A carbon sink calculation method and device based on multi-dimensional carbon layer division

Abstract

This invention provides a method and apparatus for carbon sink calculation based on multidimensional carbon stratification. The method includes: acquiring vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects in the area to be calculated and determining its completeness; for complete ecological protection and restoration project vector data, performing carbon stratification on different land categories based on different stratification factors to obtain carbon stratification results; for incomplete ecological protection and restoration project vector data, acquiring corresponding land change data, and spatially and attributely fusing the land change data with the incomplete ecological protection and restoration project vector data to obtain carbon stratification baseline data; determining fused and non-fused areas based on the carbon stratification baseline data, performing carbon stratification on different land categories in the fused areas based on different stratification factors, and performing carbon stratification on non-fused areas based on land change data to obtain carbon stratification results; and calculating carbon sinks based on the carbon stratification results. This method can improve the accuracy of carbon sink calculation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of carbon sink calculation technology, and in particular to a carbon sink calculation method and apparatus based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning. Background Technology

[0002] Ecological protection and restoration are important ways to enhance the carbon sequestration capacity of ecosystems, and it is also crucial to achieve accurate measurement of carbon sequestration in ecological protection and restoration projects.

[0003] Ecological protection and restoration projects include four types: natural restoration, conservation and protection, assisted regeneration, and ecological reconstruction. The carbon sequestration volume of ecological protection and restoration refers to the increased carbon sequestration volume generated by these activities. The four types of carbon sequestration enhancement pathways correspond to two main types: increasing carbon sequestration capacity and enhancing carbon sequestration capacity. Increasing carbon sequestration capacity mainly refers to the process of converting other land use types into ecosystems such as forests, grasslands, or wetlands to increase carbon sequestration; while enhancing carbon sequestration capacity emphasizes strengthening the carbon sequestration function of existing land types through measures such as protecting vegetation, soil, and water bodies.

[0004] Patent CN119940720A discloses a method, device, equipment, medium, and product for calculating and monitoring alternative restoration of carbon sinks for ecological damage, relating to the field of ecological restoration. The method includes: acquiring time-series remote sensing images of ecologically damaged sites and determining the damaged area and a control area; determining the pre-damage carbon sink volume of the ecologically damaged site based on the carbon sink volume per unit area of ​​the control area and the damaged area; calculating the carbon sink volume of compensation measures for the ecologically damaged site based on the annual carbon absorption per unit area of ​​each type of replanted tree and the planting area of ​​each type of replanted tree; determining the carbon sink loss and carbon sink value of the project trees based on the pre-damage carbon sink volume, the carbon sink volume of compensation measures, the carbon emission trading price, and the carbon sink price, and monitoring the restoration status of the ecologically damaged site.

[0005] The methods described above suffer from several drawbacks. First, they rely on a single dimension for carbon layer division, depending solely on indicators such as tree species. Second, they are inadequate for ecological protection and restoration projects, which involve diverse measures, data, and elements. Third, they are costly, relying heavily on field surveys for parameter acquisition, resulting in high costs and workloads. Furthermore, they lack a universal database to meet the demands for rapid calculations. Fourth, they lack multi-element collaborative measurement and fail to consider the diversity of ecological protection and restoration measures. The measurement methods are mostly focused on reconstruction-oriented ecological protection and restoration projects oriented towards single elements, failing to achieve collaborative measurement of multiple elements such as forest land, grassland, cultivated land, and wetlands, thus leading to inaccurate carbon sink calculations. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a carbon sink calculation method and apparatus based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning. By partitioning the carbon layer based on multiple factors, the accuracy of carbon sink calculation can be effectively improved.

[0007] A carbon sink calculation method based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning includes: Obtain vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects in the area to be calculated and determine its integrity; For complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, carbon layers are divided into different land categories based on different dividing factors to obtain carbon layer division results. For incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, the corresponding land change data is obtained, and the land change data is spatially fused and attribute fused with the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data to obtain carbon layer division base plate data. Based on the carbon layer partitioning base data, merged and non-merged areas are determined. Carbon layers are then applied to different land categories within the merged areas based on different partitioning factors. Carbon layers are then applied to the non-merged areas based on land change data to obtain carbon layer partitioning results. The carbon sink is calculated based on the carbon layer partitioning results.

[0008] Furthermore, obtain the corresponding land change data, including: Acquire the first remote sensing image data of the area to be calculated before ecological protection and restoration are implemented, and the second remote sensing image data after ecological protection and restoration are implemented. The first and second remote sensing image data are classified and identified to obtain the first land use / cover data and the second land use / cover data, respectively. The land change data is obtained by spatially overlaying the first land use / cover data and the second land use / cover data.

[0009] Furthermore, the land change data is spatially fused and attribute-fused with incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, including: To obtain point and surface data and their attribute information from incomplete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects; Obtain the land parcel map of the land change data; The point and area data of the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data are integrated into the corresponding positions of the land parcels, and attribute information is added to obtain the carbon layer division base plate data.

[0010] Furthermore, the classification factors include data type, construction time, plant type, and carbon sequestration capacity; the land categories include forest land, grassland, water and wetland, and arable land. Carbon layering is performed on complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects or fused areas, based on different delineation factors, for different land categories to obtain carbon layering results, including: Divide the complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects or the areas with consistent land categories in the fused region into sub-regions; For sub-regions with land category of forest land, an initial division is performed based on the data type to obtain the first-level forest land division result. Each first-level forest land division result is then divided according to the construction time to obtain the second-level forest land division result. Each second-level forest land result is then divided according to the plant type to obtain the forest land carbon layer division result. For sub-regions with grassland as the land category, the grassland carbon layer is divided based on the construction time to obtain grassland carbon layer division results; For sub-regions with land category of water wetland, an initial division is made based on the construction time to obtain the first-level division result of water wetland. Each first-level division result of water wetland is divided according to plant type to obtain the second-level division result of water wetland. Each second-level division result of water wetland is divided according to carbon sequestration capacity to obtain the carbon layer division result of water wetland. For sub-regions classified as arable land, the arable land carbon layer is divided based on the construction time to obtain the arable land carbon layer division results.

[0011] Furthermore, the fused region is the fused portion of land change data and incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data in the carbon layer partitioning base plate data, and the remaining region is the non-fused region; Carbon layering of the non-fusion region based on land change data includes: Based on the land change data, identify the land categories in non-integrated areas before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration; Non-integrated areas whose land categories changed before and after ecological protection and restoration were classified into new carbon sink capacity carbon layers according to the secondary classification of land categories after ecological protection and restoration. Non-integrated areas whose land categories did not change before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration will be classified into carbon layers with enhanced carbon sequestration capacity according to their secondary land category classification.

[0012] Further, the carbon sink is calculated based on the carbon layer partitioning results, including: For the carbon layer division results obtained based on incomplete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, a carbon sequestration rate database containing secondary classifications under different regions and different land categories is pre-established; Based on the location of the non-fusion region and the secondary classification of the corresponding carbon layer, the corresponding carbon sequestration rate is selected from the carbon sequestration rate database. The carbon sink of each carbon layer in the non-fusion region is calculated and integrated according to the selected carbon sequestration rate, carbon layer type and corresponding area to obtain the carbon sink calculation result of the non-fusion region. Based on the plant species of each carbon layer in the fusion region, the corresponding carbon fixation rate is determined and the carbon sink of each carbon layer is calculated. The carbon sinks of the calculated carbon layers are then integrated to obtain the carbon sink calculation results of the fusion region. The carbon sequestration results of the non-integrated region and the integrated region are added together to obtain the carbon sequestration calculation result of the region to be calculated.

[0013] Furthermore, the carbon sink calculation result for non-converged areas is the sum of the carbon sink increment of newly added carbon sink capacity-type carbon layers and the carbon sink increment of carbon layers that enhance carbon sink capacity; The carbon sequestration increment of newly added carbon sequestration capacity carbon layers is the carbon sequestration after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration, while the carbon sequestration increment of carbon sequestration capacity-enhancing carbon layers is the difference between the carbon sequestration after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration and the carbon sequestration before the implementation of ecological protection and restoration.

[0014] Furthermore, the secondary classification of land type forest land includes trees, bamboo forests and shrubs; the secondary classification of land type grassland includes natural grassland and artificial grassland; the secondary classification of land type water and wetland includes mangroves, forest swamps and shrub swamps; and the secondary classification of land type cultivated land includes paddy fields, irrigated land and dry land.

[0015] Further, the carbon sink is calculated based on the carbon layer partitioning results, including: Based on the carbon layer division results obtained from the complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, the corresponding carbon fixation rate is determined according to the plant category of the carbon layer, and the carbon sink of each carbon layer is calculated. The carbon sinks of the calculated carbon layers are integrated to obtain the carbon sink calculation results of the area to be calculated.

[0016] A carbon sink calculation device based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning, comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects in the area to be calculated and to determine its integrity. The first carbon layer partitioning module is used to perform carbon layer partitioning on different land categories based on different partitioning factors on the complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, and obtain carbon layer partitioning results. The data fusion module is used to obtain corresponding land change data from incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, and to perform spatial and attribute fusion of the land change data with the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data to obtain carbon layer division base plate data. The second carbon layer segmentation module is used to determine the fused and non-fused regions based on the carbon layer segmentation base plate data, perform carbon layer segmentation on different land categories for the fused regions based on different segmentation factors, and perform carbon layer segmentation on the non-fused regions based on land change data to obtain carbon layer segmentation results. The carbon sink calculation module is used to calculate the carbon sink based on the carbon layer division results.

[0017] Furthermore, the data fusion module acquires the corresponding land change data, including: Acquire the first remote sensing image data of the area to be calculated before ecological protection and restoration are implemented, and the second remote sensing image data after ecological protection and restoration are implemented. The first and second remote sensing image data are classified and identified to obtain the first land use / cover data and the second land use / cover data, respectively. The land change data is obtained by spatially overlaying the first land use / cover data and the second land use / cover data.

[0018] Furthermore, the data fusion module performs spatial and attribute fusion of the land change data with the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, including: To obtain point and surface data and their attribute information from incomplete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects; Obtain the land parcel map of the land change data; The point and area data of the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data are integrated into the corresponding positions of the land parcels, and attribute information is added to obtain the carbon layer division base plate data.

[0019] Furthermore, the classification factors include data type, construction time, plant type, and carbon sequestration capacity; the land categories include forest land, grassland, water and wetland, and arable land. The first carbon layer partitioning module performs carbon layer partitioning on the complete ecological protection and restoration project vector data based on different partitioning factors for different land categories, or the second carbon layer partitioning module performs carbon layer partitioning on the merged area based on different partitioning factors for different land categories, obtaining carbon layer partitioning results, including: Divide the complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects or the areas with consistent land categories in the fused region into sub-regions; For sub-regions with land category of forest land, an initial division is performed based on the data type to obtain the first-level forest land division result. Each first-level forest land division result is then divided according to the construction time to obtain the second-level forest land division result. Each second-level forest land result is then divided according to the plant type to obtain the forest land carbon layer division result. For sub-regions with grassland as the land category, the grassland carbon layer is divided based on the construction time to obtain grassland carbon layer division results; For sub-regions with land category of water wetland, an initial division is made based on the construction time to obtain the first-level division result of water wetland. Each first-level division result of water wetland is divided according to plant type to obtain the second-level division result of water wetland. Each second-level division result of water wetland is divided according to carbon sequestration capacity to obtain the carbon layer division result of water wetland. For sub-regions classified as arable land, the arable land carbon layer is divided based on the construction time to obtain the arable land carbon layer division results.

[0020] Furthermore, the fused region is the fused portion of land change data and incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data in the carbon layer partitioning base plate data, and the remaining region is the non-fused region; The second carbon layer partitioning module performs carbon layer partitioning on the non-fusion region based on land change data, including: Based on the land change data, identify the land categories in non-integrated areas before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration; Non-integrated areas whose land categories changed before and after ecological protection and restoration were classified into new carbon sink capacity carbon layers according to the secondary classification of land categories after ecological protection and restoration. Non-integrated areas whose land categories did not change before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration will be classified into carbon layers with enhanced carbon sequestration capacity according to their secondary land category classification.

[0021] Furthermore, the carbon sink calculation module calculates the carbon sink based on the carbon layer partitioning results, including: For the carbon layer division results obtained based on incomplete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, a carbon sequestration rate database containing secondary classifications under different regions and different land categories is pre-established; Based on the location of the non-fusion region and the secondary classification of the corresponding carbon layer, the corresponding carbon sequestration rate is selected from the carbon sequestration rate database. The carbon sink of each carbon layer in the non-fusion region is calculated and integrated according to the selected carbon sequestration rate, carbon layer type and corresponding area to obtain the carbon sink calculation result of the non-fusion region. Based on the plant species of each carbon layer in the fusion region, the corresponding carbon fixation rate is determined and the carbon sink of each carbon layer is calculated. The carbon sinks of the calculated carbon layers are then integrated to obtain the carbon sink calculation results of the fusion region. The carbon sequestration results of the non-integrated region and the integrated region are added together to obtain the carbon sequestration calculation result of the region to be calculated.

[0022] Furthermore, the carbon sink calculation result for non-converged areas is the sum of the carbon sink increment of newly added carbon sink capacity-type carbon layers and the carbon sink increment of carbon layers that enhance carbon sink capacity; The carbon sequestration increment of newly added carbon sequestration capacity carbon layers is the carbon sequestration after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration, while the carbon sequestration increment of carbon sequestration capacity-enhancing carbon layers is the difference between the carbon sequestration after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration and the carbon sequestration before the implementation of ecological protection and restoration.

[0023] Furthermore, the secondary classification of land type forest land includes trees, bamboo forests and shrubs; the secondary classification of land type grassland includes natural grassland and artificial grassland; the secondary classification of land type water and wetland includes mangroves, forest swamps and shrub swamps; and the secondary classification of land type cultivated land includes paddy fields, irrigated land and dry land.

[0024] Furthermore, the carbon sink calculation module calculates the carbon sink based on the carbon layer partitioning results, including: Based on the carbon layer division results obtained from the complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, the corresponding carbon fixation rate is determined according to the plant category of the carbon layer, and the carbon sink of each carbon layer is calculated. The carbon sinks of the calculated carbon layers are integrated to obtain the carbon sink calculation results of the area to be calculated.

[0025] The carbon sink calculation method and apparatus based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning provided by this invention have at least the following beneficial effects: (1) Multi-dimensional carbon layer division is carried out for different land categories to maximize the uniformity of the obtained carbon layers, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent carbon sink calculations; (2) For incomplete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, it is fused with remote sensing data as the basis for carbon layer division, to ensure the accuracy of carbon layer division and further improve the accuracy of carbon sink calculation; (3) For incomplete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, a carbon sequestration rate database containing different regions and different land types should be established in advance to facilitate reading and improve the efficiency of carbon sink calculation; (4) The carbon layer is divided into specific new carbon sink types and improved carbon sink types, which is more in line with actual applications and further improves the accuracy of carbon sink calculation. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of one embodiment of the carbon sink calculation method based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of vector data for ecological protection and restoration engineering in one application scenario of the carbon sink calculation method based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of surface data in one application scenario of the carbon sink calculation method based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of point data in one application scenario of the carbon sink calculation method based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the carbon sink calculation device based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 In some embodiments, a carbon sink calculation method based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning is provided, including: S1. Obtain vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects in the area to be calculated and determine its integrity; S2. For complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, carbon layers are divided into different land categories based on different dividing factors to obtain carbon layer division results. S3. For incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, obtain the corresponding land change data, and perform spatial fusion and attribute fusion of the land change data and incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data to obtain carbon layer division base plate data. S4. Determine the merging and non-merging areas based on the carbon layer division base plate data. Perform carbon layer division on different land categories for the merging areas based on different division factors. Perform carbon layer division on the non-merging areas based on land change data to obtain carbon layer division results. S5. Calculate the carbon sink based on the carbon layer division results.

[0033] Carbon layers, commonly found in the field of carbon sequestration, refer to the classification of carbon in an ecosystem (especially a forest) into different categories or levels based on its location, form, or tree species / stand type for accurate monitoring and measurement. The core purpose is to divide a heterogeneous and complex ecosystem into relatively homogeneous parts, enabling more accurate measurements with a smaller sample size.

[0034] Specifically, in step S1, before obtaining the vector data of the ecological protection and restoration project in the area to be calculated, it also includes obtaining the initial vector data of the ecological protection and restoration project. This initial vector data of the ecological protection and restoration project is construction data, such as how much area of ​​a certain type of plant was planted at a certain location, or how many plants were planted in a certain area.

[0035] The initial vector data for ecological protection and restoration projects includes point data and area data related to plants. The point data refers to data on individual plants, and the area data refers to data on vegetation coverage areas.

[0036] Point data mainly consists of individual trees, shrubs, and bamboos, while area data mainly consists of vegetation cover data for land types such as woodlands, grasslands, water bodies, and wetlands that are distributed in patches.

[0037] The initial ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data refers to engineering implementation drawing data, such as CAD data.

[0038] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is vector data for an ecological protection and restoration project in a specific application scenario. Figure 3 For the corresponding face data, Figure 4 For point data.

[0039] In some embodiments, preprocessing of the initial ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data is also included: Extract the point and surface data related to plants from the initial ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, convert them into SHP files, and then convert the SHP files to the same projection coordinate system; Add attribute information to the point data and surface data; The surface gaps and overlapping parts of the same type of plant in the same layer in the SHP file are processed.

[0040] Specifically, the format coordinate conversion involves extracting point and area data related to the addition or improvement of carbon sequestration capacity through processes such as layer filtering, map inspection, and center point filling, and then uniformly converting them into Shapefile (SHP) file format. Batch projection is then used to convert all SHP files to a unified projected coordinate system.

[0041] Based on data such as the seedling attribute table and project acceptance report, carbon sequestration attribute information was supplemented to the SHP file. For point data, attributes were extracted including tree species, tree age, diameter at breast height (DBH), tree height, crown width, row spacing, and construction time. For area data, if it is forest land, dominant tree species, tree age, average DBH, average tree height, crown width, planting density, and construction time were extracted. If it is other land categories, plant names and construction time were extracted, and the plants were classified into floating plants, submerged plants, emergent plants, or terrestrial herbaceous plants based on their names.

[0042] Topological conflicts such as surface gaps and surface intersections / overlaps between the same type of plant in the same layer are detected and processed in SHP files to ensure the geometric integrity and logical consistency of spatial data.

[0043] When performing carbon sequestration calculations after the completion of certain ecological restoration projects, there may be missing construction data. In such cases, the specific construction details cannot be directly determined, necessitating further processing. In this embodiment, complete ecological protection and restoration project vector data refers to vector data for the area to be calculated that is complete, without any missing data in certain areas. Incomplete ecological protection and restoration project vector data indicates that some areas of the vector data are missing.

[0044] In step S3, the corresponding land change data is obtained, including: S31. Obtain the first remote sensing image data of the area to be calculated before ecological protection and restoration are implemented, and the second remote sensing image data after ecological protection and restoration are implemented. S32. Classify and identify the first remote sensing image data and the second remote sensing image data to obtain the first land use / cover data and the second land use / cover data respectively. S33. Perform spatial overlay analysis on the first land use / cover data and the second land use / cover data to obtain the land change data.

[0045] Specifically, in step S31, for projects with incomplete vector data, remote sensing image data (resolution not less than 1m) is collected before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration. The remote sensing image data is then subjected to radiometric, atmospheric, and geometric corrections and converted to a unified projection coordinate system.

[0046] In step S32, existing land change data is pre-divided into training and validation sets in an 8:2 ratio. A supervised classification-based neural network model is trained, and the classification accuracy is verified (overall accuracy not less than 0.8). The land use is mainly categorized into arbor forests, shrub forests, bamboo forests, other forest lands, natural grasslands, artificial grasslands, other grasslands, mangroves, forest swamps, shrub swamps, other wetlands, paddy fields, irrigated land, and dry land. Based on the trained neural network model, the first and second remote sensing image data are classified and identified to generate refined land use / cover data for both the pre- and post-construction periods.

[0047] In step S33, based on the two periods of land use / cover data, spatial overlay analysis is used to obtain land change data before and after the implementation of the project.

[0048] Specifically, the land change data before and after the project implementation reflects the newly added vegetation areas (where protection and restoration projects were implemented).

[0049] In step S3, the land change data is spatially fused and attribute-fused with the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, including: S34. Obtain point and surface data and their attribute information of incomplete vector data for ecological protection and restoration projects; S35. Obtain the land parcel map of the land change data; S36. Integrate the point data and surface data of the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data into the corresponding positions of the land parcel map, and add attribute information to obtain the carbon layer division base plate data.

[0050] Specifically, for point data, the number of individual trees included is counted, the average tree height, diameter at breast height and crown width are calculated, and the dominant tree species type is determined (if it cannot be determined, it is uniformly classified as coniferous or broad-leaved) and construction time. The above statistical and identification results are used as attribute fields and associated with the corresponding land parcels.

[0051] For area data: using map patches as spatial units, for engineering map patches corresponding to area data in incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, and for engineering map patches with forest vegetation type, the area of ​​each dominant tree species within them is statistically analyzed, and carbon sink attributes such as tree age, average diameter at breast height (DBH), average tree height, crown width, planting density, and construction time are collected. For engineering map patches with other vegetation types, the area of ​​floating plants, submerged plants, emergent plants, and terrestrial herbaceous plants, as well as the construction time, are statistically analyzed. Finally, the above statistical results are used as attribute fields and associated with the corresponding land parcel map patches.

[0052] Furthermore, in step S2, for the complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, different land categories can be further subdivided by combining data type, construction time, plant type, and carbon sequestration capacity, and plots with no significant differences can be divided into the same carbon layer, providing an accurate data foundation for subsequent carbon sequestration calculations.

[0053] In step S4, for incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, the carbon layer delineation baseline data that has been integrated with the engineering vector data can be further subdivided into different land categories based on data type, construction time, plant type, and carbon sequestration capacity for the integrated areas. Plots with no significant differences are grouped into the same carbon layer, providing an accurate data foundation for subsequent carbon sequestration calculations. Specifically, the integrated area is the portion of the carbon layer delineation baseline data that combines land change data with the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data; the remaining areas are the non-integrated areas, meaning they do not contain ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data.

[0054] In some embodiments, the classification factors include data type, construction time, plant type, and carbon sequestration capacity; the land categories include woodland, grassland, water and wetland, and arable land.

[0055] Furthermore, in steps S2 and S4, for the complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, carbon stratification is performed on different land categories based on different stratification factors; or, for the fused area, carbon stratification is performed on different land categories based on different stratification factors to obtain carbon stratification results, including: Divide the complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects or the areas with consistent land categories in the fused region into sub-regions; For sub-regions with land category of forest land, an initial division is performed based on the data type to obtain the first-level forest land division result. Each first-level forest land division result is then divided according to the construction time to obtain the second-level forest land division result. Each second-level forest land result is then divided according to the plant type to obtain the forest land carbon layer division result. For sub-regions with grassland as the land category, the grassland carbon layer is divided based on the construction time to obtain grassland carbon layer division results; For sub-regions with land category of water wetland, an initial division is made based on the construction time to obtain the first-level division result of water wetland. Each first-level division result of water wetland is divided according to plant type to obtain the second-level division result of water wetland. Each second-level division result of water wetland is divided according to carbon sequestration capacity to obtain the carbon layer division result of water wetland. For sub-regions classified as arable land, the arable land carbon layer is divided based on the construction time to obtain the arable land carbon layer division results.

[0056] Specifically: Selection of carbon layer partitioning factors: Factor 1: Data type, which refers to the type of engineering vector data, including point data and polygon data.

[0057] Factor 2: Construction time, which is the completion time of the project.

[0058] Factor 3: Plant type. For woodlands, it is the tree species type; for grasslands, water bodies, and wetlands, it is the family, genus, and species type of the plant.

[0059] Factor 4: Carbon sequestration capacity, which includes factors related to carbon sequestration capacity such as biomass per unit area and carbon sequestration rate.

[0060] Taking the above factors into consideration, the carbon layers of different land categories are further subdivided, and the classification scheme is as follows: For forest land: Carbon layer classification is performed by comprehensively considering factors 1, 2, and 3. Specifically, an initial classification is first performed based on data type, that is, dividing the land into point data and area data, which serves as the first-level classification result for forest land. Then, the point data and area data are further classified according to construction time, that is, point data or area data with similar construction times are grouped together to obtain the second-level classification result for forest land. Then, each group of data with similar times is classified according to plant type to obtain the final forest land carbon layer classification result. Among them, for tree species types such as trees and shrubs in forest land with unclear carbon sink measurement parameters, they can be merged into tree species categories (conifers, broad-leaved trees, etc.) for carbon layer classification. For point-like trees and shrubs that do not constitute forest land, carbon layer classification is performed separately according to tree species, planting time, etc., referring to the carbon layer classification method for trees and shrubs. In the final forest land carbon layer classification result, each carbon layer has the same data type, similar construction time, and roughly the same plant type.

[0061] Grassland: Carbon layer delineation is primarily based on factor 2. This means delineation is based on construction time to obtain grassland carbon layer delineation results, with construction times being similar for each carbon layer.

[0062] Aquatic wetlands: Carbon layer delineation was conducted by comprehensively considering factors 2, 3, and 4. Specifically, initial delineation was first performed based on construction time, grouping data with similar construction times together to obtain the first-level delineation results for aquatic wetlands. Each first-level delineation result was then further divided according to plant type; data with similar construction times were grouped together to obtain the second-level delineation results. Finally, each second-level delineation result was further divided according to carbon sequestration capacity, grouping data with similar carbon sequestration capacities together to obtain the final carbon layer delineation results. Plants with a biomass per unit area more than three times that of other plants were delineated into a separate carbon layer. The final aquatic wetland carbon layer delineation results show that each carbon layer has similar construction times and plant types.

[0063] For arable land, the classification is based on the construction time.

[0064] Further, in step S4, carbon layering is performed on the non-fusion area based on land change data, including: Based on the land change data, identify the land categories in non-integrated areas before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration; Non-integrated areas whose land categories changed before and after ecological protection and restoration were classified into new carbon sink capacity carbon layers according to the secondary classification of land categories after ecological protection and restoration. Non-integrated areas whose land categories did not change before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration will be classified into carbon layers with enhanced carbon sequestration capacity according to their secondary land category classification.

[0065] Specifically, in conjunction with ecological protection and restoration engineering measures, the types of land changes related to carbon sequestration before and after the implementation of the projects are identified. Land types that change before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration are classified as carbon layers with increased carbon sequestration capacity; land types that do not change before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration are classified as carbon layers with enhanced carbon sequestration capacity. Further subcategories are provided for each land type, as shown in Table 1. Table 1

[0066] The secondary classification of land as forest land includes trees, bamboo forests, and shrubs; the secondary classification of land as grassland includes natural grassland and artificial grassland; the secondary classification of land as aquatic wetland includes mangroves, forest swamps, and shrub swamps; and the secondary classification of land as cultivated land includes paddy fields, irrigated land, and dry land. New carbon sequestration capacity-enhancing carbon layers include new arbor forest carbon layers, new bamboo forest carbon layers, new shrub forest carbon layers, new other forest carbon layers, new natural grassland carbon layers, new artificial grassland carbon layers, new other grassland carbon layers, new mangrove carbon layers, new forest swamp carbon layers, new forest swamp carbon layers, new shrub swamp carbon layers, new other wetland carbon layers, new paddy field carbon layers, new irrigated land carbon layers, and new dryland carbon layers. Carbon layers enhancing carbon sequestration capacity include protected arbor forest carbon layers, protected bamboo forest carbon layers, protected shrub forest carbon layers, protected other forest carbon layers, protected natural grassland carbon layers, protected artificial grassland carbon layers, protected other grassland carbon layers, protected mangrove carbon layers, protected forest swamp carbon layers, protected forest swamp carbon layers, protected shrub swamp carbon layers, protected other wetland carbon layers, protected paddy field carbon layers, protected irrigated land carbon layers, and protected dryland carbon layers.

[0067] Further, in step S5, calculating the carbon sink based on the carbon layer partitioning results includes: S51. For the carbon layer division results obtained based on incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, a carbon sequestration rate database containing secondary classifications under different regions and different land categories should be established in advance. S52. Based on the location of the non-integrated area and the secondary classification of the land category to which the corresponding carbon layer belongs, select the corresponding carbon sequestration rate from the carbon sequestration rate database, calculate the carbon sink of each carbon layer in the non-integrated area according to the selected carbon sequestration rate, carbon layer type and corresponding area, and integrate them to obtain the carbon sink calculation result of the non-integrated area. S53. Based on the plant types of each carbon layer in the fusion region, determine the corresponding carbon fixation rate and calculate the carbon sink of each carbon layer. Integrate the calculated carbon sinks of the carbon layers to obtain the carbon sink calculation results of the fusion region. Specifically, in step S51, under a specific application scenario, taking the national terrestrial ecological foundation secondary zoning as the basic unit and the national land survey and annual change survey classification system as the grading standard, and using the sample plot survey method, remote sensing inversion method, and model simulation method, a scientific and reliable carbon sink measurement parameter database is formed based on the comparison and verification of different methods for the primary and secondary categories of land use such as forest land, grassland, water and wetland, cultivated land, and orchard.

[0068] The carbon sequestration rate database architecture adopts a binary coupling framework of "ecological zoning-land use classification," aiming to achieve precise unification of carbon sequestration measurement across macro-regional heterogeneity and micro-land use types. Specifically, it uses the national terrestrial ecological baseline secondary zoning as the basic unit of spatial organization. This level can accurately reflect the ecological background characteristics of different geographical regions, providing a spatial framework for the regional adaptability of carbon sequestration parameters and ensuring the applicability of parameters within ecologically consistent areas. Based on the land use classification system established by the Third National Land Survey and its annual change survey data, the parameter database comprehensively covers the secondary land categories of forest land, grassland, wetland, cultivated land, orchard, and water area, ensuring that the parameter database accurately depicts the differences in carbon sequestration characteristics among different land use types.

[0069] By cross-coupling these two dimensions, a multi-level, gridded carbon sequestration rate index was constructed, ensuring that each carbon sequestration rate is accurately located within a specific "ecological zone-land type" unit, fundamentally solving the problem of insufficient parameter space specificity in traditional methods. The carbon sequestration rate database design is shown in Table 2.

[0070] Table 2. Carbon fixation rate database design

[0071] This embodiment adopts a technical approach of "multi-method collaborative calculation + comparative verification". It selects appropriate calculation methods to calculate carbon sequestration rates based on the differences in carbon sequestration characteristics among different land use types, ensuring the scientific validity and reliability of the parameters. The specific steps are as follows: Based on the ecological attributes of land categories and data availability, parameters were calculated using the sample plot survey method, remote sensing inversion method, and model simulation method, respectively. The sample plot survey method is mainly applicable to land types with high vegetation cover and strong feasibility for field surveys, such as forest land and grassland. Standard sample plots (e.g., 20m×20m for forest land and 1m×1m for grassland) are established within each secondary ecological zone of the terrestrial area according to random or typical sampling principles. Vegetation biomass and soil organic carbon content are measured in the field. Combined with the sample plot area and the number of regional sample plots, the regional-scale carbon storage is calculated. Carbon sinks are calculated by combining data from multiple surveys.

[0072] Remote sensing inversion method: Applicable to land use types with large-scale, continuous spatial coverage (such as cultivated land and vegetation zones around water bodies). Using high-resolution remote sensing imagery (such as Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2) as the data source, vegetation indices such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) are extracted. Combined with measured carbon storage data obtained from field plot surveys, a statistical regression model (such as linear regression or stepwise regression model) is constructed between vegetation indices and carbon storage to invert the spatial distribution of carbon storage at the regional scale, achieving rapid calculation and spatial representation of carbon storage parameters. Multi-period remote sensing imagery is used to invert the spatial distribution of carbon storage over multiple periods, and the carbon storage change method is employed to calculate carbon sinks.

[0073] Model simulation method: Applicable to land types with complex ecological processes or significant human impact, such as wetlands and orchards. Mature ecological process models (such as the Biome-BGC model and the DNDC model) are selected, and climate data (annual mean temperature, precipitation), soil data (soil texture, bulk density), land use data (crop / vegetation type, planting / management methods), and vegetation physiological parameters (photosynthetic efficiency, respiration rate) from each secondary zone are input. By simulating vegetation photosynthesis, respiration, and soil carbon cycling processes, carbon storage changes at different time scales (year, season) are calculated, compensating for the shortcomings of field surveys and remote sensing inversion in characterizing process mechanisms.

[0074] Parameter calculation: The carbon sink of the corresponding natural resource elements is calculated based on three methods. According to the first and second-level spatial zoning and the spatial distribution of land types, the carbon sequestration rate of natural resource elements such as forest land, orchard land, grassland, water area and wetland, and cultivated land under the corresponding zoning is calculated, and a zoning and hierarchical carbon sequestration rate database based on sample plot survey, remote sensing inversion and process model simulation is formed respectively.

[0075] Verification using multiple methods: For the same land use type within the same secondary ecological zoning of a terrestrial area, carbon sequestration rates were calculated using the three methods (or at least two methods) mentioned above, and then comparative verification was conducted among the methods: Data consistency test: The degree of consistency between results from different methods is tested by calculating the relative error of the results. The method for calculating the relative error is as follows: Relative error = (Result of Method A - Result of Method B) / Result of Method A × 100% Reasonableness analysis: Based on the ecological background characteristics of the region (such as whether the climate conditions are suitable for vegetation growth and whether the soil carbon pool capacity is consistent with the characteristics of the regional soil type), the ecological reasonableness of the results of each method is judged, and biased results caused by data anomalies or improper model parameter settings are excluded. Weighted fusion determines the final carbon sequestration rate: If the consistency of results from multiple methods meets a preset threshold (e.g., relative error ≤ 15%), a weighted average method (with the accuracy coefficient of the method as the weight, such as the highest weight for the sample plot survey method, followed by the remote sensing inversion method, and the model simulation method adjusted according to parameter calibration) is used to determine the final carbon storage parameters; if the consistency does not meet the threshold, the reasons for the deviation are analyzed retrospectively (e.g., insufficient representativeness of sample plot layout, low fitting degree of remote sensing model, inaccurate model parameter calibration), corrected, and recalculated until the results meet the consistency requirements, ensuring the reliability of the final parameters.

[0076] To comprehensively assess the reliability of the carbon sink measurement parameter database, this embodiment introduces a systematic uncertainty analysis framework for the entire calculation process, as detailed below: Uncertainty Source Identification: From three dimensions—data, methodology, and spatial scale—the system identifies sources of uncertainty, including but not limited to: sampling errors in plot surveys, structural and parameter errors in remote sensing inversion models, simulation errors caused by the simplification of reality in ecological models, and error propagation in the classification and boundaries of basic geographic data.

[0077] Uncertainty quantification: The Monte Carlo simulation method is used to set the probability distribution (such as normal distribution or uniform distribution) for each source of uncertainty (such as sample plot measurement error and model parameter error). The probability distribution range of carbon storage parameters is calculated by multiple random samplings, and the width of the 95% confidence interval reflects the magnitude of uncertainty. At the same time, the uncertainty contribution rate is calculated to identify the key factors that have the greatest impact on the results (such as the sampling error of the sample plot survey data has the highest contribution rate).

[0078] Furthermore, in step S52, for non-integrated areas, considering the diverse types and multiple elements in ecological protection and restoration, a carbon sequestration measurement method that integrates multiple carbon sequestration types and elements is proposed. This method can achieve rapid and accurate measurement of carbon sequestration in ecological protection and restoration, and supports spatial visualization of the calculation results.

[0079] Based on the location of the non-integrated area and the secondary classification of the land category to which the corresponding carbon layer belongs, the corresponding carbon sequestration rate is selected from the carbon sequestration rate database. The carbon sink of each carbon layer in the non-integrated area is calculated and integrated according to the selected carbon sequestration rate, carbon layer type and corresponding area to obtain the carbon sink calculation result of the non-integrated area.

[0080] If the carbon layer type in the non-merged region includes both carbon layers with newly added carbon sequestration capacity and carbon layers with enhanced carbon sequestration capacity, then the carbon sequestration calculation result for the non-merged region is the sum of the carbon sequestration increment of the carbon layers with newly added carbon sequestration capacity and the carbon sequestration increment of the carbon layers with enhanced carbon sequestration capacity. The calculation formula is as follows: (1) in, The incremental carbon sequestration from ecological protection and restoration during the current accounting period t. ; The carbon sink increment of the i-th newly added carbon sink capacity carbon layer in the current accounting period t. ; This represents the carbon sequestration increment of the s-th carbon sequestration-enhancing carbon layer during the current accounting period t. N and M represent the number of newly added carbon sequestration capacity carbon layers and the number of carbon sequestration capacity-enhancing carbon layers, respectively; t represents the t-th calculation period after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration.

[0081] The carbon sequestration increment generated by different types is equal to the carbon sequestration during the accounting period of the ecological protection and restoration area minus the carbon sequestration before the implementation of restoration measures. That is, the carbon sequestration increment of the newly added carbon sequestration capacity carbon layer is the carbon sequestration after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration, and the carbon sequestration increment of the carbon sequestration capacity-enhancing carbon layer is the difference between the carbon sequestration after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration and the carbon sequestration before the implementation of ecological protection and restoration. The calculation formula is as follows: (2) (3) in, This refers to the carbon sequestration increment of all newly added carbon sequestration capacity carbon layers in the current accounting period t. ; For all newly added carbon sink capacity carbon layers in the current accounting period t, the carbon sink capacity is... ; Carbon sequestration capacity of all newly added carbon sequestration layers prior to ecological protection and restoration. This is the period prior to the implementation of ecological protection and restoration; For the carbon sequestration of all carbon layers that enhance carbon sequestration capacity during the current accounting period t To enhance the carbon sequestration capacity of all carbon layers prior to ecological protection and restoration. The carbon sequestration increment of all carbon sequestration-enhancing carbon layers in the current accounting period t. .

[0082] For newly added carbon sequestration capacity projects For projects aimed at enhancing carbon sequestration capacity, Carbon sinks before ecological protection and restoration are implemented.

[0083] If the carbon layer type in the non-fusion region only includes carbon layers with new carbon sequestration capacity or carbon layers with enhanced carbon sequestration capacity, then the carbon sequestration increment in the non-fusion region is calculated according to formula (2) or formula (3).

[0084] Carbon sequestration measurement methods based on multiple land categories: The carbon sink for both types of carbon layers takes land category into account, and the calculation method is as follows: (4) in, For all newly added carbon sequestration capacity-type carbon layers / carbon sequestration capacity-enhancing carbon layers in the current accounting period t, the carbon sequestration capacity is... For the current accounting period t, the newly added carbon sequestration capacity type carbon layer / enhanced carbon sequestration capacity type carbon layer is the carbon sequestration of forest land. For the current accounting period t, the newly added carbon sequestration capacity type carbon layer / enhanced carbon sequestration capacity type carbon layer is the carbon sequestration of grassland. For the current accounting period t, the newly added carbon sequestration capacity type carbon layer / enhanced carbon sequestration capacity type carbon layer is the carbon sequestration of aquatic wetlands. For the current accounting period t, the newly added carbon sequestration capacity type carbon layer / enhanced carbon sequestration capacity type carbon layer is the carbon sequestration of arable land. j represents the number of corresponding secondary categories; k f Forest land types include arbor forests, bamboo forests, shrub forests, and other forest lands; k g Grassland types include natural grassland, artificial grassland, and other grasslands; k w This refers to aquatic wetland types, including mangroves, forest swamps, shrub swamps, and other aquatic and wetland areas; k c It refers to the types of arable land, including paddy fields, irrigated land, and dry land.

[0085] Carbon sequestration calculation methods under each secondary category: The carbon fixation rate was calculated using the coefficient method from the carbon fixation rate database: woodland: (5) in, Carbon sinks for forest land Forest area corresponding to carbon layer (hm) 2 ), Carbon sequestration rate of the selected forest land .

[0086] grassland: (6) in, Carbon sink for grasslands The area of ​​grassland corresponding to the carbon layer (hm) 2 ), Carbon sequestration rate of the selected grassland .

[0087] Waters and wetlands: (7) in, Carbon sinks for aquatic wetlands The corresponding area of ​​aquatic wetlands (hm²) of carbon layer 2 ), Carbon sequestration rate of the selected aquatic wetlands .

[0088] arable land: (8) in, Carbon sequestration for arable land The area of ​​cultivated land corresponding to the carbon layer (hm) 2 ), Carbon sequestration rate of the selected farmland .

[0089] In step S53, for the fusion region with vector data, the corresponding carbon fixation rate is determined according to the plant category of each carbon layer in the fusion region, and the carbon sink of each carbon layer is calculated. The carbon sinks of the calculated carbon layers are integrated to obtain the carbon sink calculation result of the fusion region.

[0090] In step S54, the carbon sink results of the non-fusion region and the carbon sink results of the fusion region are added together to obtain the carbon sink calculation results of the region to be calculated where the engineering vector data is incomplete.

[0091] Furthermore, in step S5, based on the carbon layer division results obtained from the complete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, the corresponding carbon fixation rate is determined according to the plant category of the carbon layer, and the carbon sink of each carbon layer is calculated. The carbon sinks of the calculated carbon layers are integrated to obtain the carbon sink calculation results of the area to be calculated.

[0092] Carbon fixation rates for different plant species can be found in existing data.

[0093] refer to Figure 5 In some embodiments, a carbon sink calculation device based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning is provided, comprising: Data acquisition module 201 is used to acquire vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects in the area to be calculated and to determine its integrity; The first carbon layer division module 202 is used to perform carbon layer division on different land categories based on different division factors for complete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, and obtain carbon layer division results. Data fusion module 203 is used to obtain corresponding land change data for incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, and to perform spatial fusion and attribute fusion of the land change data and incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data to obtain carbon layer division base plate data. The second carbon layer segmentation module 204 is used to determine the fusion area and non-fusion area based on the carbon layer segmentation base plate data, perform carbon layer segmentation on different land categories for the fusion area based on different segmentation factors, and perform carbon layer segmentation on the non-fusion area based on land change data to obtain carbon layer segmentation results. The carbon sink calculation module 205 is used to calculate the carbon sink based on the carbon layer division results.

[0094] Furthermore, the data fusion module 203 acquires the corresponding land change data, including: Acquire the first remote sensing image data of the area to be calculated before ecological protection and restoration are implemented, and the second remote sensing image data after ecological protection and restoration are implemented. The first and second remote sensing image data are classified and identified to obtain the first land use / cover data and the second land use / cover data, respectively. The land change data is obtained by spatially overlaying the first land use / cover data and the second land use / cover data.

[0095] Furthermore, the data fusion module 203 performs spatial and attribute fusion of the land change data and the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, including: To obtain point and surface data and their attribute information from incomplete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects; Obtain the land parcel map of the land change data; The point and area data of the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data are integrated into the corresponding positions of the land parcels, and attribute information is added to obtain the carbon layer division base plate data.

[0096] Furthermore, the classification factors include data type, construction time, plant type, and carbon sequestration capacity; the land categories include forest land, grassland, water and wetland, and arable land. The first carbon layer partitioning module 202 performs carbon layer partitioning on the complete ecological protection and restoration project vector data based on different partitioning factors for different land categories, or the second carbon layer partitioning module performs carbon layer partitioning on the merged area based on different partitioning factors for different land categories, obtaining carbon layer partitioning results, including: Divide the complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects or the areas with consistent land categories in the fused region into sub-regions; For sub-regions with land category of forest land, an initial division is performed based on the data type to obtain the first-level forest land division result. Each first-level forest land division result is then divided according to the construction time to obtain the second-level forest land division result. Each second-level forest land result is then divided according to the plant type to obtain the forest land carbon layer division result. For sub-regions with grassland as the land category, the grassland carbon layer is divided based on the construction time to obtain grassland carbon layer division results; For sub-regions with land category of water wetland, an initial division is made based on the construction time to obtain the first-level division result of water wetland. Each first-level division result of water wetland is divided according to plant type to obtain the second-level division result of water wetland. Each second-level division result of water wetland is divided according to carbon sequestration capacity to obtain the carbon layer division result of water wetland. For sub-regions classified as arable land, the arable land carbon layer is divided based on the construction time to obtain the arable land carbon layer division results.

[0097] Furthermore, the fused region is the fused portion of land change data and incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data in the carbon layer partitioning base plate data, and the remaining region is the non-fused region; The second carbon layer partitioning module performs carbon layer partitioning on the non-fusion region based on land change data, including: Based on the land change data, identify the land categories in non-integrated areas before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration; Non-integrated areas whose land categories changed before and after ecological protection and restoration were classified into new carbon sink capacity carbon layers according to the secondary classification of land categories after ecological protection and restoration. Non-integrated areas whose land categories did not change before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration will be classified into carbon layers with enhanced carbon sequestration capacity according to their secondary land category classification.

[0098] Further, the carbon sink calculation module 205 calculates the carbon sink based on the carbon layer partitioning results, including: For carbon layer delineation results obtained based on incomplete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, a carbon sequestration rate database containing different regions and different land types is pre-established; Based on the location of the non-fusion region and the secondary classification of the corresponding carbon layer, the corresponding carbon sequestration rate is selected from the carbon sequestration rate database. The carbon sink of each carbon layer in the non-fusion region is calculated and integrated according to the selected carbon sequestration rate, carbon layer type and corresponding area to obtain the carbon sink calculation result of the non-fusion region. Based on the plant species of each carbon layer in the fusion region, the corresponding carbon fixation rate is determined and the carbon sink of each carbon layer is calculated. The carbon sinks of the calculated carbon layers are then integrated to obtain the carbon sink calculation results of the fusion region. The carbon sequestration results of the non-integrated region and the integrated region are added together to obtain the carbon sequestration calculation result of the region to be calculated.

[0099] Furthermore, the carbon sink calculation result for non-converged areas is the sum of the carbon sink increment of newly added carbon sink capacity-type carbon layers and the carbon sink increment of carbon layers that enhance carbon sink capacity; The carbon sequestration increment of newly added carbon sequestration capacity carbon layers is the carbon sequestration after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration, while the carbon sequestration increment of carbon sequestration capacity-enhancing carbon layers is the difference between the carbon sequestration after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration and the carbon sequestration before the implementation of ecological protection and restoration.

[0100] Furthermore, the secondary classification of land type forest land includes trees, bamboo forests and shrubs; the secondary classification of land type grassland includes natural grassland and artificial grassland; the secondary classification of land type water and wetland includes mangroves, forest swamps and shrub swamps; and the secondary classification of land type cultivated land includes paddy fields, irrigated land and dry land.

[0101] Further, the carbon sink calculation module 205 calculates the carbon sink based on the carbon layer partitioning results, including: Based on the carbon layer division results obtained from the complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, the corresponding carbon fixation rate is determined according to the plant category of the carbon layer, and the carbon sink of each carbon layer is calculated. The carbon sinks of the calculated carbon layers are integrated to obtain the carbon sink calculation results of the area to be calculated.

[0102] The carbon sink calculation method and apparatus based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning provided in the above embodiments have at least the following beneficial effects: (1) Multi-dimensional carbon layer division is carried out for different land categories to maximize the uniformity of the obtained carbon layers, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent carbon sink calculations; (2) For incomplete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, it is fused with remote sensing data as the basis for carbon layer division, to ensure the accuracy of carbon layer division and further improve the accuracy of carbon sink calculation; (3) For incomplete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, a carbon sequestration rate database containing different regions and different land types should be established in advance to facilitate reading and improve the efficiency of carbon sink calculation; (4) The carbon layer is divided into specific new carbon sink types and improved carbon sink types, which is more in line with actual applications and further improves the accuracy of carbon sink calculation.

[0103] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention. Clearly, those skilled in the art can make various alterations and modifications to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Thus, if these modifications and modifications of the invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the invention is also intended to include these modifications and modifications.

Claims

1. A carbon sink calculation method based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning, characterized in that, include: Obtain vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects in the area to be calculated and determine its integrity; For complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, carbon layers are divided into different land categories based on different dividing factors to obtain carbon layer division results. For incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, the corresponding land change data is obtained, and the land change data is spatially fused and attribute fused with the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data to obtain carbon layer division base plate data. Based on the carbon layer partitioning base data, merged and non-merged areas are determined. Carbon layers are then applied to different land categories within the merged areas based on different partitioning factors. Carbon layers are then applied to the non-merged areas based on land change data to obtain carbon layer partitioning results. The carbon sink is calculated based on the carbon layer partitioning results.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the corresponding land change data, including: Acquire the first remote sensing image data of the area to be calculated before ecological protection and restoration are implemented, and the second remote sensing image data after ecological protection and restoration are implemented. The first and second remote sensing image data are classified and identified to obtain the first land use / cover data and the second land use / cover data, respectively. The land change data is obtained by spatially overlaying the first land use / cover data and the second land use / cover data.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The land change data is spatially fused and attribute-fused with incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, including: To obtain point and surface data and their attribute information of incomplete vector data for ecological protection and restoration projects; Obtain the land parcel map of the land change data; The point and area data of the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data are integrated into the corresponding positions of the land parcels, and attribute information is added to obtain the carbon layer division base plate data.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The classification factors include data type, construction time, plant type, and carbon sequestration capacity; the land categories include forest land, grassland, water and wetland, and arable land. Carbon layering is performed on complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects or fused areas, based on different delineation factors, for different land categories to obtain carbon layering results, including: The complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, or areas with consistent land categories within the fused region, are divided into sub-regions; For sub-regions with land category of forest land, an initial division is performed based on the data type to obtain the first-level forest land division result. Each first-level forest land division result is then divided according to the construction time to obtain the second-level forest land division result. Each second-level forest land result is then divided according to the plant type to obtain the forest land carbon layer division result. For sub-regions with grassland as the land category, the grassland carbon layer is divided based on the construction time to obtain grassland carbon layer division results; For sub-regions with land category of water wetland, an initial division is made based on the construction time to obtain the first-level division result of water wetland. Each first-level division result of water wetland is divided according to plant type to obtain the second-level division result of water wetland. Each second-level division result of water wetland is divided according to carbon sequestration capacity to obtain the carbon layer division result of water wetland. For sub-regions classified as arable land, the arable land carbon layer is divided based on the construction time to obtain the arable land carbon layer division results.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fusion region is the fusion part of land change data and incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data in the carbon layer division base plate data, and the remaining region is the non-fusion region; Carbon layering of the non-fusion region based on land change data includes: Based on the land change data, identify the land categories in non-integrated areas before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration; Non-integrated areas whose land categories changed before and after ecological protection and restoration were classified into new carbon sink capacity carbon layers according to the secondary classification of land categories after ecological protection and restoration. Non-integrated areas whose land categories did not change before and after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration will be classified into carbon layers with enhanced carbon sequestration capacity according to their secondary land category classification.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Calculating the carbon sink based on the carbon layer partitioning results includes: For carbon layer division results obtained based on incomplete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, a carbon sequestration rate database containing secondary classifications of different regions and different land categories is pre-established. Based on the location of the non-integrated area and the secondary classification of the land category to which the corresponding carbon layer belongs, the corresponding carbon sequestration rate is selected from the carbon sequestration rate database. The carbon sink of each carbon layer in the non-integrated area is calculated and integrated according to the selected carbon sequestration rate, carbon layer type and corresponding area to obtain the carbon sink calculation result of the non-integrated area. Based on the plant species of each carbon layer in the fusion region, the corresponding carbon fixation rate is determined and the carbon sink of each carbon layer is calculated. The carbon sinks of the calculated carbon layers are then integrated to obtain the carbon sink calculation results of the fusion region. The carbon sequestration results of the non-integrated region and the integrated region are added together to obtain the carbon sequestration calculation result of the region to be calculated.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The carbon sink calculation result for non-converged areas is the sum of the carbon sink increment of newly added carbon sink capacity carbon layers and the carbon sink increment of carbon layers that enhance carbon sink capacity; The carbon sequestration increment of newly added carbon sequestration capacity carbon layers is the carbon sequestration after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration, while the carbon sequestration increment of carbon sequestration capacity-enhancing carbon layers is the difference between the carbon sequestration after the implementation of ecological protection and restoration and the carbon sequestration before the implementation of ecological protection and restoration.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The secondary classification of land as forest land includes trees, bamboo forests, and shrubs; the secondary classification of land as grassland includes natural grassland and artificial grassland; the secondary classification of land as aquatic wetland includes mangroves, forest swamps, and shrub swamps; and the secondary classification of land as cultivated land includes paddy fields, irrigated land, and dry land.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculating the carbon sink based on the carbon layer partitioning results includes: Based on the carbon layer division results obtained from the complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, the corresponding carbon fixation rate is determined according to the plant category of the carbon layer, and the carbon sink of each carbon layer is calculated. The carbon sinks of the calculated carbon layers are integrated to obtain the carbon sink calculation results of the area to be calculated.

10. A carbon sink calculation device based on multidimensional carbon layer partitioning, characterized in that, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects in the area to be calculated and to determine their integrity. The first carbon layer partitioning module is used to perform carbon layer partitioning on different land categories based on different partitioning factors on the complete vector data of ecological protection and restoration projects, and obtain carbon layer partitioning results. The data fusion module is used to obtain corresponding land change data from incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data, and to perform spatial and attribute fusion of the land change data with the incomplete ecological protection and restoration engineering vector data to obtain carbon layer division base plate data. The second carbon layer segmentation module is used to determine the fused and non-fused regions based on the carbon layer segmentation base plate data, perform carbon layer segmentation on different land categories for the fused regions based on different segmentation factors, and perform carbon layer segmentation on the non-fused regions based on land change data to obtain carbon layer segmentation results. The carbon sink calculation module is used to calculate the carbon sink based on the carbon layer division results.

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