An ice and snow resistant overhead insulated power cable

Abstract

This invention discloses an anti-icing and snow-resistant overhead insulated power cable applied in the field of cable technology. This solution, through the installation of a snow-clearing sleeve, can be directly activated in low-temperature rainy and snowy weather to maintain the surface temperature of the cable body, thereby effectively inhibiting snow accumulation and ice condensation. For already condensed ice and snow, it can selectively heat the bottom layer, top layer, and axial direction of the ice and snow without interrupting power supply, thus dividing the condensed ice layer into multiple pieces for automatic detachment after heating. This effectively avoids safety hazards caused by ice and snow on overhead cables and maintains stable power operation. Through the installation of a surface-replenishing unit, when the temperature is too low, the contact area between the snow-clearing sleeve and the cable body can be adaptively increased, thus ensuring the cable body is fully wrapped, resulting in better inhibition of ice and snow adhesion. During de-icing, it can also accelerate the melting of ice and snow, reducing the occurrence of rapid re-icing during the melting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable technology, and in particular to an ice- and snow-resistant overhead insulated power cable. Background Technology

[0002] In winter, snow accumulates on overhead cables, which are prone to freezing due to the low temperature. This increases the weight of the cables, causing them to bend and deform downwards in the middle. In severe cases, the cables may even fall from a height, seriously affecting the stable transmission of electricity and posing a significant safety hazard.

[0003] To address the aforementioned problems, existing technologies generally employ three methods for snow and ice resistance. The first method involves applying a hydrophobic / anti-icing coating to reduce snow and ice adhesion. For example, Chinese patent application CN101707063A discloses an anti-icing overhead conductor. However, this method is only suitable for light rain or snow. In blizzards, with heavy snowfall and low temperatures, snow accumulation and icing can still easily occur. The second method uses DC de-icing technology, connecting DC de-icing devices at both ends of the line and applying a large current (e.g., 4.6kA) to heat the conductor and melt the ice. For example, Chinese patent CN201234104Y discloses a... The first method is a mobile DC de-icing device for transmission lines. However, this method requires disconnecting the power supply to the relevant lines before de-icing, which affects the reliability of the power supply. In addition, the preparation for operation is time-consuming. The entire de-icing process, including the connection and start-up of the device, takes a long time and cannot respond quickly in the early stage of icing, which may aggravate the icing situation. The third method is mechanical de-icing, which uses a ground wire robot equipped with a hammer to walk along the ground wire and vibrate to remove ice. The de-icing rate can reach more than 95%. However, this method is greatly affected by the environment. For some remote mountain lines, the conditions for the robot to walk are not available.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an ice-resistant overhead insulated power cable that can prevent snow deposition in the early stages of snowfall, quickly de-ice after freezing, and without affecting the normal power supply. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The core of this invention lies in maintaining the surface temperature of the cable body by setting up a snow-clearing sleeve, thereby effectively inhibiting the accumulation of snow and the condensation of ice. For the already frozen snow and ice, the frozen ice can be divided into multiple pieces without interrupting the power supply, so that the ice can automatically fall off after being heated, thereby effectively avoiding the safety hazards caused by ice and snow to overhead cables and maintaining the stable operation of power.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] An ice- and snow-resistant overhead insulated power cable includes a cable body erected between two overhead supports. The cable body is covered with a snow-dissipating sleeve. The snow-dissipating sleeve includes two arc-shaped mounting plates that are respectively fastened to the two overhead supports by bolts, two axial guide wires connected between the upper and lower ends of the two arc-shaped mounting plates, and multiple axial patches that are respectively fixedly connected to the outer ends of the two axial guide wires. The axial guide wires include a heating section and two fastening sections that are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the heating section. The fastening sections are fastened to the adjacent arc-shaped mounting plates by screws. Heating wires are embedded inside the axial guide wires and the axial patches. The heating wires in the multiple axial patches are connected in parallel with the heating wires in the heating section through a self-sensing temperature component.

[0008] The overhead support is equipped with solar panels and an energy storage power supply, which powers the heating wire. The overhead support is also equipped with a controller, a temperature sensor, and a rain and snow transmitter. The controller is used to control the power supply to the heating wire.

[0009] Furthermore, both the axial guide wires and axial patches are attached to the outer wall of the cable body, and the multiple axial patches on the two axial guide wires correspond to each other, with the openings of the two arc-shaped mounting plates facing opposite directions.

[0010] Furthermore, the self-sensing temperature component includes two wires connected in parallel with the heating wire, and the two wires are respectively connected to the beginning and end of the heating wire in the axial patch, with an adaptive unit provided in the middle of one of the wires.

[0011] Furthermore, the heating section has multiple cavities that correspond to multiple adaptive units. The adaptive units are located inside the cavities. Each adaptive unit includes a fixed conductive rod that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity, a movable conductive rod that is slidably connected to the cavity, and a temperature sensing wire connected between the two. The endpoints of the heating wire connected in series with the adaptive unit are located on the fixed conductive rod and the movable conductive rod, respectively. The end of the heating wire connected to the movable conductive rod extends into the cavity and is spiral in shape.

[0012] Furthermore, both the fixed and moving conductive rods have embedded elongated holes at their closest ends. The ends of the temperature-sensing wires are located in the two embedded elongated holes respectively. The temperature-sensing wires are made of double-path memory alloy material, and they are straight when above 0°C and spiral when below 0°C.

[0013] Optionally, a surface-repairing unit is fixedly connected between two adjacent axial patches. The surface-repairing unit includes a carrier plate and an air bladder. The carrier plate has a groove cut into its surface facing the cable body. The air bladder is placed inside the carrier plate. A selection wire unit is also provided outside the air bladder. The axial patch includes an outer heat insulation layer and an inner heat-conducting layer that contacts the cable body. Under no external force, the selection wire unit corresponds to the outer heat insulation layer, and the heating wire inside the axial patch is located inside the inner heat-conducting layer.

[0014] Furthermore, an intelligent inflation component connected to the controller signal is installed on the overhead support. A conduit is connected between each two adjacent airbags. The conduit is fixedly inserted through the outer heat insulation layer. The inflation port of the intelligent inflation component is fixedly inserted through the adjacent outer heat insulation layer and communicates with the corresponding airbag.

[0015] Furthermore, the selected guide wire unit includes multiple sliders that are slidably connected to the outer heat insulation layer, multiple heat-conducting wires that are fixedly connected between two axially opposite sliders, and multiple tension strips that are fixedly connected between the sliders and the support plate. The tension strips are made of elastic material, and the heat-conducting wires are in contact with the airbag in their natural state.

[0016] Furthermore, the heat-conducting wire has a zigzag structure, and the distance between the middle of the heat-conducting wire and the cable body is closer than the distance between its two ends and the cable body. Both the heat-conducting wire and the slider are made of heat-conducting materials.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0018] (1) This solution can be directly activated in low-temperature rain and snow weather by setting up snow-proof sleeves to maintain the temperature of the cable body surface, thereby effectively suppressing the accumulation of snow and the condensation of ice. For the already condensed ice and snow, the bottom layer, top layer and axial direction of the ice and snow can be linearly heated without interrupting the power supply, thereby dividing the condensed ice into multiple pieces, which can be automatically detached after being heated, thereby effectively avoiding the safety hazards caused by ice and snow to the overhead cable and maintaining the stable operation of the power.

[0019] (2) By setting the surface unit, when the temperature is too low, the contact area between the snow cover and the cable body can be adaptively increased, so that the cable body is fully wrapped, which makes the effect of inhibiting the adhesion of ice and snow better. When de-icing, it can also accelerate the melting of ice and snow and reduce the occurrence of rapid re-icing during the melting process. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overhead cable configuration of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the snow-clearing cover of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the side portion of the snow gaiter of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the snow cover of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of a cross-section of the snow-clearing gaiter of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the effect of temperature on the adaptive unit of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the snow-clearing cover portion when the patching unit is added in this invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the changes of the surface-patterning unit of the present invention after the temperature is too low;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the guidewire selection unit of the present invention.

[0030] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0031] 1. Cable body, 21. Axial guide wire, 22. Axial patch, 23. Arc mounting plate, 211. Heating section, 212. Fastening section, 41. Heating wire, 42. Conductor wire, 431. Fixed conductive rod, 432. Moving conductive rod, 433. Temperature sensing wire, 221. Outer heat insulation layer, 222. Inner heat conduction layer, 101. Cavity, 5. Surface patching unit, 501. Groove, 502. Conduit, 51. Bearing plate, 52. Airbag, 531. Heat conduction wire, 532. Slider, 533. Tension bar. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] First implementation method:

[0034] like Figures 1-3 In the diagram, 'a' represents an overhead support. An ice- and snow-resistant overhead insulated power cable includes a cable body 1 erected between two overhead supports. The cable body 1 is covered with a snow-clearing sleeve. The snow-clearing sleeve includes two arc-shaped mounting plates 23 respectively bolted to the two overhead supports, two axial guide wires 21 connected between the upper and lower ends of the two arc-shaped mounting plates 23, and multiple axial patches 22 respectively fixedly connected to the outer ends of the two axial guide wires 21. Figures 4-5 The axial guide wire 21 includes a heating section 211 and two fastening sections 212 respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the heating section 211. The fastening sections 212 are fastened to the adjacent arc-shaped mounting plate 23 by screws. The axial guide wire 21 and the axial patch 22 are both embedded with heating wires 41. The heating wires 41 in the multiple axial patches 22 are connected in parallel with the heating wires 41 in the heating section 211 through a self-sensing component. By setting the self-sensing component, the heating wires 41 in the axial patches 22 and the heating wires 41 in the axial guide wire 21 are selectively connected. They will only be connected at low temperatures, thereby increasing the heating area of ​​the cable body 1.

[0035] It is worth noting that the two ends of the snow cover are firmly connected to the overhead support. It not only does not generate additional sag force on the cable body 1, but also provides a certain load-bearing capacity for the cable body 1, which can reduce the sag of the middle part.

[0036] Solar panels and an energy storage power supply are installed on the overhead support. The energy storage power supply powers the heating wire 41. A controller, a temperature sensor, and a rain and snow transmitter are also installed on the overhead support. The controller controls the on and off of the heating wire. The temperature sensor monitors the ambient temperature, and the rain and snow transmitter monitors whether it is raining or snowing. The controller determines whether it is raining or snowing based on the data obtained from the two devices (when the temperature is below 0℃ and the rain and snow transmitter is triggered). When the temperature is below 0℃, the controller can promptly control the heating wire 41 to be energized, thereby energizing the snow-clearing sleeve and effectively maintaining the surface temperature of the cable body 1. This inhibits snow deposition on the surface of the cable body 1, suppresses icing, and effectively reduces safety hazards.

[0037] Both the axial guide wire 21 and the axial patch 22 are attached to the outer wall of the cable body 1, and the multiple axial patches 22 on the two axial guide wires 21 correspond to each other, effectively ensuring the insulation and de-icing effect of the two on the cable body 1 in rainy and snowy weather. The openings of the two arc-shaped mounting plates 23 face opposite directions.

[0038] like Figures 6-7 The self-sensing temperature component includes two wires 42 connected in parallel with the heating wire 41. The two wires 42 are connected to the two ends of the heating wire 41 in the axial patch 22. An adaptive unit is provided in the middle of one of the wires 42. Multiple cavities 101 corresponding to multiple adaptive units are carved inside the heating section 211. The adaptive unit is located in the cavity 101. The adaptive unit includes a fixed conductive rod 431 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity 101, a movable conductive rod 432 slidably connected to the cavity 101, and a temperature sensing wire 433 connected between the two. The ends of the heating wire 41 connected in series with the adaptive unit are located on the fixed conductive rod 431 and the movable conductive rod 432, respectively. The end of the heating wire 41 connected to the movable conductive rod 432 extends into the cavity 101 and is spiral in shape.

[0039] Both the fixed conductive rod 431 and the moving conductive rod 432 have embedded elongated holes at their close ends. These holes provide space for the temperature-sensing wire 433, ensuring sufficient space for it to contract at low temperatures. This prevents obstruction of contact between the fixed conductive rod 431 and the moving conductive rod 432, effectively guaranteeing a larger and wider area of ​​protection for the cable body 1 under low-temperature conditions, resulting in better anti-icing and snow-resistant performance. The ends of the temperature-sensing wire 433 are located in the two embedded elongated holes. The temperature-sensing wire 433 is made of a double-path memory alloy material, and it is straight above 0°C and spiral below 0°C.

[0040] During normal rainy or snowy weather, after the controller receives the signal from the rain and snow transmitter, it controls the heating wire 41 to be energized. At this time, the axial guide wire 21 has a large overall heat, which can make the top temperature of the cable body 1 higher, effectively suppressing the deposition of rain and snow. In this weather, if the temperature drops below 0°C, the temperature sensing wire 433 automatically shortens, thereby driving the moving conductive rod 432 to approach and contact the fixed conductive rod 431, so that the heating wire 41 in the axial patch 22 is connected to the circuit where the wire 42 in the axial guide wire 21 is located, thereby making the axial outer wall of the cable body 1 also heated, so that its surface can maintain a high temperature over a wide range (relative to the ambient temperature below 0°C) to suppress the condensation of ice and snow.

[0041] For the cable body 1 whose surface is already frozen, the temperature of the snow-melting sleeve wrapped in ice is below 0°C. At this time, multiple axial patches 22 and the heating wires 41 in the axial guide wires 21 are naturally connected in parallel. When they are energized, they can be directly heated over a large area, causing the ice layer to be broken into fragments and fall off faster. When the ambient temperature is above 0°C, the ambient temperature itself has a good ability to melt ice and snow. At this time, the heating wires 41 in the axial patches 22 are naturally disconnected from the heating wires 41 in the axial guide wires 21, resulting in separate heating of the top and bottom, reducing energy consumption.

[0042] In summary, this solution, through the installation of snow-clearing sleeves, can be directly activated in low-temperature rainy and snowy weather to maintain the surface temperature of the cable body 1, thereby effectively inhibiting the accumulation of snow and the condensation of ice. For already frozen snow and ice, the bottom layer, top layer, and axial layer of the snow and ice can be linearly heated without interrupting power supply, thereby dividing the frozen ice layer into multiple pieces, which can be automatically detached after being heated, thus effectively avoiding safety hazards caused by ice and snow on overhead cables and maintaining stable power operation.

[0043] Second implementation method:

[0044] This embodiment adds a surface-supplementing unit 5 based on the first embodiment, while the rest remains the same as the first embodiment.

[0045] like Figures 8-9 A surface-repairing unit 5 is fixedly connected between two adjacent axial patches 22. The surface-repairing unit 5 includes a carrier plate 51 and an air bladder 52. The carrier plate 51 has a groove 501 cut into the surface facing the cable body 1. The air bladder 52 is placed inside the carrier plate 51. A selection wire unit is also provided outside the air bladder 52. The axial patch 22 includes an outer heat insulation layer 221 and an inner heat-conducting layer 222 that contacts the cable body 1. Under no external force, the selection wire unit corresponds to the outer heat insulation layer 221. The heating wire 41 in the axial patch 22 is located in the inner heat-conducting layer 222.

[0046] An intelligent inflation assembly connected to the controller signal is also installed on the overhead support. A conduit 502 is connected between each two adjacent airbags 52. The conduit 502 is fixedly inserted through the outer heat insulation layer 221. The inflation port of the intelligent inflation assembly is fixedly inserted through the adjacent outer heat insulation layer 221 and communicates with the corresponding airbag 52. When the temperature is too low (a second threshold can be set in the temperature sensor, which is below 0°C, and the first threshold is 0°C), the controller can directly control the intelligent inflation assembly to fill the surface unit 5 with a certain amount of gas, so that the airbag 52 expands, thereby pushing multiple selective guide wire units close to the cable body 1 and contacting the outer wall of the cable body 1. Compared with the first embodiment, the contact area is further increased to adapt to the environment of excessively low temperature, protect the cable body 1, and prevent its surface from freezing, or allow it to melt quickly after freezing.

[0047] like Figure 10 The selected guide wire unit includes multiple sliders 532 that are slidably connected to the outer heat insulation layer 221, multiple heat-conducting wires 531 that are fixedly connected between two axially opposite sliders 532, and multiple tension bars 533 that are fixedly connected between the sliders 532 and the support plate 51. The tension bars 533 are made of elastic material, and in their natural state, the heat-conducting wires 531 are in contact with the airbag 52, that is, the tension bars 533 are in a straight state. The heat-conducting wires 531 have a zigzag structure, and the distance between the middle of the heat-conducting wire 531 and the cable body 1 is closer than the distance between its two ends and the cable body 1. Both the heat-conducting wires 531 and the sliders 532 are made of heat-conducting material. During inflation, the multiple heat-conducting wires 531 and the sliders 532 gradually approach the cable body 1 radially until... The heat-conducting wire 531 contacts the cable body 1, and the slider 532 contacts the inner heat-conducting layer 222. At this time, some of the heat generated by the heating wire 41 in the inner heat-conducting layer 222 can be transferred laterally along multiple heat-conducting wires 531, so that the surface of the cable body 1 can be heated more evenly. At the same time, it effectively avoids local overheating of its surface, improves the effect of preventing ice formation, and effectively improves the uniformity of ice removal. It is less likely that water generated by local melting will flow through other areas that do not correspond to the axial guide wire 21 and axial patch 22 and refreeze, thus improving the ice removal effect. After preventing or removing ice, the automatic inflation component can be controlled to release some gas. After losing the support force, the tension bar 533 regains its elasticity and can drive the slider 532 and the heat-conducting wire 531 to reset.

[0048] In summary, by setting the surface patching unit 5, when the temperature is too low, the contact area between the snow-removing sleeve and the cable body 1 can be adaptively increased, thereby making the cable body 1 fully wrapped, which improves the effect of inhibiting ice and snow adhesion. During de-icing, it can also accelerate the melting of ice and snow and reduce the probability of rapid re-icing during the melting process.

[0049] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; it encompasses all the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solutions and improved concepts of the present invention, should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ice- and snow-resistant overhead insulated power cable, comprising a cable body (1) erected between two overhead supports, characterized in that: The cable body (1) is covered with a snow-sniffing sleeve. The snow-sniffing sleeve includes two arc-shaped mounting plates (23) that are respectively fastened to two overhead supports by bolts, two axial guide wires (21) connected between the upper and lower ends of the two arc-shaped mounting plates (23), and a plurality of axial patches (22) that are respectively fixedly connected to the outer ends of the two axial guide wires (21). The axial guide wires (21) include a heating section (211) and two fastening sections (212) that are respectively fixedly connected to both ends of the heating section (211). The fastening sections (212) are fastened to the adjacent arc-shaped mounting plates (23) by screws. The axial guide wires (21) and the axial patches (22) are both embedded with heating wires (41). The heating wires (41) in the plurality of axial patches (22) are connected in parallel with the heating wires in the heating section (211) through a self-sensing component. The overhead support is equipped with a solar panel and an energy storage power supply. The energy storage power supply powers the heating wire (41). The overhead support is also equipped with a controller, a temperature sensor and a rain and snow transmitter. The controller is used to control the power supply to the heating wire (41).

2. The ice-resistant overhead insulated power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The axial guide wire (21) and axial patch (22) are both attached to the outer wall of the cable body (1), and the multiple axial patches (22) on the two axial guide wires (21) correspond to each other, and the openings of the two arc-shaped mounting plates (23) face opposite directions.

3. The ice-resistant overhead insulated power cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-sensing temperature component includes two wires (42) connected in parallel with the heating wire (41). The two wires (42) are respectively connected to the beginning and end of the heating wire (41) in the axial patch (22). One of the wires (42) is provided with an adaptive unit in the middle.

4. The ice-resistant overhead insulated power cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating section (211) has multiple cavities (101) that correspond to multiple adaptive units. The adaptive units are located inside the cavities (101). Each adaptive unit includes a fixed conductive rod (431) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cavity (101), a movable conductive rod (432) slidably connected to the cavity (101), and a temperature sensing wire (433) connected between the two. The endpoints of the heating wire (41) connected in series with the adaptive unit are located on the fixed conductive rod (431) and the movable conductive rod (432), respectively. The end of the heating wire (41) connected to the movable conductive rod (432) extends into the cavity (101) and is spiral in shape.

5. An ice- and snow-resistant overhead insulated power cable according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed conductive rod (431) and the moving conductive rod (432) have embedded elongated holes at their close ends. The ends of the temperature sensing wire (433) are located in the two embedded elongated holes respectively. The temperature sensing wire (433) is made of double-pass memory alloy material. The temperature sensing wire (433) is straight when it is above 0°C and spiral when it is below 0°C.

6. An ice- and snow-resistant overhead insulated power cable according to claim 5, characterized in that: A surface-repairing unit (5) is fixedly connected between two adjacent axial patches (22). The surface-repairing unit (5) includes a carrier plate (51) and an air bladder (52). The carrier plate (51) has a groove (501) cut into the surface facing the cable body (1). The air bladder (52) is placed inside the carrier plate (51). A selection wire unit is also provided outside the air bladder (52). The axial patch (22) includes an outer heat insulation layer (221) and an inner heat-conducting layer (222) in contact with the cable body (1). Under no external force, the selection wire unit corresponds to the outer heat insulation layer (221). The heating wire (41) in the axial patch (22) is located in the inner heat-conducting layer (222).

7. An ice- and snow-resistant overhead insulated power cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: The overhead support is also equipped with an intelligent inflation component that is connected to the controller signal. A conduit (502) is connected between each of the two adjacent airbags (52). The conduit (502) is fixedly inserted through the outer heat insulation layer (221). The inflation port of the intelligent inflation component is fixedly inserted through the adjacent outer heat insulation layer (221) and communicates with the corresponding airbag (52).

8. An ice- and snow-resistant overhead insulated power cable according to claim 7, characterized in that: The selected guide wire unit includes multiple sliders (532) that are slidably connected to the outer heat insulation layer (221), multiple heat-conducting wires (531) that are fixedly connected between two axially opposite sliders (532), and multiple tension strips (533) that are fixedly connected between the sliders (532) and the support plate (51). The tension strips (533) are made of elastic material, and the heat-conducting wires (531) are in contact with the airbag (52) in their natural state.

9. An ice- and snow-resistant overhead insulated power cable according to claim 8, characterized in that: The heat-conducting wire (531) has a zigzag structure, and the distance between the middle part of the heat-conducting wire (531) and the cable body (1) is closer than the distance between its two ends and the cable body (1). Both the heat-conducting wire (531) and the slider (532) are made of heat-conducting materials.

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