A dry-distributed wet-out sulphur-based fully water-soluble extruded granular fertilizer and a method of making the same

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of dry sowing wet out sulphur-based full water-soluble extrusion granular fertilizer and preparation method thereof, belong to fertilizer preparation technical field.The fertilizer is composed of nitrogen source, phosphorus source, potassium sulfate, water-soluble organic matter, molecular weight≤1000Da algal oligosaccharide, gamma-aminobutyric acid and complex microelement, and is prepared by using clayless binder roll extrusion process.2024 Xinjiang Wenxu county rice field test verification: the product is completely dissolved in 1 minute 20 seconds, drip irrigation blockage rate is 0%, rice emergence rate is 92.3%, actual yield is 782.6 kg / acre, compared with conventional fertilization, yield increases by 8.5%, on the basis of 11.9% yield increase in early fertilizer, increases by 12.0%;Small molecule active ingredients can reduce root tip sodium ion accumulation by 32.1%, significantly alleviate saline-alkali stress.The high-nitrogen low-phosphorus potassium formula of the application is suitable for the present situation of Xinjiang soil nutrients, and is suitable for the topdressing operation of Xinjiang large-scale strip field dry sowing wet out planting mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizer preparation technology, specifically to a sulfur-based fully water-soluble extruded granular fertilizer produced by dry sowing and wet extraction, and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] In Xinjiang, arable land is distributed in large-scale strip fields, and surface water is unevenly distributed in time and space. Agricultural production relies on groundwater drip irrigation. The core planting model is the integrated water and fertilizer technology of dry sowing and wet emergence + drip irrigation under film. This model requires fertilizers to have full water solubility, otherwise it will easily clog the drip irrigation tape and increase the system maintenance cost.

[0003] Meanwhile, the farmland in Xinjiang is generally salinized, and the salt and alkali stress will inhibit the water and fertilizer absorption of rice and wheat roots, resulting in low emergence rate and weak seedling growth. The local soil is relatively rich in phosphorus and potassium, and traditional balanced compound fertilizers are prone to nutrient waste.

[0004] The closest existing technology is non-fully water-soluble granular fertilizer, which has achieved an 11.9% yield increase in rice cultivation, but it has significant drawbacks: It cannot be applied with water dripping and requires manual or mechanical spreading. Large-area strip application results in high labor costs and uneven fertilization. Nutrients are released slowly, which is out of sync with the critical period for crop nutrient demand, and water use efficiency is low. It has a high content of water-insoluble matter, and if used for drip irrigation, it can easily clog the labyrinth channels; Conventional fully water-soluble fertilizers contain only chemical nutrients and lack the biostimulation function to alleviate salt and alkali stress, making them unsuitable for planting in saline-alkali land. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention discloses a sulfur-based fully water-soluble extruded granular fertilizer for dry sowing and wet germination. The technical solution adopted is composed of a basic nutrient module, an organic matter module, a biostimulant module, micronutrients, and auxiliary materials, with the specific formulation as follows: Basic nutrients Nitrogen source (one or more of urea and ammonium sulfate): 30-45 parts, preferably 38 parts; Phosphorus source (monoammonium phosphate): 5-15 parts, preferably 10 parts; Potassium source (potassium sulfate): 10-20 parts, preferably 15 parts; Organic matter module: Selected water-soluble organic matter (enzymatically hydrolyzed small molecule peptides / potassium humate powder): 8-12 parts, preferably 10 parts, water-insoluble matter ≤0.5%; Biostimulation module seaweed oligosaccharides: 0.5-2 parts, preferably 1 part, molecular weight strictly ≤1000 Da; γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA): 0.1-0.5 parts, preferably 0.2 parts; Micronutrients (zinc, manganese, boron, in complexed / chelated form): 1-3 parts, preferably 2 parts; Auxiliary materials: Adhesives / lubricants, in appropriate amounts.

[0006] Preparation method This invention employs a double-roller extrusion granulation process without mineral clay binders. Specific steps include: Raw material pretreatment and premixing Nitrogen source, phosphorus source, and potassium sulfate are pulverized into 60-80 mesh fine powder; water-soluble organic matter (moisture content <5%), seaweed oligosaccharide, γ-aminobutyric acid, and trace elements are premixed for 10 minutes to prepare a biofunctional premix. Overall Mix Basic nutrient powder and biofunctional premix are fed into a twin-shaft paddle mixer and mixed for 15-20 minutes, with a coefficient of variation (CV) ≤ 5%. Extrusion granulation The mixture is fed into a double-roll extrusion granulator with a roller pressure of 8-12MPa and a rotation speed of 15-25r / min. It is formed by the deformation of the raw material lattice and van der Waals forces, without fillers such as bentonite and calcium powder. Screening and cooling After the extruded sheet material is crushed and granulated, particles of 1.5mm-4.0mm are collected by a double-layer vibrating screen; the material is then cooled to <35℃ by counter-current air cooling to prevent agglomeration.

[0007] Working principle The principle of complete water-soluble disintegration: extrusion granulation has no hydrophobic coating layer. Water penetrates along the micro-cracks of the particles, and easily soluble nutrients dissolve rapidly. The particles disintegrate within 1-2 minutes and pass through a 100-mesh sieve without residue or pipe blockage. Mechanism of salt and alkali stress relief: Small molecule seaweed oligosaccharides activate crop stress resistance signaling pathways and reduce sodium ion accumulation in root tips; γ-aminobutyric acid regulates stomatal opening and closing, promotes lateral root development, and enhances salt and alkali resistance.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. Fully water-soluble with no residue, it dissolves completely within 1 minute and 30 seconds, thoroughly solving the problem of drip irrigation pipe blockage. It is suitable for automated topdressing, reducing labor and water costs.

[0009] 2. In addition to the original yield increase of 11.9%, it adds salt-alkali resistance biological function to improve the emergence rate and growth of rice and wheat in saline-alkali land.

[0010] 3. The high-nitrogen, low-phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur-based formula is well-suited to the current soil nutrient status in Xinjiang, avoiding the waste of phosphorus and potassium resources.

[0011] 4. No clay filler, no wastewater or waste gas during production, and the particles have moderate hardness and do not clump during storage. Detailed Implementation

[0012] Example 1 This invention discloses a sulfur-based fully water-soluble extruded granular fertilizer prepared by dry sowing and wet germination, comprising the following parts by weight: 38 parts urea, 10 parts monoammonium phosphate, 15 parts potassium sulfate, 10 parts potassium humate concentrate, 1 part seaweed oligosaccharide, 0.2 parts γ-aminobutyric acid, 2 parts chelated trace elements, and appropriate amount of lubricant.

[0013] The raw materials are pulverized to 60 mesh, and the biological functional components are premixed for 10 minutes. All materials were mixed for 18 minutes, with a CV value of 4.2%. Roller extrusion: pressure 10MPa, speed 20r / min; Granulation is performed to separate particles from 2.0mm to 3.5mm, and then air-cooled to 30℃.

[0014] Performance test: 1g of fertilizer was added to 100ml of still water and completely disintegrated in 1 minute and 20 seconds, leaving no residue after passing through a 120-mesh filter; Alternative solutions Water-soluble organic matter can be replaced with enzymatically hydrolyzed fish protein peptide powder, alginate pyrolysis powder, or sugarcane molasses fermentation powder (water-insoluble matter <1.0%). Seaweed oligosaccharides can be replaced with chitosan oligosaccharides and polyglutamic acid; γ-aminobutyric acid can be replaced with proline and betaine. The extrusion pressure can be relaxed to 5-15 MPa, and the polishing and granulation process after roll pressing still falls within the protection scope of this invention.

[0015] Field trials in Wensu County, Xinjiang, showed that compared with conventional fertilization, rice yield increased by 14.2% and the rate of relief from salt-alkali stress during the seedling stage increased by 35%.

[0016] 1. Experiment Overview Experiment period: Rice growth period in 2024 Experimental location: Saline-alkali paddy fields in Wensu County, Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang Soil conditions: pH 8.2~8.5, salt content 0.25%~0.32%, moderately salinized. Planting method: dry sowing with wet emergence + drip irrigation under mulch Experimental crop: Locally cultivated rice varieties Experimental design: 3 treatments, 3 replicates, randomized block design, plot size 20㎡ 2. Test treatment Treatment 1 (Invention): Preferred ratio of sulfur-based fully water-soluble extruded granular fertilizer Treatment 2 (Preliminary Control): Non-fully water-soluble granular fertilizer with the same nutrients (background technology product) Treatment 3 (Standard Control): Commercially available conventional water-soluble fertilizer containing macronutrients 3. Fertilization plan Apply fertilizer during the topdressing period, 6 kg per acre each time, twice during the entire growth period, and apply with irrigation water. 4. Test Indicators and Measured Data

[0017] 5. Experimental Conclusions The fertilizer of this invention is completely water-soluble and leaves no residue. It is compatible with drip irrigation systems without clogging, solving the problem of fertilizers not being able to be applied with water in the early stages. Small molecule seaweed oligosaccharides and GABA significantly alleviated salt and alkali stress, and greatly improved rice seedling emergence rate and root activity; The yield increased by 12.0% compared to the previous non-fully water-soluble fertilizer, with a total yield increase of 22.3%, which is better than existing technology and conventional fertilizers.

[0018] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0019] While the specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and modifications or variations without creative effort are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sulfur-based, fully water-soluble extruded granular fertilizer produced by dry sowing and wet extraction, characterized in that, It is made from the following components in parts by weight: Nitrogen source 30-45 parts, phosphorus source 5-15 parts, potassium sulfate 10-20 parts, water-soluble organic matter 8-12 parts, seaweed oligosaccharide 0.5-2 parts, γ-aminobutyric acid 0.1-0.5 parts, complexed trace elements 1-3 parts, and appropriate amount of adhesive or lubricant; The seaweed oligosaccharide has a molecular weight ≤1000 Da and water-soluble organic matter with water-insoluble content ≤0.5%.

2. The sulfur-based fully water-soluble extruded granular fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preferred weight proportions of each component are: 38 parts nitrogen source, 10 parts phosphorus source, 15 parts potassium sulfate, 10 parts water-soluble organic matter, 1 part seaweed oligosaccharide, 0.2 parts γ-aminobutyric acid, and 2 parts trace elements.

3. The sulfur-based fully water-soluble extruded granular fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nitrogen source is one or more of urea and ammonium sulfate; the phosphorus source is monoammonium phosphate; and the water-soluble organic matter is one of enzymatically hydrolyzed small molecule peptides and potassium humate concentrate.

4. A method for preparing a sulfur-based, fully water-soluble extruded granular fertilizer as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Nitrogen source, phosphorus source and potassium sulfate are pulverized into 60-80 mesh fine powder; water-soluble organic matter, seaweed oligosaccharide, γ-aminobutyric acid and trace elements are premixed for 10 minutes to prepare biological functional premix; (2) Mix the basic nutrient powder with the biofunctional premix for 15-20 minutes, and the coefficient of variation (CV) should be ≤5%. (3) The mixture is extruded and granulated by rollers with a pressure of 8-12 MPa and a rotation speed of 15-25 r / min; (4) The extruded material is crushed and granulated, and the 1.5mm-4.0mm particles are collected and air-cooled to <35℃.

5. The method for preparing sulfur-based fully water-soluble extruded granular fertilizer by dry sowing and wet extraction according to claim 4, characterized in that, No bentonite or calcium powder mineral binders are added during the extrusion granulation process.

6. The application of a sulfur-based, fully water-soluble extruded granular fertilizer as described in any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, For topdressing of rice and wheat under wet mulch in saline-alkali land in Xinjiang, the dosage is 5-8 kg per mu each time.

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