A method for optimizing a housing for suppressing electromagnetic radiation of a power supply

Abstract

The application discloses a shell optimization method, device and equipment for suppressing electromagnetic radiation of a power supply, an integrated circuit-shell model is established, and a MATLAB-CST automatic joint simulation platform is built. On this basis, under the conditions of different opening shapes, opening radii and opening rates, a large number of automatic simulations are carried out on the radiation characteristics of switching power supplies in the 30-1000 MHz frequency band, and the influence law of different opening parameters on the radiation emission of the power supply whole machine is systematically explored. The method can be applied to the shell optimization design of almost all types of power supplies, can effectively reduce the prototype iteration and electromagnetic compatibility rectification times in the research and development cycle, and has important engineering value for improving the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the power supply whole machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of power supply and electromagnetic compatibility technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus and electronic device for optimizing the casing to suppress electromagnetic radiation from a power supply. Background Technology

[0002] Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) refers to the ability of a device or system to function normally in its electromagnetic environment without causing unacceptable electromagnetic interference to other devices in that environment. With the rapid development of electronic devices towards higher integration, higher frequencies, and digitalization, the electromagnetic environment within and between devices is becoming increasingly complex. EMC issues have become a key factor affecting the reliability and stability of electronic systems. To ensure EMC performance, various countries and international organizations have established strict radiated emission limits, requiring that the electromagnetic radiation emission levels of devices propagating through space must be below specified limits. Therefore, effectively suppressing the electromagnetic radiation emission of devices to meet the corresponding standard requirements is one of the core technical issues in the field of EMC design.

[0003] Power supplies, as the core of electrical energy conversion and supply in electronic devices, can be broadly classified into linear power supplies and switching power supplies based on their operating methods. Linear power supplies achieve voltage transformation and regulation through power frequency transformers and regulating diodes; their electromagnetic radiation mainly manifests as recovery spikes in rectifier diodes and leakage of the power frequency magnetic field. Switching power supplies, on the other hand, achieve energy conversion through high-frequency switching of power semiconductor devices. This process generates dramatic voltage and current transients, containing abundant high-frequency harmonic components. These components can couple into the external space through various paths, including circuit wiring, device parasitic parameters, and casing structure, forming broadband electromagnetic radiation interference. As power supplies continue to develop towards higher frequencies, higher power densities, and miniaturization, their electromagnetic radiation emission problem becomes increasingly prominent, making them one of the typical major sources of electromagnetic radiation in electronic systems.

[0004] Currently, the technical approaches to suppressing radiated emissions from power supplies can be mainly categorized into two types: circuit-level optimization design and structural-level shielding enclosure installation. Circuit-level methods address the interference source by employing soft-switching technology, optimizing printed circuit board layout, and configuring electromagnetic interference filters. These methods can reduce radiated emissions to some extent, but involve a comprehensive trade-off between efficiency, power density, cost, and reliability. Limited by the physical characteristics of semiconductor devices and the inherent constraints of circuit topology, the potential for improvement in suppression effectiveness is limited. Structural-level methods, on the other hand, directly cut off the propagation path of electromagnetic energy radiation by adding a metal shielding enclosure to the switching power supply. This is an effective means of solving the problem of excessive radiated emissions when circuit optimization is insufficient. This invention focuses on exploring how to optimize the shielding enclosure design to achieve the best suppression effect for radiated emissions from switching power supplies.

[0005] In practical engineering, the metal shielding shell of a power supply must have openings to meet the system's heat dissipation requirements. Parameters such as the shape, radius, and aperture ratio of the openings directly affect the shielding performance of the shell. At the theoretical research level, some scholars have explored the electromagnetic shielding problem of shells with openings. Existing analytical methods are mainly divided into two categories: one is based on electromagnetic field and circuit theory, establishing waveguide cutoff analytical models and transmission line equivalent circuit models to analyze the electromagnetic leakage mechanism of a single simple aperture or regular aperture array; the other is based on computational electromagnetics full-wave simulation methods, which provide feasible technical means for analyzing the electromagnetic radiation characteristics under complex aperture shapes or high-density aperture array conditions by accurately modeling and solving arbitrarily complex structures.

[0006] Existing methods for designing housing openings to suppress radiated emissions from switching power supplies have at least the following problems: The analytical waveguide cutoff model and transmission line equivalent circuit model methods suffer from significant electromagnetic coupling effects between holes when dealing with practical conditions such as high aperture ratios, small hole spacing, and complex hole shape combinations. This makes it difficult to guarantee computational accuracy and provides unreliable guidance for shell aperture design. While full-wave simulation methods based on computational electromagnetics offer accurate solutions, existing research often relies on manual operation to complete the simulation process. This involves modifying model geometric parameters one by one, exporting and organizing simulation results data. When large-scale scanning and optimization of multiple parameters such as aperture shape, diameter, and aperture ratio are required, the manual workload is extremely heavy, inefficient, and prone to data unreliability due to human error, greatly limiting the practical engineering application of this method in shell optimization design. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to solve the technical problems in existing switching power supply housing opening designs, which rely on manual modification of model parameters and organization of simulation results, resulting in low efficiency, error-proneness, and difficulty in obtaining the global optimal solution for multi-parameter scanning and combination optimization. At the same time, it aims to solve the technical problem of how to quantitatively determine the influence of key parameters such as opening shape, opening radius, and opening ratio on radiated emission while meeting heat dissipation requirements, and quickly lock in the optimal housing opening design parameters that meet electromagnetic compatibility standard limits.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a casing optimization method for suppressing electromagnetic radiation from a power supply, comprising the following steps: A three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model and a circuit simulation model of the power supply including the shell are established, and the time-domain voltage waveform of the drain node of the main switch is extracted as an equivalent radiated interference source. The scanning range of the opening shape, opening radius and opening ratio is set by the parameter management unit. The equivalent radiation interference source is loaded into the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model by calling the electromagnetic simulation software interface, and the geometry of the shell hole array is automatically updated according to the current opening parameters. Perform full-wave electromagnetic simulation to obtain the maximum radiation field strength value within the preset measurement distance and frequency band under the current aperture parameters; By iterating through all combinations of aperture parameters within the scanning range and repeating the first two steps, the distribution dataset of the maximum radiation field intensity in the aperture parameter space is obtained. Statistical analysis was performed on the distributed dataset to determine whether the aperture ratio and aperture radius were significant factors affecting the radiation field strength, and a quantitative relationship between aperture parameters and radiation emission level was established. Based on the electromagnetic radiation emission standard limits, and under the condition of meeting heat dissipation performance, the parameter combination with the lowest maximum radiation field strength is selected from the distributed dataset as the optimal opening design parameters.

[0009] Optionally, the power supply is a flyback switching power supply; the circuit simulation model is built on the Simulink platform and adopts a power electronic device modeling method based on physical mechanisms, including power MOSFETs, high-frequency transformers, secondary rectifier diodes, output filter capacitors, and key parasitic parameters.

[0010] Optionally, the opening shape includes circles and squares; the opening radius is the circumcircle radius of each opening shape; the opening ratio is defined as the ratio of the total area of ​​the openings to the total area of ​​the region where the openings are located.

[0011] Optionally, the scanning range of the opening radius is 1mm to 4mm, the scanning range of the opening rate is 40% to 80%, the hole array is staggered, the housing is a rectangular metal housing, and ventilation opening areas are arranged on the top and side surfaces.

[0012] Optionally, the full-wave electromagnetic simulation simulates the test environment of a semi-anechoic chamber, the preset measurement distance is 3m, and the frequency band range is 30MHz to 1000MHz.

[0013] Optionally, the statistical analysis adopts a two-way ANOVA method, using the aperture ratio and aperture radius as two factors, and calculates the F-statistic for each factor; when the F-statistic is greater than the critical value under a given significance level, the factor is determined to be a significant factor affecting the radiation field strength.

[0014] Optionally, the electromagnetic radiation emission standard limit is the quasi-peak value limit of Group B equipment in CISPR 32 at a measurement distance of 3m in a semi-anechoic chamber test site.

[0015] Optionally, the opening ratio can be divided into different ranges according to the heat dissipation requirements, and the optimal parameter combination can be selected in each range. Among them, an opening ratio of 40% to 60% is suitable for scenarios with low heat dissipation requirements but high mechanical structure strength requirements, and an opening ratio of 60% to 80% is suitable for scenarios with high heat dissipation requirements but low mechanical structure strength requirements.

[0016] To achieve the above objectives, a second aspect of the present invention provides a housing optimization device for suppressing electromagnetic radiation from a power supply, comprising: The modeling unit is used to establish a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model and circuit simulation model of the power supply including the shell, and to extract the time-domain voltage waveform of the drain node of the main switch as an equivalent radiated interference source. The parameter management unit is used to set the scanning range of the opening shape, opening radius and opening ratio, call the electromagnetic simulation software interface to load the equivalent radiation interference source into the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model, and automatically update the geometry of the shell hole array according to the current opening parameters. The solver unit is used to perform full-wave electromagnetic simulation to obtain the maximum radiation field strength value within the preset measurement distance and frequency band under the current aperture parameters; The traversal unit is used to traverse all aperture parameter combinations within the scanning range, repeatedly calling the operations of the parameter management unit and the solution unit to obtain the distribution dataset of the maximum radiation field intensity in the aperture parameter space. The statistical analysis unit is used to perform statistical analysis on the distributed dataset, determine whether the aperture ratio and aperture radius are significant factors affecting the radiation field strength, and establish a quantitative relationship between aperture parameters and radiation emission level. The optimization unit is used to select the parameter combination with the lowest maximum radiation field strength from the distributed dataset as the optimal opening design parameters, based on the electromagnetic radiation emission standard limit and under the condition of meeting heat dissipation performance.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor executes the program to implement the steps of the aforementioned casing optimization method for suppressing power supply electromagnetic radiation.

[0018] This application provides a casing optimization method for suppressing electromagnetic radiation from a power supply. It involves establishing a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model and a circuit simulation model of the power supply, including the casing, and extracting the time-domain voltage waveform of the drain node of the main switch transistor as an equivalent radiated interference source. The method uses a parameter management unit to set the scanning range for the aperture shape, aperture radius, and aperture ratio. It then calls the electromagnetic simulation software interface to load the equivalent radiated interference source into the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model and automatically updates the geometry of the casing aperture array based on the current aperture parameters. A full-wave electromagnetic simulation is performed to obtain the maximum radiated field strength value within a preset measurement distance and frequency band under the current aperture parameters. Finally, all aperture parameter combinations within the scanning range are iterated. Repeating the first two steps yields a dataset of the maximum radiated field strength distribution in the aperture parameter space. Statistical analysis of this dataset determines whether the aperture ratio and aperture radius are significant factors influencing the radiated field strength, establishing a quantitative relationship between aperture parameters and radiated emission levels. Based on electromagnetic radiation emission standard limits, and under the condition of meeting heat dissipation requirements, the parameter combination with the lowest maximum radiated field strength is selected from the dataset as the optimal aperture design parameters. This application avoids the extremely heavy workload, low efficiency, and data unreliability issues caused by human error in establishing a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model and circuit simulation model of the power supply including the housing. This application can quantitatively determine the influence of key parameters such as aperture shape, aperture radius, and aperture ratio on radiated emission while meeting heat dissipation requirements, and quickly identify the optimal housing aperture design parameters that meet electromagnetic compatibility standard limits. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the Simulink circuit simulation model of the flyback switching power supply used in the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall architecture of the automated co-simulation platform based on MATLAB and CST according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 shows the curve of the maximum radiation field strength at 3m as a function of frequency under the condition of 60% aperture ratio in the embodiment of the present invention; wherein Figure 3(a) is the result of a circular aperture and Figure 3(b) is the result of a regular hexagonal aperture; Figure 4 shows the distribution of the maximum radiation field strength at 3m in the aperture ratio-aperture radius parameter space under two aperture shapes in the 30-1000MHz frequency band according to the embodiments of the present invention. Among them, Figure 4(a) shows the results of the circular aperture in the 30-230MHz frequency band, Figure 4(b) shows the results of the regular hexagonal aperture in the 30-230MHz frequency band, Figure 4(c) shows the results of the circular aperture in the 230-1000MHz frequency band, and Figure 4(d) shows the results of the regular hexagonal aperture in the 230-1000MHz frequency band.

[0020] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0022] Existing methods for designing enclosure openings to suppress radiated emissions from switching power supplies primarily rely on manual simulation processes. Specifically, engineers must modify the geometric parameters of each opening (such as shape, radius, and aperture ratio) in the 3D electromagnetic simulation model, manually configure the solver settings, run full-wave simulations one by one, export the results, and finally manually compile and analyze this data to evaluate the radiated emission levels of different opening designs. When large-scale scanning and optimization of multiple parameters are required, this manual approach is extremely labor-intensive, inefficient, and prone to data instability due to human error. Furthermore, existing methods lack systematic statistical analysis tools, making it difficult to quantitatively reveal the influence of each opening parameter on the radiated field strength, and even more difficult to quickly identify the globally optimal opening design parameters while meeting heat dissipation requirements. Therefore, existing technologies suffer from low automation, poor optimization efficiency, and insufficient analytical depth, limiting their practical application in engineering.

[0023] refer to Figure 1 As shown in Figure 4, the first embodiment of this application provides a casing optimization method for suppressing electromagnetic radiation from a power supply, thereby solving the technical problems mentioned in the background art, such as the low efficiency, error-proneness, and difficulty in obtaining the global optimal solution caused by the reliance on manual operation in the existing switching power supply casing opening design. This method can be executed by a processor, which can be located in a terminal or server. The execution process of the method is as follows: Step S101: Establish a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model and circuit simulation model of the power supply including the shell, and extract the time-domain voltage waveform of the drain node of the main switch as an equivalent radiated interference source.

[0024] In one embodiment of this application, the power supply is a flyback switching power supply; the circuit simulation model is built on the Simulink platform, using a physics-based power electronic device modeling method, and includes power MOSFETs, high-frequency transformers, secondary rectifier diodes, output filter capacitors, and key parasitic parameters. Figure 1 As shown, the circuit simulation model can accurately characterize the dynamic characteristics of power switching devices during high-frequency switching. Circuit simulation of the above model is performed, and the time-domain voltage waveform of the drain node of the main switch is extracted. This waveform exhibits typical switching transient characteristics and serves as the equivalent radiated interference source for subsequent electromagnetic simulation.

[0025] Step S102: Set the scanning range of the opening shape, opening radius and opening ratio through the parameter management unit, call the electromagnetic simulation software interface to load the equivalent radiation interference source into the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model, and automatically update the geometric structure of the shell hole array according to the current opening parameters.

[0026] In one embodiment of this application, the opening shape includes circles and squares; the opening radius is the circumcircle radius of each opening shape; the opening ratio is defined as the ratio of the total area of ​​the openings to the total area of ​​the region where the openings are located. Further, the scanning range of the opening radius is 1mm to 4mm, the scanning range of the opening ratio is 40% to 80%, the hole array is staggered, and the shell is a rectangular metal shell with ventilation opening areas arranged on the top and sides. The parameter management unit, by calling the interface of electromagnetic simulation software (such as CST), loads the equivalent radiation interference source extracted in step S101 into the corresponding discrete port in the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model, and automatically updates the geometric structure of the shell hole array according to the currently set opening parameters, thereby achieving parametric modeling.

[0027] Step S103: Perform full-wave electromagnetic simulation to obtain the maximum radiation field strength value within the preset measurement distance and frequency band range under the current aperture parameters.

[0028] In one embodiment of this application, the full-wave electromagnetic simulation simulates the test environment of a semi-anechoic chamber, the preset measurement distance is 3m, and the frequency band range is 30MHz to 1000MHz. The solution unit performs full-wave electromagnetic simulation calculations to obtain the maximum radiation field strength value at a measurement distance of 3m and within the 30-1000MHz frequency band under the current combination of opening parameters, which serves as a key indicator for evaluating the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the current housing design.

[0029] Step S104: Traverse all aperture parameter combinations within the scanning range and repeat the first two steps to obtain the distribution dataset of the maximum radiation field intensity in the aperture parameter space.

[0030] In one embodiment of this application, the automated process of traversing the unit control sequentially traverses all parameter combinations within the scanning range of the opening shape, opening radius, and opening ratio. For each parameter combination, steps S102 and S103 are repeated, i.e., the shell geometry is automatically updated and a full-wave simulation is performed to obtain the corresponding maximum radiation field strength value. By traversing all parameter combinations, the distribution dataset of the maximum radiation field strength in the opening parameter space is obtained, providing a complete data foundation for subsequent statistical analysis.

[0031] Step S105: Perform statistical analysis on the distributed dataset to determine whether the aperture ratio and aperture radius are significant factors affecting the radiation field strength, and establish a quantitative relationship between aperture parameters and radiation emission level.

[0032] In one embodiment of this application, the statistical analysis employs a two-way ANOVA, using the aperture ratio and aperture radius as two factors to calculate the F-statistic for each factor. When the F-statistic exceeds the critical value at a given significance level, the factor is determined to be a significant factor affecting the radiation field strength. Through two-way ANOVA, the influence of aperture ratio and aperture radius on the maximum radiation field strength is quantitatively assessed, clarifying whether they are significant factors, establishing a quantitative relationship between aperture parameters and radiation emission levels, and revealing the variation law of radiation field strength under different combinations of aperture parameters.

[0033] Step S106: Based on the electromagnetic radiation emission standard limit, and under the condition of meeting the heat dissipation performance, select the parameter combination with the lowest maximum radiation field strength from the distributed dataset as the optimal opening design parameters.

[0034] In one embodiment of this application, the electromagnetic radiation emission standard limit is the quasi-peak value limit of Group B equipment in the CISPR 32 standard at a measurement distance of 3m in a semi-anechoic chamber test site. The optimization unit, based on this standard limit and combined with heat dissipation performance requirements, selects parameter combinations from the distributed dataset that have a maximum radiation field strength lower than the standard limit and meet heat dissipation requirements. Further, the aperture ratio is divided into different intervals according to heat dissipation requirements, and the optimal parameter combination is selected in each interval; wherein, an aperture ratio of 40% to 60% is suitable for scenarios with lower heat dissipation requirements but higher mechanical structure strength requirements, and an aperture ratio of 60% to 80% is suitable for scenarios with higher heat dissipation requirements but lower mechanical structure strength requirements. By selecting the parameter combination with the lowest maximum radiation field strength in each interval, the optimal aperture design parameters that balance electromagnetic compatibility performance and heat dissipation requirements are obtained.

[0035] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] This invention employs a flyback switching power supply. The power supply receives a 220V AC input, which is rectified and filtered to form a DC bus voltage. This DC bus voltage is then passed through a high-frequency transformer for electrical isolation and energy transfer, ultimately achieving a 12V DC output. Furthermore, the power supply is shielded and encapsulated in a rectangular metal casing. Ventilation openings are arranged on the top and sides of the casing, with the openings arranged in a staggered pattern.

[0037] The simulation model of the flyback switching power supply circuit used in the embodiments of this invention was established in Simulink, as follows: Figure 1As shown, this model employs a physics-based modeling method for power electronic devices, including a power MOSFET, high-frequency transformer, secondary rectifier diode, output filter capacitor, and key parasitic parameters. It can accurately characterize the dynamic characteristics of power switching devices during high-frequency switching. Circuit simulation of the model is performed, and the time-domain voltage waveform of the drain node of the main switch is extracted. This waveform exhibits typical switching transient characteristics.

[0038] This invention establishes an automated co-simulation platform combining MATLAB and CST to achieve automated parametric modeling of the switching power supply casing, thereby improving the efficiency of full-wave simulation of the entire power supply. The overall architecture of this automated co-simulation platform is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it uses MATLAB as the parameter management and workflow scheduling center and CST as the three-dimensional electromagnetic modeling and full-wave solution tool, integrating functions such as parameter generation and setting, model creation and updating, result extraction and storage, and data statistics and analysis. Simultaneously, a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model of the switching power supply circuit is established in CST, using discrete ports to excite the drain node of the main switch transistor, and loading the extracted drain voltage time-domain waveform onto the corresponding port.

[0039] This invention uses a housing with a 60% aperture ratio as an example, establishing two types of aperture array models: circular and regular hexagonal, to analyze the influence of aperture shape and radius on the overall radiated emission characteristics of the switching power supply under typical engineering conditions. The simulation results of the power supply's radiated emission are shown in Figure 3. It can be seen that regardless of whether the aperture is circular or regular hexagonal, a 1mm aperture diameter exhibits the best radiation suppression performance, indicating that small aperture diameters have a relatively small impact on the shielding continuity of the metal housing. The overall radiated emission level of the power supply increases with increasing aperture diameter, but deviations occur at individual aperture diameters, failing to meet the strictly monotonically increasing characteristic. Furthermore, the simulation results for both types of aperture shapes reflect the overall trend of radiated emission level increasing with increasing frequency.

[0040] To further clarify the impact of aperture radius and aperture ratio on the overall radiated emission level of the power supply, this invention performed a high-density parameter scan on both and used two-way ANOVA to statistically infer the simulation results. Regardless of whether the aperture is circular or hexagonal, the F-statistics for both aperture ratio and aperture radius are greater than the critical value, i.e., in... At the significance level, both are significant factors affecting the level of radiative emission.

[0041] This invention performs a global analysis of radiated emission levels under different combinations of aperture parameters within a two-dimensional parameter space of aperture ratio and aperture radius to determine the optimal aperture scheme. Figure 4 shows the distribution of the maximum radiated field strength at 3m within the aperture ratio-aperture radius parameter space for circular and regular hexagonal apertures in the 30-230MHz and 230-1000MHz frequency bands. It can be seen that the maximum radiated field strength is complexly distributed within the two-dimensional parameter space, with high and low value regions interspersed, lacking simple monotonic variation characteristics. Therefore, only by comprehensively analyzing the maximum radiated field strength under all parameter combinations can the aperture parameters with the optimal radiated emission suppression effect be determined.

[0042] Based on the above simulation results, and considering the characteristics of the opening ratio in actual engineering being constrained by both heat dissipation requirements and mechanical structure strength, the opening ratio is divided into two representative ranges for analysis: an opening ratio of 40% to 60%, which is suitable for scenarios with low heat dissipation requirements but high mechanical structure strength requirements; and an opening ratio of 60% to 80%, which is suitable for scenarios with high heat dissipation requirements but low mechanical structure strength requirements.

[0043] In the first scenario, for circular apertures, the lowest radiated field strength is achieved with an aperture ratio of 51% and an aperture radius of 1.94 mm in the 30-230 MHz frequency band; and with an aperture ratio of 40% and an aperture radius of 1.56 mm in the 230-1000 MHz frequency band. For regular hexagonal apertures, the lowest radiated field strength is achieved with an aperture ratio of 58% and an aperture radius of 1.04 mm in the 30-230 MHz frequency band; and with an aperture ratio of 43% and an aperture radius of 3.66 mm in the 230-1000 MHz frequency band. It can be seen that in scenarios with low heat dissipation requirements, the optimal aperture parameters differ significantly for different frequency bands and aperture shapes.

[0044] In the second scenario, for circular apertures, the lowest radiated field strength is achieved with an aperture ratio of 74% and an aperture radius of 1.04 mm in the 30-230 MHz frequency band; and with an aperture ratio of 79% and an aperture radius of 1.04 mm in the 230-1000 MHz frequency band. For hexagonal apertures, the lowest radiated field strength is achieved with an aperture ratio of 78% to 80% and an aperture radius of 1.04 mm in both frequency bands. It can be seen that in scenarios with high heat dissipation requirements, the optimal aperture parameter tends to be a smaller aperture radius.

[0045] This application has at least the following advantages over the prior art: 1. This invention integrates parametric modeling, full-wave solving, and result analysis into an unattended closed-loop process by building a MATLAB-CST automated co-simulation platform. This effectively eliminates the cumbersome manual operations of modifying models one by one, manually configuring solvers, and exporting data one by one in traditional methods, significantly improving the analysis efficiency under multi-parameter conditions and providing an efficient automated means for the study of radiated emissions from power supply casings.

[0046] 2. This invention, through high-density parameter scanning and two-way ANOVA, quantitatively reveals that both the aperture ratio and aperture radius are significant factors affecting the radiation emission level. It clarifies that the radiation emission level exhibits obvious range characteristics with changes in aperture ratio and aperture radius, and demonstrates the shielding performance advantage of circular holes over regular polygonal holes. This provides a clear theoretical basis for the selection of key parameters in shell aperture design.

[0047] 3. The optimization design method provided by this invention can efficiently search for the global optimal solution in a multi-dimensional parameter space composed of the opening shape, opening radius, and opening ratio. It can quickly lock the optimal opening scheme that meets the radiated emission standard limit and takes into account the heat dissipation requirements for a specific power supply, effectively reducing the number of prototype iterations and electromagnetic compatibility rectifications during the R&D cycle. It has clear engineering practical value for improving the R&D efficiency of power modules and the electromagnetic compatibility performance of the whole machine.

[0048] 4. The method of the present invention can be extended to the shell optimization design of different types of power supplies. Only the circuit simulation model and the whole electromagnetic model need to be replaced, which has good versatility and scalability.

[0049] To address the aforementioned technical problems, a second embodiment of this application provides a casing optimization device for suppressing electromagnetic radiation from a power source, thereby solving the same technical problems as in the method embodiment. This device may include the following modules: a modeling unit, a parameter management unit, a solution unit, a traversal unit, a statistical analysis unit, and an optimization unit. The functions of each module correspond to the various steps in the method embodiment, as detailed below: The modeling unit is used to establish a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model and circuit simulation model of the power supply including the shell, and to extract the time-domain voltage waveform of the drain node of the main switch as an equivalent radiated interference source. The parameter management unit is used to set the scanning range of the opening shape, opening radius and opening ratio, call the electromagnetic simulation software interface to load the equivalent radiation interference source into the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model, and automatically update the geometry of the shell hole array according to the current opening parameters. The solver unit is used to perform full-wave electromagnetic simulation to obtain the maximum radiation field strength value within the preset measurement distance and frequency band under the current aperture parameters; The traversal unit is used to traverse all aperture parameter combinations within the scanning range, repeatedly calling the operations of the parameter management unit and the solution unit to obtain the distribution dataset of the maximum radiation field intensity in the aperture parameter space. The statistical analysis unit is used to perform statistical analysis on the distributed dataset to determine whether the aperture ratio and aperture radius are significant factors affecting the radiation field strength, and to establish a quantitative relationship between aperture parameters and radiation emission level. The selection unit is used to select the parameter combination with the lowest maximum radiation field strength from the distributed dataset as the optimal opening design parameters, based on the electromagnetic radiation emission standard limit and under the condition of meeting heat dissipation performance.

[0050] It is understood that this embodiment is a device claim corresponding to the method claim, and therefore this embodiment has all the technical effects of the method claim, which will not be repeated here.

[0051] To achieve the above objectives, a third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The device is characterized in that, when the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the casing optimization method for suppressing power supply electromagnetic radiation as provided in the preceding embodiments. This electronic device can be a local workstation, a server, or a cloud computing platform, used to run automated co-simulation programs to perform tasks such as parametric modeling, full-wave solving, data traversal, and statistical analysis, thereby efficiently completing the electromagnetic compatibility optimization design of the switching power supply casing.

[0052] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the casing to suppress electromagnetic radiation from a power source, characterized in that, include: A three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model and a circuit simulation model of the power supply including the shell are established, and the time-domain voltage waveform of the drain node of the main switch is extracted as an equivalent radiated interference source. The scanning range of the opening shape, opening radius and opening ratio is set by the parameter management unit. The equivalent radiation interference source is loaded into the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model by calling the electromagnetic simulation software interface, and the geometry of the shell hole array is automatically updated according to the current opening parameters. Perform full-wave electromagnetic simulation to obtain the maximum radiation field strength value within the preset measurement distance and frequency band under the current aperture parameters; By iterating through all combinations of aperture parameters within the scanning range and repeating the first two steps, the distribution dataset of the maximum radiation field intensity in the aperture parameter space is obtained. Statistical analysis was performed on the distributed dataset to determine whether the aperture ratio and aperture radius were significant factors affecting the radiation field strength, and a quantitative relationship between aperture parameters and radiation emission level was established. Based on the electromagnetic radiation emission standard limits, and under the condition of meeting heat dissipation performance, the parameter combination with the lowest maximum radiation field strength is selected from the distributed dataset as the optimal opening design parameters.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power supply is a flyback switching power supply; the circuit simulation model is built on the Simulink platform and adopts a power electronic device modeling method based on physical mechanisms, including power MOSFETs, high-frequency transformers, secondary rectifier diodes, output filter capacitors and key parasitic parameters.

3. The method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The opening shape includes circles and squares; the opening radius is the radius of the circumcircle of each opening shape; the opening ratio is defined as the ratio of the total area of ​​the openings to the total area of ​​the region where the openings are located.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The scanning range of the opening radius is 1mm to 4mm, the scanning range of the opening rate is 40% to 80%, the hole array is staggered, the shell is a rectangular metal shell, and ventilation opening areas are arranged on the top and side surfaces.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The full-wave electromagnetic simulation simulates the test environment of a semi-anechoic chamber, the preset measurement distance is 3m, and the frequency band range is 30MHz to 1000MHz.

6. The method as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The statistical analysis employs a two-way ANOVA method, using the aperture ratio and aperture radius as two factors to calculate the F-statistic for each factor. When the F-statistic is greater than the critical value at a given significance level, the factor is determined to be a significant factor affecting the radiation field strength.

7. The method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The electromagnetic radiation emission standard limit is the quasi-peak value limit of Group B equipment in CISPR 32 at a measurement distance of 3m in a semi-anechoic chamber test site.

8. The method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Based on heat dissipation requirements, the opening ratio is divided into different ranges, and the optimal parameter combination is selected in each range. Among them, the opening ratio of 40% to 60% is suitable for scenarios with low heat dissipation requirements but high mechanical structure strength requirements, while the opening ratio of 60% to 80% is suitable for scenarios with high heat dissipation requirements but low mechanical structure strength requirements.

9. A housing optimization device for suppressing electromagnetic radiation from a power source, characterized in that, include: The modeling unit is used to establish a three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model and circuit simulation model of the power supply including the shell, and to extract the time-domain voltage waveform of the drain node of the main switch as an equivalent radiated interference source. The parameter management unit is used to set the scanning range of the opening shape, opening radius and opening ratio, call the electromagnetic simulation software interface to load the equivalent radiation interference source into the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation model, and automatically update the geometry of the shell hole array according to the current opening parameters. The solver unit is used to perform full-wave electromagnetic simulation and obtain the maximum radiation field strength value within the preset measurement distance and frequency band under the current aperture parameters. The traversal unit is used to traverse all aperture parameter combinations within the scanning range, repeatedly calling the operations of the parameter management unit and the solution unit to obtain the distribution dataset of the maximum radiation field intensity in the aperture parameter space. The statistical analysis unit is used to perform statistical analysis on the distributed dataset, determine whether the aperture ratio and aperture radius are significant factors affecting the radiation field strength, and establish a quantitative relationship between aperture parameters and radiation emission level. The optimization unit is used to select the parameter combination with the lowest maximum radiation field strength from the distributed dataset as the optimal opening design parameters, based on the electromagnetic radiation emission standard limit and under the condition of meeting heat dissipation performance.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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