A system for predicting the acoustic performance of a composite wall material for a building space

Abstract

This application discloses an acoustic performance prediction system for composite wall materials in architectural spaces, comprising: a data acquisition module for acquiring architectural space parameters, multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material, and environmental parameters; a parametric modeling module for calculating the equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration modal parameters of the composite wall material based on the multi-layer structural parameters; a spatial sound field modeling module for constructing a numerical model of the acoustic field of the architectural space based on the architectural space parameters; a sound-vibration coupling calculation module for establishing a two-way coupling relationship between the vibration model of the composite wall material and the numerical model of the acoustic field, and solving for coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data within a preset target analysis frequency band; and a prediction report generation module for generating an acoustic performance prediction report based on the coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data. This application significantly improves the prediction accuracy in the low-frequency band by establishing a two-way coupling relationship to simulate the interaction between wall material vibration and the spatial sound field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of architectural acoustics technology, and in particular to an acoustic performance prediction system for composite wall materials in architectural spaces. Background Technology

[0002] Composite wall materials refer to building wall materials made of two or more different materials layered together. Due to their good sound insulation performance and ease of construction, they are widely used in architectural spaces with high acoustic requirements, such as residential partition walls, theater partitions, and recording studio enclosures. In architectural design, how to accurately predict the actual acoustic performance of an existing composite wall material product in a specific architectural space is a key issue faced by acoustic designers and architects.

[0003] Existing methods for predicting the acoustic performance of composite wall materials typically treat wall material vibration and spatial sound field as two independent problems, neglecting the bidirectional coupling effect between them. For example, in actual physical processes, incident sound waves act on the wall material, causing it to vibrate. The vibrating wall material radiates sound waves into space, while the sound pressure in space reacts back onto the wall material surface, affecting its vibration state. This bidirectional energy exchange is particularly significant in the mid-to-low frequency range. Existing methods that treat these separately only consider the unidirectional effect of sound waves on the wall material, failing to simulate the physical processes of the wall material vibrating and radiating sound waves into space, as well as the feedback effect of spatial sound pressure on the wall material's vibration. This can easily lead to significant discrepancies between the predicted results and actual performance in the low-frequency range. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an acoustic performance prediction system for composite wall materials in building spaces, and to establish an acoustic performance prediction scheme that establishes a two-way coupling relationship between wall material vibration and spatial sound field, so as to solve the problem of insufficient low-frequency prediction accuracy caused by the fragmented processing of existing technologies.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an acoustic performance prediction system for composite wall materials in architectural spaces, comprising: The data acquisition module is used to acquire building space parameters, multi-layer structural parameters of composite wall materials, and environmental parameters. The multi-layer structural parameters include the basic physical parameters and interlayer bonding parameters of each layer of material. The parametric modeling module is used to calculate the equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration mode parameters of composite wall materials based on the parameters of multi-layer structures. The spatial sound field modeling module is used to construct a numerical model of the sound field of the building space based on the building space parameters. The numerical model of the sound field includes mesh information, acoustic matrix, and boundary node information that marks the composite wall material installation surface. The acoustic-vibration coupling calculation module is used to construct a vibration model of the composite wall material based on equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration modal parameters, and to establish a two-way coupling relationship between the vibration model and the sound field numerical model. It solves the coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data within the preset target analysis frequency band. The prediction report generation module is used to generate acoustic performance prediction reports based on coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data.

[0006] By solving the vibration model of the composite wall material and the sound field model of the building space simultaneously through the coupling matrix, the two physical processes of "sound waves causing wall material vibration" and "wall material vibration radiating sound waves" that were originally calculated separately can be simulated synchronously, thus solving the problem of insufficient prediction accuracy in the low frequency band caused by neglecting bidirectional coupling in traditional methods.

[0007] Optionally, the parametric modeling module includes: The data preprocessing unit is used to correct the multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material using environmental parameters, and to preprocess the corrected multi-layer structural parameters to generate a standard parameter set. The equivalent parameter calculation unit is used to calculate the equivalent dynamic parameters of the composite wall material based on the standard parameter set and the multilayer structure theory. The equivalent dynamic parameters include the equivalent areal density and the equivalent bending stiffness. The vibration modal analysis unit is used to solve for the vibration eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors of composite wall materials under unconstrained boundary conditions based on the standard parameter set and equivalent dynamic parameters, and to generate vibration modal parameters.

[0008] Optionally, the architectural space parameters include architectural space geometric models and acoustic boundary condition parameters, and the spatial sound field modeling module includes: Mesh generation units are used to spatially discretize the building spatial geometric model according to the preset target analysis frequency band, and generate a mesh model. The boundary identification and marking unit is used to identify and mark the boundary node set corresponding to the composite wall material installation surface in the mesh model as the target boundary node set, and the remaining boundary node sets other than the target boundary node set as other boundary node sets. An acoustic matrix construction unit is used to construct the acoustic matrix of an architectural space under the assumption of rigid walls based on a mesh model. The acoustic matrix includes an acoustic stiffness matrix and an acoustic mass matrix. Boundary condition assignment unit is used to assign acoustic boundary condition parameters to other boundary node sets in the mesh model, forming a sound field numerical model that includes boundary conditions.

[0009] Optionally, the acoustic-vibration coupling calculation module includes: The structural vibration equation construction unit is used to construct the modal mass matrix, modal stiffness matrix, and modal damping matrix of the composite wall material based on equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration modal parameters. The coupling matrix construction unit is used to construct the coupling matrix between the composite wall material and the building space based on the target boundary nodes and vibration mode parameters in the spatial sound field numerical model. The coupled system solution unit is used to generate coupled system equations based on the modal mass matrix, modal stiffness matrix, and modal damping matrix of the composite wall material, as well as the coupling matrix and acoustic matrix, and solve them within the preset target analysis frequency band to obtain the modal coordinate response and nodal sound pressure response. The response reconstruction unit is used to reconstruct the modal coordinate response into wall material vibration data in physical space based on the vibration modal parameters, and to associate the nodal sound pressure response with the grid information in the spatial sound field numerical model to generate coupled sound field data.

[0010] Optionally, the vibration modal parameters include modal frequencies, modal damping ratios, and mode shapes, and the structural vibration equation construction unit includes: The physical matrix construction sub-unit is used to generate the mass matrix and stiffness matrix of the composite wall material in physical coordinates based on the equivalent surface density and equivalent bending stiffness in the equivalent dynamic parameters. The modal coordinate transformation sub-unit is used to transform the mass matrix and stiffness matrix in physical coordinates to modal coordinates based on the mode shape, and obtain the modal mass matrix and modal stiffness matrix. The damping matrix construction sub-unit is used to construct the modal damping matrix based on the modal frequency and modal damping ratio.

[0011] Optionally, the prediction report generation module includes: The acoustic index calculation unit is used to calculate the acoustic evaluation index of the building space within a preset target analysis frequency band based on coupled sound field data. The acoustic evaluation index includes the sound pressure level distribution, sound insulation, and sound field uniformity at each frequency. The prediction report generation unit is used to generate acoustic performance prediction reports based on acoustic evaluation indicators.

[0012] Optionally, the system further includes an acoustic defect diagnosis module, the acoustic defect diagnosis module comprising: The coupled resonance identification unit is used to identify frequency points where the wall material resonance frequency is close to the spatial acoustic modal frequency based on coupled acoustic field data and wall material vibration data, and mark them as acoustic defect frequencies. The defect tracing unit is used to analyze the dominant mode and its corresponding structural layer that cause the defect based on the acoustic defect frequency and the multilayer structural parameters of the composite wall material.

[0013] Secondly, this application provides a method for predicting the acoustic performance of composite wall materials for architectural spaces, comprising the following steps: Obtain architectural space parameters, multi-layer structural parameters of composite wall materials, and environmental parameters. The multi-layer structural parameters include the basic physical parameters of each layer of material and the interlayer bonding parameters. Based on the multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material, the equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration mode parameters of the composite wall material are calculated. Based on the architectural space parameters, a numerical model of the acoustic field of the architectural space is constructed. The numerical model of the acoustic field includes grid information, acoustic matrix, and boundary node information for marking the composite wall material installation surface. Based on equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration modal parameters, a vibration model of the composite wall material is constructed, and a two-way coupling relationship is established between the vibration model and the sound field numerical model. Coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data are obtained by solving within the preset target analysis frequency band. An acoustic performance prediction report is generated based on coupled acoustic field data and wall material vibration data.

[0014] Optionally, constructing a numerical model of the sound field of the building space based on the building space parameters includes: Based on the preset target analysis frequency band, the building spatial geometric model is spatially discretized to generate a mesh model; In the mesh model, identify and mark the set of boundary nodes corresponding to the composite wall material mounting surface as the target boundary node set, and the remaining set of boundary nodes other than the target boundary node set as other boundary node sets; Based on the mesh model, an acoustic matrix for the building space under the assumption of rigid walls is constructed. The acoustic matrix includes an acoustic stiffness matrix and an acoustic mass matrix. The acoustic boundary condition parameters are assigned to other boundary node sets in the mesh model to form a numerical sound field model that includes the boundary conditions.

[0015] Thirdly, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and executed as described above for a method of predicting the acoustic performance of composite wall materials for building spaces.

[0016] In summary, by introducing interlayer bonding parameters, the problem of neglecting the dynamic contribution of the bonding layer in traditional methods is solved, enabling a refined characterization of the vibration characteristics of composite wall materials and significantly improving the accuracy of acoustic prediction in the mid-to-low frequency range. Furthermore, by establishing a two-way coupled solution mechanism based on modal synthesis, the complete physical process of acoustic wave excitation of wall material vibration and secondary acoustic wave radiation from the vibrating wall material is reconstructed, effectively improving the accuracy of acoustic performance prediction. In addition, by identifying acoustic defect frequencies and tracing the structural root causes, the problem of traditional predictions only outputting data and failing to guide optimization is solved, contributing to precise guidance for material selection and architectural space renovation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the modules of an acoustic performance prediction system for composite wall materials in building spaces provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the parametric modeling module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spatial sound field modeling module provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the acoustic-vibration coupling calculation module provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a method for predicting the acoustic performance of composite wall materials for building spaces, provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 5 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0019] This application provides an acoustic performance prediction system for composite wall materials in architectural spaces, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 It includes a data acquisition module 10, a parametric modeling module 20, a spatial sound field modeling module 30, a sound-vibration coupling calculation module 40, and a prediction report generation module 50.

[0020] The data acquisition module 10 is used to acquire building space parameters, multi-layer structural parameters of composite wall materials, and environmental parameters.

[0021] Parametric modeling module 20 is used to calculate the equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration mode parameters of the composite wall material based on the multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material.

[0022] The spatial sound field modeling module 30 is used to construct a numerical model of the sound field of the building space based on the building space parameters.

[0023] The acoustic-vibration coupling calculation module 40 is used to construct a vibration model of the composite wall material based on equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration modal parameters, and to establish a two-way coupling relationship between the vibration model and the sound field numerical model. It solves the coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data within the preset target analysis frequency band.

[0024] The prediction report generation module 50 is used to generate an acoustic performance prediction report based on coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data.

[0025] In this embodiment of the application, firstly, the building space parameters, multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material, and environmental parameters are acquired through the data acquisition module 10.

[0026] Among them, the building space parameters include the building space geometric model and acoustic boundary condition parameters. The building space geometric model can be obtained by importing CAD drawings. The acoustic boundary condition parameters are the sound absorption coefficients of all surfaces except the composite wall material installation surface. The sound absorption coefficient is a dimensionless parameter that describes the sound absorption capacity of a material surface. It can be obtained through a material database, which is a collection of data used to store the acoustic properties and physical parameters of various building materials.

[0027] The multilayer structural parameters of composite wall materials include the basic physical parameters of each layer and the interlayer bonding parameters. The basic physical parameters include material type, thickness, density, porosity, elastic modulus and damping coefficient; the interlayer bonding parameters include bonding layer thickness, bonding strength and viscoelastic properties.

[0028] Environmental parameters, mainly temperature and relative humidity, are considered in relation to the effects of temperature and relative humidity on certain material parameters, such as the effect of temperature on elastic modulus and the effect of relative humidity on density.

[0029] The purpose of this application is to predict the acoustic performance of composite wall materials when applied in a specific building space. This is achieved by obtaining the multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material and constructing a theoretical model of its vibration characteristics, while simultaneously obtaining the building space parameters and constructing a sound field model. Then, the low-frequency acoustic performance under the interaction of the two is predicted through acoustic-vibration coupling.

[0030] Therefore, in this embodiment of the application, after obtaining the relevant data, the equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration mode parameters of the composite wall material are calculated by the parametric modeling module 20 based on the multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material.

[0031] Specifically, see Figure 2 The parametric modeling module 20 includes a data preprocessing unit 21, an equivalent parameter calculation unit 22, and a vibration modal analysis unit 23.

[0032] The data preprocessing unit 21 is used to correct the multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material by means of environmental parameters, and to preprocess the corrected multi-layer structural parameters to generate a standard parameter set.

[0033] The equivalent parameter calculation unit 22 is used to calculate the equivalent dynamic parameters of the composite wall material based on the standard parameter set and the multilayer structure theory.

[0034] Vibration modal analysis unit 23 is used to solve the vibration eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors of composite wall materials under unconstrained boundary conditions based on standard parameter sets and equivalent dynamic parameters, and generate vibration modal parameters.

[0035] First, the data preprocessing unit 21 corrects the multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material using environmental parameters, and then preprocesses the corrected multi-layer structural parameters to generate a standard parameter set.

[0036] Because the mechanical properties (such as elastic modulus and damping coefficient) and physical properties (such as density and thickness) of building materials change with temperature and humidity, for example, an increase in temperature will cause the molecular chain movement of polymer materials to intensify, the elastic modulus to decrease and the damping characteristics to change; an increase in humidity will cause the mass of hygroscopic materials (such as gypsum board and wood) to increase and the volume to expand. If no correction is made, the prediction results generated based on standard conditions may deviate from the actual performance of the materials in the actual environment.

[0037] For multi-layer structure parameters, corrections are made using environmental parameters. This primarily involves correcting material parameters that are affected by environmental factors, such as density and elastic modulus. Let P be the material parameter involved in the correction. Then, the value of material parameter P at temperature T and relative humidity RH can be expressed as: in, The parameter value is the reference value, usually . =20℃, =50%, The temperature correction function can be expressed as: , This is a temperature coefficient, representing the percentage change in parameter for every 1°C increase; The humidity correction function can be expressed as: , The humidity coefficient represents the percentage change in relative humidity for every 1% increase.

[0038] After environmental parameter correction, the multi-layer structural data will be preprocessed. This preprocessing mainly involves parameter verification and formatting. Parameter verification includes checking the completeness and rationality of parameters, such as whether each material layer contains all necessary parameters and whether the parameter values ​​are within a physically reasonable range. For missing necessary parameters, default values ​​can be called based on the material type or estimated using empirical formulas to complete them. Formatting involves unifying the units of each parameter, that is, unifying parameters from different sources to the International System of Units (SI) and formatting the output to generate standardized structural data and standard parameter sets. For example, all values ​​retain 4 significant digits and are encapsulated using JSON or XML structures.

[0039] After generating the standard parameter set, the equivalent dynamic parameters of the composite wall material can be calculated using the equivalent parameter calculation unit 22 based on the standard parameter set and the multilayer structure theory.

[0040] The equivalent dynamic parameters include equivalent surface density and equivalent bending stiffness. Equivalent surface density represents the mass per unit area when the multi-layer composite wall material is equivalent to a single-layer plate. It can be calculated by weighted summation of the density and thickness of each layer of material.

[0041] Equivalent bending stiffness describes the ability of composite wall materials to resist bending deformation. It can be calculated using multilayer structure theory, which refers to the theoretical methodology used to analyze the overall mechanical behavior of composite structures composed of multiple layers of different materials. The calculation process can be divided into two parts: one is the basic stiffness calculation, which calculates and sums the contribution of each layer to the stiffness based on the elastic modulus, thickness, and location of each layer; the other is the adhesive layer correction, which calculates the additional contribution of the adhesive layer to the overall stiffness based on the adhesive strength, thickness, and location of the adhesive layer. Finally, the two parts are added together to obtain the final equivalent bending stiffness.

[0042] After obtaining the equivalent dynamic parameters, the physical parameters of the composite wall material can be transformed into modal parameters that can be used for subsequent coupled calculations through the vibration modal analysis unit 23. That is, based on the standard parameter set and the equivalent dynamic parameters, the vibration eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors of the composite wall material under unconstrained boundary conditions are solved to generate vibration modal parameters.

[0043] The vibration modal parameters include modal frequency, modal damping ratio, and mode shape. The modal frequency is the natural vibration frequency of the composite wall material, that is, the frequency at which the wall material vibrates freely after being disturbed without the continuous action of external force. The modal damping ratio is used to describe the rate at which vibration energy dissipates, that is, the proportion of energy attenuation in each vibration cycle. The mode shape is the spatial shape of the composite wall material when it vibrates at a certain modal frequency, describing the relative amplitude and direction of vibration at each point on the wall material.

[0044] The unconstrained boundary conditions here refer to not applying any force constraints to the composite wall material, allowing it to deform freely without external force, thus generating vibration modal parameters that are independent of the installation method of the composite wall material.

[0045] For example, a finite element model can be used to discretize a continuously distributed composite wall material into a finite number of nodes. Element equations can be established based on equivalent surface density and equivalent bending stiffness, and then assembled into an overall vibration equation, assuming that all nodes vibrate at the same frequency. If the motion is simple harmonic, then the overall vibration equation can be expressed as: .

[0046] in, It is the overall mass matrix generated by the equivalent surface density. It is the global stiffness matrix generated from the equivalent bending stiffness. It is the amplitude vector. By solving the overall vibration equation, an eigenvalue sequence can be generated. , , ... and the corresponding feature vectors , , ,...

[0047] Modal frequency ; Eigenvector This is the mode shape; for the first... First mode, modal damping ratio It can be obtained by weighted averaging of the damping coefficients of each layer of material, and can be expressed as: ,in, For the first Damping coefficient of the layer material, For the first Layer material in the first The strain force under the first modal can be obtained through the finite element model. This refers to the number of layers in the composite wall material.

[0048] Then, the spatial sound field modeling module 30 constructs a numerical model of the sound field of the building space based on the building space parameters. The numerical model of the sound field includes mesh information, acoustic matrix, and boundary node information that marks the composite wall material installation surface. The acoustic matrix includes an acoustic stiffness matrix and an acoustic mass matrix.

[0049] Specifically, see Figure 3 The spatial sound field modeling module 30 includes a mesh generation unit 31, a boundary identification and marking unit 32, an acoustic matrix construction unit 33, and a boundary condition assignment unit 34.

[0050] Among them, the grid division unit 31 is used to perform spatial discretization processing on the building spatial geometric model according to the preset target analysis frequency band to generate a grid model.

[0051] The boundary identification and marking unit 32 is used to identify and mark the set of boundary nodes corresponding to the composite wall material installation surface in the mesh model as the target boundary node set, and the other boundary node sets besides the target boundary node set as other boundary node sets.

[0052] Acoustic matrix building unit 33 is used to build the acoustic matrix of the building space under the assumption of rigid walls based on the mesh model.

[0053] Boundary condition assignment unit 34 is used to assign acoustic boundary condition parameters to other boundary node sets in the mesh model to form a sound field numerical model containing boundary conditions.

[0054] First, the building spatial geometric model will be spatially discretized by dividing the model into grid units 31 and analyzing the preset target frequency band to generate a grid model.

[0055] The preset target analysis frequency here refers to the frequency range for acoustic performance analysis set according to the predicted requirements, and is usually expressed as: The unit is Hz, for example, set to [20,200].

[0056] The generated mesh model needs to be suitable for numerical calculations in wave acoustics, meaning it must contain at least 6 elements per wavelength. Furthermore, in wave acoustics, higher frequencies correspond to shorter wavelengths; therefore, mesh generation will be determined by… This is determined so that the defined grid can cover all frequencies.

[0057] Let the maximum size of the mesh cell be... ,but , For the longest wavelength, c is the speed of sound.

[0058] according to The building space can then be divided into grids. Based on the geometric model of the building space, the number of units and nodes in the grid model can be determined. For example, if the building space is a hexahedron, the number of grids in each direction can be calculated based on the length, width, and height. This allows the determination of the total number of units and nodes, and the generation of grid node coordinates.

[0059] Next, the boundary node set corresponding to the composite wall material installation surface is identified and marked in the mesh model by the boundary identification and marking unit 32 as the target boundary node set, and the other boundary node sets besides the target boundary node set as other boundary node sets.

[0060] After meshing, the resulting mesh nodes are also considered boundary nodes, i.e. nodes located on the spatial surface. Each boundary node corresponds to spatial coordinates. By traversing all boundary nodes, boundary nodes whose coordinates fall within the installation surface range can be selected and marked. The resulting set of boundary nodes is denoted as the target boundary node set; the set of the remaining boundary nodes is denoted as the other boundary node set.

[0061] Next, through acoustic matrix construction unit 33, based on the grid model, the acoustic matrix of the building space under the rigid wall assumption is constructed. The rigid wall assumption refers to the idealized boundary condition that regards the boundary surface of the building space as completely rigid and does not vibrate. Under this assumption, the wall remains stationary under the action of sound waves, neither absorbing sound energy nor radiating sound energy into the space.

[0062] For example, the finite element method can be used, which is based on a mesh model generated by mesh generation. The building space is discretized into a finite number of elements. For each mesh element, a shape function is used to approximate how the sound pressure changes. Under the assumption of avoiding stiffness, element equations are established, and the element acoustic mass matrix and element acoustic stiffness matrix can be calculated. These are then assembled into a global matrix describing the overall spatial sound field to obtain the acoustic mass matrix. Harmony Acoustic Stiffness Matrix .

[0063] Finally, by assigning boundary condition parameters to other boundary node sets in the mesh model through boundary condition assignment unit 34, a sound field numerical model containing boundary conditions can be formed, that is, the idealized rigid model is transformed into a real model reflecting the acoustic properties of the actual building surface. In this model, the target boundary node set is not assigned boundary condition parameters to preserve the dynamic boundary coupled with the composite wall material.

[0064] After constructing the acoustic field numerical model of the building space, the next step is to construct the vibration model of the composite wall material based on the equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration mode parameters through the acoustic-vibration coupling calculation module 40, and establish a two-way coupling relationship between the vibration model and the acoustic field numerical model. The coupled acoustic field data and wall material vibration data are obtained by solving within the preset target analysis frequency band.

[0065] Specifically, see Figure 4 The acoustic-vibration coupling calculation module 40 includes a structural vibration equation construction unit 41, a coupling matrix construction unit 42, a coupled system solution unit 43, and a response reconstruction unit 44.

[0066] Among them, the structural vibration equation construction unit 41 is used to construct the modal mass matrix, modal stiffness matrix and modal damping matrix of the composite wall material based on the equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration modal parameters.

[0067] The coupling matrix construction unit 42 is used to construct the coupling matrix between the composite wall material and the building space based on the target boundary nodes and vibration mode parameters in the spatial sound field numerical model.

[0068] The coupled system solver unit 43 is used to generate coupled system equations based on the modal mass matrix, modal stiffness matrix, and modal damping matrix of the composite wall material, as well as the coupling matrix and acoustic matrix, and solve them within the preset target analysis frequency band to obtain the modal coordinate response and nodal sound pressure response.

[0069] The response reconstruction unit 44 is used to reconstruct the modal coordinate response into wall material vibration data in physical space based on the vibration modal parameters, and associate the nodal sound pressure response with the grid information in the spatial sound field numerical model to generate coupled sound field data.

[0070] First, unit 41 is constructed using structural vibration equations. Based on equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration modal parameters, the modal mass matrix, modal stiffness matrix, and modal damping matrix of the composite wall material are constructed.

[0071] Specifically, the structural vibration equation construction unit 41 includes a physical matrix construction subunit 411, a modal coordinate transformation subunit 412, and a damping matrix construction subunit 413.

[0072] Among them, the physical matrix construction sub-unit 411 is used to generate the mass matrix and stiffness matrix of the composite wall material in physical coordinates based on the equivalent surface density and equivalent bending stiffness in the equivalent dynamic parameters.

[0073] The modal coordinate transformation sub-unit 412 is used to transform the mass matrix and stiffness matrix in physical coordinates to modal coordinates based on the mode shape, so as to obtain the modal mass matrix and modal stiffness matrix.

[0074] The damping matrix construction sub-unit 413 is used to construct the modal damping matrix based on the modal frequency and modal damping ratio.

[0075] First, by constructing sub-unit 411 using the physical matrix, based on the equivalent areal density and equivalent bending stiffness in the equivalent dynamic parameters, the mass matrix and stiffness matrix of the composite wall material in physical coordinates can be generated. This was mentioned earlier when obtaining the vibration modal parameters. It is the overall mass matrix generated by the equivalent surface density. It is the overall stiffness matrix generated by the equivalent bending stiffness, which is the mass matrix and stiffness matrix of the composite wall material in physical coordinates.

[0076] Then, using the modal coordinate transformation sub-unit 412, the mass matrix and stiffness matrix in physical coordinates are transformed to modal coordinates based on the mode shape to obtain the modal mass matrix and modal stiffness matrix.

[0077] Let the modal mass matrix be... The modal stiffness matrix is ,but and It can be represented as: , in, For modal vibration modes, .

[0078] Finally, sub-unit 413 is constructed using the damping matrix, and a modal damping matrix is ​​constructed based on the modal frequency and modal damping ratio.

[0079] For the For a first-order mode, according to the damping definition of a single-free system, its modal damping coefficient is... It can be represented as: in, Angular frequency, , For modal frequencies, The modal damping ratio, Modal mass matrix The One diagonal element, .

[0080] Finally, the damping coefficients of all modes By assembling them into a diagonal matrix, the modal damping matrix can be formed. .

[0081] Next, through coupling matrix construction unit 42, based on the target boundary nodes and vibration mode parameters in the spatial sound field numerical model, a coupling matrix between the composite wall material and the building space is constructed, which can be expressed as: in, This is the coupling interface, which is the surface corresponding to the target boundary node set. For each node on the coupling interface, the normal vector is defined as the direction pointing towards the sound field space at that point. It is usually a unit normal vector, representing the direction in which vibrational energy radiates into the sound field. The acoustic field shape function matrix is ​​derived from the finite element shape functions used in constructing the acoustic matrix. The dimension is , This represents the number of nodes in the composite wall material (as mentioned earlier, the continuously distributed composite wall material is discretized into a finite number of nodes using a finite element model). The target number of boundary nodes indicates which acoustic boundary nodes affect each node on the composite wall material.

[0082] The coupling matrix describes the energy exchange relationship between the vibration of the composite wall material and the spatial sound pressure, with dimensions of 1. ,in Let the modal order be the coupling matrix. elements in This can be understood as, when composite wall materials are based on the first... During first-order modal vibration, a unit vibration displacement can be used to achieve the first-order modal vibration. How much sound pressure contribution is generated at each sound field boundary node?

[0083] Then, the modal mass matrix of the composite wall material is obtained by solving the coupled system unit 43. Modal stiffness matrix and modal damping matrix and coupling matrix Harmony and acoustic quality matrix Harmony Acoustic Stiffness Matrix The system equations are jointly generated and solved within the preset target analysis frequency band to obtain the modal coordinate response and nodal acoustic pressure response.

[0084] The coupled system equations can be broken down into two parts. One part is the vibration equation of the composite wall material, which can be simply understood as: [Composite wall material vibration] + [Effect of the sound field on the composite wall material] = [External force], that is, the vibration response of the composite wall material. The effects of the composite wall material's own structural properties (mass, damping, stiffness), the spatial sound field on the composite wall material, and direct external forces are all considered. Three factors determine this.

[0085] The vibration equation of the composite wall material can be expressed as: The other part is the sound field propagation equation, which can be simply understood as: [sound field propagation] + [the effect of composite wall materials on the sound field] = [sound source], that is, the sound pressure response within the building space. Sound radiated into space by the inertia and compressibility of air, the vibration of wall materials, and sound sources within the space. Decide.

[0086] The sound field propagation equation can be expressed as: By combining the two equations above, the external forces acting on the composite wall material can be obtained. and sound sources within the architectural space By solving within the preset target analysis frequency band, the modal coordinate response at each frequency point can be obtained. and nodal sound pressure response Modal coordinate response can be regarded as the vibration amplitude of the composite wall material in each mode, and nodal sound pressure response can be regarded as the sound pressure value at each node in the building space.

[0087] Finally, through the response reconstruction unit 44, based on the vibration modal parameters, the modal coordinate response is reconstructed into wall material vibration data in physical space, and the nodal sound pressure response is associated with the grid information in the spatial sound field numerical model to generate coupled sound field data.

[0088] First, consider the mode shapes in the vibration modal parameters. The modal coordinate response can be reconstructed into wall material vibration data in physical space, which can be expressed as: For discrete frequency points The modal coordinate response at that frequency point can be obtained. Through modal vibration It can be converted into nodal displacement vectors in physical space, i.e. By combining the nodal displacement vectors generated at all discrete frequency points, a corresponding data matrix can be formed, which is the wall material vibration data. .

[0089] For nodal sound pressure response ,element , indicating the first on the coupling interface Each node at frequency By analyzing the complex sound pressure levels and associating this data with the grid information in the spatial sound field numerical model, structured coupled sound field data can be formed.

[0090] In this embodiment of the application, after obtaining the coupled sound field data and the wall material vibration data, the acoustic performance prediction report can be generated by the prediction report generation module 50 based on the coupled sound field data and the wall material vibration data.

[0091] Specifically, the prediction report generation module 50 includes an acoustic index calculation unit 51 and a prediction report generation unit 52.

[0092] Among them, the acoustic index calculation unit 51 is used to calculate the acoustic evaluation index of the building space within the preset target analysis frequency band based on the coupled sound field data.

[0093] The prediction report generation unit 52 is used to generate an acoustic performance prediction report based on acoustic evaluation indicators.

[0094] The acoustic index calculation unit 51 can calculate the acoustic evaluation index of the building space within the preset target analysis frequency band based on the coupled sound field data. The acoustic evaluation index is the core parameter for evaluating the acoustic performance of a space in architectural acoustics. It describes the performance of the composite wall material in a specific building space from three dimensions: spatial distribution, sound insulation performance, and sound field uniformity. The acoustic evaluation index includes the sound pressure level distribution, sound insulation, and sound field uniformity at each frequency.

[0095] The sound pressure level distribution at various frequencies is used to describe the loudness distribution at different frequencies at various locations in space, and can be based on the complex sound pressure levels at each node. The sound pressure level distribution at each frequency, expressed in decibels (dB), can be represented as follows: in, The amplitude of the complex sound pressure level. The reference sound pressure level for airborne sound. .

[0096] Sound insulation, used to evaluate the overall sound insulation capability of composite wall materials, can be calculated using a hybrid method based on the normal vibration velocity of the composite wall material. The normal vibration velocity can be obtained from the nodal displacement vector in the wall material vibration data. The process involves obtaining the nodal displacement vectors and converting them into velocity responses through frequency transformation. , here It is the imaginary unit. Then, the normal component is extracted to obtain the normal vibration velocity, which determines how much of the composite wall material's vibration energy is converted into sound radiation to the other side. This can be understood as only vibrations perpendicular to the wall surface can push the air and generate sound to be transmitted to the other side.

[0097] The mixed method here means that part of the sound power incident on the wall material is reflected, part is absorbed, and the remainder is radiated to the other side of the space through the wall material. The sound insulation is the logarithmic form of the ratio of incident sound power to radiated sound power.

[0098] Based on the normal vibration velocity, the spatial average vibration velocity of the wall material surface can be calculated. Based on the basic principle of structural sound radiation, the radiated sound power can be determined using general formulas in the field of acoustics. Then, based on the incident sound pressure, the incident sound power can be calculated using the standard diffusion field method. The incident sound pressure here can be directly taken as the standard value, i.e. =1Pa, which can also be obtained from the sound sources within the architectural space mentioned earlier. Extraction is performed within the specified range.

[0099] Finally, the sound insulation can be expressed as: The unit is decibel (dB).

[0100] Sound field uniformity describes the consistency of sound pressure distribution in space. It can be obtained from the statistical distribution of sound pressure levels at each node in space, that is, by calculating the standard deviation and the maximum and minimum difference of the sound pressure levels at each node at each frequency, which can be used as a quantitative indicator of sound field uniformity.

[0101] Then, the acoustic performance prediction report can be generated by the prediction report generation unit 52 based on the acoustic evaluation index. For example, the average sound pressure level, maximum and minimum sound pressure level, standard deviation and sound insulation at each frequency can be recorded in the form of a data table.

[0102] In addition, in this embodiment of the application, besides generating a prediction report, an acoustic defect vibration module 60 is added, which can analyze and diagnose the shortcomings of the composite wall material in the acoustic performance of the building space, so as to optimize it in a targeted manner.

[0103] Specifically, the acoustic defect diagnosis module 60 includes a coupled resonance identification unit 61 and a defect tracing unit.

[0104] Among them, the coupled resonance identification unit 61 is used to identify frequency points where the wall material resonance frequency is close to the spatial acoustic modal frequency based on the coupled sound field data and the wall material vibration data, and mark them as acoustic defect frequencies.

[0105] The defect tracing unit 62 is used to analyze the dominant mode and its corresponding structural layer that cause the defect based on the acoustic defect frequency and the multilayer structural parameters of the composite wall material.

[0106] First, the wall material vibration data can be analyzed through the coupled resonance identification unit 61 to identify frequency points with severe vibration response. For example, at 125Hz, the amplitude of the wall material vibration velocity is significantly higher than that of the adjacent frequency. At the same time, the sound pressure response of the building space is analyzed, and a longitudinal acoustic mode is found at 124Hz. The frequencies of the two are close (a frequency difference threshold can be set here, such as 3Hz, or a relative difference of 5%). This is determined to be a strong coupled resonance. That is, when the wall material resonance frequency is close to the room acoustic mode frequency, the two will excite each other, which will lead to a significant deterioration of the sound insulation performance at this frequency. Therefore, 125Hz is marked as the acoustic defect frequency.

[0107] After identifying the acoustic defect, the defect tracing unit 62 can analyze the dominant mode and its corresponding structural layer that caused the defect based on the corresponding acoustic defect frequency and the multilayer structural parameters of the composite wall material.

[0108] For example, following the example above, analyzing the modal participation factor for the mode shape corresponding to 125Hz, it was found that the second mode (45Hz) and the fourth mode (123Hz) are the main contributing modes. Combining the original multilayer structure parameters, it was found that the fourth mode (123Hz) is the overall bending mode of the wall material, with large deformation of the intermediate damping layer. The interlayer bonding parameters show that the loss factor of the bonding layer is low at this frequency, and it fails to effectively dissipate vibration energy.

[0109] Thus, the diagnostic results can be output, namely that the acoustic defects near 125Hz are mainly caused by the overall bending resonance of the wall material and the coupling of the longitudinal acoustic modes of the room, and the insufficient damping performance of the intermediate damping layer at this frequency is the main reason.

[0110] The diagnostic results can be attached to the prediction report, which can help diagnose defects and make corresponding optimizations and improvements while obtaining acoustic performance prediction results.

[0111] This application also provides a method for predicting the acoustic performance of composite wall materials in architectural spaces. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 It includes the following steps: S100: Obtain building space parameters, multi-layer structural parameters of composite wall materials, and environmental parameters.

[0112] S200. Based on the multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material, calculate the equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration mode parameters of the composite wall material.

[0113] S300. Based on the architectural space parameters, construct a numerical model of the acoustic field of the architectural space.

[0114] S400. Based on equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration modal parameters, a vibration model of the composite wall material is constructed, and a two-way coupling relationship is established between the vibration model and the sound field numerical model. Coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data are obtained by solving within the preset target analysis frequency band.

[0115] S500 generates an acoustic performance prediction report based on coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data.

[0116] In this embodiment, firstly, architectural space parameters, multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material, and environmental parameters are obtained. The architectural space parameters include the architectural space geometric model and acoustic boundary condition parameters; the multi-layer structural parameters include the basic physical parameters of each layer of material and interlayer bonding parameters; and the environmental parameters include temperature and relative humidity.

[0117] Then, based on the multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material, the equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration modal parameters of the composite wall material are calculated. The equivalent dynamic parameters include the equivalent areal density and the equivalent bending stiffness; the vibration modal parameters include the modal frequency, modal damping ratio and mode shape.

[0118] Next, based on the architectural space parameters, a numerical model of the acoustic field of the architectural space is constructed. The numerical model of the acoustic field includes grid information, acoustic matrix, and boundary node information that marks the composite wall material installation surface.

[0119] Specifically, based on the architectural space parameters, a numerical model of the acoustic field of the architectural space is constructed, including the following steps: S310. Based on the preset target analysis frequency band, the building space geometric model is spatially discretized to generate a mesh model.

[0120] S320. In the mesh model, identify and mark the set of boundary nodes corresponding to the composite wall material installation surface as the target boundary node set, and the remaining boundary node sets other than the target boundary node set as other boundary node sets.

[0121] S330. Based on the mesh model, construct the acoustic matrix of the building space under the assumption of rigid walls.

[0122] S340. Assign acoustic boundary condition parameters to other boundary node sets in the mesh model to form a numerical acoustic field model containing boundary conditions.

[0123] First, based on the preset target analysis frequency band, the building space geometric model can be spatially discretized to generate a mesh model.

[0124] Then, in the mesh model, the set of boundary nodes corresponding to the composite wall material mounting surface is identified and marked as the target boundary node set, and the remaining boundary node sets other than the target boundary node set are marked as other boundary node sets.

[0125] Next, based on the mesh model, the acoustic matrix of the building space under the assumption of rigid walls can be constructed, where the acoustic matrix includes the acoustic stiffness matrix and the acoustic mass matrix.

[0126] Finally, by assigning acoustic boundary condition parameters to the other boundary node sets in the mesh model, a numerical model of the acoustic field containing boundary conditions can be formed.

[0127] After obtaining the numerical model of the acoustic field of the building space, a vibration model of the composite wall material can be constructed based on the equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration mode parameters. Then, a two-way coupling relationship between the vibration model and the numerical model of the acoustic field can be established. The solution can be performed within the preset target analysis frequency band to calculate the coupled acoustic field data and the vibration data of the wall material.

[0128] Finally, based on the coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data, acoustic performance indicators can be obtained, and an acoustic performance prediction report can be generated.

[0129] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that can be loaded by a processor and executed by any of the above-described methods for predicting the acoustic performance of composite wall materials for building spaces.

[0130] The embodiments described in this application are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A system for predicting the acoustic performance of a composite wall material for a building space, characterized by, include: The data acquisition module is used to acquire building space parameters, multi-layer structural parameters of composite wall materials, and environmental parameters. The multi-layer structural parameters include the basic physical parameters and interlayer bonding parameters of each layer of material. The parametric modeling module is used to calculate the equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration mode parameters of composite wall materials based on the parameters of multi-layer structures. The spatial sound field modeling module is used to construct a numerical model of the sound field of the building space based on the building space parameters. The numerical model of the sound field includes mesh information, acoustic matrix, and boundary node information that marks the composite wall material installation surface. The acoustic-vibration coupling calculation module is used to construct a vibration model of the composite wall material based on equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration modal parameters, and to establish a two-way coupling relationship between the vibration model and the sound field numerical model. It solves the coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data within the preset target analysis frequency band. The prediction report generation module is used to generate acoustic performance prediction reports based on coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data.

2. A system for predicting acoustic performance of a composite wall material for a building space according to claim 1, wherein The parametric modeling module includes: The data preprocessing unit is used to correct the multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material using environmental parameters, and to preprocess the corrected multi-layer structural parameters to generate a standard parameter set. The equivalent parameter calculation unit is used to calculate the equivalent dynamic parameters of the composite wall material based on the standard parameter set and the multilayer structure theory. The equivalent dynamic parameters include the equivalent areal density and the equivalent bending stiffness. The vibration modal analysis unit is used to solve for the vibration eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors of composite wall materials under unconstrained boundary conditions based on the standard parameter set and equivalent dynamic parameters, and to generate vibration modal parameters.

3. A system for predicting acoustic performance of a composite wall material for a building space according to claim 1, wherein The architectural space parameters include architectural space geometric models and acoustic boundary condition parameters. The spatial sound field modeling module includes: Mesh generation units are used to spatially discretize the building spatial geometric model according to the preset target analysis frequency band, and generate a mesh model. The boundary identification and marking unit is used to identify and mark the boundary node set corresponding to the composite wall material installation surface in the mesh model as the target boundary node set, and the remaining boundary node sets other than the target boundary node set as other boundary node sets. An acoustic matrix construction unit is used to construct the acoustic matrix of an architectural space under the assumption of rigid walls based on a mesh model. The acoustic matrix includes an acoustic stiffness matrix and an acoustic mass matrix. Boundary condition assignment unit is used to assign acoustic boundary condition parameters to other boundary node sets in the mesh model, forming a sound field numerical model that includes boundary conditions.

4. A system for predicting acoustic performance of a composite wall material for a building space according to claim 1, wherein The acoustic-vibration coupling calculation module includes: The structural vibration equation construction unit is used to construct the modal mass matrix, modal stiffness matrix, and modal damping matrix of the composite wall material based on equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration modal parameters. The coupling matrix construction unit is used to construct the coupling matrix between the composite wall material and the building space based on the target boundary nodes and vibration mode parameters in the spatial sound field numerical model. The coupled system solution unit is used to generate coupled system equations based on the modal mass matrix, modal stiffness matrix, and modal damping matrix of the composite wall material, as well as the coupling matrix and acoustic matrix, and solve them within the preset target analysis frequency band to obtain the modal coordinate response and nodal sound pressure response. The response reconstruction unit is used to reconstruct the modal coordinate response into wall material vibration data in physical space based on the vibration modal parameters, and to associate the nodal sound pressure response with the grid information in the spatial sound field numerical model to generate coupled sound field data.

5. A system for predicting the acoustic performance of a composite wall material for a building space according to claim 4, wherein, The vibration modal parameters include modal frequencies, modal damping ratios, and mode shapes. The structural vibration equation construction unit includes: The physical matrix construction sub-unit is used to generate the mass matrix and stiffness matrix of the composite wall material in physical coordinates based on the equivalent surface density and equivalent bending stiffness in the equivalent dynamic parameters. The modal coordinate transformation sub-unit is used to transform the mass matrix and stiffness matrix in physical coordinates to modal coordinates based on the mode shape, and obtain the modal mass matrix and modal stiffness matrix. The damping matrix construction sub-unit is used to construct the modal damping matrix based on the modal frequency and modal damping ratio.

6. A system for predicting acoustic performance of a composite wall material for architectural spaces according to claim 1, wherein, The prediction report generation module includes: The acoustic index calculation unit is used to calculate the acoustic evaluation index of the building space within a preset target analysis frequency band based on coupled sound field data. The acoustic evaluation index includes the sound pressure level distribution, sound insulation, and sound field uniformity at each frequency. The prediction report generation unit is used to generate acoustic performance prediction reports based on acoustic evaluation indicators.

7. The acoustic performance prediction system for composite wall materials in architectural spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes an acoustic defect diagnosis module, which includes: The coupled resonance identification unit is used to identify frequency points where the wall material resonance frequency is close to the spatial acoustic modal frequency based on coupled acoustic field data and wall material vibration data, and mark them as acoustic defect frequencies. The defect tracing unit is used to analyze the dominant mode and its corresponding structural layer that cause the defect based on the acoustic defect frequency and the multilayer structural parameters of the composite wall material.

8. A method for predicting the acoustic performance of composite wall materials for architectural spaces, characterized in that, include: Obtain architectural space parameters, multi-layer structural parameters of composite wall materials, and environmental parameters. The multi-layer structural parameters include the basic physical parameters of each layer of material and the interlayer bonding parameters. Based on the multi-layer structural parameters of the composite wall material, the equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration mode parameters of the composite wall material are calculated. Based on the architectural space parameters, a numerical model of the acoustic field of the architectural space is constructed. The numerical model of the acoustic field includes grid information, acoustic matrix, and boundary node information for marking the composite wall material installation surface. Based on equivalent dynamic parameters and vibration modal parameters, a vibration model of the composite wall material is constructed, and a two-way coupling relationship is established between the vibration model and the sound field numerical model. Coupled sound field data and wall material vibration data are obtained by solving within the preset target analysis frequency band. An acoustic performance prediction report is generated based on coupled acoustic field data and wall material vibration data.

9. The method for predicting the acoustic performance of composite wall materials for architectural spaces according to claim 8, characterized in that, The step of constructing a numerical model of the acoustic field of the building space based on the building space parameters includes: Based on the preset target analysis frequency band, the building spatial geometric model is spatially discretized to generate a mesh model; In the mesh model, identify and mark the set of boundary nodes corresponding to the composite wall material mounting surface as the target boundary node set, and the remaining set of boundary nodes other than the target boundary node set as other boundary node sets; Based on the mesh model, an acoustic matrix for the building space under the assumption of rigid walls is constructed. The acoustic matrix includes an acoustic stiffness matrix and an acoustic mass matrix. The acoustic boundary condition parameters are assigned to other boundary node sets in the mesh model to form a numerical sound field model that includes the boundary conditions.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program capable of being loaded by a processor and executing a method for predicting the acoustic performance of composite wall materials for architectural spaces as described in any one of claims 8 to 9.

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