Highway construction period carbon emission calculation and tracing analysis system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of project management, in particular to a highway construction period carbon emission calculation and traceability analysis system and method, comprising a benchmark parameter configuration module, a material flow carbon emission tracking module, a mechanical working condition carbon emission evaluation module, a carbon emission total amount overrun early warning module and an abnormal carbon emission dimension reduction traceability module.In the present application, by binding an industrial digital identity serial number to building materials to continuously collect coordinates, combined with technical means such as extracting mechanical throttle opening degree and other bottom layer electric signal parameters, dynamic updating of material flow carbon emission and accurate capture of mechanical real-time carbon equivalent generation rate are realized, at the same time, by fusing features to total amount planning and triggering dimension reduction traceability when exceeding the limit, overrun early warning of overall carbon emission amount within the bid period is realized, which plays a role in overrun early warning and accurate definition of responsibility, and changes traditional ex post facto static accounting into dynamic carbon control with whole process, high precision and quantifiable accountability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of project management technology, and in particular to a system and method for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during the construction period of highways. Background Technology

[0002] Project management technology primarily involves the process of planning, organizing, and coordinating various tasks under limited resource constraints using systems theory and professional methods. Its main purpose is to ensure that specific tasks can proceed smoothly according to predetermined milestones, quality standards, and budget requirements through the rational allocation of human, material, and financial resources. It is widely applied in numerous industries, including construction engineering, information technology, equipment manufacturing, and transportation infrastructure construction. Specifically, carbon emission calculation and source analysis during highway construction refers to the overall process of quantitatively assessing the greenhouse gas emissions generated during the highway construction phase and tracing and analyzing their sources. It is mainly used to calculate the carbon equivalent of energy consumption and material usage during construction, thereby identifying the specific stages and root causes of major carbon emission sources. Typically, emission factor methods or mass balance methods combined with life cycle assessment theory are used to achieve the relevant calculation and source tracing objectives. In practice, existing methods such as construction ledger records, energy consumption lists, and environmental assessment software are often used for basic data collection and analysis.

[0003] In the traditional process of calculating and tracing carbon emissions during highway construction, although construction ledgers, energy consumption inventories, and environmental assessment software combined with the emission factor method can be used to quantify greenhouse gas emissions, there are still problems when facing complex construction conditions such as frequent cross-regional transfer of building materials and real-time drastic changes in the operating conditions of construction machinery. These problems include serious lag in data acquisition, extreme reliance on manual static records for calculation accuracy, and difficulty in timely blocking and accurate accountability for excessive carbon emissions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a system and method for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during highway construction. The technical solution is as follows: On the one hand, it provides a system for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during the construction period of highways, including: The baseline parameter configuration module obtains the initial implicit carbon emissions of building materials at the factory exit stage during the highway construction period, binds the industrial digital identity serial number, and simultaneously obtains the preset baseline parameter set of construction machinery. The initial implicit carbon emissions and the preset baseline parameter set are aggregated and encapsulated to generate the underlying baseline parameter configuration data. The material flow carbon emission tracking module collects the current physical location coordinate data and the previous physical location coordinate data of building materials, combines the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data to determine the carbon emission increment of building material logistics in a single trip, and performs a total carbon emission update to obtain material dynamic flow carbon emission tracking data. The mechanical operating condition carbon emission assessment module collects the throttle opening electrical signal, fuel injection pulse width electrical signal, intake pressure parameters and exhaust temperature parameters of the construction machinery, performs carbon equivalent generation characteristic conversion of the construction machinery, and obtains the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics of the machinery. The carbon emission total limit exceedance early warning module calculates the total carbon emission of the entire section period based on the dynamic material flow carbon emission tracking data and the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics of the machinery, determines the carbon emission limit exceedance deviation status in combination with the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data, and constructs a construction abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and source tracing start command. When the abnormal carbon emission reduction and tracing module receives the start command for abnormal carbon emission reduction and tracing during construction, it executes the abnormal carbon emission tracing trigger process, determines the status of the over-emission responsibility boundary, and obtains the calculation and tracing analysis results of carbon emissions during the highway construction period.

[0005] As a further aspect of the present invention, the preset benchmark parameter set includes carbon emission early warning benchmarks for material production during highway construction, carbon emission early warning benchmarks for material transportation during highway construction, upper limit of the economic fuel consumption speed range for construction machinery during highway construction, minimum gear identification features for construction machinery during highway construction, carbon emission exceeding warning thresholds during highway construction, normal state benchmarks for the absolute pressure of the intake manifold of construction machinery during highway construction, and carbon emission mapping factors for material transportation per unit distance during highway construction.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention, when the total carbon emissions of the entire period of the standard segment are greater than the carbon emission exceeding the warning threshold, it is determined that the carbon emission exceeds the limit deviation state; otherwise, it is a normal state.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention, the reference parameter configuration module includes: The material carbon emission traceability submodule collects the digital identity serial number of building materials during the highway construction phase, obtains the initial implicit carbon emission of building materials at the factory exit, associates and records the digital identity serial number with the initial implicit carbon emission, and simultaneously extracts the carbon emission early warning benchmark of material production during the highway construction process to obtain implicit carbon emission benchmark parameters. The engineering benchmark extraction submodule extracts the carbon emission early warning benchmark for material transportation during the construction phase, the upper limit of the economic fuel consumption speed range of construction machinery, the identification features of the lowest gear of construction machinery, and the carbon emission exceeding the early warning threshold during the construction period of highways, based on the implicit carbon emission benchmark parameters, to obtain the machine status early warning parameters. The underlying configuration integration submodule extracts the normal state benchmark of the absolute pressure of the intake manifold of the engineering machinery and the carbon emission mapping factor of the material unit distance transportation based on the implicit carbon emission benchmark parameters and the mechanical state warning parameters. It then aggregates and encapsulates the various parameters to obtain the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention, the material flow carbon emission tracking module includes: The flow coordinate alignment submodule collects the current position coordinate values ​​of the gate crossing node of building materials during the highway construction stage, extracts the previous position coordinate data of building materials stored in the historical flow records, aligns the two sets of values ​​in the spatial reference system and calculates the spatial displacement distance difference to obtain the spherical displacement distance characteristics of the building materials. The logistics single-trip carbon emission submodule extracts the carbon emission mapping factor for material unit distance transportation within the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data based on the spherical displacement distance characteristics of the building materials, and performs a numerical multiplication operation between the two to obtain the incremental carbon emission of building materials logistics single trip. The cumulative carbon emission update submodule obtains the total cumulative carbon emission tracking amount of the building material logistics based on the single carbon emission increment, merges and sums the two, extracts the total cumulative carbon emission related to the output material, updates the historical cumulative carbon emission total retention variable record information, and obtains the material dynamic flow carbon emission tracking data.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention, the mechanical operating condition carbon emission assessment module includes: The fuel demand characteristics submodule collects the corresponding instantaneous throttle opening electrical signal and fuel injection pulse width electrical signal generated by the underlying control network bus of highway construction machinery. It performs working condition characteristic signal filtering and screening on the two signals, extracts the filtered instantaneous throttle opening electrical signal and the filtered fuel injection pulse width electrical signal, evaluates and analyzes the amplitude change of the two filtered signals, and extracts the working condition load fuel demand characteristics. The air-fuel ratio submodule collects the corresponding mechanical intake manifold absolute pressure parameters and mechanical exhaust temperature parameters, calculates the engine chamber intake mass distribution parameters, and performs proportional conversion based on the fuel demand characteristics of the operating load to generate an instantaneous air-fuel ratio record of the engine. The carbon equivalent generation submodule, based on the instantaneous air-fuel ratio state record of the engine, compares the combustion state deviation difference with the ideal combustion parameters, extracts the mechanical incomplete combustion ratio feature, calculates the corresponding carbon emission equivalent ratio by combining the fuel demand feature and the incomplete combustion feature, and obtains the mechanical real-time carbon equivalent generation rate feature.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the carbon emission limit exceeding early warning module includes: The material carbon emission summary submodule extracts the dynamic flow carbon emission tracking data of the material, reads the updated cumulative total carbon emission value of all corresponding items in the column, performs item-by-item summation to calculate the total, and performs summary statistics and archiving to generate the total carbon emission of materials during the construction period. The section carbon emission fusion submodule extracts the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate features of all the machinery generated within the construction period based on the total carbon emission of the materials during the construction period. It performs corresponding time-domain sequence integration and summation on all extracted feature parameters, outputs the total fuel carbon emission of the machinery during the construction period, and adds it to the total carbon emission of the materials during the construction period to obtain the total carbon emission of the entire section period. The over-limit early warning instruction submodule reads the carbon emission over-limit early warning threshold from the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data. When the total carbon emission of the entire section exceeds the carbon emission over-limit early warning threshold, it is determined to be an over-limit deviation state. The module then executes the over-limit trigger alarm action and generates a construction abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and source tracing start instruction.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention, the abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and tracing module includes: The material responsibility determination submodule receives the construction anomaly carbon emission reduction and tracing start command. When the initial implicit carbon emission of the building material is greater than the material production carbon emission warning benchmark, it determines the material manufacturing end to be responsible for excessive emissions and generates a material manufacturing end production process responsibility record. It sums up the single carbon emission increments of all building material logistics to obtain the total carbon emission of material transportation. When the total carbon emission of material transportation is greater than the material transportation carbon emission warning benchmark, it determines the material transportation end to be responsible for excessive emissions and generates a building material physical transportation route redundancy responsibility record. It then obtains a comprehensive material logistics dual-end responsibility record. The mechanical operation diagnosis submodule stores the material logistics dual-end responsibility records, removes isolated noise interference parameters of the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate feature of the machinery, extracts extreme values ​​and extracts the machine speed and gear position, and identifies when the machine engine speed is greater than the upper limit of the economic fuel consumption speed range of the construction machinery and the machine gear position is equal to the lowest gear of the construction machinery, thus determining it as a human violation operation responsibility and generating an abnormal operation violation record of the construction machinery; when the absolute pressure parameter of the machine intake manifold is less than the normal state benchmark of the absolute pressure of the construction machinery intake manifold, it is determined as a deterioration responsibility and generates a hardware fault repair trigger work order for the construction machinery, thus obtaining a hardware abnormality record of the construction equipment; The integrated dimension reduction and source tracing submodule obtains the hardware anomaly records of the engineering equipment and the dual-end responsibility records of the material logistics. It then performs data text recombination and splicing on the above-mentioned responsibility information, performs correlation and centralized processing, and obtains the carbon emission calculation and source tracing analysis results during the highway construction period.

[0012] On the other hand, the method for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during the highway construction period includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the initial implicit carbon emissions of building materials at the factory exit stage during the highway construction period, bind the industrial digital identity serial number, and simultaneously obtain the preset benchmark parameter set of construction machinery. Then, aggregate and encapsulate the initial implicit carbon emissions and the preset benchmark parameter set to generate underlying benchmark parameter configuration data. S2: Collect the current physical location coordinate data and previous physical location coordinate data of building materials, combine them with the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data to determine the carbon emission increment of building material logistics in a single transaction, and perform a total carbon emission update to obtain material dynamic flow carbon emission tracking data; S3: Collect the throttle opening electrical signal, fuel injection pulse width electrical signal, intake pressure parameters and exhaust temperature parameters of the construction machinery, perform carbon equivalent generation characteristic conversion of the construction machinery, and obtain the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics of the machinery. S4: Based on the material dynamic flow carbon emission tracking data and the mechanical real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics, calculate the total carbon emission of the entire section cycle, combine the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data to determine the carbon emission limit deviation status, and construct the construction abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and source tracing start command. S5: When the abnormal carbon emission reduction and source tracing start command is received, the abnormal carbon emission tracing trigger process is executed to determine the over-emission responsibility boundary status and obtain the carbon emission calculation and source tracing analysis results during the highway construction period.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention include at least the following: By binding industrial digital identity serial numbers to building materials to continuously collect logistics location coordinates, and by directly extracting underlying operating parameters such as throttle opening electrical signals and fuel injection pulse width electrical signals of construction machinery, the system can achieve dynamic updates of single carbon emission increments throughout the entire process of building materials from factory to site, and accurately capture the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate of mechanical equipment. It also integrates the dynamic flow of materials with the real-time generation rate characteristics of machinery for total overall planning, and constructs abnormal dimensionality reduction and source tracing instructions under the state of carbon emission exceeding the limit. These technologies enable early warning of the overall carbon emission exceeding the limit within the benchmark period, and quickly trigger the traceability process and clearly define the responsibility boundary for exceeding the emission limit when abnormal emissions occur. This transforms the traditional post-event static accounting into dynamic carbon management and control that is full-process, high-precision, and quantifiable. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the carbon emission calculation and source tracing analysis system during the construction period of a highway provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system framework of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the baseline parameter configuration module of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the material flow carbon emission tracking module of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the carbon emission assessment module for mechanical operating conditions in this invention; Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the carbon emission limit exceeding early warning module of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the abnormal carbon emission reduction and tracing module of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the method for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during the construction period of a highway, provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0018] This embodiment provides a carbon emission calculation and source tracing analysis system for highway construction. In practical applications, such as the continuous operation of material entry gates, mixing plants, beam yards, roadbed construction surfaces, and engineering machinery operation areas at highway construction sites, information on building materials leaving the factory, gate passage records, machinery underlying control network signals, and section carbon emission management records are transmitted along the same carbon emission business link during the same construction period. This forms a closed-loop processing environment oriented towards material sources, transportation flow, machinery operating conditions, over-limit warnings, and responsibility tracing. The starting point for all carbon emissions statistics is the "factory stage" of building materials.

[0019] For materials: the calculation doesn't start when the materials arrive at the construction site, but rather from the moment they leave the building materials production base (factory). The "initial implicit carbon emissions" generated during manufacturing in the factory are directly extracted and used as the starting value. Every kilometer of transportation on the road is then tracked and accumulated until the materials are used on site.

[0020] Mechanical component: The statistical starting point for the mechanical component is the moment when the construction machinery starts up at the construction site and generates underlying electrical signals (such as fuel injection). The system will accumulate the carbon emissions of the entire construction cycle on a second-by-second (integral) basis.

[0021] This approach breaks away from the traditional model of simply calculating costs on the construction site. For materials, the tracking is extended back to the factory exit point, and dynamic carbon emissions are calculated across three major stages: material production, end-to-end logistics and transportation, and on-site mechanical construction.

[0022] Specifically, it includes: Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The baseline parameter configuration module serves as the underlying configuration basis for subsequent material flow tracking, mechanical condition assessment, and carbon emission limit judgment. The initial implicit carbon emission is the carbon emission record object generated along with the building material's digital file at the factory exit stage. It carries the material category, carbon emission attribution at the production stage, factory-end certification information, and traceability fields corresponding to the material's identity. The industrial digital identity serial number is a unique traceability identifier bound to the building material's digital file, used to maintain the continuity of the same material object's identity during material exit, transportation, on-site warehousing, and subsequent responsibility traceability.

[0023] The baseline parameter configuration module is the foundation of the entire tracking process. It assigns a unique "industrial digital identity serial number" to each batch of building materials (such as a batch of cement). At the same time, it checks the database to see how much carbon emissions this batch of materials had already generated before leaving the factory (initial implicit carbon emissions, i.e., how much coal and electricity were burned and used to produce carbon in the production of this batch of cement). This value is recorded as the "baseline" of carbon emissions for this batch of materials.

[0024] The preset benchmark parameter set consists of rule-based parameter objects pre-configured by the construction period carbon emission management platform and confirmed by project management permissions. These include carbon emission early warning benchmarks for material production and transportation, upper limits for the economic fuel consumption speed range of construction machinery, the lowest gear identification characteristics of construction machinery, carbon emission exceeding standard early warning judgment benchmarks during construction, normal state benchmarks for the absolute pressure of the construction machinery's intake manifold, and carbon emission mapping factors for material transportation per unit distance. These parameters are not used as on-site input examples but rather as the source of rules for subsequent comparisons, mappings, status identification, and responsibility attribution. The underlying benchmark parameter configuration data is a data object encapsulated by the benchmark parameter configuration module. It carries the binding relationship between material identity and initial implicit carbon emissions, machinery status judgment benchmarks, and material transportation carbon emission mapping rules. It is output to the material flow carbon emission tracking module, machinery operating condition carbon emission assessment module, total carbon emission exceeding limit early warning module, and abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and source tracing module.

[0025] The material carbon emission traceability submodule receives the digital identity serial number and initial implicit carbon emission amount from the digital archive interface at the building material's factory end. It performs format consistency checks, duplicate binding checks, and access permission source checks on the digital identity serial number. Upon successful verification, the digital identity serial number and initial implicit carbon emission amount are written into the material carbon emission traceability record, forming an implicit carbon emission benchmark parameter. This implicit carbon emission benchmark parameter points to the same material's factory-end carbon emission source and provides a comparative basis for subsequent assessment of the material manufacturing end's responsibility, corresponding to a production carbon emission early warning benchmark.

[0026] When the digital file at the factory end is missing, the identity identifier cannot be parsed, the identity identifier conflicts with existing material files, or the initial implicit carbon emission source permission fails verification, the material carbon emission traceability submodule will not send the material record into the normal tracking chain. Instead, it will generate a pending verification status record and write it into the audit log. The pending verification status record includes the abnormal source category, the associated material identity field, and the processing status. It is output to the underlying configuration integration submodule as restrictive configuration content, so that subsequent modules can identify its traceability status when reading the material object instead of directly using incomplete data.

[0027] The engineering benchmark extraction submodule receives implicit carbon emission benchmark parameters and extracts material transportation carbon emission early warning benchmarks, upper limits of the economic fuel consumption speed range for construction machinery, minimum gear identification features of construction machinery, and construction period carbon emission exceedance early warning judgment benchmarks from the benchmark rule library of the construction period carbon emission management platform. Machinery status early warning parameters are rule-based data objects output by the engineering benchmark extraction submodule, carrying the basis for judging the machinery operating status, material transportation status, and the overall carbon emission status of the project section. This data object only stores the rule source, applicable objects, and activation status, and does not carry on-site calculation examples.

[0028] When reading the benchmark extraction submodule, it performs a consistency match on the rule version, applicable construction stage, enabling permissions, and object category. If the rule version is invalid, the rule object does not match the current construction stage of the contract section, or the interface returns an exception, a benchmark rule pending confirmation status is generated, and the abnormal rule is prevented from entering the mechanical status warning parameters. The pending confirmation status is written to the configuration audit log and fed back to the management interface of the benchmark parameter configuration module, ensuring that the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data maintains the traceability of the rule source.

[0029] The underlying configuration integration submodule receives implicit carbon emission baseline parameters and mechanical status warning parameters, and further extracts the normal state baseline of the absolute pressure of the intake manifold of the construction machinery and the carbon emission mapping factor for material unit distance transportation. The normal state baseline of the absolute pressure of the intake manifold of the construction machinery is used to subsequently identify whether the mechanical intake status has entered the hardware abnormality category, and the carbon emission mapping factor for material unit distance transportation is used to convert the material flow distance characteristics into a rule mapping relationship corresponding to the incremental carbon emission of logistics. The underlying configuration integration submodule encapsulates the above content according to material object, mechanical object, rule source, and activation status to form underlying baseline parameter configuration data.

[0030] The underlying configuration integration submodule establishes internal indexes for material identity binding relationships, machinery status rules, transportation mapping rules, and early warning judgment rules during the encapsulation process. These indexes are only used to ensure that subsequent modules read the corresponding configurations according to material identity, machinery identity, and construction stage, without changing the original meaning of the rules. If there are missing configuration fields, rule conflicts, or if an index cannot be established for a material identity, the underlying configuration integration submodule will mark the corresponding configuration as unavailable and pass the exception record to the subsequent module's reading end, causing subsequent tracking, evaluation, and tracing stages to process the object in a restricted state.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 The material flow carbon emission tracking module receives the current and previous location coordinates of building materials in the construction logistics chain, and determines the single-trip carbon emission increment of material logistics by combining the underlying baseline parameter configuration data. The current location coordinates are the location records generated by positioning and acquisition equipment when materials pass through the entry gate, on-site allocation node, or construction site handover node. The previous location coordinates are the last valid location record of the same material in the historical flow records. The dynamic material flow carbon emission tracking data is the data object output by the material flow carbon emission tracking module, carrying the material identity, flow distance characteristics, logistics carbon emission increment, updated cumulative carbon emission status, and anomaly handling status, and is output to the total carbon emission limit exceeding early warning module and the abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and source tracing module.

[0032] The material flow carbon emission tracking module is a dynamic tracking module. Whenever the materials move (passing through smart access control, electronic fences, or other gate points), it records the "previous location" and "current location." The distance traveled is calculated using the latitude and longitude of these two locations, and then multiplied by the carbon emission coefficient per kilometer for trucks (mapping factor) to calculate the carbon emissions generated during that journey (the incremental carbon emissions per logistics trip). This incremental value is then added to the "baseline," and the total carbon emissions are recorded wherever the materials go, accumulating all the way to the construction site.

[0033] The flow coordinate alignment submodule collects the current position coordinate data from the gate crossing node location records of building materials during the highway construction phase, and extracts the previous position coordinate data corresponding to the same material identity from historical flow records. Spatial reference system alignment unifies the coordinate source, recording format, and spatial benchmark of the two types of position data, enabling the current position record and the previous position record to participate in distance feature generation under the same position expression system. The spherical displacement distance feature of building materials is a spatial displacement result object formed after coordinate alignment, representing the physical transfer distance status of the material between adjacent effective flow nodes.

[0034] When current location coordinate data is missing, previous location coordinate data is unavailable, material identity cannot match historical records, or coordinate format is inconsistent with configuration rules, the flow coordinate alignment submodule does not generate normal distance features but instead creates a location link anomaly state. The location link anomaly state records the anomaly category, material identity, and source of the location to be supplemented, and transmits this information to the cumulative carbon emission update submodule. Upon receiving this state, the cumulative carbon emission update submodule ensures that existing cumulative records are not overwritten by the anomaly location and includes the material object in subsequent manual verification or interface supplementary transmission links.

[0035] The single-trip carbon emission submodule receives the spherical displacement distance characteristics of building materials and reads the material unit-distance transportation carbon emission mapping factor from the underlying baseline parameter configuration data. This mapping factor is the conversion basis configured by the construction period carbon emission management platform according to the material transportation rules, reflecting the correspondence between the material flow distance characteristics and the transportation carbon emission increment. The single-trip carbon emission submodule converts the correspondence between distance characteristics and mapping factors into the single-trip carbon emission increment of building material logistics and binds this increment with the material identity, flow node, and configuration source for output.

[0036] If the mapping factor is unavailable, the material identity is not bound to the underlying configuration, or the distance feature is marked as an abnormal location link, the logistics single-transaction carbon emission submodule will generate a mapping failure status instead of outputting a normal carbon emission increment. The mapping failure status is written into the material flow audit record and serves as evidence in subsequent accountability tracing, indicating that there is a configuration or data collection breakpoint for the material object in the transportation carbon emission recording process.

[0037] The cumulative carbon emissions update submodule receives the incremental carbon emissions from a single trip in the logistics of building materials and reads the total cumulative carbon emissions tracked for the materials. The total cumulative carbon emissions tracked for materials represents the cumulative status record already formed and saved for the same material identity throughout the construction phase's flow, carrying the implicit carbon emissions record at the factory end and the updated status of each effective transportation increment. The cumulative carbon emissions update submodule merges the newly formed logistics carbon emissions increment into the existing cumulative status of that material identity, forming an updated total cumulative carbon emissions, and overwrites the previously saved historical cumulative carbon emissions total variable record information with the updated status.

[0038] The update process is synchronously written to the material flow log, recording the update source, material identity, node status, and configuration version. If the update write fails, historical records are locked, duplicate material identities exist, or concurrent update status is not confirmed, the cumulative carbon emission update submodule generates an update suspension status and feeds this status back to the output of the material flow carbon emission tracking module. When the total carbon emission limit exceedance warning module reads the dynamic material flow carbon emission tracking data, it identifies the update suspension status and does not directly include unconfirmed increments in the normal aggregation chain.

[0039] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The mechanical operating condition carbon emission assessment module collects electrical signals from the throttle opening, fuel injection pulse width, intake pressure, and exhaust temperature of the construction machinery, and converts these signals into real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics. These real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics are time-domain feature objects for assessing fuel carbon emissions during the construction phase, carrying information on machinery identity, operating load status, air-fuel mixture combustion status, carbon equivalent generation status, and abnormal noise processing flags. This feature is output to the total carbon emission limit exceeding early warning module and, upon triggering tracing, to the abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and source tracing module.

[0040] The fuel demand characteristic submodule receives instantaneous throttle opening electrical signals and fuel injection pulse width electrical signals transmitted from the underlying control network bus of the construction machinery. The instantaneous throttle opening electrical signal reflects the control status of the intake regulating components due to the operational needs of the construction machinery, while the fuel injection pulse width electrical signal reflects the fuel supply status of the fuel injection actuator under the current operating conditions. The fuel demand characteristic submodule performs operating condition characteristic signal filtering on the above signals, removing invalid segments caused by transmission jitter, isolated interference, and repeated reporting from the interface, to obtain filtered instantaneous throttle opening electrical signals and filtered fuel injection pulse width electrical signals.

[0041] The fuel demand characteristics submodule continues to evaluate the amplitude changes of the two filtered signals, identifying the correspondence between mechanical load demand and fuel supply changes, and forming the operating load fuel demand characteristics. These operating load fuel demand characteristics serve as input for the subsequent air-fuel ratio submodule, describing the type of fuel supply demand the machinery requires under the current operating conditions. If the underlying control network transmission is interrupted, the signal format is inconsistent, or the signal source identity cannot be matched with the machinery file, this submodule establishes a signal unavailable state and writes it to the machinery signal audit record. Subsequent submodules receiving this state will not perform a normal combustion state transition.

[0042] The air-fuel ratio submodule receives the corresponding mechanical intake manifold absolute pressure parameters and mechanical exhaust temperature parameters. The intake manifold absolute pressure parameters come from the engineering machinery intake system sensor interface, reflecting the pressure state of the engine intake passage; the exhaust temperature parameters come from the exhaust-side sensor interface, reflecting the exhaust thermal state after combustion. Based on the above parameters, this submodule generates engine chamber intake air mass distribution state parameters and performs proportional conversion using text processing logic combined with the fuel demand characteristics under operating conditions, forming an instantaneous air-fuel ratio state record for the engine.

[0043] The instantaneous air-fuel ratio (AFRR) state record of the engine is a combustion preparation state object under the combined effect of fuel demand and intake state, carrying mechanical identity, intake state, fuel demand state, and exhaust feedback state. If the intake pressure parameter is lower than the state category corresponding to the normal state baseline, the exhaust temperature parameter cannot be parsed, the sensor interface returns an abnormality, or the fuel demand feature is unavailable, the AFRR submodule marks the state record as a restricted transition state and passes this mark to the carbon equivalent generation submodule, so that subsequent outputs can distinguish between normal combustion transitions and abnormal sensor transitions.

[0044] The carbon equivalent generation submodule receives instantaneous air-fuel ratio records from the engine and compares them with ideal combustion parameters to determine combustion state deviations. Ideal combustion parameters are pre-set combustion state reference rules in the construction phase machinery management platform, used to distinguish between fully combusted, incompletely combusted, and restricted transition states. The mechanical incomplete combustion ratio feature is a state feature object formed after comparison, characterizing the incomplete combustion category corresponding to a deviation of the combustion state from the reference rules; it does not carry numerical examples.

[0045] The carbon equivalent generation submodule converts the fuel demand characteristics under operating conditions and the mechanical incomplete combustion ratio characteristics into corresponding carbon emission equivalent ratios to generate real-time mechanical carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics. If the combustion state record is marked as a restricted conversion state, this submodule retains an anomaly source marker in the output characteristics and passes the anomaly source to the abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and tracing module. Thus, subsequent tracing can distinguish between high fuel demand caused by mechanical operation, intake anomalies caused by hardware degradation, and signal anomalies caused by the data acquisition link.

[0046] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 The carbon emission limit exceedance early warning module is used to summarize dynamic material flow carbon emission tracking data and real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics of machinery to form the overall carbon emission limit for the entire project period. It then combines this data with underlying baseline parameter configuration data to determine the carbon emission limit exceedance deviation status. The carbon emission limit exceedance deviation status is a status object formed by comparing the overall carbon emission result of the project section with the early warning judgment benchmark, including normal status, exceedance deviation status, and pending verification status. The construction anomaly carbon emission dimensionality reduction and tracing start command is a control command output by this module after identifying the exceedance deviation status. It carries the trigger source, project section scope, material and machinery data reference path, and tracing start status, and is input into the anomaly carbon emission dimensionality reduction and tracing module.

[0047] The Material Carbon Emission Summarization Submodule receives dynamic material flow carbon emission tracking data and reads the updated cumulative carbon emission total value status corresponding to the listed material objects. This submodule screens material identity, update confirmation status, pending verification status, and mapping failure status, incorporating the confirmed updated cumulative carbon emission total into the construction period material total carbon emission archiving link, and creating abnormal reference records for material objects pending verification or with update pending. The construction period material total carbon emission is the material-side summary status object output by the Material Carbon Emission Summarization Submodule, carrying the material identity coverage, confirmed summary status, and abnormal material reference status.

[0048] If the dynamic carbon emission tracking data for materials contains duplicate material identities, unconfirmed update records, inconsistent material identities with underlying configurations, or failed log writing, the material carbon emission aggregation submodule will isolate the corresponding material record from the normal aggregation chain and pass the abnormal reference record to the abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and tracing module. This process enables subsequent tracing to identify the source of excessive emissions on the material side and the source of data breakpoints on the material side, preventing abnormal collection records from being mistakenly identified as true carbon emission responsibility.

[0049] The section carbon emission fusion submodule receives the total carbon emissions of materials during the construction period and extracts the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics of machinery generated within the construction cycle. This submodule organizes the machinery characteristics by considering the machinery's identity, temporal order, abnormal noise markers, and restricted transition states. Features usable for machinery fuel carbon emission archiving are incorporated into the machinery-side aggregation link, forming the total fuel carbon emissions of machinery during the construction period. The total fuel carbon emissions of machinery during the construction period are merged with the total carbon emissions of materials during the construction period within the same section to form the overall total carbon emissions for the entire section period.

[0050] When isolated noise, sensor interface anomalies, mismatched machine identity, or time-domain sequence breaks exist in the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics of machinery, the segment carbon emission fusion submodule generates a mechanical feature anomaly reference record and retains a verification mark in the overall total carbon emission of the segment period. This mark is output to the limit-over-limit early warning instruction submodule, enabling the early warning instruction to carry the source status from the material side, the mechanical side, and the data link side when it is generated.

[0051] The over-limit early warning instruction submodule reads the construction period carbon emission exceedance early warning judgment benchmark from the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data and compares the corresponding status of the overall carbon emission total for the project period with this judgment benchmark. When the overall carbon emission total for the project period enters the status category exceeding the early warning judgment benchmark, it is determined to be an over-limit deviation state, triggering an over-limit alarm action and generating a construction abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and source tracing start instruction. When the overall carbon emission total for the project period does not enter the over-limit deviation state, it maintains a normal archiving state and waits for subsequent material flow or mechanical operating condition feature updates.

[0052] The construction anomaly carbon emission reduction and tracing initiation command is generated by binding dynamic material flow carbon emission tracking data, real-time mechanical carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics, underlying benchmark parameter configuration data, and anomaly reference records. If the alarm action is not confirmed, the command writing fails, or the tracing interface returns an anomaly, the over-limit warning command submodule marks the command status as pending confirmation and continuously retains the trigger source to prevent the over-limit status from being overwritten by subsequent normal data before tracing is completed.

[0053] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 The abnormal carbon emission reduction and tracing module is used to execute abnormal carbon emission tracing trigger processing after receiving the abnormal carbon emission reduction and tracing start command, determine the excess emission responsibility boundary status, and obtain the carbon emission calculation and tracing analysis results during the highway construction period. The excess emission responsibility boundary status is the responsibility classification result formed by comparing rules at the material manufacturing end, material transportation end, machinery operation end, and engineering equipment hardware end. The carbon emission calculation and tracing analysis results during the highway construction period are the final traceability document-type data object output by this module, which carries the responsibility category, responsibility basis, associated material identity, associated machinery identity, abnormal record source, and handling trigger status.

[0054] The Material Responsibility Determination submodule receives the command to initiate the carbon emission reduction and tracing process for construction anomalies, and reads the underlying baseline parameter configuration data, dynamic carbon emission tracking data of material flow, and material factory traceability records bound to the command. When the initial implicit carbon emissions of building materials enter a state category exceeding the material production carbon emission warning benchmark, it is determined as excessive emission responsibility at the material manufacturing end, and a material manufacturing process responsibility record is generated. This responsibility record is bound to the material's digital identity serial number, the source of the implicit carbon emission record at the factory, and the source of the production carbon emission warning benchmark, to support traceability at the material manufacturing end.

[0055] The Materials Responsibility Determination submodule also aggregates all confirmed one-way carbon emission increments in building material logistics into a total carbon emission volume for material transportation, and compares it with the status rules corresponding to the material transportation carbon emission early warning benchmark. When the total carbon emission volume for material transportation enters a status category exceeding the transportation early warning benchmark, it is determined as excessive emission responsibility at the material transportation end, and a redundant responsibility record for the physical transportation route of building materials is generated. This record includes the material identity, transportation flow node links, location link abnormal status, and mapping failure status. The production process responsibility record at the material manufacturing end and the redundant responsibility record for the physical transportation route of building materials together form a dual-end responsibility record for material logistics, which is output to the Machinery Operation Diagnosis submodule and the Comprehensive Dimensional Reduction and Traceability submodule.

[0056] The mechanical operation diagnostic submodule receives the material logistics dual-end responsibility records and reads the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics of the machinery. This submodule first removes isolated noise interference parameters from the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics. Isolated noise interference parameters are abnormal segments generated by transmission jitter, repeated interface reporting, or transient acquisition anomalies that do not have continuous operating condition meaning. The removal process does not delete the original audit records; instead, it marks the noise segments in the traceability link as not participating in responsibility judgment, ensuring that the source of mechanical operating condition judgment remains traceable.

[0057] The mechanical operation diagnosis submodule extracts extreme states from the denoised mechanical features and simultaneously extracts the mechanical speed and gear position. Mechanical speed is the operating status parameter output by the engine control link of the construction machinery, and gear position is the gear position identifier output by the transmission control link of the construction machinery. When the mechanical engine speed is identified as exceeding the upper limit of the economic fuel consumption speed range of the construction machinery, and the mechanical gear position matches the identifier of the lowest gear of the construction machinery, it is determined to be a human error violation, and an abnormal operation violation record of the construction machinery is generated.

[0058] The mechanical operation diagnostic submodule also reads the absolute pressure parameters of the mechanical intake manifold and compares them with the normal state benchmark of the intake manifold absolute pressure of the construction machinery. When the absolute pressure parameters of the mechanical intake manifold fall below the normal state benchmark, it is determined to be a responsibility for equipment degradation, and a hardware fault repair trigger work order is generated, resulting in a hardware anomaly record for the construction equipment. If the machine identity cannot be matched, the gear identifier is missing, the speed record cannot be parsed, or the sensor interface returns an anomaly, this submodule generates a mechanical diagnostic pending verification status and outputs this status along with the existing material responsibility record to the comprehensive dimensionality reduction and traceability submodule.

[0059] The comprehensive dimensionality reduction and tracing submodule receives records of hardware anomalies in engineering equipment, dual-end responsibility records for material logistics, records of abnormal operation and violations of engineering machinery, and the pending verification status of machinery diagnostics. Data text reassembly and splicing involves combining responsibility categories, responsibility bases, data sources, anomaly states, and triggering objects into a single traceability document structure, without altering the original source and responsibility boundaries of each record. Centralized association processing establishes a traceability index based on material identity, machinery identity, contract scope, and construction period record status, enabling the responsibilities of the material, transportation, operation, and equipment ends corresponding to the same over-limit warning to be located within the same analysis result.

[0060] This module outputs the results of carbon emission calculation and source tracing analysis during the highway construction period. The results include records of production process responsibility at the material manufacturing end, redundant responsibility records for the physical transportation routes of building materials, records of abnormal operation violations by construction machinery, records of hardware anomalies in construction equipment, and records of anomalies pending verification. If the traceability result writing fails, access permissions are denied, or the audit trail interface malfunctions, this submodule retains the established responsibility classification status and generates a result output pending confirmation status, allowing the construction period carbon emission management platform to re-initiate evidence writing or manual verification.

[0061] Please see Figure 8 The method for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during highway construction is based on the above system and includes the following steps: S1: Obtain the initial implicit carbon emissions of building materials at the factory stage during the highway construction period, bind the industrial digital identity serial number, and simultaneously obtain the preset benchmark parameter set of construction machinery. Then, aggregate and encapsulate the initial implicit carbon emissions and the preset benchmark parameter set to generate underlying benchmark parameter configuration data. S2: Collect the current physical location coordinate data and previous physical location coordinate data of building materials, combine them with the underlying baseline parameter configuration data to determine the carbon emission increment of building material logistics in a single transaction, and perform a total carbon emission update to obtain material dynamic flow carbon emission tracking data; S3: Collect the throttle opening electrical signal, fuel injection pulse width electrical signal, intake pressure parameters and exhaust temperature parameters of the construction machinery, perform carbon equivalent generation characteristic conversion of the construction machinery, and obtain the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics of the machinery. S4: Based on the dynamic carbon emission tracking data of material flow and the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics of machinery, the total carbon emission of the entire section is statistically analyzed. Combined with the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data, the carbon emission exceeding the limit deviation status is determined, and the construction abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and source tracing start command is constructed. S5: When receiving the command to start the dimensionality reduction and source tracing of abnormal carbon emissions during construction, execute the abnormal carbon emission tracing trigger process, determine the status of the over-emission responsibility boundary, and obtain the calculation and source tracing analysis results of carbon emissions during the highway construction period.

[0062] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of protection of the described technical solutions.

Claims

1. A system for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during highway construction, characterized in that: include: The baseline parameter configuration module obtains the initial implicit carbon emissions of building materials at the factory exit stage during the highway construction period, binds the industrial digital identity serial number, and simultaneously obtains the preset baseline parameter set of construction machinery. The initial implicit carbon emissions and the preset baseline parameter set are aggregated and encapsulated to generate the underlying baseline parameter configuration data. The material flow carbon emission tracking module collects the current physical location coordinate data and the previous physical location coordinate data of building materials, combines the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data to determine the carbon emission increment of building material logistics in a single trip, and performs a total carbon emission update to obtain material dynamic flow carbon emission tracking data. The mechanical operating condition carbon emission assessment module collects the throttle opening electrical signal, fuel injection pulse width electrical signal, intake pressure parameters and exhaust temperature parameters of the construction machinery, performs carbon equivalent generation characteristic conversion of the construction machinery, and obtains the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics of the machinery. The carbon emission total limit exceedance early warning module calculates the total carbon emission of the entire section period based on the dynamic material flow carbon emission tracking data and the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics of the machinery, determines the carbon emission limit exceedance deviation status in combination with the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data, and constructs a construction abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and source tracing start command. When the abnormal carbon emission reduction and tracing module receives the start command for abnormal carbon emission reduction and tracing during construction, it executes the abnormal carbon emission tracing trigger process, determines the status of the over-emission responsibility boundary, and obtains the calculation and tracing analysis results of carbon emissions during the highway construction period.

2. The system for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during highway construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The preset benchmark parameter set includes the carbon emission early warning benchmark for material production during highway construction, the carbon emission early warning benchmark for material transportation during highway construction, the upper limit of the economic fuel consumption speed range for construction machinery during highway construction, the minimum gear identification feature of construction machinery during highway construction, the carbon emission exceeding the standard early warning threshold during highway construction, the normal state benchmark of the absolute pressure of the intake manifold of construction machinery during highway construction, and the carbon emission mapping factor for material transportation per unit distance during highway construction.

3. The system for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during highway construction as described in claim 2, characterized in that: When the total carbon emissions of the entire period of the specified segment exceed the carbon emission exceedance warning threshold, it is determined to be in a state of carbon emission exceeding the limit; otherwise, it is in a normal state.

4. The system for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during highway construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The baseline parameter configuration module includes: The material carbon emission traceability submodule collects the digital identity serial number of building materials during the highway construction phase, obtains the initial implicit carbon emission of building materials at the factory exit, associates and records the digital identity serial number with the initial implicit carbon emission, and simultaneously extracts the carbon emission early warning benchmark of material production during the highway construction process to obtain implicit carbon emission benchmark parameters. The engineering benchmark extraction submodule extracts the carbon emission early warning benchmark for material transportation during the construction phase, the upper limit of the economic fuel consumption speed range of construction machinery, the identification features of the lowest gear of construction machinery, and the carbon emission exceeding the early warning threshold during the construction period of highways, based on the implicit carbon emission benchmark parameters, to obtain the machine status early warning parameters. The underlying configuration integration submodule extracts the normal state benchmark of the absolute pressure of the intake manifold of the engineering machinery and the carbon emission mapping factor of the material unit distance transportation based on the implicit carbon emission benchmark parameters and the mechanical state warning parameters. It then aggregates and encapsulates the various parameters to obtain the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data.

5. The system for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during highway construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The material flow carbon emission tracking module includes: The flow coordinate alignment submodule collects the current position coordinate values ​​of the gate crossing node of building materials during the highway construction stage, extracts the previous position coordinate data of building materials stored in the historical flow records, aligns the two sets of values ​​in the spatial reference system and calculates the spatial displacement distance difference to obtain the spherical displacement distance characteristics of the building materials. The logistics single-trip carbon emission submodule extracts the carbon emission mapping factor for material unit distance transportation within the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data based on the spherical displacement distance characteristics of the building materials, and performs a numerical multiplication operation between the two to obtain the incremental carbon emission of building materials logistics single trip. The cumulative carbon emission update submodule obtains the total cumulative carbon emission tracking amount of the building material logistics based on the single carbon emission increment, merges and sums the two, extracts the total cumulative carbon emission related to the output material, updates the historical cumulative carbon emission total retention variable record information, and obtains the material dynamic flow carbon emission tracking data.

6. The system for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during highway construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical operating condition carbon emission assessment module includes: The fuel demand characteristics submodule collects the corresponding instantaneous throttle opening electrical signal and fuel injection pulse width electrical signal generated by the underlying control network bus of highway construction machinery. It performs working condition characteristic signal filtering and screening on the two signals, extracts the filtered instantaneous throttle opening electrical signal and the filtered fuel injection pulse width electrical signal, evaluates and analyzes the amplitude change of the two filtered signals, and extracts the working condition load fuel demand characteristics. The air-fuel ratio submodule collects the corresponding mechanical intake manifold absolute pressure parameters and mechanical exhaust temperature parameters, calculates the engine chamber intake mass distribution parameters, and performs proportional conversion based on the fuel demand characteristics of the operating load to generate an instantaneous air-fuel ratio record of the engine. The carbon equivalent generation submodule, based on the instantaneous air-fuel ratio state record of the engine, compares the combustion state deviation difference with the ideal combustion parameters, extracts the mechanical incomplete combustion ratio feature, calculates the corresponding carbon emission equivalent ratio by combining the fuel demand feature and the incomplete combustion feature, and obtains the mechanical real-time carbon equivalent generation rate feature.

7. The system for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during highway construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon emission limit exceeding early warning module includes: The material carbon emission summary submodule extracts the dynamic flow carbon emission tracking data of the material, reads the updated cumulative total carbon emission value of all corresponding items in the column, performs item-by-item summation to calculate the total, and performs summary statistics and archiving to generate the total carbon emission of materials during the construction period. The section carbon emission fusion submodule extracts the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate features of all the machinery generated within the construction period based on the total carbon emission of the materials during the construction period. It performs corresponding time-domain sequence integration and summation on all extracted feature parameters, outputs the total fuel carbon emission of the machinery during the construction period, and adds it to the total carbon emission of the materials during the construction period to obtain the total carbon emission of the entire section period. The over-limit early warning instruction submodule reads the carbon emission over-limit early warning threshold from the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data. When the total carbon emission of the entire section exceeds the carbon emission over-limit early warning threshold, it is determined to be an over-limit deviation state. The module then executes the over-limit trigger alarm action and generates a construction abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and source tracing start instruction.

8. The system for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during highway construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and source tracing module includes: The material responsibility determination submodule receives the construction anomaly carbon emission reduction and tracing start command. When the initial implicit carbon emission of the building material is greater than the material production carbon emission warning benchmark, it determines the material manufacturing end to be responsible for excessive emissions and generates a material manufacturing end production process responsibility record. It sums up the single carbon emission increments of all building material logistics to obtain the total carbon emission of material transportation. When the total carbon emission of material transportation is greater than the material transportation carbon emission warning benchmark, it determines the material transportation end to be responsible for excessive emissions and generates a building material physical transportation route redundancy responsibility record. It then obtains a comprehensive material logistics dual-end responsibility record. The mechanical operation diagnosis submodule stores the material logistics dual-end responsibility records, removes isolated noise interference parameters of the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate feature of the machinery, extracts extreme values ​​and extracts the machine speed and gear position, and identifies when the machine engine speed is greater than the upper limit of the economic fuel consumption speed range of the construction machinery and the machine gear position is equal to the lowest gear of the construction machinery, thus determining it as a human violation operation responsibility and generating an abnormal operation violation record of the construction machinery; when the absolute pressure parameter of the machine intake manifold is less than the normal state benchmark of the absolute pressure of the construction machinery intake manifold, it is determined as a deterioration responsibility and generates a hardware fault repair trigger work order for the construction machinery, thus obtaining a hardware abnormality record of the construction equipment; The integrated dimension reduction and source tracing submodule acquires the hardware anomaly records of the engineering equipment and the dual-end responsibility records of the material logistics, performs data text reconstruction and splicing, performs correlation and centralized processing, and obtains the carbon emission calculation and source tracing analysis results during the highway construction period.

9. A method for calculating and tracing carbon emissions during the construction period of highways, characterized in that... The system according to any one of claims 1-8 is executed, comprising the following steps: S1: Obtain the initial implicit carbon emissions of building materials at the factory exit stage during the highway construction period, bind the industrial digital identity serial number, and simultaneously obtain the preset benchmark parameter set of construction machinery. Then, aggregate and encapsulate the initial implicit carbon emissions and the preset benchmark parameter set to generate underlying benchmark parameter configuration data. S2: Collect the current physical location coordinate data and previous physical location coordinate data of building materials, combine them with the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data to determine the carbon emission increment of building material logistics in a single transaction, and perform a total carbon emission update to obtain material dynamic flow carbon emission tracking data; S3: Collect the throttle opening electrical signal, fuel injection pulse width electrical signal, intake pressure parameters and exhaust temperature parameters of the construction machinery, perform carbon equivalent generation characteristic conversion of the construction machinery, and obtain the real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics of the machinery. S4: Based on the material dynamic flow carbon emission tracking data and the mechanical real-time carbon equivalent generation rate characteristics, calculate the total carbon emission of the entire section cycle, combine the underlying benchmark parameter configuration data to determine the carbon emission limit deviation status, and construct the construction abnormal carbon emission dimensionality reduction and source tracing start command. S5: When the abnormal carbon emission reduction and source tracing start command is received, the abnormal carbon emission tracing trigger process is executed to determine the over-emission responsibility boundary status and obtain the carbon emission calculation and source tracing analysis results during the highway construction period.

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