Multi-needle ionization type lightning receiving device and method based on multi-layer heterogeneous composite electrode

By using a multi-layer heterogeneous composite electrode structure and combining high field emission materials and nonlinear dielectric materials, the problem of low start-up reliability of passive multi-needle lightning arresters under weak thundercloud electric fields is solved. This achieves efficient leader excitation and broad protection effects, adapting to the spatial constraints and mechanical stability of different scenarios.

CN122418436APending Publication Date: 2026-07-17HUANENG GUANGXI CLEAN ENERGY CO LTD
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202610754364.1
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2026-05-28
Publication Date
2026-07-17

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Existing passive multi-needle lightning arresters have low reliability in starting up under weak thundercloud electric fields, insufficient leader excitation intensity, and are prone to failure when the electric field fluctuates, thus failing to meet practical needs.

Method used

A multilayer heterogeneous composite electrode structure is adopted, including a top-layer needle tip array, a middle-layer field emission layer and a bottom-layer capacitor energy storage layer. By utilizing high field emission materials and nonlinear dielectric materials, and through an impedance matching network, the stable generation of initial electron flow and rapid energy release are achieved, thereby optimizing the electric field distribution and energy storage.

Benefits of technology

It significantly reduces the start-up field strength, shortens the pilot excitation delay, increases the protection radius, improves the reliability and effectiveness of the device, adapts to the space constraints of different scenarios, enhances mechanical life, and enables online health status monitoring.

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection, in particular to a multi-needle ionization type lightning receiving device and method based on a multi-layer heterogeneous composite electrode, under a background thundercloud electric field, a middle field emission layer is utilized to stably generate initial electron flow and plasma, and sufficient charges are provided for uplink pilot excitation; the bottom capacitance energy storage layer collects and stores corresponding charges through the impedance matching network, and when a thundercloud electric field is sharply enhanced, the impedance matching network is automatically switched to a low impedance state, and the stored energy is quickly released to the top needle tip array, so that an enhanced uplink pilot is formed at the needle tip, and the purpose of improving the utilization rate of the thundercloud electric field is achieved. Compared with an existing passive lightning arresting device purely depending on macroscopic geometric parameter optimization, the passive ionization type lightning arresting device has the advantages that the starting field intensity can be remarkably reduced, the pilot excitation time delay can be shortened, the uplink pilot initial current can be increased, the protection radius can be effectively increased, and the performance bottleneck of the existing passive ionization type lightning arresting device can be broken through.
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