exchanger (405). Below the control chamber (401) is a separation chamber (407) located between the filter cartridges (303). A second discharge pipe (403) is fixedly connected between the separation chamber (407) and the control chamber (401). An air hole (408) is opened through the upper part of the separation chamber (407). A channel (409) is provided inside the separation chamber (407). The upper end of the channel (409) is expanded outward and fixedly connected to the separation chamber (407). A rotating plate (410) corresponding to the second discharge pipe (403) is fixedly wrapped around the middle and lower outer side of the channel (409). An absorbent cotton (411) and a guide plate (412) are fixedly connected to the lower interior of the separation chamber (407). The guide plate (412) is located between the absorbent cotton (411) and the channel (409), and the edge of the guide plate (412) is sloping downward and hollowed out.

6. The integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasma generator (601) and the third discharge pipe (519) are fixedly connected; The catalytic assembly includes a catalyst (603), and a fourth input pipe (602) is fixedly connected between the catalyst (603) and the plasma generator (601). A temperature controller (604) is installed at one end of the fourth input pipe (602) near the catalyst (603). A fourth discharge pipe (605) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the catalyst (603). The wet assembly includes a spray cylinder (606), and the fourth discharge pipe (605) penetrates the bottom wall of the spray cylinder (606) and extends into it; the upper wall of the spray cylinder (606) is fixedly connected to an output pipe (607), and the end of the output pipe (607) is fixedly connected to an exchange pipe (608) that wraps around the fourth input pipe (602).

7. The integrated adsorption and degradation treatment device for polyurethane waterproof coating waste gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first liquid tank (609) is provided on the side of the spray cylinder (606), and a circulation tank (613) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the first liquid tank (609); a spray head (610) communicating with the first liquid tank (609) is provided inside the upper part of the spray cylinder (606); an adsorption plate (611) of the spray cylinder (606) is fixedly provided above the spray head (610). The lower wall of the spray cylinder (606) is fixedly embedded with a recovery ring (612) that connects to the circulation chamber (613), and the recovery ring (612) is fixedly connected to the catalyst (603).

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