External pulling self-balanced body external prestress light-weight bracket and construction method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of transportation, in particular to a kind of outer pull self-balanced external prestress light bracket and its construction method, the bracket cantilever connection transport ship width direction both sides, bracket bottom connects inclined bracing frame, inclined bracing frame connects the side wall of transport ship, bracket top bearing component, bracket cantilever end connects prestressed cable, and the prestress of prestressed cable is configured as along transport ship width direction balance, and along transport ship length direction balance.The present application provides upward tensile stress to bracket cantilever end by the combination of bracket, inclined bracing frame and prestressed cable, controls the vertical deformation of bracket cantilever end, reduces the deformation of component edge position, compared with the buoyancy tank used in prior art, the structural size and weight of bracket and inclined bracing frame are significantly smaller, and not affected by buoyancy, wave periodic impact, alternating bending moment generated by ship roll and the like, and self-balanced system is formed by prestressed cable, and gain is significantly, which greatly reduces the cost and safety risk of transport ship widening modification.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transportation equipment, and in particular to an externally tensioned, self-balancing, prestressed, lightweight bracket and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In the construction of large-scale infrastructure and renewable energy, the cross-regional transportation of ultra-large integral components such as wind turbine blades, wind turbine foundations, and bridge segments is highly dependent on shipping, which has advantages such as large carrying capacity, good economy, and relatively low carbon emissions.

[0003] However, when the width of the components to be transported significantly exceeds the original deck design of the ship, engineering practice often involves temporarily widening the work platform by adding auxiliary pontoons to both sides of the hull. While this solution achieves dimensional adaptation, it harbors systemic risks: to ensure a continuous and flat deck surface for easy component fixing and loading / unloading, the top of the pontoon must be flush with the main deck, resulting in a large structural height, bulky size, and significantly increased weight. This not only raises the ship's center of gravity, affecting stability, but also increases sailing resistance and fuel consumption. More importantly, the connection points between the pontoons and the hull (welded or bolted) are subjected to the combined stresses of buoyancy, periodic wave impacts, alternating bending moments generated by ship rolling, and dynamic cargo loads over a long period, becoming high-risk areas for fatigue cracks. Insufficient design redundancy or construction defects can easily lead to connection failure, causing the pontoons to suddenly break and detach, resulting in the instantaneous collapse of the widened structure. At this point, the extra-wide components will experience severe displacement or fall due to unbalanced support. Especially when transporting components such as wind turbine foundations and bridge piers made of concrete, which have low tensile strength and are brittle, they are prone to structural cracks under sudden impacts. The exposed steel bars accelerate corrosion, and the damage is irreversible, directly leading to the scrapping of the components and even triggering a chain of safety accidents, causing significant economic losses, construction delays and environmental risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that existing technologies use pontoons to widen ships for transporting ultra-wide integral components. The top of the pontoons must be flush with the main deck, resulting in a large structural height, enormous volume, and significantly increased weight. The connection points between the pontoons and the hull are subjected to the combined stresses of buoyancy, periodic wave impacts, alternating bending moments from ship rolling, and dynamic cargo loads, making them high-risk areas for fatigue cracks. Insufficient design redundancy or construction defects can easily lead to connection failures, causing sudden breakage and detachment of the pontoons, resulting in the instantaneous collapse of the widened structure and damage to the transported components. This invention provides an externally tensioned, self-balancing, externally prestressed, lightweight bracket and its construction method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an externally tensioned self-balancing externally prestressed lightweight bracket, the bracket being cantilevered to both sides of a transport ship in the width direction, the bottom of the bracket being connected to a diagonal brace, the diagonal brace being connected to the side wall of the transport ship, the top of the bracket being used to support components, and the cantilever end of the bracket being connected to a prestressed cable, the prestress of the prestressed cable being configured to be balanced along the width direction of the transport ship and along the length direction of the transport ship.

[0007] The present invention employs an externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket to widen a transport ship by cantilevering the bracket. The cantilever ends of the bracket are supported by diagonal braces, and upward tensile stress is provided to the cantilever ends of the bracket by prestressed cables. This controls the vertical deformation of the cantilever ends of the bracket, reducing deformation at the edges of the components. The weight of the components is transferred to the transport ship through the bracket and diagonal braces. Compared to the pontoons used in existing technologies, the structural dimensions and weight of the bracket and diagonal braces are significantly smaller. They are unaffected by buoyancy, periodic wave impacts, and alternating bending moments caused by ship rolling. Furthermore, the prestressed cables form a self-balancing system, resulting in significant gains and greatly reducing the cost and safety risks of widening and modifying transport ships. This externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket has a simple structure, is easy to use, and exhibits excellent performance.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bracket adopts a steel truss frame, the bottom of which is connected to the diagonal brace and the deck of the transport ship; or, one end of the steel truss frame is used to connect to the side wall of the transport ship, the bottom of which is connected to the diagonal brace, and the top of which is flush with the deck of the transport ship.

[0009] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the bracket includes a first support beam and a second support beam. The first support beam is used to connect to the transport ship, and the second support beam extends along the first support beam. The top end of the second support beam and the first support beam are hinged together by a hinge, and the bottom end is detachably connected by a fastener.

[0010] This structural design allows the bracket to be folded, enhancing the transport vessel's navigation performance from the conversion shipyard to the component prefabrication plant.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the prestressed cable is arranged along the width direction of the transport ship, and the two ends of the prestressed cable are respectively connected to the cantilever ends of the brackets on both sides of the transport ship.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the externally tensioned self-balancing external prestressed lightweight bracket further includes a tower, which is used to connect to the top of the component at the center position, and the two ends of the prestressed cable are respectively connected to the tower and the cantilever end of the bracket.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket further includes several towers, which are used to connect to the deck of a transport ship and are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the transport ship. Each tower connects two prestressed cables, which are arranged in the same vertical plane. One prestressed cable has its two ends connected to the cantilever ends of the tower and the bracket, respectively, while the other prestressed cable has its two ends connected to the tower and the deck for anchoring to the transport ship, respectively. Alternatively, the tower connects three prestressed cables, where any two prestressed cables are not located in the same vertical plane. The first prestressed cable has its two ends connected to the cantilever ends of the tower and the bracket, respectively; the second prestressed cable has its two ends connected to the tower and the deck for anchoring to the transport ship, respectively; and the third prestressed cable has its two ends connected to two symmetrically arranged towers, respectively.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the diagonal brace includes a web and a plurality of first diagonal braces. The web is used to connect to the side wall of the transport ship, and the top end of the first diagonal brace is connected to the bottom of the bracket and the bottom end is connected to the web.

[0015] With this structural configuration, the load of all the first diagonal braces is uniformly transferred to the sidewalls of the transport ship through the web, reducing the load concentration force of a single first diagonal brace and enhancing the stability of the externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket.

[0016] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, the compartment of the transport ship connected to the inclined support frame is provided with a reinforcing structure.

[0017] Secondly, the present invention also provides a construction method for an externally tensioned self-balancing externally prestressed lightweight bracket as described in any of the above claims, comprising the following steps: S1. Install the diagonal bracing on both sidewalls in the width direction of the transport ship; S2. The brackets are installed on both sides of the transport ship in the width direction. The brackets are cantilevered outward from the hull of the transport ship and are connected to the diagonal bracing. S3. Connect the prestressed cable to the cantilever end of the bracket; S4. Tensioning the prestressed cables generates prestress, balancing the prestress along the width and length of the transport ship.

[0018] The construction method of the externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket described in this invention widens the transport ship by cantilevering the bracket, supports the cantilever end of the bracket by the diagonal bracing, and provides upward tensile stress to the cantilever end of the bracket by the prestressed cables, controlling the vertical deformation of the cantilever end of the bracket and reducing deformation at the edge of the component. The weight of the component is transferred to the transport ship through the bracket and the diagonal bracing. Compared with the floating boxes used in the prior art, the structural size and weight of the bracket and the diagonal bracing are significantly smaller, and it is not affected by buoyancy, periodic wave impact, alternating bending moment generated by ship rolling, etc. The prestressed cables form a self-balancing system, which has significant gains and greatly reduces the cost and safety risks of widening and modifying the transport ship. The construction method of this externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket is simple, easy to operate, and has good results.

[0019] Thirdly, the present invention also provides a transport vessel including an externally tensioned self-balancing externally prestressed lightweight bracket as described in any of the above claims.

[0020] The transport ship described in this invention features a lightweight combination of the bracket, the diagonal brace, and the prestressed cable, requiring minimal modifications to the overall transport ship, making retrofitting easy, and offering high cost-effectiveness.

[0021] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention discloses an externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket and its construction method. The bracket is used to widen a transport ship by cantilevering, and the cantilever ends of the bracket are supported by diagonal braces. Prestressed cables provide upward tensile stress to the cantilever ends of the bracket, controlling the vertical deformation of the cantilever ends and reducing deformation at the edges of the components. The weight of the components is transferred to the transport ship through the bracket and diagonal braces. Compared to the pontoons used in the prior art, the structural dimensions and weight of the bracket and diagonal braces are significantly smaller, and they are unaffected by buoyancy, periodic wave impacts, and alternating bending moments caused by ship rolling. Furthermore, the prestressed cables form a self-balancing system, resulting in significant gains and greatly reducing the cost and safety risks of widening and modifying transport ships. This externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket has a simple structure, is easy to use, and has good performance. 2. The transport ship described in this invention features a lightweight combination of the bracket, the diagonal brace, and the prestressed cable, which requires minimal modification to the overall transport ship, is easy to retrofit, and has a high cost-effectiveness ratio. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar arrangement of the bracket in Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation layout of the bracket in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation structure of the bracket in Example 1; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation structure of the bracket in Example 2; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planar arrangement of the bracket in Example 3; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation layout of the bracket in Example 3; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the planar arrangement of the bracket in Example 4; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the elevation layout of the bracket in Example 4.

[0023] Marked in the image: 01-Transport ship, 02-Component; 1-Bracket, 11-First support beam, 12-Second support beam, 13-Hinge, 14-Fixed component, 15-Tower, 16-Bottom beam; 2-Diagonal brace, 21-First diagonal brace, 22-Web plate, 23-Cantilever plate, 24-Connecting rod; 3-Prestressed cables; 4- Fixed pulley; 5-Anchors; 6-End connector; 7-Second diagonal brace; 8-Tie bar. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to experimental examples and specific embodiments. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the above-mentioned subject matter of the present invention to the following embodiments; all technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0025] Unless otherwise specified, the use of terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "center," "inner," and "outer" to indicate orientation or positional relationships in the description of specific embodiments of the present invention is based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product / equipment / device is typically placed during use. These terms are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention or simplifying the description in specific embodiments, enabling those skilled in the art to quickly understand the solution, and do not indicate or imply that a particular device / component / element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0026] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," and "parallel" does not imply that the corresponding device / component / element must be absolutely horizontal, vertical, suspended, or parallel, but rather that it can be slightly tilted or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but that it can be slightly tilted. Alternatively, it can be simplified to mean that the corresponding device / component / element, when set in a "horizontal," "vertical," "suspended," or "parallel" direction, can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, and more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the present invention.

[0027] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first," "second," and "third" in terminology is merely for distinguishing descriptions of identical or similar components and should not be interpreted as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a particular component.

[0028] Furthermore, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "more than", and "a number of" represent at least two. The number can be any number, such as two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine, and can even exceed nine.

[0029] Furthermore, in the description of the technical solution of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified / limited / restricted, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," "link," "provided with," "laid out," and "arranged" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to common connection methods in the art, such as welding, riveting, bolting, and threaded connections. Such connections can be mechanical, electrical, or communication connections; they can be direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components.

[0030] In related technologies, when transporting ultra-large integral components exceeding the width of the ship by temporarily widening the deck by adding auxiliary pontoons to both sides of the hull, the top of the added pontoons must be flush with the main deck, resulting in a large structural height, huge volume, and significantly increased self-weight. This not only raises the ship's center of gravity, affecting stability, but also increases navigation resistance and fuel consumption. At the same time, the connection nodes between the pontoons and the hull (welded or high-strength bolts) are subjected to the combined stress of buoyancy, periodic wave impact, alternating bending moment generated by ship rolling, and dynamic loads of cargo over a long period of time, becoming high-risk areas for fatigue cracks. Insufficient design redundancy or construction defects can easily lead to connection failure, causing the pontoons to suddenly break and fall, causing the widened structure to collapse instantly. The ultra-wide components will undergo violent displacement or fall due to support imbalance. Especially when the transported objects are components such as wind turbine foundations and bridge piers made of concrete, their tensile strength is low and their brittleness is significant. Under sudden impact, they are very prone to structural cracks, and the exposed steel bars accelerate corrosion. The damage is irreversible, directly leading to the scrapping of the components, and even triggering a chain of safety accidents, causing significant economic losses, project delays, and environmental risks. Especially for offshore floating concrete wind turbine foundations, since they cannot be constructed on-site and are prefabricated in factories, they are then transported to the installation location by transport ships. Floating concrete wind turbine foundations are large in size and weight, reaching over 20,000 tons, with a height of approximately 40 meters and a width exceeding 100 meters. This width exceeds that of typical transport ships, requiring widening of the transport vessels. Therefore, the technical solution of this application was developed, which is described below in conjunction with… Figures 1 to 8 To elaborate.

[0031] In a first aspect, this embodiment provides an externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket. The bracket 1 is used to cantileverly connect to both sides of the transport ship 01 in the width direction. The bottom of the bracket 1 is connected to a diagonal brace 2, which is used to connect to the side wall of the transport ship 01. The top of the bracket 1 is used to support the component 02. The cantilever end of the bracket 1 is connected to a prestressed cable 3. The prestress of the prestressed cable 3 is configured to be balanced along the width direction of the transport ship 01 and along the length direction of the transport ship 01.

[0032] This embodiment describes an externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket. The bracket 1 is cantilevered to widen the transport vessel 01. The cantilever ends of the bracket 1 are supported by diagonal braces 2, and the prestressed cables 3 provide upward tensile stress to the cantilever ends of the bracket 1, controlling the vertical deformation of the cantilever ends and reducing deformation at the edges of component 02. The weight of component 02 is transferred to the transport vessel 01 through the bracket 1 and diagonal braces 2. Compared to the pontoons used in existing technologies, the structural dimensions and weight of the bracket 1 and diagonal braces 2 are significantly smaller. They are unaffected by buoyancy, periodic wave impacts, and alternating bending moments caused by ship rolling. Furthermore, the prestressed cables 3 form a self-balancing system, resulting in significant gains and greatly reducing the cost and safety risks of widening the transport vessel 01. This externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket has a simple structure, is easy to use, and performs well.

[0033] In some alternative embodiments, the bracket 1 is a steel truss frame, the bottom of which is connected to the diagonal brace 2 and the deck of the transport ship 01; or, one end of the steel truss frame is used to connect to the side wall of the transport ship 01, the bottom of which is connected to the diagonal brace 2, and the top of which is flush with the deck of the transport ship 01.

[0034] In some optional embodiments, the bracket 1 includes a first support beam 11 and a second support beam 12. The first support beam 11 is used to connect the transport vessel 01, and the second support beam 12 extends along the first support beam 11. The top end of the connection between the second support beam 12 and the first support beam 11 is hinged by a hinge 13, and the bottom end is detachably connected by a fastener 14. This structural arrangement allows the bracket 1 to be folded, enhancing the navigation performance of the transport vessel 01 from the ship conversion yard to the component prefabrication plant 02.

[0035] In some alternative embodiments, the prestressed cable 3 is arranged along the width direction of the transport vessel 01, and the two ends of the prestressed cable 3 are respectively connected to the cantilever ends of the bracket 1 on both sides of the transport vessel 01.

[0036] In some alternative embodiments, the externally tensioned self-balancing external prestressed lightweight bracket further includes a tower 15, which is used to connect to the top of the component 02 at its center position, and the two ends of the prestressed cable 3 are respectively connected to the tower 15 and the cantilever end of the bracket 1.

[0037] In some optional embodiments, the externally tensioned self-balancing externally prestressed lightweight bracket further includes several towers 15, which are used to connect to the deck of the transport ship 01. The towers 15 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the transport ship 01. Each tower 15 connects two prestressed cables 3, which are arranged in the same vertical plane. One of the prestressed cables 3 is connected at both ends to the cantilever ends of the tower 15 and the bracket 1, respectively, while the other prestressed cable 3 is connected at both ends to... The tower 15 is connected to the deck for anchoring to the transport ship 01; or, the tower 15 is connected to three prestressed cables 3, wherein any two prestressed cables 3 are not located in the same vertical plane, the two ends of the first prestressed cable 3 are respectively connected to the cantilever end of the tower 15 and the bracket 1, the two ends of the second prestressed cable 3 are respectively connected to the tower 15 and the deck for anchoring to the transport ship 01, and the two ends of the third prestressed cable 3 are respectively connected to two symmetrically arranged towers 15.

[0038] In some optional embodiments, the diagonal bracing 2 includes a web 22 and a plurality of first diagonal bracing rods 21. The web 22 is used to connect to the side wall of the transport vessel 01, and the top end of each first diagonal bracing rod 21 is connected to the bottom of the bracket 1, and the bottom end is connected to the web 22. With this structural arrangement, the load of all the first diagonal bracing rods 21 is uniformly transferred to the side wall of the transport vessel 01 by the web 22, reducing the load concentration force of a single first diagonal bracing rod 21 and enhancing the stability of the externally tensioned self-balancing externally prestressed lightweight bracket.

[0039] In some alternative embodiments, the compartment of the transport ship 01 connected to the diagonal brace 2 is provided with a reinforcing structure.

[0040] Secondly, this embodiment also provides a construction method for an externally tensioned self-balancing externally prestressed lightweight bracket as described in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps: S1. Install the diagonal bracing 2 on both side walls in the width direction of the transport ship 01; S2. The bracket 1 is installed on both sides of the transport ship 01 in the width direction. The bracket 1 is cantilevered outward from the hull of the transport ship 01 and the bracket 1 is connected to the diagonal brace 2. S3. Connect the prestressed cable 3 to the cantilever end of the bracket 1; S4. Tensioning the prestressed cable 3 generates prestress, balancing the prestress along the width and length of the transport ship 01.

[0041] This embodiment describes a construction method for an externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket. The bracket 1 is cantilevered to widen the transport vessel 01. The cantilever end of the bracket 1 is supported by the diagonal bracing 2. The prestressed cables 3 provide upward tensile stress to the cantilever end of the bracket 1, controlling the vertical deformation of the cantilever end and reducing deformation at the edge of component 02. The weight of component 02 is transferred to the transport vessel 01 through the bracket 1 and the diagonal bracing 2. Compared to the pontoons used in existing technologies, the structural dimensions and weight of the bracket 1 and diagonal bracing 2 are significantly smaller. They are unaffected by buoyancy, periodic wave impacts, and alternating bending moments caused by ship rolling. Furthermore, the prestressed cables 3 form a self-balancing system, resulting in significant gains and greatly reducing the widening and modification costs and safety risks of the transport vessel 01. This construction method for the externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket is simple, easy to operate, and effective.

[0042] Thirdly, this embodiment also provides a transport vessel, including an externally tensioned self-balancing externally prestressed lightweight bracket as described in any of the above.

[0043] The transport ship described in this embodiment features a lightweight combination of the bracket 1, the diagonal brace 2, and the prestressed cable 3, resulting in minimal overall modification to the transport ship 01, easy retrofitting, and a high cost-effectiveness ratio.

[0044] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention discloses an externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket. The bracket 1 is used to cantileverly connect to both sides of the transport ship 01 in the width direction. The bottom of the bracket 1 is connected to a diagonal brace 2, which is used to connect to the side wall of the transport ship 01. The top of the bracket 1 is used to support the component 02. The cantilever end of the bracket 1 is connected to a prestressed cable 3. The prestress of the prestressed cable 3 is configured to be balanced along the width direction of the transport ship 01 and along the length direction of the transport ship 01.

[0045] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the planar shape of component 02 is triangular. Component 02 is symmetrically arranged along the axis of the transport vessel 01. Two corners of component 02 extend beyond the width of the transport vessel 01. The brackets 1 are correspondingly installed at these two corners for support. Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the bracket 1 is used to connect to the deck of the transport ship 01, which means it is raised. Therefore, the component 02 is raised accordingly in the projection area of ​​the deck (this part is not shown in the figure) so that the component 02 is placed horizontally.

[0046] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 3As shown, the bracket 1 adopts a steel truss frame, and the bottom of the steel truss frame is connected to the diagonal brace 2 and the deck of the transport ship 01.

[0047] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the prestressed cable 3 is installed along the width direction of the transport ship 01. The two ends of the prestressed cable 3 are respectively connected to the cantilever ends of the bracket 1 on both sides of the transport ship 01. That is, the prestressed cable 3 is continuously tensioned and anchored to the cantilever ends of the bracket 1. The prestressed cable 3 achieves self-balance in the width direction of the transport ship 01. The prestressed cable 3 has no component force in the length direction of the transport ship 01 and is also balanced.

[0048] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the bracket 1 extends relative to the inclined support 2. The upper part of the bracket 1 corresponding to the cantilever end of the inclined support 2 is provided with a fixed pulley 4. The prestressed cable 3, which is horizontally positioned at the hull position of the transport ship 01, passes around the fixed pulley 4 and is inclined downward to connect to the lower part of the bracket 1. The end of the prestressed cable 3 is anchored to the lower part of the bracket 1 by an anchor 5.

[0049] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the end of the bracket 1 facing the hull of the transport ship 01 is connected to the deck of the transport ship 01 via an end connector 6. The end connector 6 can be a steel rib structure or a steel rod structure.

[0050] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the diagonal bracing frame 2 includes a web 22, a cantilever plate 23, several first diagonal braces 21, and several connecting rods 24. The web 22 is connected to the side wall of the transport ship 01. The cantilever plate 23 is connected to the bottom of the bracket 1. The top end of each first diagonal brace 21 is connected to the cantilever plate 23, and the bottom end is connected to the web 22. Adjacent first diagonal braces 21 are connected by connecting rods 24, and all connecting rods 24 are located in a straight line. With this structural arrangement, the load of the bracket 1 is uniformly transferred to all first diagonal braces 21 through the cantilever plate 23, and the load of all first diagonal braces 21 is uniformly transferred to the side wall of the transport ship 01 through the web 22. This reduces the load concentration force of a single first diagonal brace 21, and the connecting rods 24 enhance the overall integrity of the first diagonal braces 21, thereby enhancing the stability of the externally tensioned self-balancing externally prestressed lightweight bracket.

[0051] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 3As shown, the cargo hold of transport ship 01 connected to the diagonal brace 2 has a reinforcing structure. This reinforcing structure includes a second diagonal brace 7. One end of the second diagonal brace 7 is connected to the inner wall of the cargo hold of transport ship 01 corresponding to the bottom end of the web 22, and the other end is connected to the junction of the cargo hold bulkhead and the inner wall of the ship's bottom. This structural arrangement reduces the concentrated stress on the sidewalls of transport ship 01 and minimizes its deformation by using the second diagonal brace 7.

[0052] This embodiment describes an externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket. The bracket 1 is cantilevered to widen the transport vessel 01. The cantilever end of the bracket 1 is supported by diagonal bracing 2, and the prestressed cables 3 provide upward tensile stress to the cantilever end of the bracket 1, controlling the vertical deformation of the cantilever end and reducing deformation at the edge of component 02. The weight of component 02 is transferred to the transport vessel 01 through the bracket 1 and diagonal bracing 2. Compared to the pontoons used in existing technologies, the structural dimensions and weight of the bracket 1 and diagonal bracing 2 are significantly smaller. They are unaffected by buoyancy, periodic wave impacts, and alternating bending moments caused by ship rolling. Furthermore, the prestressed cables 3 form a self-balancing system, resulting in significant gains and greatly reducing the cost and safety risks of widening the transport vessel 01. This externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket has a simple structure, is easy to use, and performs well.

[0053] Example 2 like Figure 4 As shown, the lightweight externally prestressed bracket of the present invention differs from that of Embodiment 1 in that, in this embodiment, the bracket 1 adopts a steel truss frame, one end of the steel truss frame is used to connect to the side wall of the transport ship 01, the bottom of the steel truss frame is connected to the diagonal brace 2, and the top of the steel truss frame is flush with the deck of the transport ship 01.

[0054] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the bracket 1 includes a first support beam 11 and a second support beam 12. The first support beam 11 is used to connect the transport vessel 01. The second support beam 12 extends along the first support beam 11. The top end of the connection between the second support beam 12 and the first support beam 11 is hinged by a hinge 13, and the bottom end is detachably connected by a fastener 14. This structural arrangement allows the bracket 1 to be folded, enhancing the navigation performance of the transport vessel 01 from the ship conversion yard to the component prefabrication plant 02.

[0055] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 4As shown, a fixed pulley 4 is provided on the top of the first beam support frame 11 corresponding to the side wall of the transport ship 01. The prestressed cable 3, which is horizontally positioned at the hull position of the transport ship 01, passes around the fixed pulley 4 and is inclined downward to connect to the middle of the second beam support frame 12. The end of the prestressed cable 3 is anchored to the middle of the second beam support frame 12 by anchor 5.

[0056] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the diagonal bracing frame 2 includes a web 22, several first diagonal braces 21, and several connecting rods 24. The web 22 is used to connect to the side wall of the transport ship 01. The top end of each first diagonal brace 21 is connected to the bottom of the first support beam 11, and the bottom end is connected to the web 22. Adjacent first diagonal braces 21 are connected by the connecting rods 24, and all the connecting rods 24 are located in a straight line. With this structural arrangement, the load of the bracket 1 is uniformly transferred to all the first diagonal braces 21 through the bottom of the first support beam 11, and the load of all the first diagonal braces 21 is uniformly transferred to the side wall of the transport ship 01 by the web 22. This reduces the load concentration force of a single first diagonal brace 21, and the connecting rods 24 enhance the overall integrity of the first diagonal braces 21, thereby enhancing the stability of the externally tensioned self-balancing externally prestressed lightweight bracket.

[0057] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the cargo hold of transport ship 01 connected to the diagonal brace 2 has a reinforcing structure. This reinforcing structure includes a second diagonal brace 7 and a tie rod 8. One end of the second diagonal brace 7 is connected to the inner wall of the cargo hold of transport ship 01 corresponding to the bottom end of the web 22, and the other end is connected to the junction of the cargo hold bulkhead and the inner wall of the bottom of the cargo hold. One end of the tie rod 8 is connected to the inner wall of the cargo hold of transport ship 01 corresponding to the top end of the web 22, and the other end is connected to the junction of the cargo hold bulkhead and the bottom of the deck of transport ship 01. This structural arrangement reduces the concentrated stress on the sidewalls of transport ship 01 and minimizes its deformation by using the second diagonal brace 7 and the tie rod 8.

[0058] This embodiment describes an externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket. The bracket 1 is cantilevered to widen the transport vessel 01. The cantilever end of the bracket 1 is supported by diagonal bracing 2, and the prestressed cables 3 provide upward tensile stress to the cantilever end of the bracket 1, controlling the vertical deformation of the cantilever end and reducing deformation at the edge of component 02. The weight of component 02 is transferred to the transport vessel 01 through the bracket 1 and diagonal bracing 2. Compared to the pontoons used in existing technologies, the structural dimensions and weight of the bracket 1 and diagonal bracing 2 are significantly smaller. They are unaffected by buoyancy, periodic wave impacts, and alternating bending moments caused by ship rolling. Furthermore, the prestressed cables 3 form a self-balancing system, resulting in significant gains and greatly reducing the cost and safety risks of widening the transport vessel 01. This externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket has a simple structure, is easy to use, and performs well.

[0059] Example 3 like Figures 5 to 6 As shown, the lightweight external prestressed bracket of the present invention differs from that of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2 in that, in this embodiment, the lightweight external prestressed bracket further includes a tower 15.

[0060] like Figure 6 As shown, the tower 15 is used to connect to the top of the center position of the component 02, and the two ends of the prestressed cable 3 are respectively connected to the cantilever end of the tower 15 and the bracket 1.

[0061] In some alternative implementations, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the lower part of the bracket 1 is connected to the bottom beam 16. Three sets of prestressed cables 3 are pulled from the top of the central tower 15 toward the three corners of the triangular component 02. Each set of prestressed cables 3 consists of two cables. The two prestressed cables 3 extending beyond the corners of the hull of the transport ship 01 are connected to the two ends of the bottom beam 16, and the two prestressed cables 3 located at the corners of the hull of the transport ship 01 are connected to the deck of the transport ship 01. Each set of prestressed cables 3 is symmetrically arranged, and the prestress along the width and length directions of the transport ship 01 is balanced by tensioning.

[0062] This embodiment describes an externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket. The bracket 1 is cantilevered to widen the transport vessel 01. The cantilever end of the bracket 1 is supported by diagonal bracing 2, and the prestressed cables 3 provide upward tensile stress to the cantilever end of the bracket 1, controlling the vertical deformation of the cantilever end and reducing deformation at the edge of component 02. The weight of component 02 is transferred to the transport vessel 01 through the bracket 1 and diagonal bracing 2. Compared to the pontoons used in existing technologies, the structural dimensions and weight of the bracket 1 and diagonal bracing 2 are significantly smaller. They are unaffected by buoyancy, periodic wave impacts, and alternating bending moments caused by ship rolling. Furthermore, the prestressed cables 3 form a self-balancing system, resulting in significant gains and greatly reducing the cost and safety risks of widening the transport vessel 01. This externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket has a simple structure, is easy to use, and performs well.

[0063] Example 4 like Figures 7 to 8 As shown, the lightweight external prestressed bracket of the present invention differs from any of Embodiments 1 to 3 in that, in this embodiment, the lightweight external prestressed bracket further includes a plurality of towers 15.

[0064] like Figure 7 As shown, the tower 15 is used to connect to the deck of the transport ship 01, and the tower 15 is symmetrically arranged along the axis of the transport ship 01.

[0065] Please participate Figure 7 The right half of the tower 15 is connected to two prestressed cables 3. The two prestressed cables 3 are arranged in the same vertical plane. The two ends of one prestressed cable 3 are respectively connected to the cantilever end of the tower 15 and the bracket 1, and the two ends of the other prestressed cable 3 are respectively connected to the tower 15 and the deck for anchoring to the transport ship 01.

[0066] Please participate Figure 7 The left half and Figure 8 The tower 15 is connected to three prestressed cables 3. Any two prestressed cables 3 are not located in the same vertical plane. The two ends of the first prestressed cable 3 are respectively connected to the cantilever end of the tower 15 and the bracket 1. The two ends of the second prestressed cable 3 are respectively connected to the tower 15 and the deck for anchoring to the transport ship 01. The two ends of the third prestressed cable 3 are respectively connected to two symmetrically arranged towers 15.

[0067] The prestressed system formed by the prestressed cables 3 is tensioned to balance the prestress along the width and length of the transport ship 01.

[0068] This embodiment describes an externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket. The bracket 1 is cantilevered to widen the transport vessel 01. The cantilever end of the bracket 1 is supported by diagonal bracing 2, and the prestressed cables 3 provide upward tensile stress to the cantilever end of the bracket 1, controlling the vertical deformation of the cantilever end and reducing deformation at the edge of component 02. The weight of component 02 is transferred to the transport vessel 01 through the bracket 1 and diagonal bracing 2. Compared to the pontoons used in existing technologies, the structural dimensions and weight of the bracket 1 and diagonal bracing 2 are significantly smaller. They are unaffected by buoyancy, periodic wave impacts, and alternating bending moments caused by ship rolling. Furthermore, the prestressed cables 3 form a self-balancing system, resulting in significant gains and greatly reducing the cost and safety risks of widening the transport vessel 01. This externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket has a simple structure, is easy to use, and performs well.

[0069] Example 5 The construction method of the lightweight, externally prestressed bracket with self-balancing external tension as described in any one of Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. Fabricate the diagonal bracing frame 2 and install the diagonal bracing frame 2 on both side walls in the width direction of the transport ship 01.

[0070] S2. The bracket 1 is installed on both sides of the transport ship 01 in the width direction. The bracket 1 is cantilevered outward from the hull of the transport ship 01. The bracket 1 is connected to the diagonal brace 2 and extends beyond the cantilever end of the diagonal brace 2.

[0071] S3. Connect the prestressed cable 3 to the cantilever end of the bracket 1.

[0072] The cantilever ends of the bracket 1 are directly connected to both sides of the transport ship 01 in the width direction through the two ends of the prestressed cable 3.

[0073] Alternatively, a tower 15 may be connected to the top of the transport ship 01 deck or at the center of component 02, with one end of the prestressed cable 3 connected to the tower 15.

[0074] S4. Tensioning the prestressed cable 3 generates prestress, balancing the prestress along the width and length of the transport ship 01.

[0075] This embodiment describes a construction method for an externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket. The bracket 1 is cantilevered to widen the transport vessel 01. The cantilever end of the bracket 1 is supported by the diagonal bracing 2. The prestressed cables 3 provide upward tensile stress to the cantilever end of the bracket 1, controlling the vertical deformation of the cantilever end and reducing deformation at the edge of component 02. The weight of component 02 is transferred to the transport vessel 01 through the bracket 1 and the diagonal bracing 2. Compared to the pontoons used in existing technologies, the structural dimensions and weight of the bracket 1 and diagonal bracing 2 are significantly smaller. They are unaffected by buoyancy, periodic wave impacts, and alternating bending moments caused by ship rolling. Furthermore, the prestressed cables 3 form a self-balancing system, resulting in significant gains and greatly reducing the widening and modification costs and safety risks of the transport vessel 01. This construction method for the externally tensioned self-balancing prestressed lightweight bracket is simple, easy to operate, and effective.

[0076] Example 6 The present invention provides a transport vessel comprising an externally tensioned, self-balancing, externally prestressed, lightweight bracket as described in any one of Examples 1 to 4.

[0077] The transport ship described in this embodiment features a lightweight combination of the bracket 1, the diagonal brace 2, and the prestressed cable 3, resulting in minimal overall modification to the transport ship 01, easy retrofitting, and a high cost-effectiveness ratio.

[0078] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight, externally prestressed bracket with self-balancing external tension, characterized in that, The bracket (1) is used for cantilever connection to both sides of the transport ship (01) in the width direction. The bottom of the bracket (1) is connected to the diagonal brace (2), which is used to connect to the side wall of the transport ship (01). The top of the bracket (1) is used to support the component (02). The cantilever end of the bracket (1) is connected to the prestressed cable (3). The prestress of the prestressed cable (3) is configured to be balanced along the width direction of the transport ship (01) and along the length direction of the transport ship (01).

2. The lightweight, externally prestressed bracket with self-balancing external tension as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bracket (1) adopts a steel truss frame, and the bottom of the steel truss frame is connected to the diagonal brace (2) and the deck of the transport ship (01); Alternatively, one end of the steel truss frame is used to connect to the side wall of the transport ship (01), the bottom of the steel truss frame is connected to the diagonal brace (2), and the top of the steel truss frame is flush with the deck of the transport ship (01).

3. The lightweight, externally prestressed bracket with self-balancing external tension as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The bracket (1) includes a first support beam (11) and a second support beam (12). The first support beam (11) is used to connect the transport ship (01). The second support beam (12) is extended along the first support beam (11). The top end of the connection between the second support beam (12) and the first support beam (11) is hinged by a hinge (13), and the bottom end is detachably connected by a fastener (14).

4. The lightweight, externally prestressed bracket with self-balancing external tension as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The prestressed cable (3) is arranged along the width direction of the transport ship (01), and the two ends of the prestressed cable (3) are respectively connected to the cantilever ends of the bracket (1) on both sides of the transport ship (01).

5. The lightweight, externally prestressed bracket with self-balancing external tension as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a tower (15) for connection to the top of the center position of the component (02), and the two ends of the prestressed cable (3) are respectively connected to the tower (15) and the cantilever end of the bracket (1).

6. The lightweight, externally prestressed bracket with self-balancing external tension as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes several towers (15) for connecting to the deck of the transport ship (01), and the towers (15) are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the transport ship (01); The tower (15) connects two prestressed cables (3), which are arranged in the same vertical plane. One of the prestressed cables (3) is connected at both ends to the tower (15) and the cantilever end of the bracket (1), respectively. The other prestressed cable (3) is connected at both ends to the tower (15) and the deck for anchoring to the transport ship (01). Alternatively, the tower (15) is connected to three prestressed cables (3), with any two prestressed cables (3) not located in the same vertical plane. The two ends of the first prestressed cable (3) are respectively connected to the tower (15) and the cantilever end of the bracket (1), the two ends of the second prestressed cable (3) are respectively connected to the tower (15) and the deck for anchoring to the transport ship (01), and the two ends of the third prestressed cable (3) are respectively connected to two symmetrically arranged towers (15).

7. The lightweight, externally prestressed bracket with self-balancing external tension according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The diagonal bracing frame (2) includes a web (22) and a plurality of first diagonal bracing rods (21). The web (22) is used to connect to the side wall of the transport ship (01). The top end of the first diagonal bracing rod (21) is connected to the bottom of the bracket (1), and the bottom end is connected to the web (22).

8. The lightweight, externally prestressed bracket with self-balancing external tension as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The cargo ship (01) has a reinforced structure inside the compartment where it connects to the diagonal brace (2).

9. A construction method for an externally tensioned, self-balancing, externally prestressed, lightweight bracket as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install the diagonal bracing (2) on both side walls in the width direction of the transport ship (01); S2. The brackets (1) are installed on both sides of the transport ship (01) in the width direction. The brackets (1) are cantilevered outward from the hull of the transport ship (01). The brackets (1) are connected to the diagonal bracing (2). S3. Connect the prestressed cable (3) to the cantilever end of the bracket (1); S4. Tensioning the prestressed cable (3) generates prestress, so that the prestress along the width and length of the transport ship (01) is balanced.

10. A transport ship, characterized in that, Includes the externally tensioned self-balancing externally prestressed lightweight bracket as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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