Method and system for orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles based on phase separation control, and medium

Abstract

This application discloses a method, system, and medium for orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles based on phase-separate control, relating to the field of smart grid and charging facility management technology. The method includes: determining whether a power reduction trigger condition or a power increase trigger condition has been met based on the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of a substation; if the power reduction trigger condition is met, a power reduction is performed; the target power of a first controllable device is determined through device shutdown and power reallocation, and a power scheduling command is issued so that the actual power of the first controllable device is the target power; if the power increase trigger condition is met, a power increase is performed; the target power of a second controllable device is determined through device restart and power reallocation, and a power scheduling command is issued so that the actual power of the second controllable device is the target power. This application can complete orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles based on phase-separate control, improving grid security.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of smart grid and charging facility management technology, and in particular to an orderly charging scheduling method, system and medium for electric vehicles based on phase-separated control. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid growth of electric vehicle ownership, their disorderly charging behavior has exacerbated the peak-valley difference in power grid load, and may even impact weak distribution networks in older residential areas, increasing the difficulty of peak regulation and affecting power quality. Therefore, it is urgent to smooth power grid load fluctuations and promote the consumption of renewable energy sources such as wind power and solar power through orderly charging scheduling (or orderly charging management).

[0003] However, most of the relevant orderly charging scheduling schemes focus on the centralized control of the total power of charging equipment (such as charging piles). When the total power exceeds the limit, the power of the charging equipment is scheduled. However, in the actual power distribution network, a large number of charging equipment are single-phase connected, which can easily lead to three-phase imbalance and situations where the power of a single phase exceeds the limit but the total power does not exceed the limit. The relevant orderly charging scheduling schemes are difficult to handle effectively. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method, system and medium for orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles based on phase-separated control, which can solve the problems of three-phase imbalance and single-phase power over-limit caused by the access of single-phase charging equipment, and improve the safety of the power grid.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following solution.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles based on phase-separation control, the method comprising: Obtain the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of the sub-station area; the sub-station area is the area that needs to be scheduled for orderly charging of electric vehicles, and the real-time single-phase power includes the real-time A-phase power, the real-time B-phase power and the real-time C-phase power. Based on the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of the substation area, determine whether the power reduction trigger condition or the power increase trigger condition has been met. If the power reduction trigger condition is met, power reduction is performed: A first adjustable device is identified, and its target power is determined through device shutdown and power reallocation. A power scheduling command is then issued to the first adjustable device so that its actual power is the target power. The first adjustable device is a charging device used to charge electric vehicles. Device shutdown occurs when the first adjustable power is less than the required power reduction; the first adjustable device is selected and shut down until the first adjustable power is greater than or equal to the required power reduction. Then, power reallocation is performed, which involves calculating the first power to be allocated and distributing it to all working first adjustable devices. If the allocated power of any working first adjustable device is less than the minimum working power, the device is shut down again until the allocated power of all working first adjustable devices is greater than or equal to the minimum working power. If the power increase trigger condition is met, a power increase is performed: the second adjustable device is identified, and the target power of the second adjustable device is determined through device restart and device power reallocation. A power scheduling command is then issued to the second adjustable device so that the actual power of the second adjustable device is the target power. The second adjustable device is a charging device. Device restart is to restart the second adjustable device that has been shut down at the minimum operating power until the required power increase is less than or equal to 0, or there is no second adjustable device that has been shut down. Device power reallocation is to calculate the second power to be allocated and distribute the second power to be allocated to all the second adjustable devices that are operating.

[0007] Optionally, the power reduction trigger condition is: any real-time single-phase power is greater than or equal to the single-phase power limit, or the real-time total power is greater than or equal to the total power limit. The single-phase power limit includes the power limit of phase A, the power limit of phase B, and the power limit of phase C. In this case, the first adjustable device is determined, specifically including: If the real-time total power is greater than or equal to the upper limit of total power, then the power of the excess total power needs to be reduced, and all charging devices in the sub-station area that are in the charging state are identified as the first adjustable devices. If the real-time total power is less than the total power limit, and the real-time single-phase power is greater than or equal to the single-phase power limit, then the power of the excess single-phase needs to be reduced. In this case, if the real-time A-phase power is greater than or equal to the A-phase power limit, then the A-phase power needs to be reduced, and all charging devices connected to A-phase in the sub-station area that are in a charging state are identified as the first adjustable devices. If the real-time B-phase power is greater than or equal to the B-phase power limit, then the B-phase power needs to be reduced, and all charging devices connected to B-phase in the sub-station area that are in a charging state are identified as the first adjustable devices. If the real-time C-phase power is greater than or equal to the C-phase power limit, then the C-phase power needs to be reduced, and all charging devices connected to C-phase in the sub-station area that are in a charging state are identified as the first adjustable devices.

[0008] Optionally, the target power of the first adjustable device is determined by device shutdown and device power reallocation, specifically including: Calculate the power reduction required for the substation area; the power reduction required is the difference between the over-limit power and the corresponding upper limit of the power, where the over-limit power is the total over-limit power or the single-phase over-limit power. Calculate the first adjustable power of the substation area; the first adjustable power is the sum of the first power differences of all the first adjustable devices in operation, and the first power difference is the difference between the actual power of the first adjustable device and the minimum operating power. Determine whether the first adjustable power is greater than or equal to the power that needs to be reduced, and obtain the first determination result; If the first judgment result is negative, then the equipment is shut down. The first adjustable equipment that is working is shut down, the difference between the power to be reduced and the actual power of the newly shut down first adjustable equipment is calculated, the updated power to be reduced is obtained, and the updated power to be reduced is used as the power to be reduced in the next iteration. Then, the process returns to the step of "calculating the first adjustable power of the sub-station area". If the first judgment result is yes, then the equipment power is redistributed. The sum of the actual power of the first adjustable equipment in all operations is calculated to obtain the sum power. The difference between the sum power and the power to be reduced is calculated to obtain the first power to be allocated. The first power to be allocated is allocated to the first adjustable equipment in all operations to obtain the allocated power of the first adjustable equipment in each operation. If the allocated power of the first adjustable device in any operation is less than the minimum operating power, then the first adjustable device in the operation with an allocated power less than the minimum operating power is shut down, and the process returns to the step of "calculating the difference between the power to be reduced and the actual power of the newly shut-down first adjustable device"; if the allocated power of the first adjustable device in all operations is greater than or equal to the minimum operating power, then the allocated power of the first adjustable device in each operation is taken as the target power of the first adjustable device in each operation, and 0 is taken as the target power of the shut-down first adjustable device, in order to determine the target power of the first adjustable device.

[0009] Optionally, before shutting down a first adjustable device that is in operation, the method further includes: If all the first adjustable devices that are working are shut down and the power needs to be reduced by more than 0, then all the lower-level sub-stations with the ability to reduce power are determined. The lower-level sub-stations with the ability to reduce power are the lower-level sub-stations with a target charging device whose actual power is greater than the minimum working power. The target charging device and the first adjustable device are the charging devices connected to the same phase. Select a lower-level substation with the ability to reduce power as the first target substation. Reduce the first target power limit of the first target substation by a first preset value. Calculate the difference between the power to be reduced and the first preset value to obtain the first difference power. The first target power limit and the power limit corresponding to the over-limit power are in phase. If the first difference power is less than or equal to 0, or there is no lower-level substation with the ability to reduce power, then the power reduction ends; if the first difference power is greater than 0, and there is a lower-level substation with the ability to reduce power, then the first difference power is used as the power to be reduced in the next iteration, and the process returns to the step of "determining all lower-level substations with the ability to reduce power".

[0010] Optionally, shutting down a working first adjustable device specifically includes: selecting a working first adjustable device as the device to be shut down according to preset principles, and shutting down the device to be shut down; the preset principles are: selecting the device to be shut down in the order of shutting down DC charging devices first and then AC charging devices, selecting the device to be shut down in the order of shutting down from shortest working time to longest working time, selecting the device to be shut down in the order of shutting down from largest to smallest actual power, or selecting the device to be shut down in the order of shutting down from lowest to highest charging device priority; The first power to be allocated is distributed to all the first adjustable devices that are working, specifically including: distributing the first power to be allocated to all the first adjustable devices that are working according to a preset ratio; the preset ratio is the ratio of the maximum working power of all the first adjustable devices that are working.

[0011] Optionally, the power increase trigger condition is: all real-time single-phase power is less than or equal to the lower limit of single-phase power, or the real-time total power is less than or equal to the lower limit of total power. The lower limit of single-phase power includes the lower limit of power for phase A, phase B, and phase C. In this case, the second adjustable device is determined, specifically including: If the real-time total power is less than or equal to the lower limit of total power, then the total power needs to be increased, and all charging devices in the sub-station area that need to charge electric vehicles are identified as the second adjustable devices. If the real-time total power is greater than the lower limit of total power, and the real-time single-phase power is less than or equal to the lower limit of single-phase power, then the power of phase A, phase B, and phase C needs to be increased respectively. When increasing the power of phase A, all charging devices connected to phase A in the sub-station area that need to charge electric vehicles are identified as the second adjustable devices. When increasing the power of phase B, all charging devices connected to phase B in the sub-station area that need to charge electric vehicles are identified as the second adjustable devices. When increasing the power of phase C, all charging devices connected to phase C in the sub-station area that need to charge electric vehicles are identified as the second adjustable devices.

[0012] Optionally, the target power of the second adjustable device is determined through device restart and device power reallocation, specifically including: Calculate the required power increase for each substation area; when the total power needs to be increased, the required power increase is the difference between the lower limit of the total power and the real-time total power; when the single-phase power needs to be increased, the required power increase is the difference between the lower limit of the single-phase power and the real-time single-phase power. Determine if the required power increase is greater than 0 to obtain the second determination result; If the second judgment result is negative, then the power increase will end. If the second judgment result is yes, then determine whether there is a second adjustable device that has been shut down; If so, restart the equipment, restart a shut-down second adjustable device, and the actual power of the restarted second adjustable device is the minimum working power. Calculate the difference between the power to be increased and the actual power of the newly restarted second adjustable device to obtain the updated power to be increased. Use the updated power to be increased as the power to be increased in the next iteration, and return to the step of "determine whether the power to be increased is greater than 0". If not, then the equipment power is redistributed. The second adjustable power of the sub-station area is calculated, and the sum of the power to be increased and the second adjustable power is calculated to obtain the second power to be allocated. The second power to be allocated is allocated to all the second adjustable devices in operation to obtain the allocated power of the second adjustable device in each operation. The sum of the allocated power of the second adjustable device in each operation and the minimum operating power is calculated to obtain the target power of the second adjustable device in each operation, so as to determine the target power of the second adjustable device. The second adjustable power is the sum of the second power differences of all the second adjustable devices in operation. The second power difference is the difference between the actual power of the second adjustable device and the minimum operating power.

[0013] Optionally, before performing device power redistribution, the method further includes: Determine if there are any lower-level substations where the second target power limit has been lowered; the second target power limit and the power that needs to be increased are in phase; If not, then perform equipment power redistribution; If so, select a lower-level substation where the second target power upper limit has been reduced as the second target substation, increase the second target power upper limit of the second target substation by a second preset value, so that the second target power upper limit of the second target substation is restored to the set value before it was reduced, calculate the difference between the power to be increased and the second preset value, obtain the second difference power, use the second difference power as the power to be increased in the next iteration, and return to the step of "determine whether the power to be increased is greater than 0".

[0014] Secondly, this application provides an orderly charging scheduling system for electric vehicles based on phase-separated regulation, the system comprising: an energy routing unit and a scheduling platform; The energy routing unit is used to collect the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of the substation area; The scheduling platform is communicatively connected to the energy routing unit; the scheduling platform is used to execute the above-mentioned electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separated regulation.

[0015] Thirdly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described orderly charging scheduling method for electric vehicles based on phase-separation control.

[0016] According to the specific embodiments provided in this application, this application has the following technical effects.

[0017] This application provides a method, system, and medium for orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles based on phase-separate control. It obtains the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of a substation area. Based on these figures, it determines whether a power reduction trigger condition or a power increase trigger condition has been met. If the power reduction trigger condition is met, a power reduction is performed. A first controllable device is identified, and its target power is determined through device shutdown and power reallocation. A power scheduling command is issued to the first controllable device, making its actual power the target power. If the power increase trigger condition is met, a power increase is performed. A second controllable device is identified, and its target power is determined through device restart and power reallocation. A power scheduling command is issued to the second controllable device, making its actual power the target power. This allows for scheduling of the target power of charging devices when both single-phase power and total power exceed limits. By completing orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles based on phase-separate control, it can solve the three-phase imbalance and single-phase power over-limit problems caused by single-phase charging device access, thus improving grid security. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an orderly charging scheduling method for electric vehicles based on phase-separation control, provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0020] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the topology of sub-station model A provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the topology of sub-area model B provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a connection diagram for both sub-stations in Embodiment 1 of this application when Model A is used.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection of the two-level sub-stations provided in Embodiment 1 of this application when Model A and Model B are used respectively.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the power scheduling process provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the process for power reduction in equipment shutdown and power redistribution provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the process for reducing the lower-level substation limit for power reduction provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the process of device restart and device power redistribution provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0028] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the process for restoring the lower-level substation limit during power increase, as provided in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided in Embodiment 3 of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles based on phase-separation control, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase control includes the following steps S1-S4.

[0032] Step S1: Obtain the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of the sub-station area; the sub-station area is the area where orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles is required, and the real-time single-phase power includes the real-time A-phase power, real-time B-phase power and real-time C-phase power.

[0033] Step S2: Based on the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of the substation area, determine whether the power reduction trigger condition or the power increase trigger condition has been met.

[0034] Step S3: If the power reduction trigger condition is met, power reduction is performed: The first adjustable device is identified, and its target power is determined through device shutdown and power reallocation. A power scheduling command is then issued to the first adjustable device so that its actual power is the target power. The first adjustable device is a charging device used to charge electric vehicles. Device shutdown occurs when the first adjustable power is less than the required power reduction; the first adjustable device is selected and shut down until the first adjustable power is greater than or equal to the required power reduction. Then, power reallocation is performed, which involves calculating the first power to be allocated and distributing it to all working first adjustable devices. If the allocated power of any working first adjustable device is less than the minimum working power, the device is shut down again until the allocated power of all working first adjustable devices is greater than or equal to the minimum working power.

[0035] Step S4: If the power increase trigger condition is met, then power increase is performed: the second adjustable device is identified, the target power of the second adjustable device is determined through device restart and device power reallocation, and a power scheduling command is issued to the second adjustable device so that the actual power of the second adjustable device is the target power; the second adjustable device is a charging device; device restart is to restart the second adjustable device that has been shut down at the minimum operating power until the power to be increased is less than or equal to 0, or there is no second adjustable device that has been shut down; device power reallocation is to calculate the second power to be allocated and allocate the second power to be allocated to all the second adjustable devices that are working.

[0036] By implementing steps S1-S4 above, this embodiment can schedule the target power of the charging equipment when both single-phase power and total power exceed the limit. Based on phase-by-phase control, it completes the orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles, which can solve the three-phase imbalance and single-phase power over-limit problems caused by the access of single-phase charging equipment and improve the safety of the power grid.

[0037] Furthermore, in complex multi-level distribution networks (such as those including multiple sub-distribution areas), there is a lack of a dynamic, hierarchically coordinated power limit reduction and restoration mechanism, making it difficult to achieve refined and adaptive scheduling across the entire network. Therefore, this embodiment further introduces lower-level sub-distribution area limit reduction when power is reduced, and lower-level sub-distribution area limit restoration when power is increased. Based on this hierarchical and zone-based approach, orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles is achieved. This solves the problem of lacking a dynamic, hierarchically coordinated power limit reduction and restoration mechanism in complex multi-level distribution networks, hindering the achievement of refined and adaptive scheduling across the entire network and improving grid security.

[0038] In summary, this embodiment proposes an orderly charging scheduling method for electric vehicles based on phase-by-phase control and hierarchical regional division. Its core is to construct a distribution network model with sub-distribution areas as the smallest scheduling unit. The power of sub-distribution areas is collected in real time through Energy Routing Units (ERUs) to obtain real-time single-phase power and real-time total power. The central dispatching platform (hereinafter referred to as the dispatching platform) executes an intelligent dispatching algorithm that includes phase-by-phase judgment and hierarchical linkage to adjust the power down and up. Thus, orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles is completed based on phase-by-phase control and hierarchical regional division, thereby improving the safety of the power grid.

[0039] The sub-station area addressed in this embodiment will be described below.

[0040] This embodiment constructs a distribution network model with sub-distribution areas as the smallest scheduling unit (i.e., the smallest unit of orderly charging scheduling). Sub-distribution areas are the regions where orderly charging scheduling for electric vehicles is required. Figure 2 As shown, each sub-area is bound to a charging station. Each sub-area (Model A) includes a main energy routing unit (main ERU), a secondary energy routing unit (secondary ERU), charging equipment in the charging station (such as charging piles for charging electric vehicles), multiple secondary energy routing units (secondary ERUs), and multiple residential loads (or residential loads). It may also include discharging equipment (such as energy storage equipment), or it may not include secondary ERUs and residential loads. The secondary ERU is used to collect the power of the charging and discharging equipment, and the secondary ERU is used to collect the power of the residential loads. When performing power scheduling on the sub-area, the charging equipment and its subordinate sub-areas can be adjusted simultaneously.

[0041] Multiple substations can be connected through parent-child relationships to form a hierarchical scheduling network. From the perspective of circuit connection, when a main road is used as a substation, the substations corresponding to the branches of that main road are the lower-level substations of the substations corresponding to that main road. When power scheduling is performed on the substations corresponding to that main road, its lower-level substations are considered as loads, and the power scheduling of the charging equipment in its lower-level substations is not considered.

[0042] In certain special circumstances, sub-stations may not be individually linked to charging stations, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the sub-region (Model B) at this time does not include charging equipment, but only includes one master ERU, multiple slave ERUs and multiple residential loads. When performing power dispatch on the sub-region, only its subordinate sub-regions can be adjusted.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, this is a connection diagram when both sub-regions use Model A. In this case, when performing power scheduling on a sub-region, it is possible to simultaneously adjust the charging equipment within it (device shutdown and power redistribution when power is reduced, and device restart and power redistribution when power is increased) and its lower-level sub-regions (lower-level sub-region limits are reduced when power is reduced, and lower-level sub-region limits are restored when power is increased). Figure 5 As shown, this is a connection diagram when the two-level substations adopt Model A and Model B respectively. At this time, when the power is scheduled for the substation, only its lower-level substations can be adjusted (the lower-level substation limit is lowered when the power is reduced and the lower-level substation limit is restored when the power is increased).

[0044] The primary ERU is responsible for collecting the real-time total power of its power line and the real-time single-phase power of phases A, B, and C, and uploading this data to the dispatch platform as the basis for subsequent power dispatch decisions. In Model A, a secondary ERU can be configured to collect power information from charging equipment more accurately.

[0045] The charging device of this embodiment will be described below.

[0046] This embodiment performs phase sensing and phase configuration, configuring and installing phase attributes for each charging device. Specifically, in the device management model of the scheduling platform, each charging device is configured and installed with phase attributes (specifically using an installation phase field, such as 1 representing phase A, 2 representing phase B, and 3 representing phase C). Based on these installation phase attributes, the scheduling platform can accurately identify the grid phase to which any charging device is connected, laying the foundation for subsequent phase-by-phase control.

[0047] The following, combined with Figure 6 This paper provides a detailed introduction to the electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase control and partitioned hierarchical classification used in this embodiment.

[0048] (a) Power data acquisition In this embodiment, the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of the substation area are obtained. The real-time single-phase power includes the real-time A-phase power, the real-time B-phase power, and the real-time C-phase power.

[0049] When collecting power data, the scheduling platform obtains the sub-area information based on the ID of the main ERU, and further obtains the installation phase attributes of all charging equipment in the charging station associated with the sub-area. At the same time, it reads the real-time three-phase power and real-time total power uploaded by the main ERU from the cache.

[0050] (ii) Scheduling judgment In this embodiment, the power reduction trigger condition or the power increase trigger condition is determined based on the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of the substation area. The power reduction trigger condition is: any real-time single-phase power is greater than or equal to the single-phase power upper limit, or the real-time total power is greater than or equal to the total power upper limit. The single-phase power upper limit includes the A-phase power upper limit, the B-phase power upper limit, and the C-phase power upper limit. The power increase trigger condition is: all real-time single-phase power is less than or equal to the single-phase power lower limit, or the real-time total power is less than or equal to the total power lower limit. The single-phase power lower limit includes the A-phase power lower limit, the B-phase power lower limit, and the C-phase power lower limit.

[0051] This embodiment introduces a dual-judgment scheduling triggering mechanism based on phase power and total power. In this case, after receiving the real-time three-phase power and real-time total power uploaded by the master ERU, the scheduling platform determines whether to trigger power scheduling according to the following logic: (1) Power reduction triggering conditions (used to determine whether power reduction is needed; if any of the following conditions are met, it is determined that power reduction is needed and power reduction is triggered): 1) Phase power judgment: The real-time single-phase power of any phase is greater than or equal to the single-phase power limit, that is, the real-time A phase power is greater than or equal to the A phase power limit, the real-time B phase power is greater than or equal to the B phase power limit, or the real-time C phase power is greater than or equal to the C phase power limit. The single-phase power limit is the dynamic phase power limit set by the sub-station area, which is set by the configuration personnel of the charging station bound to the sub-station area.

[0052] 2) Total power judgment: The real-time total power is greater than or equal to the total power limit. The total power limit is the dynamic capacity set by the sub-station area, which is set by the configuration personnel of the charging station bound to the sub-station area.

[0053] 3) Priority: If both of the above conditions are met at the same time, that is, both the phase power and the total power exceed the limit, the total power exceeding the limit will be processed first.

[0054] (2) Power increase triggering conditions (used to determine whether a power increase is needed; if any of the following conditions are met, a power increase is determined and a power increase is triggered): 1) Phase power judgment: The real-time single-phase power of all phases is less than or equal to the lower limit of single-phase power, that is, the real-time A phase power is less than or equal to the lower limit of A phase power, the real-time B phase power is less than or equal to the lower limit of B phase power, and the real-time C phase power is less than or equal to the lower limit of C phase power. The lower limit of single-phase power is the lower limit of the callback phase power set by the sub-station area, which is set by the configuration personnel of the charging station bound to the sub-station area. Generally, the upper limit of single-phase power is multiplied by a coefficient greater than 0 and less than 1, such as 0.95. This coefficient can be manually configured by the configuration personnel.

[0055] 2) Total power judgment: The real-time total power is less than or equal to the lower limit of total power. The lower limit of total power is the callback capacity set by the sub-station area, which is set by the configuration personnel of the charging station bound to the sub-station area. Generally, the upper limit of total power is multiplied by a coefficient greater than 0 and less than 1, such as 0.95. This coefficient can be manually configured by the configuration personnel.

[0056] 3) Priority: If both of the above conditions are met at the same time, that is, both the phase power and the total power exceed the limit, the total power exceeding the limit will be processed first.

[0057] If the triggered power is reduced or increased, the scheduling power is calculated. When the triggered power is reduced, the power to be reduced is calculated; when the triggered power is increased, the power to be increased is calculated. Then, a scheduling queue is generated, and it is determined whether it is single-phase power scheduling or total power scheduling. If it is single-phase power scheduling (i.e., the phase-specific power judgment condition is met, but the total power judgment condition is not met), all charging devices connected to the single phase being scheduled are added to the scheduling queue. If it is total power scheduling (i.e., the total power judgment condition is met, regardless of whether the phase-specific power judgment condition is met), all charging devices in the sub-station area are added to the scheduling queue. Finally, power scheduling is performed. When the triggered power is reduced, the power reduction process is executed based on the power to be reduced and the scheduling queue. When the triggered power is increased, the power increase process is executed based on the power to be increased and the scheduling queue. The target power of each charging device in the scheduling queue is determined, and a power scheduling command is issued so that the actual power of each charging device in the scheduling queue is equal to the target power, thus charging the electric vehicles and completing the orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles.

[0058] Power scheduling is divided into two directions: power downscaling and power upscaling. Both power downscaling and power upscaling adopt a hierarchical and collaborative scheduling method, which includes multi-level coordinated scheduling strategies.

[0059] (iii) Power reduction In this embodiment, if the power reduction trigger condition is met, power reduction is performed: a first adjustable device is identified, and the target power of the first adjustable device is determined through device shutdown and device power reallocation. A power scheduling command is then issued to the first adjustable device so that the actual power of the first adjustable device is the target power. The first adjustable device is a charging device used to charge electric vehicles. Device shutdown occurs when the first adjustable power is less than the power to be reduced. The first adjustable device is selected and shut down until the first adjustable power is greater than or equal to the power to be reduced. Then, device power reallocation is performed. Device power reallocation involves calculating the first power to be allocated and distributing it to all working first adjustable devices. If the allocated power of any working first adjustable device is less than the minimum working power, the device is shut down again until the allocated power of all working first adjustable devices is greater than or equal to the minimum working power.

[0060] like Figure 7 As shown, the power reduction design in this embodiment includes equipment shutdown and equipment power redistribution: (1) Stage 1, equipment shutdown: Calculate the first adjustable power of all equipment in the scheduling queue of the substation area (which includes all first adjustable equipment at this time) when working at the minimum operating power (e.g., 3.3kW). If the first adjustable power is less than the power to be reduced, select and shut down some equipment in the scheduling queue according to the preset principle and update the power to be reduced. Otherwise, perform equipment power redistribution.

[0061] (2) Stage 2, Equipment power redistribution: Calculate the sum power and the first power to be allocated. For the remaining un-shutdown (i.e. working) equipment in the scheduling queue, redistribute the first power to be allocated proportionally according to its maximum power capacity to obtain the allocated power of each un-shutdown equipment. If the allocated power of any un-shutdown equipment is less than the minimum working power, then shut down the un-shutdown equipment whose allocated power is less than the minimum working power, update the power to be reduced, and shut down the equipment again. If the allocated power of all un-shutdown equipment is greater than or equal to the minimum working power, then the allocated power of each un-shutdown equipment is taken as the target power of each un-shutdown equipment. At the same time, the target power of the shut-down equipment in the scheduling queue is 0. Obtain and output the target power of each equipment in the scheduling queue.

[0062] In this embodiment, determining the first adjustable device specifically includes: (1) If the real-time total power is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the total power, it is considered that the total power exceeds the limit. At this time, it is not necessary to determine whether the phase power exceeds the limit. Instead, the power of the excess total power needs to be reduced, and all charging devices in the sub-station area that are in the charging state (i.e., charging electric vehicles) are identified as the first adjustable devices.

[0063] (2) If the real-time total power is less than the upper limit of the total power, and the real-time single-phase power is greater than or equal to the upper limit of the single-phase power, that is, it is not the total power exceeding the limit, but the single-phase power exceeding the limit. Then, the power of the single-phase power exceeding the limit needs to be reduced. At this time, if the real-time A phase power is greater than or equal to the upper limit of A phase power, the power of A phase needs to be reduced. All charging devices connected to A phase in the sub-station area that are in the charging state are determined as the first adjustable devices. If the real-time B phase power is greater than or equal to the upper limit of B phase power, the power of B phase needs to be reduced. All charging devices connected to B phase in the sub-station area that are in the charging state are determined as the first adjustable devices. If the real-time C phase power is greater than or equal to the upper limit of C phase power, the power of C phase needs to be reduced. All charging devices connected to C phase in the sub-station area that are in the charging state are determined as the first adjustable devices.

[0064] It should be noted that all the first adjustable devices constitute the scheduling queue when the power is reduced.

[0065] In this embodiment, the target power of the first adjustable device is determined by shutting down the device and redistributing its power, specifically including: (1) Calculate the power to be reduced in the substation area. The power to be reduced is the difference between the over-limit power and the upper limit of the power corresponding to the over-limit power. The over-limit power is the total power or the single-phase power that exceeds the limit. If the total power exceeds the limit, the over-limit power is the total power that exceeds the limit. The upper limit of the power corresponding to the over-limit power is the upper limit of the total power. The power to be reduced is the real-time total power minus the upper limit of the total power. If the power of a single phase exceeds the limit, the over-limit power is the single-phase power that exceeds the limit. The upper limit of the power corresponding to the over-limit power is the upper limit of the single-phase power corresponding to the over-limit single-phase power. The power to be reduced is the real-time single-phase power minus the upper limit of the single-phase power. For example, the real-time A-phase power minus the upper limit of the A-phase power, the real-time B-phase power minus the upper limit of the B-phase power, or the real-time C-phase power minus the upper limit of the C-phase power.

[0066] (2) Calculate the first adjustable power of the substation area. The first adjustable power is the sum of the first power differences of all the first adjustable devices in operation. The first power difference is the difference between the actual power of the first adjustable device and the minimum operating power.

[0067] (3) Determine whether the first adjustable power is greater than or equal to the power that needs to be reduced, and obtain the first judgment result.

[0068] (4) If the first judgment result is negative, then the equipment is shut down. The first adjustable equipment that is working is shut down. The difference between the power to be reduced and the actual power of the newly shut down (i.e. the first adjustable equipment that has just been shut down) is calculated to obtain the updated power to be reduced (the updated power to be reduced) and the updated power to be reduced is used as the power to be reduced in the next iteration. Then, the process of “calculating the first adjustable power of the substation area” is returned.

[0069] In this embodiment, devices are selected and shut down according to preset principles. Specifically, shutting down a working first adjustable device involves: selecting a working first adjustable device as the device to be shut down according to preset principles; and shutting down the device to be shut down. The preset principles are: selecting devices to be shut down according to the shutdown order of DC charging devices first, then AC charging devices (i.e., shutting down DC charging devices first, then AC charging devices); selecting devices to be shut down according to the shutdown order of shortest to longest working time (i.e., shutting down charging devices that were connected later first, prioritizing the use of charging devices that were connected earlier); selecting devices to be shut down according to the shutdown order of largest to smallest actual power (i.e., shutting down charging devices with the largest actual power first, and shutting down devices in order of actual power size; actual power can also be replaced by electricity consumption); or selecting devices to be shut down according to the shutdown order of charging device priority from lowest to highest (priority can be customized by the user).

[0070] (5) If the first judgment result is yes, then the equipment power is redistributed, the sum of the actual power of the first adjustable equipment of all the work is calculated, the sum power is obtained, the difference between the sum power and the power to be reduced is calculated, the first power to be allocated is obtained, the first power to be allocated is allocated to the first adjustable equipment of all the work, and the allocated power of the first adjustable equipment of each work is obtained.

[0071] The first power to be allocated is distributed to all the first adjustable devices that are working, specifically including: distributing the first power to be allocated to all the first adjustable devices that are working according to a preset ratio, wherein the preset ratio is the ratio of the maximum working power of all the first adjustable devices that are working.

[0072] After obtaining the allocated power of the first adjustable device for each job, check whether the allocated power of the first adjustable device for each job is less than the minimum working power.

[0073] (6) If the allocated power of the first adjustable device in any work is less than the minimum working power, then the first adjustable device in the work whose allocated power is less than the minimum working power is shut down, and return to the step of "calculating the difference between the power to be reduced and the actual power of the newly shut down first adjustable device"; if the allocated power of the first adjustable device in all work is greater than or equal to the minimum working power, then the allocated power of the first adjustable device in each work is taken as the target power of the first adjustable device in each work, and 0 is taken as the target power of the shut down first adjustable device, so as to determine the target power of the first adjustable device.

[0074] like Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment can be further designed to reduce power by including: Phase 3, Lowering the Limit for Sub-stations: If the lowering demand cannot be met even after all devices in the scheduling queue of a sub-station are shut down (i.e., the required power reduction is greater than 0), the scheduling platform will search all its lower-level sub-stations, identify the lower-level sub-stations with the ability to reduce the power (also known as unsaturated lower-level sub-stations), and sequentially lower the first target power limit of the lower-level sub-stations with the ability to reduce the power, indirectly limiting their power, until the required power reduction is less than or equal to 0, or all lower-level sub-stations have no ability to reduce the power (i.e., saturation is reached).

[0075] At this point, before shutting down the first adjustable device that is in operation, the electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separated control in this embodiment further includes: (1) If all the first adjustable devices are shut down and the required power reduction is greater than 0, then no further shutdown or power redistribution will be performed. All lower-level substations with the ability to reduce power will be identified. These lower-level substations are those with a target charging device whose actual power is greater than the minimum operating power. The target charging device and the first adjustable device are charging devices connected to the same phase. Connecting to the same phase means that all are connected to phase A, all are connected to phase B, all are connected to phase C, or all are connected to three phases.

[0076] (2) Select a lower-level substation with the ability to reduce power as the first target substation, reduce the first target power limit of the first target substation by a first preset value, calculate the difference between the power to be reduced and the first preset value, and deduct the corresponding power value from the power to be reduced to obtain the first difference power. The power limit corresponding to the first target power limit and the power limit corresponding to the over-limit power are in the same phase, that is, both are the power limit of phase A, both are the power limit of phase B, both are the power limit of phase C, or both are the total power limit.

[0077] (3) If the first difference power is less than or equal to 0, or there is no lower-level sub-station with the ability to reduce power, then the power reduction ends. If the first difference power is greater than 0, and there is a lower-level sub-station with the ability to reduce power, then the first difference power is used as the power to be reduced in the next iteration, and the process returns to the step of "determining all lower-level sub-stations with the ability to reduce power".

[0078] (iv) Power increase In this embodiment, if the power increase trigger condition is met, a power increase is performed: the second adjustable device is identified, the target power of the second adjustable device is determined through device restart and device power reallocation, and a power scheduling command is issued to the second adjustable device so that the actual power of the second adjustable device is the target power. The second adjustable device is a charging device. Device restart is to restart the second adjustable device that has been shut down at the minimum operating power until the power to be increased is less than or equal to 0, or there is no second adjustable device that has been shut down. Device power reallocation is to calculate the second power to be allocated and allocate the second power to be allocated to all the second adjustable devices that are working.

[0079] like Figure 9 As shown, the power increase design in this embodiment includes device restart and device power redistribution: (1) Phase 1, Equipment restart: Prioritize restarting the shut-down equipment in the scheduling queue with the minimum operating power, and update the power to be increased until the power to be increased is less than 0, or there are no shut-down equipment.

[0080] (2) Stage 2, Equipment power redistribution: Calculate the second power to be allocated. For the currently working equipment in the scheduling queue, redistribute the second power to be allocated proportionally according to its maximum power capacity to obtain the allocated power of each working equipment. Increase the allocated power on the basis of the minimum working power to obtain the target power of each working equipment. At the same time, the target power of the shut-down equipment in the scheduling queue is 0. Obtain and output the target power of each equipment in the scheduling queue to achieve load optimization and improvement.

[0081] In this embodiment, determining the second adjustable device specifically includes: (1) If the real-time total power is less than or equal to the lower limit of the total power, then the total power exceeds the limit. At this time, it is not necessary to determine whether the phase power exceeds the limit. Instead, the total power needs to be increased, and all charging equipment in the sub-station area that needs to charge electric vehicles is identified as the second adjustable equipment.

[0082] (2) If the real-time total power is greater than the lower limit of total power, and the real-time single-phase power is less than or equal to the lower limit of single-phase power, then the phase power exceeds the limit. It is necessary to adjust the power of phase A, phase B and phase C respectively. When adjusting the power of phase A, all charging devices connected to phase A in the sub-station area that need to charge electric vehicles are identified as the second adjustable devices. When adjusting the power of phase B, all charging devices connected to phase B in the sub-station area that need to charge electric vehicles are identified as the second adjustable devices. When adjusting the power of phase C, all charging devices connected to phase C in the sub-station area that need to charge electric vehicles are identified as the second adjustable devices.

[0083] It should be noted that all the second adjustable devices constitute the scheduling queue when the power is increased.

[0084] In this embodiment, the target power of the second adjustable device is determined by device restart and device power reallocation, specifically including: (1) Calculate the power to be increased in the substation area. When the total power needs to be increased, the power to be increased is the difference between the lower limit of the total power and the real-time total power. When the power of a single phase needs to be increased, the power to be increased is the difference between the lower limit of the single phase power and the real-time single phase power, that is, the difference between the lower limit of the A phase power and the real-time A phase power, the difference between the lower limit of the B phase power and the real-time B phase power, or the difference between the lower limit of the C phase power and the real-time C phase power.

[0085] (2) Determine whether the power to be increased is greater than 0, and obtain the second judgment result.

[0086] (3) If the second judgment result is negative, the power increase ends.

[0087] (4) If the second judgment result is yes, check whether there is a shut-down device in the sub-station area and determine whether there is a shut-down second controllable device.

[0088] (5) If so, restart the equipment, restart a shut-down second adjustable device, and the actual power of the restarted second adjustable device is the minimum working power. Calculate the difference between the power to be increased and the actual power of the newly restarted (i.e. just restarted) second adjustable device to obtain the updated power to be increased, and use the updated power to be increased as the power to be increased in the next iteration, and return to the step of "determine whether the power to be increased is greater than 0".

[0089] If there is a second adjustable device that is shut down, but the required power increase is less than or equal to 0, then the target power of each working second adjustable device is the actual power, while the target power of the shut-down second adjustable device is 0, so as to determine the target power of the second adjustable device.

[0090] (6) If not, then perform equipment power redistribution, calculate the second adjustable power of the sub-station area, calculate the sum of the power to be increased and the second adjustable power to obtain the second power to be allocated, allocate the second power to be allocated to all the second adjustable devices in operation, obtain the allocated power of the second adjustable devices in each operation, calculate the sum of the allocated power of the second adjustable devices in each operation and the minimum operating power to obtain the target power of the second adjustable devices in each operation, and at the same time, the target power of the second adjustable devices that are shut down is 0, so as to determine the target power of the second adjustable devices. The second adjustable power is the sum of the second power differences of all the second adjustable devices in operation, and the second power difference is the difference between the actual power of the second adjustable device and the minimum operating power.

[0091] The second power to be allocated is distributed to all the second adjustable devices that are in operation, specifically including: distributing the second power to be allocated to all the second adjustable devices that are in operation according to a preset ratio, wherein the preset ratio is the ratio of the maximum operating power of all the second adjustable devices that are in operation.

[0092] like Figure 10 As shown, this embodiment can be further designed to increase power by including: Phase 3, Lower-level substation quota restoration: Locate the lower-level substations whose second target power limit has been reduced (i.e. restricted), restore their second target power limit in turn, and update the power to be increased until the power to be increased is less than or equal to 0, or there are no lower-level substations whose second target power limit has been reduced.

[0093] At this point, before redistributing equipment power, the electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separated control in this embodiment further includes: (1) Determine whether there is a lower-level substation area where the second target power limit has been reduced, and whether the second target power limit and the power that needs to be increased are in the same phase, i.e. both are phase A, both are phase B, both are phase C, or both are three phases.

[0094] (2) If not, then perform equipment power redistribution.

[0095] (3) If so, select a lower-level substation area where the second target power limit is reduced as the second target substation area, increase the second target power limit of the second target substation area by a second preset value, so that the second target power limit of the second target substation area is restored to the set value before it was reduced (i.e., the initial power limit, such as the power limit of phase A, the power limit of phase B, the power limit of phase C, or the total power limit), calculate the difference between the power to be increased and the second preset value, deduct the corresponding recovery power value from the power to be increased, obtain the second difference power, use the second difference power as the power to be increased in the next iteration, and return to the step of "determine whether the power to be increased is greater than 0".

[0096] After power reduction or increase is completed, the target power can be determined. Based on the target power, a power scheduling command is generated. The scheduling platform directly sends the power scheduling command to the charging device, or the scheduling platform sends the power scheduling command to the main ERU, and the main ERU sends the power scheduling command to the charging device.

[0097] This embodiment proposes an orderly charging scheduling method for electric vehicles based on phase-separated control and zone-level hierarchical management. This intelligent orderly charging scheduling method can simultaneously solve the problems of three-phase power balance and multi-level transformer area coordinated scheduling. It constructs a distribution network model with sub-transformer areas as the smallest scheduling unit. The core of this method is: (1) Phase sensing and control: Each charging device is equipped with a phase attribute so that the dispatching platform can identify the grid phase (A, B or C) it is connected to. When power dispatch is triggered, it not only judges whether the total power exceeds the limit, but also judges whether the single-phase power of each phase exceeds the limit in parallel, thereby realizing precise load control down to the phase and fundamentally preventing single-phase overload.

[0098] (2) Hierarchical Coordinated Dispatch: When power is reduced, once the regulation capacity of a single sub-region is exhausted, the dispatching platform will automatically and progressively adjust the power limits (dynamic phase power upper limit or dynamic capacity) of its lower-level sub-regions, thus passing the power constraint down. Conversely, when power is increased, the power limits of its lower-level sub-regions will be restored progressively. This mechanism realizes the dynamic transmission and adaptive coordination of power constraints in the distribution network, adapting to various scenarios from simple distribution boxes to complex multi-level sub-regions.

[0099] (3) Intelligent scheduling strategy: The power scheduling execution process is divided into two directions: power reduction and power increase. Both follow the principle of "equipment layer adjustment first, network layer linkage backup". When the power is reduced, the equipment is first tried to reduce the power smoothly. If necessary, the equipment is shut down. Finally, the power limit of the lower sub-area is reduced. When the power is increased, the equipment is restarted, the power limit of the lower sub-area is restored, and the power of the equipment is increased in the following order. Under the premise of ensuring the safety of the power grid, the charging service capacity is maximized.

[0100] This embodiment constructs a distribution network model with sub-distribution areas as the smallest scheduling unit, and configures and installs phase attributes for each charging device to achieve refined phase-by-phase perception and control of the three-phase load of the power grid. At the same time, a hierarchical collaborative scheduling mechanism is established. When the regulation capacity of the sub-distribution area is insufficient, the power limit of the lower-level sub-distribution area is automatically adjusted to realize the dynamic transmission of power constraints in the distribution network. The scheduling process is divided into two directions: power increase and power decrease, ensuring that the charging service capacity is maximized under the premise of safe and stable operation of the power grid. This effectively solves the problems of three-phase imbalance, local overload and insufficient coordination of multi-level sub-distribution areas (lack of adaptive and collaborative scheduling mechanism in multi-level and complex distribution networks) caused by the centralized access of single-phase charging devices in related technologies.

[0101] This embodiment achieves the following beneficial effects: (1) Refined scheduling: By installing phase attribute markers and phase power judgment, the problem of three-phase imbalance and local overload caused by the centralized access of single-phase charging equipment is effectively solved, and the power grid safety and power quality are improved.

[0102] (2) Adaptive and scalable: The sub-station hierarchical model is adopted. By dynamically adjusting the power limit of the lower-level sub-station, the power limit is automatically transmitted and coordinated in the distribution network. It can adapt to various complex power distribution scenarios, from a single distribution box to complex multi-level transformers, and the system has strong scalability.

[0103] (3) Optimize user experience: When the scheduling strategy is adjusted downwards, all devices will be given priority to smooth power reduction before forced shutdown to reduce device shutdowns. When the strategy is adjusted upwards, devices will be restarted first to maximize the protection of users' charging needs. At the same time, when the strategy is adjusted upwards, a combination of device restart and power increase will be adopted to minimize the impact on users' charging while ensuring grid safety.

[0104] (4) Enhance grid resilience: It can effectively reduce peak loads and fill valleys, smooth the grid load curve, provide space for accepting more unstable renewable energy sources (such as photovoltaic and wind power), and help build new power systems.

[0105] Example 2 This embodiment provides an electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling system based on phase-separation control. The electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling system based on phase-separation control includes an energy routing unit and a scheduling platform.

[0106] The energy routing unit is used to collect the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of the substation area.

[0107] The scheduling platform is communicatively connected to the energy routing unit and is used to execute the electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase control in Example 1.

[0108] Example 3 In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows. Figure 11As shown, this computer device includes a processor, memory, input / output (I / O) interfaces, and a communication interface. The processor, memory, and I / O interfaces are connected via a system bus, and the communication interface is also connected to the system bus via the I / O interfaces. The processor provides computational and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system, computer programs, and a database. The internal memory provides the environment for the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The database stores data. The I / O interfaces are used for exchanging information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface is used for communicating with external terminals via a network. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a phase-separated control-based ordered charging scheduling method for electric vehicles.

[0109] Figure 11 The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0110] In one exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separation regulation in Embodiment 1.

[0111] Example 4 In one exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separation regulation in Embodiment 1.

[0112] Example 5 In one exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separation regulation in Embodiment 1.

[0113] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, data stored, data displayed, etc.) involved in this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use and processing of related data must comply with relevant regulations and be authorized by the owner of the corresponding device.

[0114] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0115] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and core ideas of this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for orderly charging scheduling of electric vehicles based on phase-separation control, characterized in that, The method includes: Obtain the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of the sub-station area; the sub-station area is the area that needs to be scheduled for orderly charging of electric vehicles, and the real-time single-phase power includes the real-time A-phase power, the real-time B-phase power and the real-time C-phase power. Based on the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of the substation area, determine whether the power reduction trigger condition or the power increase trigger condition has been met. If the power reduction trigger condition is met, power reduction is performed: A first adjustable device is identified, and its target power is determined through device shutdown and power reallocation. A power scheduling command is then issued to the first adjustable device so that its actual power is the target power. The first adjustable device is a charging device used to charge electric vehicles. Device shutdown occurs when the first adjustable power is less than the required power reduction; the first adjustable device is selected and shut down until the first adjustable power is greater than or equal to the required power reduction. Then, power reallocation is performed, which involves calculating the first power to be allocated and distributing it to all working first adjustable devices. If the allocated power of any working first adjustable device is less than the minimum working power, the device is shut down again until the allocated power of all working first adjustable devices is greater than or equal to the minimum working power. If the power increase trigger condition is met, a power increase is performed: the second adjustable device is identified, and the target power of the second adjustable device is determined through device restart and device power reallocation. A power scheduling command is then issued to the second adjustable device so that the actual power of the second adjustable device is the target power. The second adjustable device is a charging device. Device restart is to restart the second adjustable device that has been shut down at the minimum operating power until the required power increase is less than or equal to 0, or there is no second adjustable device that has been shut down. Device power reallocation is to calculate the second power to be allocated and distribute the second power to be allocated to all the second adjustable devices that are operating.

2. The electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separation control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power reduction trigger condition is: any real-time single-phase power is greater than or equal to the single-phase power limit, or the real-time total power is greater than or equal to the total power limit. The single-phase power limit includes the power limit of phase A, the power limit of phase B, and the power limit of phase C. At this time, the first adjustable device is determined, specifically including: If the real-time total power is greater than or equal to the upper limit of total power, then the power of the excess total power needs to be reduced, and all charging devices in the sub-station area that are in the charging state are identified as the first adjustable devices. If the real-time total power is less than the total power limit, and the real-time single-phase power is greater than or equal to the single-phase power limit, then the power of the excess single-phase needs to be reduced. In this case, if the real-time A-phase power is greater than or equal to the A-phase power limit, then the A-phase power needs to be reduced, and all charging devices connected to A-phase in the sub-station area that are in a charging state are identified as the first adjustable devices. If the real-time B-phase power is greater than or equal to the B-phase power limit, then the B-phase power needs to be reduced, and all charging devices connected to B-phase in the sub-station area that are in a charging state are identified as the first adjustable devices. If the real-time C-phase power is greater than or equal to the C-phase power limit, then the C-phase power needs to be reduced, and all charging devices connected to C-phase in the sub-station area that are in a charging state are identified as the first adjustable devices.

3. The electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separation control according to claim 2, characterized in that, The target power of the first adjustable device is determined by shutting down the device and redistributing its power, specifically including: Calculate the power reduction required for the substation area; the power reduction required is the difference between the over-limit power and the corresponding upper limit of the power, where the over-limit power is the total over-limit power or the single-phase over-limit power. Calculate the first adjustable power of the substation area; the first adjustable power is the sum of the first power differences of all the first adjustable devices in operation, and the first power difference is the difference between the actual power of the first adjustable device and the minimum operating power. Determine whether the first adjustable power is greater than or equal to the power that needs to be reduced, and obtain the first determination result; If the first judgment result is negative, then the equipment is shut down. The first adjustable equipment that is working is shut down, the difference between the power to be reduced and the actual power of the newly shut down first adjustable equipment is calculated, the updated power to be reduced is obtained, and the updated power to be reduced is used as the power to be reduced in the next iteration. Then, the process returns to the step of "calculating the first adjustable power of the sub-station area". If the first judgment result is yes, then the equipment power is redistributed. The sum of the actual power of the first adjustable equipment in all operations is calculated to obtain the sum power. The difference between the sum power and the power to be reduced is calculated to obtain the first power to be allocated. The first power to be allocated is allocated to the first adjustable equipment in all operations to obtain the allocated power of the first adjustable equipment in each operation. If the allocated power of the first adjustable device in any operation is less than the minimum operating power, then the first adjustable device in the operation with an allocated power less than the minimum operating power is shut down, and the process returns to the step of "calculating the difference between the power to be reduced and the actual power of the newly shut-down first adjustable device"; if the allocated power of the first adjustable device in all operations is greater than or equal to the minimum operating power, then the allocated power of the first adjustable device in each operation is taken as the target power of the first adjustable device in each operation, and 0 is taken as the target power of the shut-down first adjustable device, so as to determine the target power of the first adjustable device.

4. The electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separation control according to claim 3, characterized in that, Before shutting down the first adjustable device in a working unit, the method further includes: If all the first adjustable devices that are working are shut down and the power needs to be reduced by more than 0, then all the lower-level sub-stations with the ability to reduce power are determined. The lower-level sub-stations with the ability to reduce power are the lower-level sub-stations with a target charging device whose actual power is greater than the minimum working power. The target charging device and the first adjustable device are the charging devices connected to the same phase. Select a lower-level substation with the ability to reduce power as the first target substation. Reduce the first target power limit of the first target substation by a first preset value. Calculate the difference between the power to be reduced and the first preset value to obtain the first difference power. The first target power limit and the power limit corresponding to the over-limit power are in phase. If the first difference power is less than or equal to 0, or there is no lower-level substation with the ability to reduce power, then the power reduction ends; if the first difference power is greater than 0, and there is a lower-level substation with the ability to reduce power, then the first difference power is used as the power to be reduced in the next iteration, and the process returns to the step of "determining all lower-level substations with the ability to reduce power".

5. The electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separation control according to claim 3, characterized in that, Shutting down the first adjustable device in a given operation specifically includes: selecting the first adjustable device in a given operation as the device to be shut down according to preset principles, and shutting down the device to be shut down; the preset principles are: selecting the device to be shut down in the order of shutting down DC charging devices first, then AC charging devices, selecting the device to be shut down in the order of shutting down from shortest to longest operating time, selecting the device to be shut down in the order of shutting down from largest to smallest actual power, or selecting the device to be shut down in the order of shutting down from lowest to highest charging device priority; The first power to be allocated is distributed to all the first adjustable devices that are working, specifically including: distributing the first power to be allocated to all the first adjustable devices that are working according to a preset ratio; the preset ratio is the ratio of the maximum working power of all the first adjustable devices that are working.

6. The electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separation control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power increase trigger condition is: all real-time single-phase power is less than or equal to the single-phase power lower limit, or the real-time total power is less than or equal to the total power lower limit. The single-phase power lower limit includes the power lower limit of phase A, phase B, and phase C. At this time, the second adjustable device is determined, specifically including: If the real-time total power is less than or equal to the lower limit of total power, then the total power needs to be increased, and all charging devices in the sub-station area that need to charge electric vehicles are identified as the second adjustable devices. If the real-time total power is greater than the lower limit of total power, and the real-time single-phase power is less than or equal to the lower limit of single-phase power, then the power of phase A, phase B, and phase C needs to be increased respectively. When increasing the power of phase A, all charging devices connected to phase A in the sub-station area that need to charge electric vehicles are identified as the second adjustable devices. When increasing the power of phase B, all charging devices connected to phase B in the sub-station area that need to charge electric vehicles are identified as the second adjustable devices. When increasing the power of phase C, all charging devices connected to phase C in the sub-station area that need to charge electric vehicles are identified as the second adjustable devices.

7. The electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separation control according to claim 6, characterized in that, The target power of the second adjustable device is determined by device restart and device power reallocation, specifically including: Calculate the required power increase for each substation area; when the total power needs to be increased, the required power increase is the difference between the lower limit of the total power and the real-time total power; when the single-phase power needs to be increased, the required power increase is the difference between the lower limit of the single-phase power and the real-time single-phase power. Determine if the required power increase is greater than 0 to obtain the second determination result; If the second judgment result is negative, then the power increase will end. If the second judgment result is yes, then determine whether there is a second adjustable device that has been shut down; If so, restart the equipment, restart a shut-down second adjustable device, and the actual power of the restarted second adjustable device is the minimum operating power. Calculate the difference between the power to be increased and the actual power of the newly restarted second adjustable device to obtain the updated power to be increased. Use the updated power to be increased as the power to be increased in the next iteration, and return to the step of "determine whether the power to be increased is greater than 0". If not, then the equipment power is redistributed. The second adjustable power of the sub-station area is calculated, and the sum of the power to be increased and the second adjustable power is calculated to obtain the second power to be allocated. The second power to be allocated is allocated to all the second adjustable devices in operation to obtain the allocated power of the second adjustable device in each operation. The sum of the allocated power of the second adjustable device in each operation and the minimum operating power is calculated to obtain the target power of the second adjustable device in each operation, so as to determine the target power of the second adjustable device. The second adjustable power is the sum of the second power differences of all the second adjustable devices in operation. The second power difference is the difference between the actual power of the second adjustable device and the minimum operating power.

8. The electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separation control according to claim 7, characterized in that, Before performing device power reallocation, the method further includes: Determine if there are any lower-level substations where the second target power limit has been lowered; the second target power limit and the power that needs to be increased are in phase; If not, then perform equipment power redistribution; If so, select a lower-level substation area where the upper limit of the second target power has been reduced as the second target substation area, increase the upper limit of the second target power of the second target substation area by a second preset value, so that the upper limit of the second target power of the second target substation area is restored to the set value before it was reduced, calculate the difference between the power to be increased and the second preset value, obtain the second difference power, use the second difference power as the power to be increased in the next iteration, and return to the step of "determine whether the power to be increased is greater than 0".

9. A phase-separated control-based orderly charging scheduling system for electric vehicles, characterized in that, The system includes: an energy routing unit and a scheduling platform; The energy routing unit is used to collect the real-time single-phase power and real-time total power of the substation area; The scheduling platform is communicatively connected to the energy routing unit; the scheduling platform is used to execute the electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase-separated regulation as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the electric vehicle orderly charging scheduling method based on phase control as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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