A protection device for lithium battery protection board

Abstract

The application discloses a protection device for a lithium battery protection plate and relates to the technical field of mechanical structures and protection design. The protection device comprises an outer frame, the upper surface of the outer frame is provided with a cover plate, the lower surface of the cover plate is fixedly connected with an extension plate, the extension plate is tightly combined with the inner cavity of the outer frame, the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer frame is fixedly connected with a battery protection plate, two extension grooves are formed in the two sides of the outer frame, the upper surface of the battery protection plate is fixedly connected with two protection plate nickel sheets at both ends, the surface of the protection plate nickel sheet is connected with a battery connecting sheet through a screw, the positioning structure forcibly restricts the uncertain position and posture of the electric wire caused by the self strength of the electric wire, deviation of the position of the external electric wire is avoided, the clamping mechanism independently applies controllable pressure to guarantee electrical contact, this sequence effectively avoids poor contact and stress on the welding point caused by displacement, twisting or stress rebound of the electric wire, and simultaneously makes the positioning structure bear external pulling force, so that internal precision elements are protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical structure and protective design technology, specifically a protective device for lithium battery protection boards. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy technologies, lithium batteries are widely used in electric two-wheelers, outdoor energy storage power supplies, industrial power tools and large-scale energy storage power stations due to their advantages such as high energy density and long cycle life. In the above application scenarios, the lithium battery protection board (BMS) is the nerve center of the battery pack, responsible for real-time monitoring of cell voltage, current and temperature status. Its operational stability directly determines the safety performance and service life of the battery pack.

[0003] However, in practical engineering applications and industrial mass production, the installation and protection of protective plates face severe challenges, specifically in the following aspects: First, there are mandatory safety regulations in complex environments. According to the national standards GB43854-2024 "Lithium-ion Batteries and Battery Packs for Electric Bicycles" and GB31241-2022 "Safety Requirements for Lithium-ion Batteries and Battery Packs for Portable Electronic Products", lithium battery packs must have fire resistance, protection against electric shock, protection against short circuits caused by foreign objects, and vibration resistance. Traditional exposed circuit boards or simple barley paper insulation methods are difficult to meet the mandatory requirements of high-level safety certification for enclosure protection rating (IPXX) and flame retardant rating (V-0).

[0004] Secondly, there are issues with mechanical stress and physical damage. During battery pack assembly and maintenance, the protection board often has to withstand cable pulling, mechanical impact, and vibration loads. In existing technologies, direct cable ties or simple slots are commonly used for fixing, which cannot effectively counteract the rebound force of the cables and external vibrations. This can easily lead to the breakage of the solder joints of the protection board, short circuits in the connecting wires, and even safety accidents such as circuit board burning and bulging, seriously affecting the after-sales reliability and yield of the product.

[0005] Secondly, there is a conflict between maintenance efficiency and integration. For high-power energy storage and vehicle-mounted scenarios, regular inspection and condition monitoring are essential. Traditional protection solutions often enclose the protection board inside the overall battery pack casing. Once a fault occurs, the entire battery pack must be disassembled for repair, which is cumbersome and costly.

[0006] Therefore, a protective device for the lithium battery protection board is required. Under the premise of meeting high-strength safety protection, the protection board can be quickly disassembled and modularly maintained. The protective device completely encloses the lithium battery protection board inside a sealed or semi-sealed shell, forming an independent protective chamber. In daily operation, the shock-absorbing buffer layer of the shell plays its role first, absorbing external mechanical impact and vibration energy, and preventing electronic components, solder joints or circuits on the protection board from breaking or falling off due to physical impact.

[0007] The connection between the protection board and the external wire is often made with screws. However, the connection area between the protection board and the external wire is small and the material of the connecting piece is soft. When the external wire is pulled by the outside, this stress will be directly transmitted to the fragile battery connecting piece of the protection board, which can easily cause the connecting piece to deform, leading to intermittent power loss or complete failure of the battery pack. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a protective device for lithium battery protection boards, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0009] Technical solution To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a protective device for a lithium battery protection board, comprising an outer frame, a cover plate provided on the upper surface of the outer frame, an extension plate fixedly connected to the lower surface of the cover plate, the extension plate extending into the inner cavity of the outer frame, and the extension plate being tightly fitted with the inner cavity of the outer frame; A battery protection plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer frame. Two insertion slots are opened on both sides of the outer frame. Two protection plate nickel plates are fixedly connected to both ends of the upper surface of the battery protection plate. A battery connecting piece is connected to the surface of the protection plate nickel plate by screws. An external wire is guided to the end of the battery connecting piece away from the battery protection plate. One end of the external wire passes through the insertion slot and is located on the outside of the outer frame. The cover plate is equipped with a disassembly and assembly mechanism that facilitates quick adjustment of the battery protection board inside the outer frame, and the outer frame is equipped with a positioning mechanism.

[0010] Preferably, the disassembly and assembly mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged outward sliding grooves inside the extension plate. A sliding lever is slidably connected inside each outward sliding groove. Pressure grooves are formed on the inner walls of both sides of the outward sliding groove away from the external wire. Pressure sliders are fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding lever away from the external wire, and the pressure sliders are slidably connected to the interior of adjacent pressure grooves. A pressure spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of each pressure groove, and the pressure spring is fixedly connected to the pressure slider. An inclined surface is formed below the ends of the two sliding levers that are far apart from each other. Two symmetrically arranged locking grooves are formed in the inner cavity of the outer frame. An adjustment mechanism is provided above the disassembly and assembly mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment groove formed on the inner wall above the outward expansion slide groove. An adjustment circular plate is rotatably connected inside the adjustment groove. Two arc-shaped grooves are formed in a circumferential array on the surface of the adjustment circular plate. The two ends of the arc-shaped grooves gradually approach the center line of the adjustment circular plate from the outside to the inside. A drive shaft is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sliding lever. The drive shaft extends into the interior of the adjacent arc-shaped groove. A knob groove is formed on the upper surface of the cover plate. A rotary knob is rotatably connected inside the knob groove. A connecting groove is formed between the knob groove and the outward expansion slide groove. A central connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the adjustment circular plate. The central connecting shaft passes through the connecting groove and is fixedly connected to the rotary knob.

[0012] Preferably, the positioning mechanism includes two fixed pressure blocks symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall below the insertion groove. Two through grooves are symmetrically opened inside the outer frame. A driving pressure rod is slidably connected inside the through groove. The driving pressure rod passes through the outer frame and is located on the upper side of the outer frame, on the sliding path of the cover plate. Two driving grooves are symmetrically opened inside the outer frame, communicating with the through grooves. A lower pressure crossbar is slidably connected inside the driving groove. A sliding groove is opened inside the lower pressure crossbar, and the driving pressure rod is slidably connected inside the sliding groove. Two side grooves are symmetrically opened on the inner wall of the sliding groove. Side sliding plates are fixedly connected to both sides of the driving pressure rod, extending into the adjacent side grooves. A connecting spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the side groove, and the connecting spring is fixedly connected to the side sliding plate. Multiple sliding pressure blocks are provided on the lower surface of the lower pressure crossbar. A reset mechanism is provided on the surface of the driving pressure rod, and a power mechanism is provided below the driving pressure rod.

[0013] Preferably, the sliding pressure block extends into the adjacent insertion groove, the sliding pressure block and the adjacent fixed pressure block are aligned one by one, and a V-shaped groove is provided on the side of the sliding pressure block and the fixed pressure block that are close to each other.

[0014] Preferably, the reset mechanism includes a reset groove formed on the inner wall of the through slot near the battery protection board, a reset slider is slidably connected inside the reset groove, the reset slider is fixedly connected to the drive pressure rod, and a reset spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reset groove.

[0015] Preferably, the power mechanism includes a vertical slide groove formed on the inner wall below the through groove, a pressure connecting rod slidably connected inside the vertical slide groove, a plurality of adjusting plates provided at the lower end of the pressure connecting rod, the center line of the adjusting plate being aligned with the center line of the adjacent fixed pressure block, a support spring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical slide groove, the support spring being fixedly connected to the pressure connecting rod, and a clamping mechanism provided on one side of the adjusting plate.

[0016] Preferably, the clamping mechanism includes a transverse slide groove formed on the inner wall of the vertical slide groove near the battery connecting piece. The transverse slide groove passes through the outer frame and communicates with the insertion groove. Two oblique slide grooves are symmetrically formed on the surface of the adjusting plate. The two oblique slide grooves are V-shaped. Limiting rods are symmetrically slidably connected inside the transverse slide grooves. An extension rod is fixedly connected to the lower end of the limiting rod near the adjusting plate. The extension rod extends into the interior of the oblique slide groove. Guide grooves are formed on both inner walls of the transverse slide grooves. Guide blocks are fixedly connected to both sides of the limiting rod. The guide blocks extend into the interior of adjacent guide grooves. A limiting block is fixedly connected to the upper end of the limiting rod. The limiting block is located inside the insertion groove. A slot is formed on the side of the two limiting blocks that are close to each other.

[0017] Beneficial effects The protective device for lithium battery protection boards provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the combined use of the disassembly and adjustment mechanisms and the snap-fit ​​connection, when the battery protection board malfunctions, the cover can be quickly opened for inspection, replacement, or repair without removing multiple screws, significantly shortening maintenance time. Furthermore, when debugging the connection between the battery protection board and the lithium battery, the easy-to-open design allows R&D and quality control personnel to flexibly switch between simulating real working conditions with the cover closed and conducting internal measurements with the cover open. This ensures the accuracy of heat dissipation, insulation, and electromagnetic compatibility verification of the final product in a closed state, while also providing operational convenience for troubleshooting and parameter adjustment.

[0018] 2. The positioning structure forcibly constrains the uncertain position and posture of the wire due to its own force, avoiding deviation of the external wire position. The clamping mechanism then independently applies controllable pressure to ensure electrical contact. This sequence effectively avoids poor contact and stress on the solder joint caused by wire displacement, torsion or stress rebound. At the same time, the positioning structure bears the external pulling force, thereby protecting the internal precision components. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the extension plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the interior of the extension plate of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting circular plate connection structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the driving pressure rod position structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a front view of the interior of the vertical groove of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified view of part A in the image; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the downward pressure bar of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reset slot of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the adjusting plate of the present invention; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 10 A magnified view of part B in the image; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting lever connection structure of the present invention.

[0020] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Outer frame; 11. Cover plate; 12. Extension plate; 2. Insertion groove; 21. Battery protection plate; 22. Protection plate nickel sheet; 23. Battery connecting piece; 24. External wire; 3. Outward expansion groove; 31. Sliding lever; 32. Pressure groove; 33. Pressure spring; 34. Pressure slider; 35. Locking groove; 4. Adjustment groove; 41. Adjustment disc; 42. Arc groove; 43. Drive shaft; 44. Central connecting shaft; 45. Knob groove; 46. Rotation knob; 5. Drive groove; 5 1. Downward pressure bar; 52. Sliding pressure block; 53. Fixed pressure block; 54. Through groove; 55. Drive pressure bar; 56. Side groove; 57. Side sliding plate; 58. Connecting spring; 59. Sliding groove; 6. Reset groove; 61. Reset slider; 62. Reset spring; 7. Vertical slide groove; 71. Pressure connecting rod; 72. Adjusting plate; 73. Support spring; 74. Inclined slide groove; 75. Extension rod; 76. Horizontal slide groove; 77. Guide groove; 78. Limiting rod; 79. Guide block; 710. Limiting block. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] refer to Figures 1 to 13A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a protective device for a lithium battery protection board, which will be described in detail below. The device includes an outer frame 1, a cover plate 11 on the upper surface of the outer frame 1, an extension plate 12 fixedly connected to the lower surface of the cover plate 11, the extension plate 12 extending into the inner cavity of the outer frame 1, the extension plate 12 being tightly fitted to the inner cavity of the outer frame 1, a battery protection board 21 fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer frame 1, two insertion slots 2 on both sides of the outer frame 1, and two protective plate nickel sheets 22 fixedly connected to both ends of the upper surface of the battery protection board 21. The protective plate nickel sheets 22 have symmetrically arranged mounting holes on their surfaces. A battery connecting piece 23 is connected to the surface of the nickel sheet 22 of the protection board by screws. An external wire 24 is guided to the end of the battery connecting piece 23 away from the battery protection board 21. One end of the external wire 24 passes through the insertion groove 2 and is located on the outside of the outer frame 1. The external wire 24, which is connected to the lithium battery, passes through the insertion groove 2 and extends into the interior of the outer frame 1. It achieves a conductive connection through the connection between the battery connecting piece 23 and the nickel sheet 22 of the protection board. The insertion groove 2 through which the external wire passes also serves as a heat dissipation airflow channel to achieve natural heat dissipation and ensure the temperature stability of the protection board inside the outer frame 1 under continuous working conditions.

[0023] The cover plate 11 is equipped with a disassembly and assembly mechanism that facilitates quick debugging of the battery protection board 21 inside the outer frame 1. The outer frame 1 is equipped with a positioning mechanism. The disassembly and assembly mechanism controls the connection between the outer frame 1 and the cover plate 11, thereby facilitating the installation and debugging of the battery protection board 21.

[0024] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 The disassembly and assembly mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged outward sliding grooves 3 inside the extension plate 12. A sliding lever 31 is slidably connected inside the outward sliding groove 3. Pressure grooves 32 are formed on the inner walls of both sides of the outward sliding groove 3 on the side away from the external wire 24. Pressure sliders 34 are fixedly connected to both sides of the sliding lever 31 on the side away from the external wire 24. The pressure sliders 34 are slidably connected inside the adjacent pressure grooves 32. Pressure springs 33 are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the pressure grooves 32. The pressure springs 33 are fixedly connected to the pressure sliders 34 and are located near the pressure sliders 34. On the side near the external wire 24, the pressure spring 33 applies elastic force to the pressure slider 34. The two sliding rods 31 have inclined surfaces below their ends that are far apart from each other. The inner cavity of the outer frame 1 has two symmetrically arranged slots 35. An adjustment mechanism is provided above the disassembly and assembly mechanism. The frame wall of the outer frame 1 is located on the sliding path of the inclined surface of the sliding rod 31. The sliding rod 31 extends into the adjacent slots 35. Initially, the cover plate 11 is not connected to the outer frame 1. At this time, the sliding rod 31 extends out of the interior of the extension plate 12 under the push of the pressure spring 33. At this time, the pressure spring 33 is in its normal state.

[0025] like Figure 4 and Figure 5In the adjustment mechanism, there is an adjustment groove 4 on the inner wall above the outward expansion slide 3. An adjustment disc 41 is rotatably connected inside the adjustment groove 4. Two arc-shaped grooves 42 are arranged in a circumferential array on the surface of the adjustment disc 41. The two ends of the arc-shaped grooves 42 gradually approach the center line of the adjustment disc 41 from the outside to the inside. A drive shaft 43 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sliding lever 31. The drive shaft 43 extends into the interior of the adjacent arc-shaped grooves 42. A knob groove 45 is opened on the upper surface of the cover plate 11. A rotating knob 46 is rotatably connected inside the knob groove 45. A connecting groove is opened between the knob groove 45 and the outward expansion slide 3. A central connecting shaft 44 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the adjustment disc 41. The central connecting shaft 44 passes through the connecting groove and is fixedly connected to the rotating knob 46. Initially, the drive shaft 43 is located inside the arc-shaped groove 42 at the end away from the center line of the central connecting shaft 44.

[0026] like Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 In the positioning mechanism, there are two fixed pressure blocks 53 symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall below the insertion groove 2. The fixed pressure blocks 53 are aligned with the mounting holes on the surface of the nickel sheet 22 of the protective plate. Two through grooves 54 are symmetrically opened inside the outer frame 1. A driving pressure rod 55 is slidably connected inside the through groove 54. The driving pressure rod 55 passes through the outer frame 1 and is located on the upper side of the outer frame 1. The driving pressure rod 55 is located on the sliding path of the cover plate 11. Two driving grooves 5 are symmetrically opened inside the outer frame 1. The driving grooves 5 are connected to the through grooves 54. A downward pressing crossbar 51 is slidably connected inside the driving groove 5. A sliding groove 59 is opened inside the downward pressing crossbar 51. The driving pressure rod 55 is slidably connected inside the sliding groove 59. Two side grooves 56 are symmetrically opened on the inner wall of the sliding groove 59. Side sliding plates 57 are fixedly connected to both sides of the driving pressure rod 55. The sliding plate 57 extends into the interior of the adjacent side groove 56. A connecting spring 58 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the side groove 56. The connecting spring 58 is fixedly connected to the side sliding plate 57 and is located below the side sliding plate 57. The connecting spring 58 applies an upward elastic force to the side sliding plate 57. Multiple sliding blocks 52 are provided on the lower surface of the pressing crossbar 51. A reset mechanism is provided on the surface of the driving rod 55. A power mechanism is provided below the driving rod 55. The sliding blocks 52 extend into the interior of the adjacent insertion groove 2. The sliding blocks 52 are aligned with the adjacent fixed blocks 53. V-shaped grooves are provided on the sides of the sliding blocks 52 and the fixed blocks 53 that are close to each other. Initially, the driving rod 55 extends out of the interior of the outer frame 1, and the side sliding plate 57 is located inside the upper end of the side groove 56. At this time, the through groove 54 is in the normal state.

[0027] like Figure 10In the reset mechanism, there is a reset groove 6 formed on the inner wall of the through groove 54 near the battery protection board 21. A reset slider 61 is slidably connected inside the reset groove 6. The reset slider 61 is fixedly connected to the drive pressure rod 55. A reset spring 62 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reset groove 6. The reset spring 62 is located below the reset slider 61. The reset spring 62 applies a spring force to the reset slider 61. Initially, the reset slider 61 is located inside the upper end of the reset groove 6. At this time, the reset spring 62 is in the normal state, and the sliding distance of the drive pressure rod 55 is greater than the sliding distance of the lower pressure bar 51.

[0028] like Figure 6 and Figures 11 to 13 In the power mechanism, there is a vertical slide groove 7 formed on the inner wall below the through groove 54. A pressure connecting rod 71 is slidably connected inside the vertical slide groove 7. Multiple adjusting plates 72 are provided at the lower end of the pressure connecting rod 71. The center line of the adjusting plate 72 is aligned with the center line of the nearby fixed pressure block 53. A support spring 73 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical slide groove 7. The support spring 73 is fixedly connected to the pressure connecting rod 71. A clamping mechanism is provided on one side of the adjusting plate 72. The support spring 73 is located below the pressure connecting rod 71. The support spring 73 applies an upward elastic force to the pressure connecting rod 71. The pressure connecting rod 71 is located on the sliding path of the driving pressure rod 55. Initially, the pressure connecting rod 71 is located inside the upper end of the vertical slide groove 7. The support spring 73 is in the normal state, and the driving pressure rod 55 is not in contact with the pressure connecting rod 71.

[0029] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 The clamping mechanism includes a transverse slide groove 76 formed on the inner wall of the vertical slide groove 7 near the battery connecting piece 23. The transverse slide groove 76 passes through the outer frame 1 and is connected to the insertion groove 2. Two oblique slide grooves 74 are symmetrically formed on the surface of the adjusting plate 72. The two oblique slide grooves 74 are V-shaped. Limiting rods 78 are symmetrically slidably connected inside the transverse slide groove 76. An extension rod 75 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the limiting rod 78 near the adjusting plate 72. The extension rod 75 extends into the interior of the oblique slide groove 74. Guide grooves 77 are formed on both sides of the inner wall of the transverse slide groove 76. Guide blocks 79 are fixedly connected to both sides of the limiting rod 78. The guide blocks 79 extend into the adjacent guide grooves. Inside 77, the guide block 79 slides inside the guide groove 77, thereby driving the limiting rod 78 to slide back and forth stably along the direction of the guide groove 77. The upper end of the limiting rod 78 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 710. The limiting rod 78 and the limiting block 710 are located behind the sliding pressure block 52 and the fixed pressure block 53. The limiting block 710 is located inside the extension groove 2. The two limiting blocks 710 have slots on the side that are close to each other. The axis of the limiting block 710 is aligned with the axis of the V-shaped groove of the fixed pressure block 53. Initially, the extension rod 75 is located inside the lower end of the inclined slide groove 74. At this time, the limiting blocks 710 move away from each other under the action of the limiting rod 78.

[0030] Working principle: After the battery protection board 21 and the nickel sheet 22 of the protection board are connected and debugged, and the outer frame 1 is sealed to protect the battery protection board 21, the operator extends the extension plate 12 into the outer frame 1. During the process of the extension plate 12 extending into the outer frame 1, the sliding rod 31 slides down synchronously under the drive of the extension plate 12. During this process, the inclined surface of the sliding rod 31 contacts the frame wall of the outer frame 1, thereby pushing the sliding rods 31 on both sides into the outward expansion groove 3 by applying a pushing force to the inclined surface of the sliding rod 31. Inside, the pressure spring 33 is compressed under the drive of the sliding rod 31. As the extension plate 12 extends into the outer frame 1, the sliding rod 31 slides down synchronously along the inner cavity of the outer frame 1. When the lower surface of the cover plate 11 is tightly attached to the upper surface of the outer frame 1, the sliding rod 31 is aligned with the locking groove 35. Under the elastic force of the pressure spring 33, the sliding rod 31 extends into the interior of the locking groove 35, thereby restricting the position of the cover plate 11 through the extension plate 12, thus realizing the quick installation between the outer frame 1 and the cover plate 11. When the cover plate 11 on the surface of the outer frame 1 is disassembled, the rotary knob 46 is manually turned. The rotary knob 46 drives the adjusting disc 41 to rotate synchronously through the central connecting shaft 44. The rotation of the adjusting disc 41 provides a pulling force to the drive shaft 43 in the direction of the center line of the central connecting shaft 44 through the inner wall of the surface arc groove 42. This pulls the two sliding latches 31 to retract into the extension plate 12, thereby releasing the restriction relationship between the locking groove 35 and the sliding latches 31. By lifting the rotary knob 46, the extension plate 12 can be pulled out from the inside of the outer frame 1, thereby realizing the quick disassembly between the outer frame 1 and the cover plate 11. By using the disassembly and adjustment mechanisms in conjunction with the snap-fit ​​connection, when the battery protection board 21 malfunctions, the cover 11 can be quickly opened for inspection, replacement, or repair without removing multiple screws, significantly shortening maintenance time. Furthermore, when debugging the connection between the battery protection board 21 and the lithium battery, the easy-to-open design allows R&D and quality control personnel to flexibly switch between simulating real working conditions with the cover closed and performing internal measurements with the cover open. This ensures the accuracy of heat dissipation, insulation, and electromagnetic compatibility verification of the final product in a closed state, while also providing operational convenience for troubleshooting and parameter adjustment.

[0031] During the process of the cover plate 11 engaging with the outer frame 1, the cover plate 11 contacts the drive pressure rod 55 and applies a downward push force to the drive pressure rod 55, thereby pushing the drive pressure rod 55 to retract into the through groove 54. As the drive pressure rod 55 slides down, it applies a downward push force to the inner wall below the side groove 56 through the connecting spring 58, thereby pushing the lower pressure bar 51 to slide down synchronously. The lower pressure bar 51 slides down, causing multiple sliding pressure blocks 52 to slide down synchronously, causing the sliding pressure blocks 52 to move closer to the fixed pressure block 53, and applying a push force to the external wire 24 through the V-shaped groove. Under the push force of the two V-shaped grooves moving closer together, the external wire 24 extends into the outer frame 1 and gradually becomes horizontal. When the lower pressure bar 51 slides to the lower end of the drive groove 5, the sliding pressure block 52 and the fixed pressure block 53 are in contact, thereby achieving the positioning of the external wire 24, which facilitates subsequent clamping and fixing. As the driving rod 55 continues to slide down, it comes into contact with the pressure connecting rod 71. Since the lowering crossbar 51 cannot continue to slide, the driving rod 55 slides down along the sliding groove 59. At this time, the connecting spring 58 is compressed under the push of the driving rod 55. As the driving rod 55 continues to slide down, it pushes the pressure connecting rod 71 to slide down synchronously, thereby driving multiple adjusting plates 72 to slide down. During the sliding process of the adjusting plate 72, a thrust is given to the extension rod 75 through the inner wall of the surface inclined sliding groove 74. The extension rod 75 drives the two side limiting rods 78 to move closer to each other. When the extension rod 75 is located at the upper end of the inclined sliding groove 74, the two side limiting rods 78 clamp and fix the positioned external wire 24 through the limiting block 710. Due to the locking of the disassembly and assembly mechanism, the external wire 24 will always be in a clamped and fixed state during operation. The positioning structure forcibly constrains the uncertain position and posture of the wire due to its own force, avoiding deviation of the external wire position 24. The clamping mechanism then independently applies controllable pressure to ensure electrical contact. This sequence effectively avoids poor contact and stress on the solder joint caused by wire displacement, torsion or stress rebound, while allowing the positioning structure to bear the external pulling force, thereby protecting the internal precision components.

[0032] When the cover plate 11 detaches from the upper surface of the outer frame 1, the drive pressure rod 55 extends into the through groove 54 under the action of the return spring 62, and the pressure connecting rod 71 returns to the upper end of the vertical slide groove 7 under the elastic force of the support spring 73. At this time, the two limit blocks 710 move away from each other, releasing the clamping state of the external wire 24, and the downward pressing crossbar 51 returns to the upper end of the drive groove 5 under the drive of the drive pressure rod 55, releasing the positioning state of the external wire 24, thereby resetting the positioning mechanism and the clamping mechanism.

Claims

1. A protective device for a lithium battery protection board, comprising an outer frame (1), characterized in that: The upper surface of the outer frame (1) is provided with a cover plate (11), and the lower surface of the cover plate (11) is fixedly connected with an extension plate (12). The extension plate (12) extends to the inner cavity of the outer frame (1), and the extension plate (12) fits tightly with the inner cavity of the outer frame (1). A battery protection plate (21) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer frame (1). Two insertion slots (2) are opened on both sides of the outer frame (1). Two protection plate nickel plates (22) are fixedly connected to both ends of the upper surface of the battery protection plate (21). A battery connecting piece (23) is connected to the surface of the protection plate nickel plate (22) by screws. An external wire (24) is guided to the end of the battery connecting piece (23) away from the battery protection plate (21). One end of the external wire (24) passes through the insertion slot (2) and is located on the outside of the outer frame (1). The cover plate (11) is provided with a disassembly and assembly mechanism for quick adjustment of the battery protection board (21) inside the outer frame (1), and the outer frame (1) is provided with a positioning mechanism.

2. The protective device for a lithium battery protection board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disassembly and assembly mechanism includes two outwardly expanding slide grooves (3) symmetrically opened inside the extension plate (12). The inside of the outwardly expanding slide groove (3) is slidably connected to a sliding rod (31). Pressure grooves (32) are opened on both sides of the outwardly expanding slide groove (3) away from the external wire (24). Pressure sliders (34) are fixedly connected on both sides of the sliding rod (31) away from the external wire (24). The pressure sliders (34) are slidably connected to the inside of the adjacent pressure grooves (32). Pressure springs (33) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure grooves (32). The pressure springs (33) are fixedly connected to the pressure sliders (34). An inclined surface is opened below the two sliding rods (31) that are far apart from each other. Two locking grooves (35) are symmetrically opened in the inner cavity of the outer frame (1). An adjustment mechanism is provided above the disassembly and assembly mechanism.

3. The protective device for a lithium battery protection board according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment groove (4) on the inner wall above the outward expansion slide groove (3). An adjustment disc (41) is rotatably connected inside the adjustment groove (4). Two arc-shaped grooves (42) are arranged in a circular array on the surface of the adjustment disc (41). The two ends of the arc-shaped grooves (42) gradually approach the center line of the adjustment disc (41) from the outside to the inside. A drive shaft (43) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sliding lever (31). The drive shaft (43) extends into the interior of the adjacent arc-shaped grooves (42). A knob groove (45) is provided on the upper surface of the cover plate (11). A rotating knob (46) is rotatably connected inside the knob groove (45). A connecting groove is provided between the knob groove (45) and the outward expansion slide groove (3). A central connecting shaft (44) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the adjustment disc (41). The central connecting shaft (44) passes through the connecting groove and is fixedly connected to the rotating knob (46).

4. A protective device for a lithium battery protection board according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism includes two fixed pressure blocks (53) symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall below the insertion groove (2). The outer frame (1) has two symmetrically opened through grooves (54). A driving pressure rod (55) is slidably connected inside the through groove (54). The driving pressure rod (55) passes through the outer frame (1) and is located on the upper side of the outer frame (1). The driving pressure rod (55) is located on the sliding path of the cover plate (11). The outer frame (1) has two symmetrically opened driving grooves (5). The driving grooves (5) are connected to the through grooves (54). A downward pressing crossbar (51) is slidably connected inside the driving grooves (5). A sliding groove is opened inside the downward pressing crossbar (51). 59), the driving pressure rod (55) is slidably connected to the inside of the sliding groove (59), the inner wall of the sliding groove (59) has two symmetrically opened side grooves (56), the two sides of the driving pressure rod (55) are fixedly connected to the side slides (57), the side slides (57) extend into the interior of the adjacent side grooves (56), the inner wall of the side grooves (56) is fixedly connected to the connecting springs (58), the connecting springs (58) are fixedly connected to the side slides (57), the lower surface of the pressing crossbar (51) is provided with multiple sliding blocks (52), the surface of the driving pressure rod (55) is provided with a reset mechanism, and the lower part of the driving pressure rod (55) is provided with a power mechanism.

5. A protective device for a lithium battery protection board according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sliding block (52) extends into the adjacent insertion groove (2), and the sliding block (52) is aligned with the adjacent fixed block (53). The sliding block (52) and the fixed block (53) are both provided with V-shaped grooves on the side that are close to each other.

6. A protective device for a lithium battery protection board according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reset mechanism includes a reset groove (6) formed on the inner wall of the through groove (54) near the battery protection board (21). A reset slider (61) is slidably connected inside the reset groove (6). The reset slider (61) is fixedly connected to the drive pressure rod (55). A reset spring (62) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the reset groove (6).

7. A protective device for a lithium battery protection board according to claim 4, characterized in that: The power mechanism includes a vertical slide groove (7) formed on the inner wall below the through groove (54). A pressure connecting rod (71) is slidably connected inside the vertical slide groove (7). Multiple adjusting plates (72) are provided at the lower end of the pressure connecting rod (71). The center line of the adjusting plate (72) is aligned with the center line of the nearby fixed pressure block (53). A support spring (73) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the vertical slide groove (7). The support spring (73) is fixedly connected to the pressure connecting rod (71). A clamping mechanism is provided on one side of the adjusting plate (72).

8. A protective device for a lithium battery protection board according to claim 7, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a transverse slide groove (76) formed on the inner wall of the vertical slide groove (7) near the battery connecting piece (23). The transverse slide groove (76) passes through the outer frame (1) and is connected to the extension groove (2). Two oblique slide grooves (74) are symmetrically formed on the surface of the adjusting plate (72). The two oblique slide grooves (74) are in a figure-eight shape. Limiting rods (78) are symmetrically slidably connected inside the transverse slide groove (76). An extension rod (75) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the limiting rod (78) near the adjusting plate (72). The extension rod (75) extends into the interior of the inclined slide groove (74). The inner walls of both sides of the transverse slide groove (76) are provided with guide grooves (77). The two sides of the limiting rod (78) are fixedly connected with guide blocks (79). The guide blocks (79) extend into the interior of the adjacent guide grooves (77). The upper end of the limiting rod (78) is fixedly connected with a limiting block (710). The limiting block (710) is located inside the extension groove (2). The two limiting blocks (710) are provided with slots on the side that is close to each other.

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