Method and device for scheduling micro-grid with synergistic energy storage of electricity and hydrogen, and electronic equipment

Abstract

The application provides a kind of electric hydrogen synergic energy storage microgrid scheduling method, device and electronic equipment, method includes: obtaining the predicted data of microgrid in day-ahead time scale;According to the operation constraint of multiple energy units in microgrid, generate hour-level preliminary scheduling plan with the minimum total system operation cost as target;Obtain real-time monitoring information of microgrid in real-time time scale;Rolling correction is carried out to preliminary scheduling plan, and minute-level real-time scheduling instruction is generated;Control the operating power of multiple energy units and the interactive power with external power grid, according to the pressure information of different pressure level hydrogen storage units, adjust the flow of hydrogen between different pressure level hydrogen storage units.The method provided by the application takes into account the real-time influence of electrochemical energy storage, electrolytic cell and hydrogen fuel cell operating performance degradation on scheduling decision, so that the scheduling scheme can adapt to the aging state of equipment and effectively enhance the adaptability of microgrid to renewable energy fluctuation and load change.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of energy system dispatching technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and electronic equipment for dispatching a microgrid with electro-hydrogen co-storage. Background Technology

[0002] Against the backdrop of the low-carbon transformation of the energy system, microgrids have been widely used as a key means to support the consumption of distributed renewable energy. However, the strong volatility of renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics makes it difficult to meet the dual needs of long-term energy balance and short-term power regulation by relying solely on electrochemical energy storage. Although hydrogen energy has become an important supplement due to its large-scale long-term energy storage characteristics, existing electro-hydrogen coordinated scheduling methods often treat hydrogen energy storage as a single energy buffer device without differentiating and managing hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels. This results in high hydrogen compression energy consumption and low system operating efficiency. At the same time, there is a lack of real-time consideration of the dynamic performance degradation of electrochemical energy storage, electrolyzers, and hydrogen fuel cells during operation, making it difficult to optimize scheduling decisions based on equipment aging status. As a result, it is difficult to balance system stability, economy, and reliability when a high proportion of renewable energy is connected.

[0003] Therefore, a solution is urgently needed to address the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method, apparatus, and electronic device for dispatching a microgrid with electro-hydrogen co-storage, in order to address the deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] This application provides a method for dispatching a microgrid with combined electric and hydrogen energy storage, the method comprising: Acquire microgrid forecast data on a day-ahead timescale; wherein, the forecast data includes: electricity price information, renewable energy generation forecast data, and load forecast data; Based on the predicted data, and taking into account the operational constraints of multiple energy units within the microgrid, a preliminary scheduling plan on a day-ahead timescale is generated with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost; wherein the microgrid includes at least an electrochemical energy storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, and an interaction unit with the external power grid; Acquire real-time monitoring information of the microgrid on a real-time time scale; wherein, the real-time monitoring information includes at least load information, energy storage status information, and pressure information of hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels in the hydrogen energy storage unit; Based on the real-time monitoring information, the preliminary scheduling plan is continuously revised to generate real-time scheduling instructions; According to the real-time dispatch instructions, the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid are controlled, and during the control process, the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels is adjusted according to the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels.

[0006] According to an embodiment of this application, a microgrid scheduling method for electro-hydrogen co-storage energy storage is provided, wherein the hydrogen energy storage unit includes a hydrogen production unit, a hydrogen storage unit, and a hydrogen utilization unit; wherein the hydrogen storage unit includes at least a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit.

[0007] According to an embodiment of this application, a microgrid scheduling method for combined electric and hydrogen energy storage is provided, wherein the operational constraints of the plurality of energy units include: The power balance relationship within the microgrid; wherein the power balance relationship is used to ensure that the sum of renewable energy generation, fuel cell generation, energy storage battery discharge, and electricity purchased from the external grid is equal to the sum of power load, electricity consumption for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, electricity consumption for energy storage battery charging, electricity consumption for hydrogen compression, and electricity sold to the external grid; The hydrogen balance relationship inside the hydrogen energy storage unit; wherein, the hydrogen balance relationship is used to describe the changes in the amount of hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit respectively, and the changes are related to the hydrogen production input of the electrolyzer, the transfer of hydrogen between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and the output of the hydrogen load supply; The state-of-charge operating range of the electrochemical energy storage unit, and the operating power range of the hydrogen production unit and the hydrogen utilization unit; Interaction constraints with the external power grid; wherein the interaction constraints include the inability to purchase and sell electricity simultaneously at the same time, and the interaction power not exceeding the upper limit of the transmission capacity of the external power grid.

[0008] According to an embodiment of this application, a microgrid scheduling method for electro-hydrogen co-storage energy storage is provided, wherein the step of rollingly revising the preliminary scheduling plan based on the real-time monitoring information and generating real-time scheduling instructions includes: On a minute-level timescale, based on the real-time monitoring information, load fluctuations and renewable energy power generation fluctuations within the future target time window are predicted to obtain short-term fluctuation prediction results. Based on the short-term fluctuation prediction results, with the goal of tracking the preliminary scheduling plan and smoothing out real-time fluctuations, the charging and discharging power of the electrochemical energy storage unit, the operating power of the hydrogen production unit and the hydrogen utilization unit, and the exchange power with the external power grid are dynamically adjusted to generate the real-time scheduling instructions.

[0009] According to an embodiment of this application, a microgrid scheduling method for electro-hydrogen co-storage energy storage is provided, wherein adjusting the flow of hydrogen between hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels based on pressure information of the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels includes: The pressure values ​​of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit are acquired in real time. When the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is lower than a preset first pressure threshold, a first control command is generated to open the connecting pipeline and compressor between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, so as to transport hydrogen from the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit. When the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is higher than a preset second pressure threshold, a second control command is generated to open the pressure regulating valve between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, transferring hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit.

[0010] According to an embodiment of this application, a microgrid scheduling method for electrochemical and hydrogen co-storage energy storage is provided. In the process of generating the preliminary scheduling plan and the real-time scheduling instructions, the impact of the performance degradation of the electrochemical energy storage unit, the hydrogen production unit, and the hydrogen utilization unit on the scheduling decision is also considered.

[0011] According to an embodiment of this application, a microgrid scheduling method for electrochemical and hydrogen co-storage energy storage is provided, wherein considering the impact of the performance degradation of the electrochemical energy storage unit, the hydrogen production unit, and the hydrogen utilization unit on scheduling decisions includes: The upper and lower limits of the operable state of charge are dynamically updated based on the cumulative charge and discharge amount and operating time of the electrochemical energy storage unit. The energy conversion efficiency parameter is dynamically adjusted based on the cumulative operating time of the hydrogen production unit and the hydrogen utilization unit.

[0012] According to an embodiment of this application, a microgrid scheduling method for combined electric and hydrogen energy storage is provided. After controlling the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid according to the real-time scheduling command, the method further includes: Real-time monitoring of voltage and power deviations in the microgrid; Based on the voltage deviation and the power deviation, a closed-loop feedback is performed on the rolling correction process for the next cycle to continuously ensure the power supply and demand balance and stable operation of the microgrid.

[0013] This application embodiment also provides an electric-hydrogen co-energy storage microgrid dispatching device, the device comprising: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the microgrid's forecast data on the day-ahead time scale; wherein, the forecast data includes: electricity price information, renewable energy generation forecast data, and load forecast data; The preliminary scheduling module is used to generate a preliminary scheduling plan on the day-ahead time scale based on the predicted data and the operational constraints of multiple energy units within the microgrid, with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost; wherein the microgrid includes at least an electrochemical energy storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, and an interaction unit with the external power grid; The second acquisition module is used to acquire real-time monitoring information of the microgrid on a real-time time scale; wherein, the real-time monitoring information includes at least load information, energy storage status information, and pressure information of hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels in the hydrogen energy storage unit; The real-time scheduling module is used to perform rolling revisions to the preliminary scheduling plan based on the real-time monitoring information and generate real-time scheduling instructions. The scheduling and control module is used to control the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid according to the real-time scheduling instructions, and to adjust the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels according to the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels during the control process.

[0014] This application also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the electro-hydrogen co-storage microgrid scheduling method as described above.

[0015] This application also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the electro-hydrogen co-storage microgrid scheduling method as described above.

[0016] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the electro-hydrogen co-storage microgrid scheduling method as described above.

[0017] This application provides a method, apparatus, and electronic device for dispatching a microgrid with electro-hydrogen co-storage. The method involves acquiring day-ahead forecast data of the microgrid, including electricity price information, renewable energy generation forecast data, and load forecast data. Based on this forecast data and considering the operational constraints of multiple energy units within the microgrid, a preliminary day-ahead dispatch plan is generated with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost. The microgrid includes at least an electrochemical energy storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, and an interaction unit with the external power grid. Real-time monitoring information of the microgrid is acquired on a real-time scale, including at least load information, energy storage status information, and pressure information of hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels. Based on this real-time monitoring information, the preliminary dispatch plan is continuously revised to generate real-time dispatch instructions. According to these instructions, the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid are controlled. During the control process, the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels is adjusted based on their pressure information. Therefore, the embodiments of this application generate a preliminary scheduling plan by acquiring day-ahead forecast data, and then make rolling corrections to the plan based on real-time monitoring information and generate real-time scheduling instructions. This achieves multi-timescale coordinated control of electrochemical energy storage, hydrogen energy storage and external grid interaction within the microgrid. At the same time, during the control process, the hydrogen flow is adjusted according to the pressure information of hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels. This optimizes the cascade utilization of hydrogen at different pressure levels while taking into account both long-term energy balance and short-term power regulation needs, reduces hydrogen compression energy consumption, improves the operating efficiency and safety of the hydrogen energy storage system, and effectively enhances the microgrid's adaptability to renewable energy fluctuations and load changes. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the microgrid scheduling method for electro-hydrogen co-storage provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a microgrid system provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric-hydrogen co-storage microgrid dispatching device provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application.

[0024] The following describes, with reference to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of the present application of a method, apparatus, and electronic device for dispatching a microgrid with electro-hydrogen co-storage.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the microgrid scheduling method for electro-hydrogen co-storage provided in this application embodiment, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following: Step 100: Obtain the microgrid's forecast data on the day-ahead time scale; wherein, the forecast data includes: electricity price information, renewable energy generation forecast data, and load forecast data.

[0026] Specifically, day-ahead forecast data refers to electricity price fluctuation information, renewable energy power generation forecasts, and electricity load demand forecasts obtained based on historical data and climate models over a period of 24 hours or longer, which serve as the basis for decision-making in day-ahead economic optimization scheduling.

[0027] Step 200: Based on the predicted data and the operational constraints of multiple energy units within the microgrid, a preliminary scheduling plan on the day-ahead time scale is generated with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost; wherein the microgrid includes at least an electrochemical energy storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, and an interaction unit with the external power grid.

[0028] The total operating cost of a microgrid includes the cost of purchasing electricity from the external grid. C grid,buy Cost of selling electricity to external power grids C grid,sell The difference, and the operating costs of system equipment. C OM For specific constraints, please refer to equation (1).

[0029] Specifically, the multiple energy units within a microgrid include electrochemical energy storage units such as lithium battery energy storage systems and their management systems, hydrogen energy storage units such as water electrolysis hydrogen production equipment, multi-stage hydrogen compression and storage devices, and hydrogen fuel cell power generation devices, as well as interaction units with the external power grid such as grid-connected converters and electricity metering devices, which together constitute the physical architecture of the microgrid.

[0030] It should be noted that the hydrogen energy storage unit includes a hydrogen production unit, a hydrogen storage unit, and a hydrogen utilization unit; wherein the hydrogen storage unit includes at least a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit.

[0031] Specifically, a hydrogen production unit refers to water electrolysis equipment, such as an alkaline electrolyzer or a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, which uses renewable energy power generation or off-peak electricity from the grid to electrolyze water into hydrogen and oxygen, realizing the conversion of electrical energy into hydrogen energy. A hydrogen storage unit refers to a multi-stage compression and storage device for storing hydrogen, including at least a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit. The high-pressure hydrogen storage unit typically uses a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to compress hydrogen to a high-pressure state to reduce the storage volume, while the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit uses a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank to store hydrogen at a relatively low pressure to reduce compression energy consumption. The two are connected by a compressor unit and a pressure regulating valve, which can realize bidirectional flow of hydrogen between different pressure levels according to system needs. A hydrogen utilization unit refers to a pipeline system that transports stored hydrogen to hydrogen load terminals, or converts hydrogen back into electrical energy through a hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and integrates it into a microgrid, realizing the flexible utilization of hydrogen energy, thereby ensuring the supply of hydrogen load while providing long-term energy balance support for the power system.

[0032] Step 300: Obtain real-time monitoring information of the microgrid on a real-time time scale; wherein the real-time monitoring information includes at least load information, energy storage status information, and pressure information of hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels in the hydrogen energy storage unit.

[0033] Specifically, real-time monitoring information on a real-time time scale refers to the actual current load value, state of charge of energy storage batteries, operating status of electrolyzers and fuel cells, and real-time pressure values ​​in high-pressure and low-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, which are obtained by sensors and data acquisition systems at minute or second intervals. This information is used to support feedback inputs for real-time rolling optimization.

[0034] Step 400: Based on the real-time monitoring information, the preliminary scheduling plan is revised on a rolling basis to generate real-time scheduling instructions.

[0035] Specifically, rolling revisions to the initial scheduling plan employ the Model Predictive Control (MPC) method. In each control cycle, the operating status within a short-term window is predicted based on the latest monitoring information, and the output of each unit is dynamically adjusted to cope with prediction errors and sudden disturbances.

[0036] Real-time scheduling, i.e., at a minute-level timescale, uses model predictive control to dynamically correct day-ahead plans to cope with prediction errors and sudden disturbances. A feedback correction term (Equation 2) is introduced. k Predicting the future within a short time window ( M In this situation, based on real-time monitoring of load, power grid and energy storage status, the operating power of each energy storage device and the power of interaction with the external power grid are rapidly adjusted within minutes. At the same time, the hydrogen charging and discharging strategy is adjusted according to the upper and lower limits of hydrogen storage tank pressure.

[0037] in P ref,j This is the reference power given by the dispatcher recently. P net,j It is real-time power; ε It is an adjustment factor. μ j It controls the increment (to prevent drastic fluctuations in equipment output).

[0038] Step 500: According to the real-time dispatching command, control the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid, and during the control process, adjust the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels according to the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels.

[0039] Specifically, adjusting hydrogen flow based on pressure information from high- and low-pressure hydrogen storage units during the control process means that when the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is lower than the lower limit of safe operation, the compressor unit is started to replenish the high-pressure tank with hydrogen from the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank, or when the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank exceeds the upper limit of safe operation, excess hydrogen is transferred to the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank through a pressure regulating valve. This achieves tiered filling and releasing of hydrogen between storage tanks of different pressure levels, thereby reducing compressor energy consumption and improving the operating efficiency and safety of the hydrogen energy storage system while meeting hydrogen load requirements.

[0040] The above describes the steps of the microgrid scheduling method for combined electric and hydrogen energy storage provided in the embodiments of this application. As can be seen from the above description of the steps, the microgrid scheduling method for electro-hydrogen co-storage provided in this application involves acquiring predictive data of the microgrid on a day-ahead time scale, wherein the predictive data includes: electricity price information, renewable energy generation prediction data, and load prediction data; based on the predictive data, and according to the operational constraints of multiple energy units within the microgrid, generating a preliminary scheduling plan on a day-ahead time scale with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost; wherein the microgrid includes at least an electrochemical energy storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, and an interaction unit with the external power grid; acquiring real-time monitoring information of the microgrid on a real-time time scale, wherein the real-time monitoring information includes at least load information, energy storage status information, and pressure information of hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels within the hydrogen energy storage unit; based on the real-time monitoring information, rolling revisions are made to the preliminary scheduling plan to generate real-time scheduling instructions; according to the real-time scheduling instructions, the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid are controlled, and during the control process, the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels is adjusted according to the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels. Therefore, the embodiments of this application generate a preliminary scheduling plan by acquiring day-ahead forecast data, and then make rolling corrections to the plan based on real-time monitoring information and generate real-time scheduling instructions. This achieves multi-timescale coordinated control of electrochemical energy storage, hydrogen energy storage and external grid interaction within the microgrid. At the same time, during the control process, the hydrogen flow is adjusted according to the pressure information of hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels. This optimizes the cascade utilization of hydrogen at different pressure levels while taking into account both long-term energy balance and short-term power regulation needs, reduces hydrogen compression energy consumption, improves the operating efficiency and safety of the hydrogen energy storage system, and effectively enhances the microgrid's adaptability to renewable energy fluctuations and load changes.

[0041] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the operational constraints of the plurality of energy units include: The power balance relationship within the microgrid; wherein the power balance relationship is used to ensure that the sum of renewable energy generation, fuel cell generation, energy storage battery discharge, and electricity purchased from the external grid is equal to the sum of power load, electricity consumption for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, electricity consumption for energy storage battery charging, electricity consumption for hydrogen compression, and electricity sold to the external grid; The hydrogen balance relationship inside the hydrogen energy storage unit; wherein, the hydrogen balance relationship is used to describe the changes in the amount of hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit respectively, and the changes are related to the hydrogen production input of the electrolyzer, the transfer of hydrogen between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and the output of the hydrogen load supply; The state-of-charge operating range of the electrochemical energy storage unit, and the operating power range of the hydrogen production unit and the hydrogen utilization unit; Interaction constraints with the external power grid; wherein the interaction constraints include the inability to purchase and sell electricity simultaneously at the same time, and the interaction power not exceeding the upper limit of the transmission capacity of the external power grid.

[0042] Specifically, the scheduling process must meet energy conservation constraints, namely power balance and hydrogen balance; it must meet energy storage dynamic constraints; and it must meet external power grid interaction constraints.

[0043] The power balance is shown in equation (3), taking into account the power consumption of hydrogen compression:

[0044] in, P re ( t )for t Time-based renewable energy generation P fc ( t )for t Time-dependent fuel cell power generation P bat,dis ( t )for t Lithium battery discharge rate over time P grid,buy ( t )for t Electricity purchased from external power grids during the time period Load e ( t )for t Time-based power load P ele ( t )for t Power consumption of time-based water electrolysis hydrogen production unit P bat,cha ( t )for t Time-based lithium battery charging amount. P comp ( t )for t Time compression of hydrogen power consumption P grid,sell ( t )for t Electricity sold to the external power grid during the period is all measured in kWh.

[0045] Hydrogen balance includes equations (4) to (10):

[0046] in,H low ( t )for t The amount of hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank over time. H high ( t )for t The amount of hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank over time. Q h,l ( t )for t The amount of hydrogen transferred from the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank over time. Q l,h ( t )for t The amount of hydrogen transported from the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank over time. Load h,low ( t )for t The amount of hydrogen supplied from the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the load end over time. Load h,high ( t )for t The amount of hydrogen delivered from the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the load end over time. P ele,min and P ele,max These are the upper and lower limits of the electrolytic cell's operating power, respectively. P fc,min and P fc,max These represent the upper and lower limits of the operating power of hydrogen fuel cells. γ low and γ high These are the leakage coefficients for the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, respectively. ω The compression energy consumption coefficient; p low ( t )for t Pressure in a time-low pressure hydrogen storage system p high ( t )for t Pressure in a high-pressure hydrogen storage system over time p 0( t () represents the hydrogen outlet pressure of the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit. p i,min and p i,max These are the upper and lower pressure limits of the hydrogen storage tank, respectively. η ele ( t )for t Time-dependent electrolytic cell conversion rate η fc( t )for t Time-dependent fuel cell conversion efficiency η comp For compressor efficiency; R For molar gas constant, T This refers to the temperature inside the hydrogen storage tank.

[0047] Energy storage dynamic constraints, i.e.

[0048] in, SOC bat ( t )for t Time-based energy storage battery state of charge η cha Improve battery charging efficiency. η dis For battery discharge efficiency; SOC bat,min ( t )and SOC bat,max ( t ) are respectively t The time period represents the upper and lower limits of the energy storage battery's state of charge. λ cha and λ dis These are binary variables representing the charging and discharging states of the energy storage, respectively.

[0049] External power grid interaction constraints, namely, mutual exclusion of power purchase and sale and external power grid transmission capacity constraints:

[0050] in, P grid max This represents the upper limit of the external power grid's transmission capacity.

[0051] The microgrid scheduling method for combined electric and hydrogen energy storage provided in this embodiment provides a complete constraint system for microgrid scheduling by clarifying the power balance relationship, hydrogen balance relationship, operating range of energy storage equipment and external power grid interaction constraints, ensuring that the scheduling scheme takes into account both energy supply and demand balance and equipment safe operation under the premise of physical feasibility.

[0052] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, step 400, based on the real-time monitoring information, performs rolling revisions to the preliminary scheduling plan and generates real-time scheduling instructions, including: Step 410: On a minute-level time scale, based on the real-time monitoring information, predict the load fluctuations and renewable energy power generation fluctuations within the future target time window to obtain short-term fluctuation prediction results.

[0053] Step 420: Based on the short-term fluctuation prediction results, with the goal of tracking the preliminary scheduling plan and smoothing out real-time fluctuations, dynamically adjust the charging and discharging power of the electrochemical energy storage unit, the operating power of the hydrogen production unit and the hydrogen utilization unit, and the exchange power with the external power grid to generate the real-time scheduling command.

[0054] Specifically, on a minute-level time scale, such as every 5 minutes or every 10 minutes as a control cycle, the microgrid control unit uses model predictive control methods to predict load fluctuations and renewable energy generation fluctuations within a future target time window based on real-time collected load information, energy storage status information, and hydrogen energy storage unit pressure information. The future target time window is usually a short time domain of 15 minutes to 1 hour, used to capture rapid fluctuations in photovoltaic output caused by cloud cover, wind power output caused by sudden changes in wind speed, and load caused by changes in user behavior, thereby obtaining short-term fluctuation prediction results.

[0055] Subsequently, based on the short-term fluctuation forecast results, the control unit prioritizes tracking the reference values ​​of the electrochemical energy storage unit's charging and discharging power, the hydrogen production unit's electrolyzer operating power, the hydrogen utilization unit's fuel cell operating power, and the power exchanged with the external power grid in the preliminary scheduling plan determined by the day-ahead economic optimization scheduling. At the same time, it takes smoothing out real-time fluctuations and suppressing drastic changes in equipment output as auxiliary objectives. By solving a finite-time domain optimization problem, it dynamically adjusts the actual operating power of the above-mentioned units. For example, when the short-term forecast shows that the photovoltaic output will drop sharply, it will increase the discharge power of the energy storage battery or reduce the power consumption of the electrolyzer to maintain power balance. When the forecast shows that the load will rise rapidly, it will increase the power purchased from the external grid or start the hydrogen fuel cell to supplement the power supply. Finally, a set of real-time scheduling instructions is generated in each control cycle and sent to each energy unit for execution, thereby achieving high-precision tracking of the day-ahead plan and rapid response to real-time disturbances.

[0056] The electric-hydrogen co-storage microgrid dispatching method provided in this embodiment achieves accurate tracking of day-ahead dispatching plans and rapid mitigation of real-time fluctuations in renewable energy and load by rolling predictions of short-term fluctuations on a minute-level time scale and dynamically adjusting the output of each unit. This significantly improves the microgrid's response capability and operational stability to uncertain disturbances.

[0057] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, step 500, adjusting the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels according to the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels, includes: Step 510: Obtain the pressure values ​​of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit in real time.

[0058] Step 520: When the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is lower than a preset first pressure threshold, a first control command is generated to open the connecting pipeline and compressor between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, so as to transport hydrogen from the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit.

[0059] Step 530: When the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is higher than the preset second pressure threshold, a second control command is generated to open the pressure regulating valve between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, so as to transfer hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit.

[0060] Specifically, the microgrid control unit obtains the pressure values ​​of the high-pressure and low-pressure hydrogen storage units in real time through pressure sensors installed on the high-pressure and low-pressure hydrogen storage tanks, with a sampling period of seconds or minutes. The high-pressure hydrogen storage unit usually refers to the storage tank that compresses hydrogen to a high-pressure state to meet the high-pressure demand of hydrogen loads or fuel cell power generation. The low-pressure hydrogen storage unit usually refers to the storage tank that operates at a pressure below several megapascals and is used to store hydrogen directly produced by the electrolyzer to reduce compression energy consumption.

[0061] Subsequently, the control unit compares the real-time pressure value with a preset first pressure threshold and a second pressure threshold. The first pressure threshold is the lower limit of the operating pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit, for example, set to 30% of the rated pressure or a critical value determined according to system safety operation requirements. The second pressure threshold is the upper limit of the operating pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit, for example, set to 90% of the rated pressure or an upper limit determined according to tank safety regulations. When the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is detected to be lower than the first pressure threshold, it indicates that the hydrogen storage capacity of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient, which may affect the subsequent high-pressure hydrogen load supply or fuel cell power generation demand. At this time, the control unit generates a first control command to open the connecting pipeline and compressor between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and to release the hydrogen from the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit. The relatively low-pressure hydrogen in the storage unit is pressurized by the compressor and then transported to the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit to replenish its pressure and storage capacity. When the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit exceeds the second pressure threshold, it indicates that the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is close to full or the pressure is too high, posing a safety hazard. At this time, the control unit generates a second control command to open the pressure regulating valve between the high-pressure and low-pressure hydrogen storage units. The excess hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is naturally transferred to the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit using the pressure difference. This releases the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit, ensuring the safe operation of the system, and stores the hydrogen on the low-pressure side for later use. This avoids the additional energy consumption caused by reverse pressurization through the compressor unit, realizing the cascade filling and release and efficient utilization of hydrogen between storage tanks of different pressure levels.

[0062] The electro-hydrogen co-storage microgrid scheduling method provided in this embodiment achieves cascade pressure management of the hydrogen energy storage system by real-time monitoring of the pressure of high and low pressure hydrogen storage units and automatically controlling the bidirectional flow of hydrogen between the high and low pressure units according to preset thresholds. This ensures reliable hydrogen supply by timely pressure replenishment when the high pressure is insufficient and active pressure relief when the high pressure exceeds the limit to ensure operational safety. At the same time, it avoids unnecessary compression energy consumption and significantly improves the operating efficiency, safety and economy of the hydrogen energy storage system.

[0063] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, during the generation of the preliminary scheduling plan and the real-time scheduling instructions, the impact of the performance degradation of the electrochemical energy storage unit, the hydrogen production unit, and the hydrogen utilization unit on the scheduling decision is also considered.

[0064] The consideration of the impact of the performance degradation of the electrochemical energy storage unit, the hydrogen production unit, and the hydrogen utilization unit on scheduling decisions includes: The upper and lower limits of the operable state of charge are dynamically updated based on the cumulative charge and discharge amount and operating time of the electrochemical energy storage unit. The energy conversion efficiency parameter is dynamically adjusted based on the cumulative operating time of the hydrogen production unit and the hydrogen utilization unit.

[0065] Specifically, the performance degradation caused by battery operation is considered in the scheduling optimization process, including calendar aging, that is, the battery state of charge threshold will gradually decrease (Equation (19)-Equation (20)); and cycle aging, that is, the cycle life will gradually decrease (Equation (21)).

[0066] in, DE bat ( t )for t Time battery, DE bat ( t )for t Battery degradation rate over time. The number of battery cycles is fitted according to equation (16). N bat With depth of charge and discharge DOD Relationship curve, x , y , z The values ​​can be obtained by referring to publicly available experimental data in existing literature. SOC bat,min,0 and SOC bat,max,0 ( t These represent the initial time limit and upper limit of the energy storage battery's state of charge. β 1 represents the battery state-of-charge decay coefficient.

[0067] Considering the performance degradation caused by the operation of electrolyzers and fuel cells, their energy conversion efficiency will gradually decrease.

[0068] in, DE ele ( t )for t Time-dependent electrolytic cell decay rate T ele This refers to the number of operating hours of the electrolytic cell. P ele,rate The rated operating power of the electrolytic cell, Life ele Design life of the electrolyzer, η ele,0 The initial conversion efficiency of the electrolytic cell. α 1 represents the efficiency decay coefficient of the electrolytic cell. DE fc ( t )for t Time-dependent fuel cell degradation rate T fc For fuel cell operating hours, P fc,rate The rated operating power of the fuel cell, Life fc For the design life of fuel cells, η fc,0 The initial conversion efficiency of the fuel cell, α 2 represents the fuel cell efficiency degradation coefficient.

[0069] The electro-hydrogen co-storage microgrid scheduling method provided in this embodiment considers the performance degradation of electrochemical energy storage units, electrolyzers, and hydrogen fuel cells in the scheduling decision, and dynamically updates the state-of-charge operating range of energy storage units and the efficiency parameters of energy conversion equipment based on accumulated operating data. This enables the scheduling scheme to adapt to the aging state of the equipment in real time, avoids scheduling deviations and efficiency losses caused by equipment performance degradation, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and improving the long-term economic efficiency and reliability of the system.

[0070] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, after controlling the operating power of the plurality of energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid according to the real-time scheduling instruction in step 500, the method further includes: Real-time monitoring of voltage and power deviations in the microgrid; Based on the voltage deviation and the power deviation, a closed-loop feedback is performed on the rolling correction process for the next cycle to continuously ensure the power supply and demand balance and stable operation of the microgrid.

[0071] Specifically, voltage transformers and power measurement devices installed at the microgrid's common connection point and each feeder outlet are used to monitor the voltage and power deviations within the microgrid in real time with a sampling period of milliseconds or seconds. Voltage deviation refers to the difference between the actual voltage value and the rated voltage value. For example, in a 380-volt low-voltage microgrid, when the measured voltage is 365 volts, the deviation is -15 volts. Power deviation refers to the difference between the actual power and the target power set by the real-time dispatch command. This includes the deviation between the actual output of renewable energy generation and the predicted value, the deviation between the actual load demand and the predicted value, and the deviation between the actual response power of each energy storage unit and the command value.

[0072] Subsequently, the control unit uses the monitored voltage and power deviations as feedback inputs and performs closed-loop adjustment of the rolling correction process in the next cycle through the feedback correction loop in model predictive control. For example, when the voltage is consistently low, the voltage recovery weight is added to the optimization target of the next control cycle, and the energy storage charging and discharging power or the reactive power support of the external grid is adjusted first to raise the voltage. When the power deviation accumulates to exceed the set threshold, the adjustment coefficient in equation (2) is dynamically adjusted. ε and control increment μ j This is to correct the reference trajectory and enhance the robustness of the controller.

[0073] The electric-hydrogen co-storage microgrid scheduling method provided in this embodiment can continuously self-correct based on the difference between the actual operating state and the expected state, and eliminate residual deviations cycle by cycle. In this way, when dealing with disturbances such as renewable energy fluctuations, load changes and equipment response errors, it can always maintain the power supply and demand balance and system stability within the microgrid.

[0074] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a microgrid system provided in an embodiment of this application. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 2 In one specific embodiment, the microgrid scheduling method for combined electric and hydrogen energy storage provided in this application is fully described.

[0075] See Figure 2In this embodiment, the electro-hydrogen co-generation microgrid system includes a power generation unit, an energy storage unit, a control unit, and a load unit. The power generation unit includes an external power grid and various renewable energy power generation devices such as photovoltaic, wind, and solar thermal power generation, used to inject electrical energy into the microgrid channels. The energy storage unit is divided into electrochemical energy storage and hydrogen energy storage. Electrochemical energy storage uses energy storage batteries to achieve short-term power regulation. Hydrogen energy storage includes a hydrogen production unit (hydrogen electrolyzer), a hydrogen storage unit, and a hydrogen utilization unit (hydrogen fuel cell). The hydrogen storage unit consists of a high-pressure hydrogen compressor, a low-pressure hydrogen compressor, a high-pressure hydrogen storage tank, and a low-pressure hydrogen storage tank, forming a multi-stage hydrogen compression and storage device. The high-pressure and low-pressure hydrogen storage tanks are connected by a pressure regulating valve, allowing hydrogen to flow from the high-pressure to the low-pressure tanks. The control unit, i.e., the scheduling and optimization system, serves as the microgrid control unit, and operates in real-time via information flow. The system collects operational status data from power generation units, energy storage units, and load units, including the state of charge of energy storage batteries, the operating power of hydrogen electrolyzers and hydrogen fuel cells, and the pressure information of high- and low-pressure hydrogen storage tanks. Based on this data, it performs day-ahead economic optimization scheduling and real-time rolling scheduling, generating control commands that are sent to each unit via the microgrid channel. The load unit includes electrical loads and hydrogen loads, consuming electrical energy and hydrogen respectively. Through the coordinated interaction of current, hydrogen flow, and information flow, the system achieves joint optimized operation of electricity and hydrogen under the scheduling of the control unit. The current path is mainly distributed between the power generation, energy storage, and power consumption equipment in the microgrid channel. The hydrogen flow path runs through the hydrogen electrolyzer, hydrogen compressor, hydrogen storage tank, and hydrogen fuel cell to form a complete hydrogen energy cycle. The information flow converges in the control unit to support the execution of core steps in the scheduling method, such as prediction, optimization, correction, and pressure cascade management.

[0076] The specific workflow is as follows: First, the day-ahead dispatch module calculates the optimized operation plan for the next 24 hours based on wind and solar power generation and load forecast data, determining the output of each distributed power unit, energy storage battery, electrolyzer, hydrogen fuel cell, and hydrogen compressor unit. This dispatch process adopts a hybrid linear optimization model, with the objective function being to minimize the grid purchase and sale cost and system operating cost, while considering the pressure constraints of the hydrogen energy storage system. Subsequently, in the real-time control phase, the system monitors the current power load, hydrogen load, and hydrogen storage tank pressure information, and corrects the intraday dispatch results. The real-time control module adjusts the charge and discharge rate of the energy storage battery, the activation level of the hydrogen electrolyzer and hydrogen fuel cell based on the monitoring data, while simultaneously executing pressure cascade management logic: when the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank is lower than the preset lower limit or the pressure of the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank is higher than the preset upper limit, the high-pressure hydrogen compressor is turned on, and gas is replenished from the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank to the high-pressure tank; when the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank exceeds the preset upper limit, the pressure regulating valve between the high-pressure and low-pressure storage tanks is activated, directing excess hydrogen to the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank. By using a stepped hydrogen charging and discharging control system, hydrogen can flow between different pressure levels, reducing hydrogen compression energy consumption, improving hydrogen energy utilization efficiency, and preventing equipment pressure surges.

[0077] The microgrid control unit combines the above strategies, monitors the voltage and power deviations of the microgrid channels in real time, and issues control commands to each unit based on the optimization results at different time scales (day-ahead or real-time) to achieve power supply and demand balance and hydrogen flow direction optimization. The entire control process maintains the stability of the microgrid channels while suppressing disturbances caused by renewable energy output, improving system regulation capabilities, and extending the service life of energy storage devices.

[0078] The following describes the electric-hydrogen co-storage microgrid scheduling device provided in the embodiments of this application. The electric-hydrogen co-storage microgrid scheduling device described below can be referred to in correspondence with the electric-hydrogen co-storage microgrid scheduling method described above.

[0079] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electric-hydrogen co-storage microgrid dispatching device provided in the embodiments of this application, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the electric-hydrogen co-storage microgrid dispatching device includes: The first acquisition module 301 is used to acquire the microgrid's forecast data on the day-ahead time scale; wherein, the forecast data includes: electricity price information, renewable energy generation forecast data, and load forecast data; The preliminary scheduling module 302 is used to generate a preliminary scheduling plan on the day-ahead time scale based on the predicted data and the operational constraints of multiple energy units within the microgrid, with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost; wherein the microgrid includes at least an electrochemical energy storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, and an interaction unit with the external power grid; The second acquisition module 303 is used to acquire real-time monitoring information of the microgrid on a real-time time scale; wherein, the real-time monitoring information includes at least load information, energy storage status information, and pressure information of hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels in the hydrogen energy storage unit; The real-time scheduling module 304 is used to perform rolling revisions on the preliminary scheduling plan based on the real-time monitoring information and generate real-time scheduling instructions. The scheduling and control module 305 is used to control the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid according to the real-time scheduling instructions, and to adjust the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels according to the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels during the control process.

[0080] The electro-hydrogen co-storage microgrid dispatching device provided in this application embodiment acquires predictive data of the microgrid on a day-ahead time scale. This predictive data includes electricity price information, renewable energy generation forecast data, and load forecast data. Based on this predictive data and considering the operational constraints of multiple energy units within the microgrid, a preliminary dispatching plan on a day-ahead time scale is generated with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost. The microgrid includes at least an electrochemical energy storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, and an interaction unit with the external power grid. Real-time monitoring information of the microgrid on a real-time time scale is acquired. This real-time monitoring information includes at least load information, energy storage status information, and pressure information of hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels. Based on the real-time monitoring information, the preliminary dispatching plan is continuously revised to generate real-time dispatching instructions. According to the real-time dispatching instructions, the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid are controlled. During the control process, the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels is adjusted based on the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels. Therefore, the embodiments of this application generate a preliminary scheduling plan by acquiring day-ahead forecast data, and then make rolling corrections to the plan based on real-time monitoring information and generate real-time scheduling instructions. This achieves multi-timescale coordinated control of electrochemical energy storage, hydrogen energy storage and external grid interaction within the microgrid. At the same time, during the control process, the hydrogen flow is adjusted according to the pressure information of hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels. This optimizes the cascade utilization of hydrogen at different pressure levels while taking into account both long-term energy balance and short-term power regulation needs, reduces hydrogen compression energy consumption, improves the operating efficiency and safety of the hydrogen energy storage system, and effectively enhances the microgrid's adaptability to renewable energy fluctuations and load changes.

[0081] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the hydrogen energy storage unit includes a hydrogen production unit, a hydrogen storage unit, and a hydrogen utilization unit; wherein, the hydrogen storage unit includes at least a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit.

[0082] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the operational constraints of the plurality of energy units include: The power balance relationship within the microgrid; wherein the power balance relationship is used to ensure that the sum of renewable energy generation, fuel cell generation, energy storage battery discharge, and electricity purchased from the external grid is equal to the sum of power load, electricity consumption for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, electricity consumption for energy storage battery charging, electricity consumption for hydrogen compression, and electricity sold to the external grid; The hydrogen balance relationship inside the hydrogen energy storage unit; wherein, the hydrogen balance relationship is used to describe the changes in the amount of hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit respectively, and the changes are related to the hydrogen production input of the electrolyzer, the transfer of hydrogen between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and the output of the hydrogen load supply; The state-of-charge operating range of the electrochemical energy storage unit, and the operating power range of the hydrogen production unit and the hydrogen utilization unit; Interaction constraints with the external power grid; wherein the interaction constraints include the inability to purchase and sell electricity simultaneously at the same time, and the interaction power not exceeding the upper limit of the transmission capacity of the external power grid.

[0083] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the real-time scheduling module 304 is specifically used for: On a minute-level timescale, based on the real-time monitoring information, load fluctuations and renewable energy power generation fluctuations within the future target time window are predicted to obtain short-term fluctuation prediction results. Based on the short-term fluctuation prediction results, with the goal of tracking the preliminary scheduling plan and smoothing out real-time fluctuations, the charging and discharging power of the electrochemical energy storage unit, the operating power of the hydrogen production unit and the hydrogen utilization unit, and the exchange power with the external power grid are dynamically adjusted to generate the real-time scheduling instructions.

[0084] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the scheduling control module 305 is specifically used for: The pressure values ​​of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit are acquired in real time. When the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is lower than a preset first pressure threshold, a first control command is generated to open the connecting pipeline and compressor between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, so as to transport hydrogen from the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit. When the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is higher than a preset second pressure threshold, a second control command is generated to open the pressure regulating valve between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, transferring hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit.

[0085] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, during the generation of the preliminary scheduling plan and the real-time scheduling instructions, the impact of the performance degradation of the electrochemical energy storage unit, the hydrogen production unit, and the hydrogen utilization unit on the scheduling decision is also considered.

[0086] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the device further includes an update module, specifically used for: The upper and lower limits of the operable state of charge are dynamically updated based on the cumulative charge and discharge amount and operating time of the electrochemical energy storage unit. The energy conversion efficiency parameter is dynamically adjusted based on the cumulative operating time of the hydrogen production unit and the hydrogen utilization unit.

[0087] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, the device further includes a feedback module, specifically used for: After controlling the operating power of the multiple energy units and their interaction power with the external power grid according to the real-time scheduling instructions, Real-time monitoring of voltage and power deviations in the microgrid; Based on the voltage deviation and the power deviation, a closed-loop feedback is performed on the rolling correction process for the next cycle to continuously ensure the power supply and demand balance and stable operation of the microgrid.

[0088] Figure 4 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device can be a robot or other electronic device. This electronic device may include: a processor 410, a communication interface 420, a memory 430, and a communication bus 440. The processor 410, communication interface 420, and memory 430 communicate with each other via the communication bus 440. The processor 410 can call logical instructions from the memory 430 to execute a microgrid scheduling method for electro-hydrogen co-storage energy storage, including: Acquire microgrid forecast data on a day-ahead timescale; wherein, the forecast data includes: electricity price information, renewable energy generation forecast data, and load forecast data; Based on the predicted data, and taking into account the operational constraints of multiple energy units within the microgrid, a preliminary scheduling plan on the day-ahead time scale is generated with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost; wherein the microgrid includes at least an electrochemical energy storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, and an interaction unit with the external power grid; Acquire real-time monitoring information of the microgrid on a real-time time scale; wherein, the real-time monitoring information includes at least load information, energy storage status information, and pressure information of hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels in the hydrogen energy storage unit; Based on the real-time monitoring information, the preliminary scheduling plan is continuously revised to generate real-time scheduling instructions; According to the real-time dispatch instructions, the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid are controlled, and during the control process, the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels is adjusted according to the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels.

[0089] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 430 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application embodiment, essentially, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in at least one embodiment of this application embodiment. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0090] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the electro-hydrogen co-storage microgrid scheduling method provided by the above methods, including: Acquire microgrid forecast data on a day-ahead timescale; wherein, the forecast data includes: electricity price information, renewable energy generation forecast data, and load forecast data; Based on the predicted data, and taking into account the operational constraints of multiple energy units within the microgrid, a preliminary scheduling plan on the day-ahead time scale is generated with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost; wherein the microgrid includes at least an electrochemical energy storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, and an interaction unit with the external power grid; Acquire real-time monitoring information of the microgrid on a real-time time scale; wherein, the real-time monitoring information includes at least load information, energy storage status information, and pressure information of hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels in the hydrogen energy storage unit; Based on the real-time monitoring information, the preliminary scheduling plan is continuously revised to generate real-time scheduling instructions; According to the real-time dispatch instructions, the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid are controlled, and during the control process, the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels is adjusted according to the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels.

[0091] In another aspect, embodiments of this application also provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the electro-hydrogen co-storage microgrid scheduling method provided by the above methods, including: Acquire microgrid forecast data on a day-ahead timescale; wherein, the forecast data includes: electricity price information, renewable energy generation forecast data, and load forecast data; Based on the predicted data, and taking into account the operational constraints of multiple energy units within the microgrid, a preliminary scheduling plan on the day-ahead time scale is generated with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost; wherein the microgrid includes at least an electrochemical energy storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, and an interaction unit with the external power grid; Acquire real-time monitoring information of the microgrid on a real-time time scale; wherein, the real-time monitoring information includes at least load information, energy storage status information, and pressure information of hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels in the hydrogen energy storage unit; Based on the real-time monitoring information, the preliminary scheduling plan is continuously revised to generate real-time scheduling instructions; According to the real-time dispatch instructions, the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid are controlled, and during the control process, the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels is adjusted according to the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels.

[0092] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0093] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit them; although the embodiments of this application have been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for dispatching a microgrid with coordinated electricity and hydrogen energy storage, characterized in that, include: Acquire microgrid forecast data on a day-ahead timescale; wherein, the forecast data includes: electricity price information, renewable energy generation forecast data, and load forecast data; Based on the predicted data, and taking into account the operational constraints of multiple energy units within the microgrid, a preliminary scheduling plan on the day-ahead time scale is generated with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost; wherein the microgrid includes at least an electrochemical energy storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, and an interaction unit with the external power grid; Acquire real-time monitoring information of the microgrid on a real-time time scale; wherein, the real-time monitoring information includes at least load information, energy storage status information, and pressure information of hydrogen storage units at different pressure levels in the hydrogen energy storage unit; Based on the real-time monitoring information, the preliminary scheduling plan is continuously revised to generate real-time scheduling instructions; According to the real-time dispatch instructions, the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid are controlled, and during the control process, the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels is adjusted according to the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels.

2. The microgrid dispatching method for electro-hydrogen co-storage energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen energy storage unit includes a hydrogen production unit, a hydrogen storage unit, and a hydrogen utilization unit; wherein the hydrogen storage unit includes at least a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit.

3. The microgrid dispatching method for electro-hydrogen co-storage energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The operational constraints of the multiple energy units include: The power balance relationship within the microgrid; wherein the power balance relationship is used to ensure that the sum of renewable energy generation, fuel cell generation, energy storage battery discharge, and electricity purchased from the external grid is equal to the sum of power load, electricity consumption for hydrogen production by water electrolysis, electricity consumption for energy storage battery charging, electricity consumption for hydrogen compression, and electricity sold to the external grid; The hydrogen balance relationship inside the hydrogen energy storage unit; wherein, the hydrogen balance relationship is used to describe the changes in the amount of hydrogen in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit respectively, and the changes are related to the hydrogen production input of the electrolyzer, the transfer of hydrogen between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and the output of the hydrogen load supply; The state-of-charge operating range of the electrochemical energy storage unit, and the operating power range of the hydrogen production unit and the hydrogen utilization unit; Interaction constraints with the external power grid; wherein the interaction constraints include the inability to purchase and sell electricity simultaneously at the same time, and the interaction power not exceeding the upper limit of the transmission capacity of the external power grid.

4. The microgrid dispatching method for electro-hydrogen co-storage energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of rollingly revising the preliminary scheduling plan based on the real-time monitoring information and generating real-time scheduling instructions includes: On a minute-level timescale, based on the real-time monitoring information, load fluctuations and renewable energy power generation fluctuations within the future target time window are predicted to obtain short-term fluctuation prediction results. Based on the short-term fluctuation prediction results, with the goal of tracking the preliminary scheduling plan and smoothing out real-time fluctuations, the charging and discharging power of the electrochemical energy storage unit, the operating power of the hydrogen production unit and the hydrogen utilization unit, and the exchange power with the external power grid are dynamically adjusted to generate the real-time scheduling instructions.

5. The microgrid dispatching method for electro-hydrogen co-storage energy storage according to claim 2, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the flow of hydrogen between hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels based on the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels includes: The pressure values ​​of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit are acquired in real time. When the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is lower than a preset first pressure threshold, a first control command is generated to open the connecting pipeline and compressor between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, so as to transport hydrogen from the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit. When the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is higher than a preset second pressure threshold, a second control command is generated to open the pressure regulating valve between the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, transferring hydrogen from the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit.

6. The microgrid dispatching method for electro-hydrogen co-storage energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the process of generating the preliminary scheduling plan and the real-time scheduling instructions, the impact of the performance degradation of the electrochemical energy storage unit, the hydrogen production unit, and the hydrogen utilization unit on the scheduling decision is also considered.

7. The microgrid dispatching method for electro-hydrogen co-storage energy storage according to claim 6, characterized in that, The consideration of the impact of the performance degradation of the electrochemical energy storage unit, the hydrogen production unit, and the hydrogen utilization unit on scheduling decisions includes: The upper and lower limits of the operable state of charge are dynamically updated based on the cumulative charge and discharge amount and operating time of the electrochemical energy storage unit. The energy conversion efficiency parameter is dynamically adjusted based on the cumulative operating time of the hydrogen production unit and the hydrogen utilization unit.

8. The microgrid dispatching method for electro-hydrogen co-storage energy storage according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, After controlling the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid according to the real-time scheduling instructions, the method further includes: Real-time monitoring of voltage and power deviations in the microgrid; Based on the voltage deviation and the power deviation, a closed-loop feedback is performed on the rolling correction process for the next cycle to continuously ensure the power supply and demand balance and stable operation of the microgrid.

9. A microgrid dispatching device for electro-hydrogen co-storage, characterized in that, include: The first acquisition module is used to acquire the microgrid's forecast data on the day-ahead time scale; wherein, the forecast data includes: electricity price information, renewable energy generation forecast data, and load forecast data; The preliminary scheduling module is used to generate a preliminary scheduling plan on the day-ahead time scale based on the predicted data and the operational constraints of multiple energy units within the microgrid, with the goal of minimizing the total system operating cost; wherein the microgrid includes at least an electrochemical energy storage unit, a hydrogen energy storage unit, and an interaction unit with the external power grid; The second acquisition module is used to acquire real-time monitoring information of the microgrid on a real-time time scale; wherein, the real-time monitoring information includes at least load information, energy storage status information, and pressure information of hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels in the hydrogen energy storage unit; The real-time scheduling module is used to perform rolling revisions to the preliminary scheduling plan based on the real-time monitoring information and generate real-time scheduling instructions. The scheduling and control module is used to control the operating power of the multiple energy units and the interaction power with the external power grid according to the real-time scheduling instructions, and to adjust the flow of hydrogen between the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels according to the pressure information of the hydrogen storage units of different pressure levels during the control process.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the microgrid scheduling method for electro-hydrogen co-storage as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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