A new energy battery explosion-proof system and a battery armor fireproof function monitoring system

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of battery pack fire prevention, and discloses a new energy battery explosion and combustion prevention system and a battery armor fire prevention function monitoring system. The new energy battery explosion and combustion prevention system comprises an isolation piece, a fire prevention piece and a fire blocking piece. The isolation piece comprises a shell, a partition plate and a filter plate. The partition plate separates the internal region of the shell to form an installation area. The filter plate separates the installation area to form a fire prevention area and a fire blocking area. A battery assembly is arranged in the fire prevention area. The fire prevention piece is arranged in the fire prevention area and covers the battery assembly. The fire blocking piece is arranged on the shell and is in communication with the fire blocking area. The monitoring system collects the pressure on the inner and outer sides of the fire blocking piece and the opening height of a pressure relief valve through a pressure sensor and a displacement sensor, and judges the pressure relief state of the fire blocking piece by a diagnosis module. The application can improve the fire extinguishing, fire blocking, pressure relief and fault monitoring capabilities when the battery is in thermal runaway.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of battery pack fire prevention, and in particular to a new energy battery explosion-proof system and a battery armor fire-proof function monitoring system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, power battery packs for new energy vehicles are generally equipped with fireproof, heat-insulating, and fire-resistant pressure relief structures to address safety hazards such as thermal runaway and fire in the battery cells and internal pressure buildup. However, existing technologies still have many shortcomings in practical applications, and their protective effects are difficult to meet usage requirements.

[0003] Existing fire protection structures suffer from poor matching of fire extinguishing triggering mechanisms, leading to false triggering or delayed response during fire. Furthermore, their unreasonable protective layout design makes it difficult to achieve comprehensive and precise protection of battery components, easily creating blind spots. Impurities generated after fire extinguishing can also clog pressure relief channels, further affecting subsequent protective actions. Simultaneously, traditional fire-resistant and pressure-relief structures are simplistic in form, with low flame isolation and pressure relief efficiency. Their core components are susceptible to blockage and jamming due to dust and smoke during long-term operation. Current technologies lack corresponding real-time monitoring methods, failing to detect and warn of faults in a timely manner, which can easily lead to untimely pressure relief and subsequent explosions when battery packs catch fire. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing fireproof structure of new energy battery packs does not provide sufficient coverage and protection for battery components, the matching between fire extinguishing triggering and thermal runaway state is poor, and the impurities generated after fire extinguishing are likely to affect the pressure relief channel. At the same time, the fire-resistant and pressure-relief structure of the traditional fire-resistant structure has insufficient fire-resistant, pressure-relief and fault monitoring capabilities, and it is difficult to suppress the spread of open flame and detect fire-resistant and pressure-relief abnormalities in a timely manner.

[0005] The above-mentioned technical problems are solved by the following technical solution: This invention proposes a new energy battery explosion-proof system, which includes an isolation component, the isolation component including a shell, a partition, and a filter plate. The partition separates the internal area of ​​the shell to form at least one installation area. The filter plate connects the two partitions on both sides and separates the installation area to form a fireproof zone and a fire-resistant zone. The battery assembly is arranged in the fireproof zone. A fireproof component is arranged in the fireproof zone and covers the battery assembly. A fire-resistant component is disposed on the shell and communicates with the fire-resistant zone.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the new energy battery explosion-proof system of the present invention: the housing includes a main shell and a cover plate that is sealed and fixed at its top and bottom. The main shell has several sets of mounting grooves equidistantly opened on the inner walls of opposite sides. Fixing plates are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner walls of the main shell between the mounting grooves. The inner walls of the cover plate have several sets of auxiliary baffles equidistantly fixed, and the two ends of the auxiliary baffles correspond to the mounting grooves respectively.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the new energy battery explosion-proof system of the present invention: a docking plate is symmetrically fixed at the top and bottom of the partition, and a sealing plate is also fixed at the edge of the partition. The docking plate and the sealing plate are fixedly connected end to end, and the two sides of the partition plate form symmetrical built-in grooves; wherein, the sealing plate is inserted into the mounting groove, and a stabilizing slot is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the docking plate along its length direction, and the auxiliary baffle is inserted into the stabilizing slot.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the new energy battery explosion-proof system of the present invention: the fireproof component is fixed in the built-in groove, and at least one receiving cavity is opened in the fireproof component, and the receiving cavity contains a fire extinguishing medium; the radial cross section of the fireproof component presents a regular geometric shape that is symmetrically distributed about the central axis.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the new energy battery explosion-proof system of the present invention: only one set of the fireproof component is provided, which is placed in the built-in groove.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the new energy battery explosion-proof system of the present invention: several groups of fireproof components are arranged in an array along the extension direction of the sealing plate, and their two ends are fixed to the sealing plate. The several groups of fireproof components are parallel to each other and are placed in the built-in groove. The same fireproof component covers individual batteries at different positions in the battery assembly.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the new energy battery explosion-proof system of the present invention: several groups of fireproof components are arranged in an array along the extension direction of the docking plate, and their two ends are fixed to the docking plate. The several groups of fireproof components are parallel to each other and are placed in the built-in groove. The same fireproof component covers several batteries in the corresponding area of ​​the battery assembly.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the new energy battery explosion-proof system of the present invention: the fireproof component is made of a low-temperature hot-melt material, which is selected from at least one of low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, EVA, and modified polyethylene; or, the fireproof component is made of a high-temperature brittle material, which is selected from at least one of heat-brittle PVC, polystyrene, and phenolic resin.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the new energy battery explosion-proof system of the present invention: the filter plate is symmetrically fixed with docking seats at both ends, and the docking seats are provided with docking grooves; the filter plate between the docking seats is also provided with filter holes; an embedded groove is formed between the docking seats and the end of the filter plate, and the fixing plate is fixed in the embedded groove.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the new energy battery explosion-proof system of the present invention: the top and bottom of the battery module are symmetrically fixed with mounting boxes, and the two ends of the mounting boxes corresponding to the docking seats are fixed with mounting seats, and the mounting seats are fixedly inserted into the docking slots; the fireproof components are fixedly installed in the mounting boxes, and their arrangement and quantity are the same as those of the fireproof components on the partition; wherein, an exchange gap is formed between the end of the battery module and the inner wall of the main body shell.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the new energy battery explosion-proof system of the present invention: several sets of flame arresters are fixed on the bottom cover plate; or, several sets of flame arresters are fixed on the side wall of the main shell with an installation groove; all flame arresters are in communication with the flame arresting area; the flame arrester includes a flame arresting cover, a flame arresting plate and a pressure relief valve, the flame arresting cover includes a first cover and a second cover stacked together, the first cover is disposed outside the second cover, and the flame arresting plate is fixed inside the second cover; wherein, the flame arrester is fixed on the mounting wall of the shell, the mounting wall is the bottom cover plate or the side wall of the main shell with an installation groove; the flame arresting cover and the flame arresting plate are located inside the mounting wall, and the pressure relief valve is located outside the mounting wall.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the new energy battery explosion-proof system of the present invention: the pressure relief valve includes a valve seat, a valve disc and a valve core. The valve seat is located outside the housing, the valve core is fixedly located in the middle of the valve seat, the valve disc is movably located at the bottom of the valve seat, and the valve disc and the valve core are elastically connected; wherein, the valve core is slidably inserted into the middle of the flame arrestor disc.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the new energy battery explosion-proof system of the present invention: the side walls of the first cover and the second cover are both provided with fire-arresting holes at different positions, and the fire-arresting plate is also provided with a fire-arresting seam, which connects the top and bottom end faces of the fire-arresting plate.

[0018] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention also proposes the following technical solution: a battery armor fireproof function monitoring system, comprising the aforementioned new energy battery explosion-proof system, and further comprising a first monitoring unit, including a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor respectively disposed on the inner and outer sides of the housing, the first pressure sensor being disposed within the fire-resistant zone; wherein, the first pressure sensor is disposed on the side of the fire-resistant cover within the housing, and the second pressure sensor is disposed on the side of the valve seat outside the housing, the first and second pressure sensors being used to collect pressure data of the inner and outer sides of the fire-resistant component in real time; a second monitoring unit, comprising a displacement sensor disposed on the inner wall of the valve core end of the fire-resistant component, with its detection end facing the valve disc, for real-time monitoring of the opening height of the pressure relief valve; a diagnostic module, signal-connected to the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the displacement sensor, for calculating the pressure difference based on the pressure data, and judging the working state of the fire-resistant pressure relief valve based on the pressure difference and the monitoring data of the opening height, combined with preset diagnostic logic, and triggering an alarm when the alarm conditions are met.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the battery armor fire protection function monitoring system of the present invention: the diagnostic module is preset with normal operating state parameters of the pressure relief valve: when the pressure difference reaches the first difference value, the pressure relief valve starts to open, and the opening height starts to rise from the first height; when the pressure difference reaches the second difference value, the pressure relief valve opens to the maximum height.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the battery armor fire protection function monitoring system of the present invention: the preset diagnostic logic of the diagnostic module is as follows: an alarm is triggered when any of the following conditions are met: Condition 1: when the pressure difference reaches the third difference value, the opening height is still the first height, and it is determined that the flame arrestor and pressure relief valve is not normally opened; Condition 2: when the pressure difference reaches the fourth difference value, the opening height is less than the second height, and it is determined that the flame arrestor and pressure relief valve is not opened to the normal height; wherein, the third difference value is greater than the first difference value, the fourth difference value is greater than the second difference value, and the second height is greater than the first height and less than or equal to the maximum height.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the battery armor fire protection function monitoring system of the present invention: the diagnostic module is equipped with an alarm delay triggering mechanism, which triggers an alarm when the state that meets the alarm conditions is detected several times in a short period of time.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention forms independent protection areas through various types of partitions and filter plates. Fireproof components can be finely arranged according to the layout of the battery components, accurately covering all blind spots. The triggering mechanism is adapted to the thermal runaway characteristics of the battery, enabling rapid fire suppression. The filter plates can also effectively block fire suppression impurities and prevent blockage of the pressure relief channels.

[0023] The flame arrestor and pressure relief structure adopts a multi-level barrier design, which has high flame quenching and pressure relief efficiency, flexible installation position, and adaptability to different battery pack layout requirements.

[0024] The supporting monitoring system collects operational data through multiple sensors, and the diagnostic module analyzes and judges the equipment status in real time, which can promptly detect faults and issue early warnings to avoid safety accidents caused by component failure. All protective structures work together to form a complete safety protection system, which can effectively block the spread of flames, achieve rapid pressure relief, and comprehensively reduce the safety risks caused by battery thermal runaway, meeting the high safety requirements of power battery packs. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Wherein: Figure 1 The diagram shows the structure of a new energy battery explosion-proof system.

[0026] Figure 2 A structural diagram of the insulating component is shown.

[0027] Figure 3 A structural diagram of the partition is shown.

[0028] Figure 4 A structural diagram of a fireproof component is shown.

[0029] Figure 5 Another structural diagram of the fireproof component is shown.

[0030] Figure 6 It shows Figure 5 Schematic diagram of fireproof component installation.

[0031] Figure 7 It shows Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the installation of a certain type of fireproof component.

[0032] Figure 8 It shows Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the area covered by fireproof components.

[0033] Figure 9 It shows Figure 4 Another installation diagram for fireproof components.

[0034] Figure 10It shows Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the area covered by fireproof components.

[0035] Figure 11 A diagram of the filter plate structure is shown.

[0036] Figure 12 A structural diagram of the battery assembly is shown.

[0037] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of the battery assembly installation is shown.

[0038] Figure 14 A structural diagram of the flame arrestor is shown.

[0039] Figure 15 The structure of the battery armor fire protection function monitoring system is shown.

[0040] Figure 16 A schematic diagram showing the connection between the first monitoring unit, the second monitoring unit, and the diagnostic module is provided.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 100, insulating component; 101, housing; 101a, main housing; 101a-1, mounting groove; 101a-2, fixing plate; 101b, cover plate; 101b-1, auxiliary baffle; 102, partition plate; 102a, mating plate; 102a-1, stabilizing slot; 102b, sealing plate; 103, filter plate; 103a, mating seat; 103a-1, mating groove; 103b, filter hole; 103c, embedded groove; 200, fireproof component; 201, receiving cavity; 300, fire-arresting component; 301, fire-arresting cover; 301a, first cover. ; 301a-1, Flame arrestor hole; 301b, Second cover; 302, Flame arrestor plate; 303, Pressure relief valve; 303a, Valve seat; 303b, Valve disc; 303c, Valve core; 400, First monitoring unit; 401, First pressure sensor; 402, Second pressure sensor; 500, Second monitoring unit; 501, Displacement sensor; 600, Diagnostic module; A, Battery assembly; A1, Mounting box; A2, Mounting base; C, Internal groove; F, Flame arrestor seam; Q, Installation area; Q1, Fireproof zone; Q2, Flame arrestor zone; X, Exchange gap; Z, Extinguishing medium. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0043] The terminology used in this invention is that which is currently widely used in the art in consideration of the function of the invention; however, these terms may vary according to the intent of those skilled in the art, precedent, or new technology in the art. Furthermore, specific terms may be chosen by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the invention. Therefore, the terms used in this specification should not be construed as simple names, but rather based on their meanings and the overall description of the invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] Reference Figures 1-6 The first embodiment of the present invention provides a new energy battery explosion-proof system, which includes an insulating component 100, a fireproof component 200, and a fire-arresting component 300. The three components work together to achieve integrated protection of battery component A with fire prevention, heat insulation and fire arrest, effectively blocking the spread of flame and high temperature conduction after battery thermal runaway, and improving the safety protection level of the battery pack.

[0046] The insulating component 100 includes a housing 101, a partition 102, and a filter plate 103. The partition 102 vertically and parallelly divides the internal area of ​​the housing 101, forming at least one independent installation area Q. The filter plate 103 horizontally connects the two partitions 102 and divides the installation area Q into a fireproof zone Q1 and a fire-resistant zone Q2. The battery assembly A is closely arranged in the fireproof zone Q1, which provides a stable installation space for the battery assembly A. The fire-resistant zone Q2 serves as a buffer and extinguishing zone for the flame and high-pressure gas, preventing the flame from spreading directly outward.

[0047] Fireproof component 200 is installed in fireproof zone Q1 and covers the battery module A circumferentially, achieving all-round fire protection for battery module A. When battery module A experiences thermal runaway and fire, it can quickly trigger the release of fire extinguishing medium Z to extinguish the fire from the source.

[0048] The flame arrester 300 is installed on the housing 101 and connected to the flame arrester zone Q2. It is used to extinguish the high-pressure smoke and flame in the flame arrester zone Q2, and at the same time to relieve pressure and prevent the battery armor from being overpressurized and exploding.

[0049] Specifically, the housing 101 includes a main housing 101a and a cover plate 101b that is sealed and fixed to its top and bottom. The main housing 101a and the cover plate 101b are connected by a sealed connection to ensure the overall airtightness of the armor. The main housing 101a has several sets of mounting grooves 101a-1 equidistantly opened on the inner walls of the two sides to provide precise installation positioning for the partition 102. Fixing plates 101a-2 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner walls of the main housing 101a between the mounting grooves 101a-1. The fixing plates 101a-2 are used to fix and limit the filter plate 103, thereby improving the stability of the filter plate 103 installation.

[0050] Furthermore, several sets of auxiliary baffles 101b-1 are fixed at equal intervals on the inner wall of the cover plate 101b. The two ends of the auxiliary baffles 101b-1 are precisely corresponding to the mounting grooves 101a-1, which are used to cooperate with the installation and fixation of the partition 102, further improving the structural stability of the partition 102 inside the housing 101 and preventing the partition 102 from shifting due to vibration affecting the battery armor.

[0051] A connecting plate 102a is symmetrically fixed at the top and bottom of the partition 102, and a sealing plate 102b is also fixed at the edge of the partition 102. The connecting plate 102a and the sealing plate 102b are fixedly connected end to end to form an enclosed structure. The two sides of the partition 102 have symmetrically formed built-in grooves C. The built-in grooves C provide dedicated installation space for the fireproof component 200, ensuring the fit between the fireproof component 200 and the battery assembly A and improving the fire extinguishing response efficiency.

[0052] Among them, the sealing plate 102b is adapted to be inserted into the mounting groove 101a-1 to achieve precise snap-fit ​​positioning of the separator 102 and the main shell 101a. The middle of the outer wall of the mating plate 102a is provided with a stabilizing slot 102a-1 along its length direction. The auxiliary baffle 101b-1 is tightly inserted into the stabilizing slot 102a-1. Through multiple insertion and engagement, the separator 102 is firmly fixed inside the shell 101, avoiding the vibration generated during the battery pack driving and causing the separator 102 to loosen or shift, thus ensuring the stability of the protective structure.

[0053] The fireproof component 200 is tightly fixed in the built-in groove C. The fireproof component 200 has at least one receiving cavity 201, and the receiving cavity 201 is sealed and stored with fire extinguishing medium Z.

[0054] The housing 201 of the fireproof component 200 can adopt a fire extinguishing pipe structure. The fire extinguishing pipe can be made of materials that melt when heated, become brittle when heated, or have reduced strength under high-temperature conditions of thermal runaway, so that the fireproof component 200 can automatically rupture and release the fire extinguishing medium Z when the battery module A experiences thermal runaway. The wall thickness, triggering temperature, and volume of the housing 201 of the fire extinguishing pipe can be adapted to the heating characteristics, arrangement density, and required amount of fire extinguishing medium of the battery module A.

[0055] The fire extinguishing medium Z is preferably a fire extinguishing gel, but non-conductive fire extinguishing media suitable for battery thermal runaway scenarios can also be selected, such as non-conductive fire extinguishing gel, water-based flame-retardant gel, aerosol fire extinguishing agent or other fire extinguishing media that can absorb heat and cool down, isolate oxygen and inhibit reignition, so as to avoid causing conductive short circuits or corrosion to battery component A.

[0056] Furthermore, the radial cross-section of the fireproof component 200 presents a regular geometric shape that is symmetrically distributed about the central axis, such as a circle, rectangle, or regular hexagon, which fits the structural shape of the built-in groove C, ensuring the fit and stability of the fireproof component 200 during installation. At the same time, the regular geometric shape facilitates the mass production and assembly of the fireproof component 200.

[0057] Fireproof component 200 is provided in at least one set, or in multiple sets. When only one set is provided, it is a flat hollow pipe that is placed in the built-in groove C to provide overall protection for the battery component A in the corresponding area. When the battery experiences thermal runaway, the fireproof component 200 is triggered to release the fire extinguishing medium, achieving rapid fire extinguishing over a large area.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] Reference Figures 1-5 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 This is the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that: several groups of fireproof components 200 are arranged in an array along the extension direction of the sealing plate 102b. The spacing between each group of fireproof components 200 is uniform, and both ends of the fireproof components 200 are firmly fixed to the sealing plate 102b. The several groups of fireproof components 200 are parallel to each other and are all tightly fitted and placed in the built-in groove C.

[0060] This layout method enables precise zoning protection for battery module A. The same fireproof component 200 precisely covers individual batteries in different locations within battery module A, so that each battery corresponds to an independent fire protection unit.

[0061] In this embodiment, the fireproof component 200 can be made of EVA, low-density polyethylene or other low-temperature hot-melt materials. Its wall thickness and triggering temperature can be adapted and set according to the heating characteristics of a single battery, the installation spacing and the requirements for protection against accidental triggering. The fire extinguishing medium Z can be a non-conductive fire extinguishing medium of the same type as in Embodiment 1, so as to ensure that each fireproof component 200 can release the fire extinguishing medium Z when the corresponding battery experiences thermal runaway.

[0062] When a thermal runaway fire occurs in the longitudinal area of ​​a battery in battery assembly A, only the fireproof component 200 at the corresponding height is triggered and ruptures, releasing the extinguishing medium Z to precisely extinguish the fire in the corresponding height area, avoiding the ineffective consumption of the extinguishing medium, and preventing the flames from spreading from the fire battery upwards and downwards, achieving the protective effect of "single-point fire extinguishing and area isolation", improving the accuracy of fire extinguishing and the efficiency of protection. The fireproof components 200 in other unburned locations remain intact and continue to play a protective role.

[0063] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 1, and can achieve the same installation, fixing and basic protection effects.

[0064] Example 3

[0065] Reference Figures 1-5 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 This is the third embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that: several groups of fireproof components 200 are arranged in an array along the extension direction of the docking plate 102a. The spacing between each group of fireproof components 200 is adapted to the area division of the battery assembly A. Both ends of the fireproof components 200 are firmly fixed to the docking plate 102a. The several groups of fireproof components 200 are parallel to each other and are placed in close fit within the built-in groove C.

[0066] This layout method is adapted to the modular partitioning characteristics of battery module A, achieving modular protection for battery module A.

[0067] Among them, the same fireproof component 200 is precisely matched to cover several batteries in the corresponding area of ​​the battery module A, that is, one fireproof component 200 corresponds to the protection needs of a certain area of ​​the battery module.

[0068] In this embodiment, the fireproof component 200 can be made of modified polyethylene or other materials that combine toughness and thermal triggering properties, so that it can adapt to the long-term vibration environment of the battery pack and trigger rupture when the corresponding battery module experiences thermal runaway; the volume of the accommodating cavity 201 can be adjusted according to the size, arrangement density and fire extinguishing requirements of the corresponding battery module to ensure that each module area has a sufficient amount of fire extinguishing medium.

[0069] When a battery module in battery assembly A experiences thermal runaway and catches fire, the fireproof component 200 corresponding to that module is quickly triggered and ruptures, releasing the fire extinguishing medium Z to cover and extinguish the fire in the corresponding area of ​​the burning battery module. This can form a fire extinguishing medium barrier in a short time, quickly suppressing the flames within the module and preventing the flames from spreading to adjacent batteries. At the same time, the physical isolation effect of the partition 102 is used to block the conduction of the flames to other battery modules, achieving the protective effect of "module fire extinguishing and overall isolation".

[0070] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 1, and can achieve the same installation, fixing and basic protection effects.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] Reference Figures 1 to 15 This is the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the third embodiment is that the material of the fireproof component 200 is precisely defined so that the fireproof component 200 has the characteristic of automatically breaking when heated. It can be quickly triggered in the high temperature environment of battery thermal runaway, without the need for additional electronic control and sensing elements, to achieve passive automatic fire extinguishing and improve the reliability and response speed of protection.

[0073] Specifically, the fireproof component 200 is made of a low-temperature hot-melt material, which is selected from at least one of low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, EVA, and modified polyethylene. This type of material can soften, melt, or decrease in strength when the battery component A experiences thermal runaway and forms a high-temperature environment, allowing the fire extinguishing medium Z in the accommodating cavity 201 to be released to the corresponding fire area.

[0074] Alternatively, the fireproof component 200 may be made of a high-temperature brittle material, selected from at least one of thermally brittle PVC, polystyrene, and phenolic resin. This type of material maintains its basic structural strength under normal temperature conditions to withstand the vibration environment of the battery pack; however, it may become embrittled or fracture under high-temperature conditions of thermal runaway, allowing for the rapid release of the extinguishing agent Z.

[0075] The triggering temperature range, wall thickness, and volume of the accommodating cavity 201 of the fireproof component 200 can be set according to the normal operating temperature range, thermal runaway temperature rise characteristics, and fire extinguishing medium quantity requirements of the battery module A, so as to reduce the possibility of false triggering under normal operating conditions and ensure the release response under thermal runaway conditions.

[0076] The remaining structures are the same as those in Example 3, and can achieve the same deployment protection and installation fixation effects.

[0077] Example 5

[0078] Reference Figures 1 to 14 This is the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The difference between this embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that: the filter plate 103 is symmetrically fixed with docking seats 103a at both ends, and the docking seats 103a are provided with docking grooves 103a-1 adapted to the battery assembly A, so as to realize the precise docking and positioning of the filter plate 103 and the battery assembly A.

[0079] The filter plate 103 between the docking seats 103a is also evenly provided with filter holes 103b. The filter holes 103b are the flow channels for flue gas and high-pressure gas. At the same time, they can effectively block solid impurities generated after the fireproof component 200 is broken, and prevent impurities from entering the fire-resistant zone Q2 and causing blockage.

[0080] In this embodiment, the fireproof component 200 can be made of the same or similar material as the fireproof component 200 on the partition 102, and filled with a non-conductive fire extinguishing medium suitable for battery thermal runaway scenarios, so as to achieve supplementary fire protection on the upper and lower sides of the battery assembly A.

[0081] An embedded groove 103c is formed between the docking seat 103a and the end of the filter plate 103. The fixing plate 101a-2 is tightly fitted and fixed in the embedded groove 103c. The embedded fixing method improves the connection stability between the filter plate 103 and the housing 101 and prevents the filter plate 103 from falling off due to the impact of high pressure gas.

[0082] The top and bottom of the battery assembly A are symmetrically fixed with mounting boxes A1. The mounting boxes A1 provide supplementary installation space for the fireproof component 200, realizing fire protection on the upper and lower sides of the battery assembly A. The mounting boxes A1 and the docking seat 103a are fixed with mounting seats A2 at their respective ends. The mounting seats A2 are firmly inserted into the docking groove 103a-1, realizing precise snap-fit ​​between the battery assembly A and the filter plate 103, improving the installation stability of the battery assembly A in the fireproof zone Q1, and ensuring the sealing of the fireproof zone Q1.

[0083] Fireproof components 200 are also fixedly installed inside the installation box A1. Their arrangement and quantity are the same as those of the fireproof components 200 on the partition 102, achieving all-round, no-dead-angle fireproof coverage of the battery module A around its circumference and on both the top and bottom sides. No matter where thermal runaway fire occurs in the battery module A, the corresponding fireproof component 200 can be quickly triggered, improving the comprehensiveness and response speed of fire extinguishing.

[0084] An exchange gap X is formed between the end of the battery component A and the inner wall of the main body shell 101a. The exchange gap X is used to form a gas flow space between the end of the battery component A and the inner wall of the main body shell 101a, so that the smoke, high temperature gas or depressurized gas generated in the fireproof zone Q1 can flow through the gap to the fire-arresting zone Q2 and the fire-arresting component 300, thereby avoiding the end of the battery component A from directly contacting the main body shell 101a and forming a local pressure-locked area.

[0085] Several sets of flame arresters 300 are fixed on the bottom cover plate 101b, or several sets of flame arresters 300 are fixed on the side wall of the main shell 101a with the installation groove 101a-1. The installation position can be flexibly selected according to the overall structure and installation requirements of the battery pack to adapt to different battery pack design schemes. All flame arresters 300 are connected to the flame arresting zone Q2 to ensure that the smoke and high-pressure gas in the fire protection zone Q1 can smoothly enter the flame arrester 300 for treatment.

[0086] The flame arrestor 300 includes a flame arrestor cover 301, a flame arrestor plate 302, and a pressure relief valve 303. The three work together to achieve the dual functions of flame extinguishing and pressure relief. The flame arrestor cover 301 includes a first cover 301a and a second cover 301b stacked together. The first cover 301a is located outside the second cover 301b to form a double-layer barrier structure, which improves the flame blocking effect. The flame arrestor plate 302 is firmly fixed inside the second cover 301b and is the final flame extinguishing unit.

[0087] The flame arrester 300 is fixed to the mounting wall of the housing 101. The mounting wall is either a cover plate 101b or a side wall of the main housing 101a with a mounting groove 101a-1. The flame arrester cover 301 and the flame arrester plate 302 are located inside the mounting wall and inside the battery armor to prevent damage from the external environment. The pressure relief valve 303 is fixed to the outside of the mounting wall to achieve communication and sealing between the inside and outside of the armor.

[0088] The pressure relief valve 303 includes a valve seat 303a, a valve disc 303b, and a valve core 303c. The valve seat 303a is located outside the housing 101 and serves as the external structure of the pressure relief channel. The valve core 303c is firmly fixed in the middle of the valve seat 303a. The valve disc 303b is movably located at the bottom of the valve seat 303a and is elastically connected to the valve core 303c. Under normal conditions, the valve disc 303b fits tightly against the valve seat 303a under elastic force, ensuring the sealing of the pressure relief valve 303. When the internal pressure of the armor reaches a preset value, the high-pressure gas pushes the valve disc 303b to overcome the elastic force and open, thereby achieving pressure relief.

[0089] Among them, the valve core 303c is slidably inserted into the middle of the flame arrestor plate 302 to achieve precise docking between the pressure relief valve 303 and the flame arrestor plate 302, ensuring smooth flow path of flue gas and flame.

[0090] Both the first cover 301a and the second cover 301b have staggered flame-arresting holes 301a-1 on their side walls. The staggered flame-arresting holes 301a-1 can cause the flame to be deflected multiple times when passing through, reducing the flame's propagation speed and temperature, and blocking the direct spread of the flame. The flame-arresting plate 302 also has a flame-arresting slit F, which connects the top and bottom end faces of the flame-arresting plate 302. After passing through the flame-arresting holes 301a-1, the flame enters the flame-arresting slit F. The flame-arresting slit F can quickly extinguish the flame through heat conduction and quenching, achieving complete flame isolation.

[0091] The remaining structure is the same as that in Example 4, and can achieve the same fire protection and material triggering effect.

[0092] Example 6

[0093] Reference Figures 1 to 16 This is the sixth embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment differs from the fifth embodiment in that it provides a battery armor fire protection function monitoring system. This system is used in conjunction with a new energy battery explosion-proof system. It can monitor the fire-arresting and pressure-relief function status of the armor in real time, promptly detect malfunctions in the fire-arresting component 300 and issue warnings, achieving a health diagnosis of the armor's protective function. This avoids safety risks such as untimely pressure relief and flame blocking failure caused by malfunctions in the fire-arresting component 300. The system includes the aforementioned new energy battery explosion-proof system, and further includes a first monitoring unit 400, a second monitoring unit 500, and a diagnostic module 600. The three are interconnected, forming an integrated monitoring system of "data acquisition—real-time analysis—fault alarm".

[0094] The first monitoring unit 400 includes a first pressure sensor 401 and a second pressure sensor 402 disposed on the inner and outer sides of the armor. The first pressure sensor 401 and the second pressure sensor 402 are precisely arranged on both sides of the flame arrester 300, and are used to collect real-time pressure data on the inner side (inside the battery armor) and the outer side (outside the battery armor) of the flame arrester 300, respectively. The system automatically calculates the pressure difference value in conjunction with the diagnostic module 600 based on the collected pressure data. The pressure difference value reflects the pressure change inside the armor and the flow resistance state of the flame arrester 300.

[0095] Both the first pressure sensor 401 and the second pressure sensor 402 are preferably high-precision pressure sensors specifically designed for battery packs. Other pressure sensing elements suitable for the battery pack environment can also be used. These pressure sensing elements possess vibration resistance, temperature variation resistance, and anti-interference capabilities, and can output an electrical signal related to the pressure at the corresponding detection location. The first pressure sensor 401 is used to collect pressure data inside the flame arrester 300, and the second pressure sensor 402 is used to collect pressure data outside the flame arrester 300. The diagnostic module 600 calculates the pressure difference based on the pressure data from both sides.

[0096] Furthermore, the second monitoring unit 500 includes a displacement sensor 501, which is precisely installed on the inner wall of the end of the valve core 303c of the flame arrester 300, with its detection end facing the valve disc 303b. It is used to monitor the opening height of the pressure relief valve 303 in real time and accurately, and to reflect the opening status of the pressure relief valve 303 through the opening height, so as to determine whether it can release pressure normally.

[0097] The displacement sensor 501 is preferably a miniature contact displacement sensor, but it can also be a magnetic induction displacement sensor, a Hall effect displacement detection element, a photoelectric displacement detection element, or other detection elements capable of detecting the opening displacement of the valve disc 303b. The detection end of the displacement sensor 501 faces the valve disc 303b and is used to obtain the opening height of the valve disc 303b relative to the valve seat 303a or the valve core 303c. The range, detection accuracy, and installation position of the displacement sensor 501 can be adapted to the maximum opening stroke of the pressure relief valve 303 and the installation space.

[0098] The diagnostic module 600 is connected to the first pressure sensor 401, the second pressure sensor 402, and the displacement sensor 501. It can calculate the pressure difference in real time based on the pressure data, and determine the working status of the flame arrestor and pressure relief valve based on the pressure difference and the monitoring data of the opening height, combined with the preset diagnostic logic. When the alarm conditions are met, an alarm is triggered to remind the staff to maintain and clean the flame arrestor 300 in a timely manner.

[0099] Furthermore, the diagnostic module 600 has an integrated modular structure, rather than a single component. It includes a main control chip, a signal conditioning module, a data storage module, an alarm module, a power supply module, and a communication module. These components work together to achieve complete diagnostic functions.

[0100] The power supply module is connected to the main control chip, signal conditioning module, data storage module, alarm module and various sensors to provide stable power supply for the entire diagnostic module and sensors. The input end of the signal conditioning module is connected to the first pressure sensor 401 and the second pressure sensor 402, and the output end is connected to the ADC interface of the main control chip. The displacement sensor 501 is directly connected to the main control chip through the UART interface to realize the transmission and preprocessing of sensor signals.

[0101] The data storage module, alarm module, and communication module are all connected to the main control chip through corresponding interfaces. The data storage module interacts with the main control chip for data reading and writing through the SPI interface, the alarm module receives control signals from the main control chip through the GPIO interface, and the communication module connects to the main control chip through the UART interface to communicate with external devices.

[0102] The overall working principle of the diagnostic module 600 is as follows: the power module continuously provides stable power supply, the analog pressure signals collected by the first pressure sensor 401 and the second pressure sensor 402 are filtered and amplified by the signal conditioning module and then transmitted to the main control chip to complete the analog-to-digital conversion, and the digital displacement signal collected by the displacement sensor 501 is directly transmitted to the main control chip.

[0103] The main control chip calls the preset normal operating parameters and diagnostic logic algorithm of the pressure relief valve 303 in the data storage module to analyze and compare the real-time received pressure difference and opening height data to determine whether the pressure relief valve 303 is faulty. If the monitoring data meets the alarm conditions, the main control chip will trigger the alarm module to realize the audible and visual alarm. At the same time, the monitoring data and alarm information will be uploaded to the external device through the communication module, so that the staff can know and deal with the fault in a timely manner. The data storage module will record the relevant monitoring data and alarm information simultaneously to realize fault tracing and system debugging.

[0104] Furthermore, the diagnostic module 600 has preset normal operating parameters for the pressure relief valve 303: when the pressure difference reaches the first difference value, the pressure relief valve 303 starts to open, and the opening height begins to rise from the first height; when the pressure difference reaches the second difference value, the pressure relief valve 303 opens to the maximum height, at which point rapid pressure relief can be achieved inside the armor. The first difference value, the second difference value, the first height, and the maximum height can be preset based on the elastic preload of the pressure relief valve 303, the opening stroke of the valve disc 303b, the battery pack's safe pressure relief requirements, and the flow resistance of the flame arrester 300.

[0105] The above parameters are preset in the data storage module and can be modified and debugged by connecting to external devices through the communication module to adapt to different specifications of pressure relief valve 303.

[0106] The default diagnostic logic of the diagnostic module 600 is as follows: an alarm is triggered when any of the following conditions are met: Condition 1: When the pressure difference reaches the third difference value, the opening height is still the first height. It is determined that the flame arrestor and pressure relief valve is not opening normally, indicating that the flame arrestor 300 has a blockage or jamming fault, which prevents the pressure relief channel from opening normally. This judgment logic is executed by the main control chip. By comparing the real-time collected pressure difference value and opening height data with the preset threshold, the alarm is triggered if the condition is met.

[0107] Condition 2: When the pressure difference is detected to reach the fourth difference value, the opening height is less than the second height. It is determined that the flame arrestor and pressure relief valve has not opened to the normal height, indicating that there is a partial blockage fault in the flame arrestor 300, which leads to increased flow resistance in the pressure relief channel and insufficient opening stroke. Similarly, the main control chip performs logic judgment to ensure the accuracy of fault judgment.

[0108] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the third difference is greater than the first difference, the fourth difference is greater than the second difference, and the second height is greater than the first height and less than or equal to the maximum height. The specific values ​​of the first difference, the second difference, the third difference, the fourth difference, the first height, the second height, and the maximum height can all be set according to the structural parameters of the pressure relief valve 303, the elastic preload, the pressure relief requirements, and the actual working conditions.

[0109] To avoid false alarms caused by accidental factors (such as instantaneous pressure fluctuations or sensor misdetections) and improve the reliability of the monitoring system, the diagnostic module 600 is also equipped with an alarm delay triggering mechanism. When the alarm conditions are met several times in a short period of time, the alarm is officially triggered, ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the alarm information and providing a reliable basis for the maintenance operations of the staff.

[0110] In this embodiment, the alarm is triggered formally only after the alarm conditions are detected 2 to 3 times consecutively.

[0111] The delay mechanism is implemented by the main control chip through a timing program. The delay time can be preset by the data storage module (default 1-3s) and can be adjusted according to the actual use scenario.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new energy battery explosion-proof system, characterized in that: include The insulating component (100) includes a housing (101), a partition (102), and a filter plate (103). The partition (102) separates the internal area of ​​the housing (101) to form at least one mounting area (Q). The filter plate (103) connects the two partitions (102) and separates the mounting area (Q) to form a fireproof area (Q1) and a fire-resistant area (Q2). The battery assembly (A) is arranged in the fireproof area (Q1). Fireproof component (200), the fireproof component (200) is installed in the fireproof zone (Q1) and covers the battery assembly (A); A flame arrester (300) is disposed on the housing (101) and communicates with the flame arrester zone (Q2).

2. The new energy battery explosion-proof system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (101) includes a main shell (101a) and a cover plate (101b) that is sealed and fixed at its top and bottom. The main shell (101a) has several sets of mounting grooves (101a-1) equidistantly opened on the inner walls of opposite sides. Fixing plates (101a-2) are symmetrically fixedly connected on the inner walls of the main shell (101a) between the mounting grooves (101a-1). The inner wall of the cover plate (101b) is fixed with several sets of auxiliary baffles (101b-1) at equal intervals, and the two ends of the auxiliary baffles (101b-1) correspond to the mounting grooves (101a-1) respectively.

3. The new energy battery explosion-proof system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The partition (102) has a butt plate (102a) symmetrically fixed at the top and bottom, and a sealing plate (102b) is also fixed at the edge of the partition (102). The butt plate (102a) and the sealing plate (102b) are fixedly connected end to end, and the partition (102) has an internal groove (C) symmetrically formed on both sides of the plate surface. The sealing plate (102b) is inserted into the mounting groove (101a-1), and a stabilizing slot (102a-1) is provided in the middle of the outer wall of the docking plate (102a) along its length direction. The auxiliary baffle (101b-1) is inserted into the stabilizing slot (102a-1).

4. The new energy battery explosion-proof system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fireproof component (200) is fixed in the built-in groove (C), and at least one receiving cavity (201) is provided in the fireproof component (200), and the receiving cavity (201) contains the fire extinguishing medium (Z). The radial cross-section of the fireproof component (200) presents a regular geometric shape that is symmetrically distributed about the central axis.

5. The new energy battery explosion-proof system according to claim 4, characterized in that: Only one set of the fireproof component (200) is provided, which is placed in the built-in groove (C).

6. The new energy battery explosion-proof system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fireproof components (200) are arranged in a series along the extension direction of the sealing plate (102b), with both ends fixed to the sealing plate (102b). The fireproof components (200) are parallel to each other and are placed in the built-in groove (C). The same fireproof component (200) is used to cover individual batteries at different locations within the battery assembly (A).

7. The new energy battery explosion-proof system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fireproof components (200) are arranged in a series along the extension direction of the connecting plate (102a), with both ends fixed to the connecting plate (102a). The fireproof components (200) are parallel to each other and are placed in the built-in groove (C). The same fireproof component (200) is used to cover several batteries in the corresponding area of ​​the battery assembly (A).

8. The new energy battery explosion-proof system according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: The fireproof component (200) is made of a low-temperature hot-melt material, which is selected from at least one of low-density polyethylene, polypropylene, EVA, and modified polyethylene. Alternatively, the fireproof component (200) may be made of a high-temperature brittle material selected from at least one of heat-brittle PVC, polystyrene, and phenolic resin.

9. The new energy battery explosion-proof system according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that: The filter plate (103) is symmetrically fixed with docking seats (103a) at both ends, and docking grooves (103a-1) are provided on the docking seats (103a); filter holes (103b) are also provided on the filter plate (103) between the docking seats (103a). An embedded groove (103c) is formed between the docking seat (103a) and the end of the filter plate (103), and the fixing plate (101a-2) is fixed in the embedded groove (103c).

10. The new energy battery explosion-proof system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The battery assembly (A) is symmetrically fixed with mounting boxes (A1) at the top and bottom. Mounting seats (A2) are fixed at both ends of the mounting box (A1) and the docking seat (103a). The mounting seats (A2) are fixedly inserted into the docking groove (103a-1). The fireproof component (200) is fixedly installed inside the mounting box (A1), and its arrangement and quantity are the same as those of the fireproof component (200) on the partition (102); An exchange gap (X) is formed between the end of the battery assembly (A) and the inner wall of the main body shell (101a).

11. The new energy battery explosion-proof system according to any one of claims 2 to 7 and 10, characterized in that: The flame arrester (300) has several sets fixed on the bottom cover plate (101b); Alternatively, the fire arrestor (300) is fixed in several groups on the side wall of the main body shell (101a) with the mounting groove (101a-1); All fire-arresting components (300) are connected to the fire-arresting zone (Q2); The flame arrestor (300) includes a flame arrestor cover (301), a flame arrestor plate (302), and a pressure relief valve (303). The flame arrestor cover (301) includes a first cover (301a) and a second cover (301b) stacked together. The first cover (301a) is disposed outside the second cover (301b), and the flame arrestor plate (302) is fixed inside the second cover (301b). The flame arrester (300) is fixed to the mounting wall of the housing (101), which is either the bottom cover plate (101b) or the side wall of the main housing (101a) with a mounting groove (101a-1); the flame arrester cover (301) and the flame arrester plate (302) are located inside the mounting wall, and the pressure relief valve (303) is located outside the mounting wall.

12. The new energy battery explosion-proof system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The pressure relief valve (303) includes a valve seat (303a), a valve disc (303b), and a valve core (303c). The valve seat (303a) is located outside the housing (101). The valve core (303c) is fixedly located in the middle of the valve seat (303a). The valve disc (303b) is movably located at the bottom of the valve seat (303a), and the valve disc (303b) is elastically connected to the valve core (303c). The valve core (303c) is slidably inserted into the middle of the flame arrestor plate (302).

13. The new energy battery explosion-proof system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The first cover (301a) and the second cover (301b) are provided with fire-resistant holes (301a-1) on their side walls at a staggered position. The fire-resistant plate (302) is also provided with a fire-resistant seam (F), which connects the top and bottom end faces of the fire-resistant plate (302).

14. A battery armor fire protection function monitoring system, characterized in that: The new energy battery explosion-proof system as described in any one of claims 1 to 13 further includes: The first monitoring unit (400) includes a first pressure sensor (401) and a second pressure sensor (402) respectively disposed on the inner and outer sides of the housing (101), wherein the first pressure sensor (401) is disposed in the fire-resistant zone (Q2); The first pressure sensor (401) is located on one side of the flame arrester (301) inside the housing (101) of the flame arrester (300), and the second pressure sensor (402) is located on one side of the valve seat (303a) outside the housing (101) of the flame arrester (300). The first pressure sensor (401) and the second pressure sensor (402) are used to collect pressure data of the inside and outside of the flame arrester (300) in real time. The second monitoring unit (500) includes a displacement sensor (501), which is disposed on the inner wall of the end of the valve core (303c) of the flame arrester (300), with its detection end facing the valve disc (303b), and is used to monitor the opening height of the pressure relief valve (303) in real time. The diagnostic module (600) is connected to the first pressure sensor (401), the second pressure sensor (402) and the displacement sensor (501) for calculating the pressure difference based on the pressure data, and for determining the working status of the flame arrestor and pressure relief valve based on the pressure difference and the monitoring data of the opening height, combined with the preset diagnostic logic, and triggering an alarm when the alarm conditions are met.

15. The battery armor fire protection function monitoring system according to claim 14, characterized in that: The diagnostic module (600) has preset normal operating status parameters for the pressure relief valve (303): when the pressure difference reaches the first difference, the pressure relief valve (303) starts to open, and the opening height rises from the first height. When the pressure difference reaches the second difference value, the pressure relief valve (303) opens to its maximum height.

16. The battery armor fire protection function monitoring system according to claim 15, characterized in that: The preset diagnostic logic of the diagnostic module (600) is as follows: an alarm is triggered when any of the following conditions are met. Condition 1: If the pressure difference is detected to reach the third difference value, and the opening height is still the first height, it is determined that the flame arrestor and pressure relief valve has not opened normally. Condition 2: When the pressure difference is detected to reach the fourth difference value, the opening height is less than the second height, and it is determined that the flame arrestor and pressure relief valve has not been opened to the normal height. Among them, the third difference is greater than the first difference, the fourth difference is greater than the second difference, and the second height is greater than the first height and less than or equal to the maximum height.

17. The battery armor fire protection function monitoring system according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that: The diagnostic module (600) is equipped with an alarm delay triggering mechanism. When a state that meets the alarm conditions is detected several times in a short period of time, an alarm will be triggered.

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