A nine-way valve-based whole vehicle thermal management system and method for an electric vehicle

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on nine valve electric vehicle whole vehicle thermal management system and method, the system with R290 as heat pump circulation loop refrigerant, cold side three-way valve alternatively or simultaneously connect cold air core circuit and low-temperature cold carrier liquid circuit, hot side three-way valve alternatively or simultaneously connect warm air core circuit and high-temperature cold carrier liquid circuit;Cold air core circuit and warm air core circuit are respectively coupled with heat pump circulation loop by evaporator and condenser;Cold air core circuit and warm air core circuit are respectively coupled with passenger cabin loop by cold air core and warm air core;Nine valve can be transported to battery circuit, motor electric control main circuit or motor electric control subcircuit by switching of connection mode, high-temperature cold carrier liquid is transported to battery circuit, motor electric control main circuit or motor electric control subcircuit.The application realizes the simplification of control logic, mode switching flexible and reliable and the improvement of full-condition energy utilization efficiency under the premise of system safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a thermal management system and method for electric vehicles, specifically to a thermal management system and method for electric vehicles based on a nine-way valve. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization and development of new energy electric vehicles, the importance of their thermal management systems is becoming increasingly prominent. Electric vehicle thermal management systems need to coordinate the management of multiple components, including the battery, motor, electronic control system, and passenger compartment, to ensure vehicle safety, driving range, and passenger comfort. Compared to gasoline vehicles, electric vehicles have more dispersed heat sources, more diverse thermal management needs (requiring both cooling and heating), and are extremely sensitive to energy consumption. Therefore, building a highly integrated, energy-efficient, and flexible thermal management system has become a key point of technological competition in the industry.

[0003] Currently, electric vehicle thermal management systems primarily employ an architecture based on multi-way valves (such as four-way, eight-way, nine-way, and twelve-way valves) and multiple water pumps, solenoid valves, and heat exchangers. Cooling or heating cycles for different components are achieved through reconfiguration of piping. Some solutions directly integrate the refrigerant circulation into the multi-way valve piping or utilize direct heat exchange. This type of architecture presents significant safety risks when applied to R290 heat pump systems: due to the multiple connection points and piping involved in the refrigerant circulation loop, the risk of R290 leakage increases accordingly, while also imposing stricter restrictions on the R290 charge quantity. As R290 is a flammable refrigerant, its charge quantity is limited, and leakage can easily lead to combustion and explosion accidents. Therefore, the aforementioned direct heat exchange architecture is insufficient to meet the safety requirements for automotive applications.

[0004] Other solutions employ an indirect heat pump architecture, but the division of thermal management system modules remains unclear, leading to chaotic system operation modes, low energy distribution efficiency, and insufficient comprehensive utilization of heat, making it difficult to achieve efficient and precise temperature management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The present invention aims to overcome the safety defects of existing electric vehicle thermal management systems when using R290 refrigerant, as well as the problems of unclear modular division and low energy utilization efficiency in the existing nine-way valve architecture, and to provide a high-safety, clearly modular, and highly integrated electric vehicle thermal management system and method based on a nine-way valve.

[0006] Technical solution: The present invention provides a thermal management system for an electric vehicle based on a nine-way valve, comprising a main motor control circuit, a secondary motor control circuit, a battery circuit, a passenger compartment circuit, a cold air core circuit, a low-temperature coolant circuit, a warm air core circuit, a high-temperature coolant circuit, a heat pump circulation circuit, a cold-side three-way valve, a hot-side three-way valve, and a nine-way valve; the heat pump circulation circuit uses R290 as the refrigerant.

[0007] The nine-way valve has six different connection modes:

[0008] Connection method 1: Connect port 1 and port 7 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 6 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 9 of the nine-way valve, connect port 5 and port 8 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports.

[0009] Connection method 2: Connect port 1 and port 9 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 8 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 7 of the nine-way valve, connect port 5 and port 6 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports.

[0010] Connection method 3: Connect port 2 and port 9 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 8 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 7 of the nine-way valve, connect port 5 and port 6 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports;

[0011] Connection method four: Connect port 1 and port 7 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 6 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 5 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports;

[0012] Connection method 5: Connect port 1 and port 9 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 8 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 5 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports;

[0013] Connection method six: Connect port 2 and port 9 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 8 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 5 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports;

[0014] The main circuit of the motor control system is connected to ports 1 and 3 of a nine-way valve, respectively, for heat exchange between the coolant and the outdoor environment and the motor control assembly. The secondary circuit of the motor control system is connected to ports 2 and 3 of a nine-way valve, respectively, for heat exchange between the coolant and the motor control assembly. The battery circuit is connected to ports 4 and 5 of a nine-way valve, respectively, for heat exchange between the coolant and the battery pack liquid cooling assembly, achieving temperature control or equalization of the battery. The passenger compartment circuit has a cold air core and a warm air core. The cold air core is used for heat exchange between the air and the low-temperature coolant in the cold air core circuit to provide low-temperature air for the passenger compartment. The warm air core is used for heat exchange between the air and the high-temperature coolant in the warm air core circuit to provide high-temperature air for the passenger compartment.

[0015] The coolant in the cold air core circuit exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the heat pump circulation circuit through the evaporator to form a low-temperature coolant. Simultaneously, the inlet and first outlet of the cold-side three-way valve are connected to the cold air core circuit. The low-temperature coolant circuit is formed by adding a parallel cold air core pipeline to the cold air core circuit. This parallel cold air core pipeline includes a pipeline connecting port 9 of the nine-way valve and the second outlet of the cold-side three-way valve, and a pipeline connecting port 8 of the nine-way valve and the coolant outlet of the cold air core. The cold-side three-way valve can distribute the low-temperature coolant to the cold air core, port 9 of the nine-way valve, or both. By switching the connection mode of the nine-way valve, the low-temperature coolant can be delivered to the battery circuit, the main motor control circuit, or the auxiliary motor control circuit via port 9 of the nine-way valve.

[0016] The coolant in the heater core circuit exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the heat pump circulation circuit through the condenser to form a high-temperature coolant. Simultaneously, the inlet and first outlet of the hot-side three-way valve are connected to the heater core circuit. The high-temperature coolant circuit is formed by adding a parallel heating core pipeline to the heater core circuit. This parallel heating core pipeline includes a pipeline connecting port 7 of the nine-way valve and the second outlet of the hot-side three-way valve, and a pipeline connecting port 6 of the nine-way valve and the coolant outlet of the heater core. The hot-side three-way valve can distribute the high-temperature coolant to the heater core, port 7 of the nine-way valve, or both. By switching the connection mode of the nine-way valve, the high-temperature coolant can be delivered to the battery circuit, the main motor control circuit, or the auxiliary motor control circuit via port 7 of the nine-way valve.

[0017] By controlling the connection method of the cold-side three-way valve, the hot-side three-way valve, and the nine-way valve, different circuits can be formed, including the main circuit of motor control, the auxiliary circuit of motor control, the battery circuit, the cold air core circuit, the low-temperature coolant circuit, the warm air core circuit, and the high-temperature coolant circuit.

[0018] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts a single-cell cooling mode: the nine-way valve adopts connection mode one, the cold-side three-way valve connects to the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve connects to the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0019] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts a single-battery heating mode: the nine-way valve adopts the second connection method, the cold-side three-way valve connects to the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve connects to the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0020] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts a single-battery heating-only motor waste heat mode: the nine-way valve adopts connection mode three, the cold-side three-way valve connects to the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve connects to the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0021] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts a single passenger compartment cooling mode: the nine-way valve adopts connection mode four, the cold side three-way valve connects to the cold air core circuit, the hot side three-way valve connects to the high temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0022] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts a single passenger compartment heating mode: the nine-way valve adopts connection mode five, the cold side three-way valve connects to the low temperature coolant circuit, the hot side three-way valve connects to the heater core circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0023] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts a single passenger compartment heating - only using motor waste heat mode: the nine-way valve adopts connection mode six, the cold side three-way valve connects to the low temperature coolant circuit, the hot side three-way valve connects to the heater core circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0024] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts a dual cooling mode: the nine-way valve adopts the first connection mode, the cold side three-way valve simultaneously connects the cold air core circuit and the low temperature coolant circuit, the hot side three-way valve connects the high temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0025] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts a dual heating mode: the nine-way valve adopts the second connection mode, the cold side three-way valve connects to the low temperature coolant circuit, the hot side three-way valve connects to the heater core circuit and the high temperature coolant circuit at the same time, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0026] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts a dual heating mode - utilizing only the waste heat of the motor: the nine-way valve adopts the third connection method, the cold side three-way valve connects to the low temperature coolant circuit, the hot side three-way valve connects to the heater core circuit and the high temperature coolant circuit at the same time, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0027] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts a cooling-reheating defogging mode: the nine-way valve adopts connection mode four, the cold side three-way valve connects to the cold air core circuit, the hot side three-way valve simultaneously connects to the warm air core circuit and the high temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0028] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts the passenger compartment heating-battery cooling mode: the nine-way valve adopts the connection mode one, the cold side three-way valve connects to the low temperature coolant circuit, the hot side three-way valve connects to the heater core circuit and the high temperature coolant circuit at the same time, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0029] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts the passenger compartment dehumidification and heating-battery cooling mode: the nine-way valve adopts the first connection method, the cold side three-way valve simultaneously connects the cold air core circuit and the low temperature coolant circuit, the hot side three-way valve simultaneously connects the warm air core circuit and the high temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0030] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts the passenger compartment dehumidification and heating-battery heating mode: the nine-way valve adopts the second connection method, the cold side three-way valve simultaneously connects the cold air core circuit and the low temperature coolant circuit, the hot side three-way valve simultaneously connects the warm air core circuit and the high temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0031] The thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in this invention adopts the battery temperature equalization-motor cooling mode: the nine-way valve adopts the fourth connection mode, the cold air core circuit and the low temperature coolant circuit do not work, the hot side three-way valve connects the high temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit does not work.

[0032] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0033] This invention adopts an indirect heat pump architecture, which completely physically isolates the R290 refrigerant circuit from the coolant circuit, significantly reducing the risk of leakage. At the same time, it is the first time that a low-temperature coolant circuit and a high-temperature coolant circuit have been clearly distinguished in a nine-way valve system, and a modular energy generation-distribution-utilization system has been introduced. The heat pump circulation circuit is used as a unified heat source, and the nine-way valve and two three-way valves are used as the distribution center. The battery, motor and electronic control, and passenger compartment are treated as independent demand modules, so as to achieve on-demand, efficient and independent control of each module.

[0034] Through the above design, this invention achieves a significant simplification of control logic, flexible and reliable mode switching, and a significant improvement in energy utilization efficiency under all operating conditions, while fully ensuring system safety. It provides a safe and feasible solution for the large-scale application of R290 environmentally friendly refrigerant in the thermal management system of electric vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of six different connection methods of the nine-way valve in an embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is connection method one, (b) is connection method two, (c) is connection method three, (d) is connection method four, (e) is connection method five, and (f) is connection method six;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the single-battery cooling mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the single-battery heating mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the single-battery heating mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention, which utilizes only the waste heat of the motor.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the single-passenger compartment cooling mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the single-passenger compartment heating mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the single-passenger compartment heating mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention, which utilizes only the waste heat of the motor.

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the dual cooling mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the dual heating modes of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the dual heating mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention - utilizing only the waste heat of the motor;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cooling, reheating, and defogging mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the passenger compartment heating-battery cooling mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the passenger compartment dehumidification and heating-battery cooling mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the passenger compartment dehumidification and heating-battery heating mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the battery temperature equalization-motor cooling mode of the electric vehicle thermal management system in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Appendix Figures 1 to 16 The accompanying figure labels are as follows:

[0053] 112, Compressor; 113, Condenser; 114, Electronic Expansion Valve; 115, Evaporator; 116, Vapor-Liquid Separator; 117, PTC (Electric Heating Water Jacket); 118, First Water Pump; 119, Cold Air Core; 120, Cold Side Three-Way Valve; 121, Hot Side Three-Way Valve; 122, Warm Air Core; 123, Second Water Pump; 124, Nine-Way Valve; 125, Radiator Fan; 126, Radiator; 127, Motor and Electronic Control Assembly; 128, Third Water Pump; 129, Battery Pack Liquid Cooling Assembly; 130, Passenger Compartment.

[0054] Example 1: As Figure 1 As shown, Embodiment 1 provides a vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve, including a motor control main circuit, a motor control auxiliary circuit, a battery circuit, a passenger compartment circuit, a cold air core circuit, a low-temperature coolant circuit, a warm air core circuit, a high-temperature coolant circuit, a heat pump circulation circuit, a cold-side three-way valve 120, a hot-side three-way valve 121, and a nine-way valve 124.

[0055] like Figure 2 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 has six different connection modes:

[0056] Connection method 1: Connect ports 1 and 7 of the nine-way valve, ports 3 and 6 of the nine-way valve, ports 4 and 9 of the nine-way valve, and ports 5 and 8 of the nine-way valve; close the remaining ports.

[0057] Connection method 2: Connect ports 1 and 9 of the nine-way valve, ports 3 and 8 of the nine-way valve, ports 4 and 7 of the nine-way valve, ports 5 and 6 of the nine-way valve, and close the remaining ports.

[0058] Connection method 3: Connect ports 2 and 9 of the nine-way valve, connect ports 3 and 8 of the nine-way valve, connect ports 4 and 7 of the nine-way valve, connect ports 5 and 6 of the nine-way valve, and close the remaining ports.

[0059] Connection method four: Connect ports 1 and 7 of the nine-way valve, connect ports 3 and 6 of the nine-way valve, connect ports 4 and 5 of the nine-way valve, and close the remaining ports.

[0060] Connection method 5: Connect ports 1 and 9 of the nine-way valve, connect ports 3 and 8 of the nine-way valve, connect ports 4 and 5 of the nine-way valve, and close the remaining ports.

[0061] Connection method six: Connect port 2 and port 9 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 8 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 5 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports.

[0062] The two ends of the motor control main circuit are connected to port 1 and port 3 of the nine-way valve, respectively, for the coolant to exchange heat with the outdoor environment and the motor control assembly 127 in sequence.

[0063] The two ends of the motor control auxiliary circuit are connected to port 2 and port 3 of the nine-way valve, respectively, for heat exchange between the coolant and the motor control assembly 127.

[0064] The two ends of the battery circuit are connected to ports 4 and 5 of the nine-way valve, respectively, for heat exchange between the coolant and the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, so as to achieve temperature control or battery temperature equalization.

[0065] The crew compartment circuit has a cold air core 119 and a warm air core 122. The cold air core 119 is used for heat exchange between the air and the low-temperature coolant in the cold air core circuit to provide low-temperature air for the crew compartment 130. The warm air core 122 is used for heat exchange between the air and the high-temperature coolant in the warm air core circuit to provide high-temperature air for the crew compartment 130.

[0066] The coolant in the cold air core circuit exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the heat pump circulation circuit through the evaporator 115 to form a low-temperature coolant. At the same time, the inlet end and the first outlet end of the cold side three-way valve 120 are connected to the cold air core circuit.

[0067] The cryogenic coolant circuit is formed by adding a parallel cooling air core pipeline to the existing cooling air core circuit. This parallel cooling air core pipeline includes a pipeline connecting port 9 of the nine-way valve and the second outlet of the cold-side three-way valve 120, and a pipeline connecting port 8 of the nine-way valve and the coolant outlet of the cooling air core 119. The cold-side three-way valve 120 can distribute the cryogenic coolant to the cooling air core 119, port 9 of the nine-way valve, or simultaneously to both port 9 of the nine-way valve and the cooling air core 119. By switching the connection mode of the nine-way valve 124, the cryogenic coolant can be delivered to the battery circuit, the main motor control circuit, or the auxiliary motor control circuit via port 9 of the nine-way valve.

[0068] The coolant in the heating core circuit exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the heat pump circulation circuit through the condenser 113 to form a high-temperature coolant. At the same time, the inlet end and the first outlet end of the hot-side three-way valve 121 are connected to the heating core circuit.

[0069] The high-temperature coolant circuit is formed by adding a parallel heating core pipeline to the existing heating core circuit. This parallel heating core pipeline includes a pipeline connecting port 7 of the nine-way valve and the second outlet of the hot-side three-way valve 121, and a pipeline connecting port 6 of the nine-way valve and the coolant outlet of the heating core 122. The hot-side three-way valve 121 can distribute the high-temperature coolant to the heating core 122, port 7 of the nine-way valve, or both. By switching the connection mode of the nine-way valve 124, the high-temperature coolant can be delivered to the battery circuit, the main motor control circuit, or the auxiliary motor control circuit via port 7 of the nine-way valve.

[0070] By controlling the connection mode of the cold-side three-way valve 120, the hot-side three-way valve 121, and the nine-way valve 124, different circuits can be formed, including the main circuit of motor control, the auxiliary circuit of motor control, the battery circuit, the cold air core circuit, the low-temperature coolant circuit, the warm air core circuit, and the high-temperature coolant circuit.

[0071] The following is a detailed explanation of the structure of each circuit.

[0072] The main circuit for motor control is a loop consisting of the sequential connection of port 1 of the nine-way valve, radiator 126, motor control assembly 127, and port 3 of the nine-way valve. Radiator 126 is equipped with a radiator fan 125. In this main circuit, the coolant passes sequentially through port 1 of the nine-way valve, radiator 126, motor control assembly 127, and port 3 of the nine-way valve.

[0073] The motor control auxiliary circuit is a circuit consisting of the sequential connection of port 2 of the nine-way valve, the motor control assembly 127, and port 3 of the nine-way valve. In this motor control auxiliary circuit, the coolant passes sequentially through port 2 of the nine-way valve, the motor control assembly 127, and port 3 of the nine-way valve.

[0074] The battery circuit is a loop consisting of the 4th port of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, and the 5th port of the nine-way valve connected in sequence. In this battery circuit, the coolant passes through the 4th port of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, and the 5th port of the nine-way valve in sequence.

[0075] The crew compartment circuit uses the HVAC assembly in the crew compartment 130 to drive the air circulation flow, and the air passes through the cold air core 119, the warm air core 122, and the crew compartment 130 in sequence.

[0076] The cold air core circuit is a circuit consisting of the cold air core 119, the first water pump 118, the PTC 117, the evaporator 115, and the cold-side three-way valve 120 connected in sequence. The coolant passes through the first water pump 118, the PTC 117, the evaporator 115, and the cold-side three-way valve 120 in sequence before reaching the cold air core 119.

[0077] The low-temperature coolant circuit is formed by adding a parallel pipeline of the cold air core to the cold air core circuit, which will not be elaborated here.

[0078] The heating core circuit is a circuit consisting of the heating core 122, the second water pump 123, the condenser 113, and the hot-side three-way valve 121 connected in sequence. The coolant passes through the second water pump 123, the condenser 113, and the hot-side three-way valve 121 in sequence before reaching the heating core 122.

[0079] The high-temperature coolant circuit is formed by adding a parallel pipeline of the warm air core to the warm air core circuit, which will not be elaborated here.

[0080] The heat pump cycle loop is a loop consisting of compressor 112, condenser 113, electronic expansion valve 114, evaporator 115, and vapor-liquid separator 116 connected in sequence, using R290 as the refrigerant. The refrigerant is compressed and pressurized by compressor 112 into a high-temperature, high-pressure superheated gas, then condenses in condenser 113, releasing heat to the cooling liquid and becoming a high-pressure subcooled liquid. It then expands in electronic expansion valve 114 into a low-temperature, low-pressure subcooled liquid, and finally absorbs heat from the cooling liquid in evaporator 115 to become a low-temperature, low-pressure gas. Finally, it is drawn back into compressor 112 through vapor-liquid separator 116. This heat pump cycle loop is existing technology.

[0081] Example 2: Example 2 provides the thermal management method of the electric vehicle thermal management system based on the nine-way valve described in Example 1. By controlling the connection mode of the cold-side three-way valve 120, the hot-side three-way valve 121 and the nine-way valve 124, and configuring the heat pump circulation loop to work or not work, the electric vehicle thermal management system can realize up to 14 different operating modes. The following is a detailed description of these 14 different operating modes.

[0082] Operating Mode 1: Single-battery cooling mode, such as Figure 3 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts the first connection method, the cold-side three-way valve 120 connects to the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve 121 connects to the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0083] The low-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, the coolant side of the evaporator 115, the cold-side three-way valve 120, port 9 of the nine-way valve, port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, port 5 of the nine-way valve, port 8 of the nine-way valve, and the first water pump 118. The low-temperature side coolant releases heat and cools down in the evaporator 115, and absorbs heat and heats up in the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129.

[0084] The high-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the second water pump 123, the coolant side of the condenser 113, the hot-side three-way valve 121, port 7 of the nine-way valve, port 1 of the nine-way valve, the radiator 126, the motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, port 6 of the nine-way valve, and finally back to the second water pump 123. The high-temperature side coolant absorbs heat and heats up in the condenser 113, dissipates heat and cools down in the radiator 126, and then absorbs heat again and heats up through the motor and electronic control assembly 127.

[0085] Operating Mode 2: Single Battery Heating Mode, such as Figure 4 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts the second connection mode, the cold-side three-way valve 120 connects to the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve 121 connects to the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0086] The low-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, the coolant side of the evaporator 115, the cold-side three-way valve 120, port 9 of the nine-way valve, port 1 of the nine-way valve, the radiator 126, the motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, port 8 of the nine-way valve, and the first water pump 118. The low-temperature side coolant releases heat and cools down in the evaporator 115, and absorbs heat and warms up in the radiator 126 and the motor and electronic control assembly 127.

[0087] The high-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the second water pump 123, the coolant side of the condenser 113, the hot-side three-way valve 121, port 7 of the nine-way valve, port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, port 5 of the nine-way valve, port 6 of the nine-way valve, and finally back to the second water pump 123. The high-temperature side coolant absorbs heat and heats up in the condenser 113, and dissipates heat and cools down in the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129.

[0088] Operating Mode 3: Single Battery Heating - Utilizing only the waste heat from the motor, such as... Figure 5 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts connection mode three, the cold-side three-way valve 120 connects to the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve 121 connects to the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0089] The low-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, the coolant side of the evaporator 115, the cold-side three-way valve 120, port 9 of the nine-way valve, port 2 of the nine-way valve, the motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, port 8 of the nine-way valve, and the first water pump 118. The low-temperature side coolant releases heat and cools down in the evaporator 115, and absorbs heat and heats up in the motor and electronic control assembly 127.

[0090] The high-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the second water pump 123, the coolant side of the condenser 113, the hot-side three-way valve 121, port 7 of the nine-way valve, port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, port 5 of the nine-way valve, port 6 of the nine-way valve, and finally back to the second water pump 123. The high-temperature side coolant absorbs heat and heats up in the condenser 113, and dissipates heat and cools down in the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129.

[0091] Operating Mode 4: Single-occupant cabin cooling mode, such as Figure 6 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts connection mode four, the cold-side three-way valve 120 connects to the cold air core circuit, the hot-side three-way valve 121 connects to the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0092] The low-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, the coolant side of the evaporator 115, the cold-side three-way valve 120, the cold air core 119, and back to the first water pump 118. The low-temperature side coolant releases heat and cools down in the evaporator 115, and absorbs heat and warms up in the cold air core 119. Air blowed by the HVAC assembly fan in the passenger compartment 130 is cooled by heat exchange in the cold air core 119 and then delivered into the passenger compartment 130. The HVAC assembly refers to the automotive heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system, which includes a fan used to drive airflow.

[0093] The high-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the second water pump 123, the coolant side of the condenser 113, the hot-side three-way valve 121, port 7 of the nine-way valve, port 1 of the nine-way valve, the radiator 126, the motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, port 6 of the nine-way valve, and finally back to the second water pump 123. The high-temperature side coolant absorbs heat and heats up in the condenser 113, dissipates heat and cools down in the radiator 126, and then absorbs heat again and heats up through the motor and electronic control assembly 127.

[0094] In the battery circuit, the coolant passes through port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, and port 5 of the nine-way valve for internal self-circulation and temperature equalization.

[0095] Operating Mode 5: Single-occupant cabin heating mode, such as Figure 7 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts connection mode five, the cold-side three-way valve 120 connects to the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve 121 connects to the heating core circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0096] The low-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, the coolant side of the evaporator 115, the cold-side three-way valve 120, port 9 of the nine-way valve, port 1 of the nine-way valve, the radiator 126, the motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, port 8 of the nine-way valve, and the first water pump 118. The low-temperature side coolant releases heat and cools down in the evaporator 115, and absorbs heat and heats up in the radiator 126 and the motor and electronic control assembly 127.

[0097] The high-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the second water pump 123, the coolant side of the condenser 113, the hot-side three-way valve 121, the heater core 122, and back to the second water pump 123. The high-temperature side coolant absorbs heat and heats up in the condenser 113, then releases heat to the air and cools down in the heater core 122. The HVAC assembly fan blows air that, after heat exchange in the heater core 122, is heated to hot air and then delivered into the passenger compartment 130.

[0098] In the battery circuit, the coolant passes through port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, and port 5 of the nine-way valve for internal self-circulation and temperature equalization.

[0099] Operating Mode Six: Single-occupant cabin heating - utilizing only the waste heat from the motor, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts connection mode six, the cold-side three-way valve 120 connects to the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve 121 connects to the heating core circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0100] The low-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, the coolant side of the evaporator 115, the cold-side three-way valve 120, port 9 of the nine-way valve, port 2 of the nine-way valve, the motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, port 8 of the nine-way valve, and the first water pump 118. During this circulation process, the low-temperature side coolant releases heat and cools down in the evaporator 115, and absorbs heat and heats up in the motor and electronic control assembly 127.

[0101] The high-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the second water pump 123, the coolant side of the condenser 113, the hot-side three-way valve 121, the heater core 122, and the second water pump 123. The high-temperature side coolant absorbs heat and heats up in the condenser 113, then releases heat to the air and cools down in the heater core 122. The air blower in the HVAC assembly inside the passenger compartment 130 is heated to high temperature after heat exchange in the heater core 122 before being sent into the passenger compartment 130.

[0102] In the battery circuit, the coolant passes through port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, and port 5 of the nine-way valve for internal self-circulation and temperature equalization.

[0103] Operating Mode 7: Dual Cooling Mode, such as Figure 9As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts the first connection method, the cold-side three-way valve 120 simultaneously connects the cold air core circuit and the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve 121 connects the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0104] In dual-cooling mode, the low-temperature side coolant has two routes. The main route passes through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, and the coolant side of the evaporator 115, and splits into two branches at the cold-side three-way valve 120. Branch 1 is the vehicle compartment cooling route, and branch 2 is the battery cooling route. The flow of the two branches can be distributed through the cold-side three-way valve 120. In branch 1, the low-temperature side coolant enters the air cooling core 119, absorbs heat from the air, and then flows back to the main route. In branch 2, the low-temperature side coolant passes through port 9 and port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, port 5 of the nine-way valve, and port 8 of the nine-way valve before flowing back to the main route.

[0105] The high-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the second water pump 123, the coolant side of the condenser 113, the hot-side three-way valve 121, port 7 of the nine-way valve, port 1 of the nine-way valve, the radiator 126, the motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, port 6 of the nine-way valve, and finally back to the second water pump 123. The high-temperature side coolant absorbs heat and heats up in the condenser 113, dissipates heat and cools down in the radiator 126, and then absorbs heat again and heats up through the motor and electronic control assembly 127.

[0106] Operating Mode 8: Dual Heating Mode, such as Figure 10 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts connection mode two, the cold-side three-way valve 120 connects to the low-temperature coolant circuit, and the hot-side three-way valve 121 simultaneously connects to the heating core circuit and the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0107] In dual heating mode, the high-temperature side coolant has two routes. The main route passes through the second water pump 123 and the coolant side of the condenser 113, and then splits into two branches at the hot-side three-way valve 121. Branch 1 is the vehicle compartment heating route, and branch 2 is the battery heating route. The flow of the two branches can be distributed through the hot-side three-way valve 121. In branch 1, the high-temperature side coolant enters the heater core 122, releases heat to the air, and then flows back to the main route. In branch 2, the high-temperature side coolant passes through port 7 and port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, port 5 of the nine-way valve, and port 6 of the nine-way valve before flowing back to the main route.

[0108] The low-temperature side coolant passes through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, the coolant side of evaporator 115, cold-side three-way valve 120, port 9 of nine-way valve, port 1 of nine-way valve, radiator 126, motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of nine-way valve, port 8 of nine-way valve, and the first water pump 118. The low-temperature side coolant releases heat and cools down in evaporator 115, absorbs heat and heats up in radiator 126, and absorbs heat again and heats up through motor and electronic control assembly 127.

[0109] Operating Mode Nine: Dual Heating - Utilizing only the motor's waste heat, such as... Figure 11 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts connection mode three, the cold-side three-way valve 120 connects to the low-temperature coolant circuit, and the hot-side three-way valve 121 simultaneously connects to the heating core circuit and the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0110] In the dual heating mode—utilizing only the motor's waste heat—the high-temperature side coolant has two routes. The main route passes through the second water pump 123 and the coolant side of the condenser 113, then splits into two branches at the hot-side three-way valve 121. Branch 1 is the cabin heating route, and branch 2 is the battery heating route. The flow rate of the two branches can be distributed through the hot-side three-way valve 121. In branch 1, the high-temperature side coolant enters the heater core 122, releases heat to the air, and then flows back to the main route. In branch 2, the high-temperature side coolant passes through port 7 and port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, port 5 of the nine-way valve, and port 6 of the nine-way valve before flowing back to the main route.

[0111] The low-temperature side coolant passes sequentially through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, the coolant side of the evaporator 115, the cold-side three-way valve 120, port 9 of the nine-way valve, port 2 of the nine-way valve, the motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, port 8 of the nine-way valve, and the first water pump 118. The low-temperature side coolant releases heat and cools down in the evaporator 115, and absorbs heat and heats up in the motor and electronic control assembly 127.

[0112] Operating Mode 10: Cooling-Reheat Demisting Mode, such as Figure 12 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts connection mode four, the cold-side three-way valve 120 connects to the cold air core circuit, and the hot-side three-way valve 121 simultaneously connects to the warm air core circuit and the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0113] In the cooling-reheat defogging mode, the high-temperature side refrigerant has two routes. The main route passes through the second water pump 123 and the refrigerant side of the condenser 113, and splits into two branches at the hot-side three-way valve 121. Branch 1 is the cabin reheat defogging route, and branch 2 is the outdoor heat dissipation route. The flow of the two branches can be distributed through the hot-side three-way valve 121. In branch 1, the high-temperature side refrigerant enters the heater core 122, releases heat to the air, and then flows back to the main route. In branch 2, the high-temperature side refrigerant passes through port 7 of the nine-way valve, port 1 of the nine-way valve, radiator 126, motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, and port 6 of the nine-way valve before flowing back to the main route.

[0114] The low-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, the coolant side of the evaporator 115, the cold-side three-way valve 120, the cold air core 119, and back to the first water pump 118. The low-temperature side coolant releases heat and cools down in the evaporator 115, and absorbs heat and warms up in the cold air core 119. Air blown by the HVAC assembly fan in the passenger compartment 130 is cooled to cold air after heat exchange in the cold air core 119 before being delivered into the passenger compartment 130.

[0115] In the battery circuit, the coolant passes through port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, and port 5 of the nine-way valve for internal self-circulation and temperature equalization.

[0116] Operating Mode 11: Crew Cabin Heating - Battery Cooling Mode, such as Figure 13 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts the first connection method. The cold-side three-way valve 120 connects to the low-temperature coolant circuit, and the hot-side three-way valve 121 connects to both the heating core circuit and the high-temperature coolant circuit. The heat pump circulation circuit is configured to operate.

[0117] In the passenger compartment heating-battery cooling mode, the high-temperature side coolant has two routes. The main route passes through the second water pump 123 and the coolant side of the condenser 113, and splits into two branches at the hot-side three-way valve 121. Branch 1 is the cabin heating route, and branch 2 is the outdoor heat dissipation route. The flow of the two branches can be distributed through the hot-side three-way valve 121. In branch 1, the high-temperature side coolant enters the heater core 122, releases heat to the air, and then flows back to the main route. In branch 2, the high-temperature side coolant passes through port 7 of the nine-way valve, port 1 of the nine-way valve, radiator 126, motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, and port 6 of the nine-way valve before flowing back to the main route.

[0118] The low-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, the coolant side of the evaporator 115, the cold-side three-way valve 120, port 9 of the nine-way valve, port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, port 5 of the nine-way valve, port 8 of the nine-way valve, and the first water pump 118. The low-temperature side coolant releases heat and cools down in the evaporator 115, and absorbs heat and heats up in the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129.

[0119] Operating Mode Twelve: Passenger Cabin Dehumidification and Heating - Battery Cooling Mode, such as Figure 14 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts connection mode one, the cold-side three-way valve 120 simultaneously connects the cold air core circuit and the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve 121 simultaneously connects the warm air core circuit and the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0120] In the passenger compartment dehumidification and heating-battery cooling mode, the high-temperature side coolant has two routes. The main route passes through the second water pump 123 and the coolant side of the condenser 113, and splits into two branches at the hot-side three-way valve 121. Branch 1 is the cabin heating route, and branch 2 is the outdoor heat dissipation route. The flow of the two branches can be distributed through the hot-side three-way valve 121. In branch 1, the high-temperature side coolant enters the heater core 122, releases heat to the air, and then flows back to the main route. In branch 2, the high-temperature side coolant passes through port 7 of the nine-way valve, port 1 of the nine-way valve, radiator 126, motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, and port 6 of the nine-way valve before flowing back to the main route.

[0121] The low-temperature side coolant has two routes. The main route passes through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, and the coolant side of the evaporator 115, and splits into two branches at the cold-side three-way valve 120. Branch 1 is the dehumidification route for the vehicle compartment, and branch 2 is the battery cooling route. The flow rate of the two branches can be distributed through the cold-side three-way valve 120. In branch 1, the low-temperature side coolant enters the cooling air core 119, absorbs heat from the air, and then flows back to the main route. In branch 2, the low-temperature side coolant passes through port 9 and port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, port 5 of the nine-way valve, and port 8 of the nine-way valve before flowing back to the main route.

[0122] Operating Mode Thirteen: Passenger Cabin Dehumidification and Heating - Battery Heating Mode, such as... Figure 15 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 adopts the second connection mode, the cold-side three-way valve 120 simultaneously connects the cold air core circuit and the low-temperature coolant circuit, and the hot-side three-way valve 121 simultaneously connects the warm air core circuit and the high-temperature coolant circuit. The heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

[0123] In the passenger compartment dehumidification and heating-battery heating mode, the high-temperature side coolant has two routes. The main route passes through the second water pump 123 and the coolant side of the condenser 113, and splits into two branches at the hot-side three-way valve 121. Branch 1 is the cabin heating route, and branch 2 is the battery heating route. The flow of the two branches can be distributed through the hot-side three-way valve 121. In branch 1, the high-temperature side coolant enters the heater core 122 and releases heat to the air before returning to the main route. In branch 2, the high-temperature side coolant passes through port 7 of the nine-way valve, port 4 of the nine-way valve, the third water pump 128, the battery pack liquid cooling assembly 129, port 5 of the nine-way valve, and port 6 of the nine-way valve before returning to the main route.

[0124] The low-temperature side coolant has two routes. The main route passes through the first water pump 118, PTC 117, and the coolant side of the evaporator 115, and splits into two branches at the cold-side three-way valve 120. Branch 1 is the dehumidification route for the vehicle compartment, and branch 2 is the outdoor heat dissipation route. The flow rate of the two branches can be distributed through the cold-side three-way valve 120. In branch 1, the low-temperature side coolant enters the cold air core 119, absorbs heat from the air, and then returns to the main route, causing some water vapor in the air to condense and reduce air humidity. In branch 2, the low-temperature side coolant passes through port 9 of the nine-way valve, port 1 of the nine-way valve, radiator 126, motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, and port 8 of the nine-way valve before returning to the main route.

[0125] Operating Mode Fourteen: Battery Temperature Equalization - Motor Cooling Mode, such as Figure 16 As shown, the nine-way valve 124 is in connection mode four, the heat pump circulation loop is not working, and the first water pump 118 is in the closed state (that is, the cold air core loop and the low temperature coolant loop are also not working). The hot-side three-way valve 121 connects to the high temperature coolant loop.

[0126] In the battery temperature equalization-motor cooling mode, the battery circuit performs internal self-circulation cooling.

[0127] The high-temperature side coolant circulates sequentially through the second water pump 123, the coolant side of the condenser 113, the hot-side three-way valve 121, port 7 of the nine-way valve, port 1 of the nine-way valve, the radiator 126, the motor and electronic control assembly 127, port 3 of the nine-way valve, port 6 of the nine-way valve, and finally back to the second water pump 123. After the high-temperature side coolant dissipates heat to the air at the radiator 126, it cools down and then absorbs heat at the motor and electronic control assembly 127 to cool the assembly.

Claims

1. A thermal management system for electric vehicles based on a nine-way valve, characterized in that, It includes a main circuit for motor control, a secondary circuit for motor control, a battery circuit, a passenger compartment circuit, a cold air core circuit, a low-temperature coolant circuit, a warm air core circuit, a high-temperature coolant circuit, a heat pump circulation circuit, a cold-side three-way valve (120), a hot-side three-way valve (121), and a nine-way valve (124); the heat pump circulation circuit uses R290 as the refrigerant. The nine-way valve (124) has six different connection modes: Connection method 1: Connect port 1 and port 7 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 6 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 9 of the nine-way valve, connect port 5 and port 8 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports. Connection method 2: Connect port 1 and port 9 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 8 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 7 of the nine-way valve, connect port 5 and port 6 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports. Connection method 3: Connect port 2 and port 9 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 8 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 7 of the nine-way valve, connect port 5 and port 6 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports; Connection method four: Connect port 1 and port 7 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 6 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 5 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports; Connection method 5: Connect port 1 and port 9 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 8 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 5 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports; Connection method six: Connect port 2 and port 9 of the nine-way valve, connect port 3 and port 8 of the nine-way valve, connect port 4 and port 5 of the nine-way valve, and close the other ports; The main circuit of the motor control is connected to ports 1 and 3 of a nine-way valve, respectively, for the coolant to exchange heat with the outdoor environment and the motor control assembly (127) in sequence; the auxiliary circuit of the motor control is connected to ports 2 and 3 of a nine-way valve, respectively, for the coolant to exchange heat with the motor control assembly (127); the battery circuit is connected to ports 4 and 5 of a nine-way valve, respectively, for the coolant to exchange heat with the battery pack liquid cooling assembly (129), so as to achieve temperature control or uniform temperature of the battery; the passenger compartment circuit has a cold air core (119) and a warm air core (122). The cold air core (119) is used for air to exchange heat with the low-temperature coolant in the cold air core circuit to provide low-temperature air for the passenger compartment (130); the warm air core (122) is used for air to exchange heat with the high-temperature coolant in the warm air core circuit to provide high-temperature air for the passenger compartment (130); The coolant in the cold air core circuit exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the heat pump circulation circuit through the evaporator (115) to form a low-temperature coolant. At the same time, the inlet end and the first outlet end of the cold-side three-way valve (120) are connected to the cold air core circuit. The low-temperature coolant circuit is formed by adding a cold air core parallel pipeline on the basis of the cold air core circuit. The cold air core parallel pipeline includes a pipeline connecting the 9th port of the nine-way valve and the second outlet end of the cold-side three-way valve (120), and a pipeline connecting the 8th port of the nine-way valve and the coolant outlet end of the cold air core (119). The cold-side three-way valve (120) can distribute the low-temperature coolant to the cold air core (119) or the 9th port of the nine-way valve, or simultaneously to the cold air core (119) and the 9th port of the nine-way valve. By switching the connection mode of the nine-way valve (124), the low-temperature coolant can be transported to the battery circuit, the main circuit of the motor control circuit, or the auxiliary circuit of the motor control circuit through the 9th port of the nine-way valve. The coolant in the heating core circuit exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the heat pump circulation circuit through the condenser (113) to form a high-temperature coolant. At the same time, the inlet and first outlet of the hot-side three-way valve (121) are connected to the heating core circuit. The high-temperature coolant circuit is formed by adding a parallel pipeline to the heating core circuit. The parallel pipeline includes a pipeline connecting the 7th port of the nine-way valve and the second outlet of the hot-side three-way valve (121), and a pipeline connecting the 6th port of the nine-way valve and the coolant outlet of the heating core (122). The hot-side three-way valve (121) can distribute the high-temperature coolant to the heating core (122) or the 7th port of the nine-way valve, or simultaneously to the heating core (122) and the 7th port of the nine-way valve. By switching the connection mode of the nine-way valve (124), the high-temperature coolant can be transported to the battery circuit, the main circuit of the motor control circuit, or the auxiliary circuit of the motor control circuit through the 7th port of the nine-way valve. By controlling the connection mode of the cold-side three-way valve (120), the hot-side three-way valve (121), and the nine-way valve (124), different circuits can be formed, including the main circuit of motor control, the auxiliary circuit of motor control, the battery circuit, the cold air core circuit, the low-temperature coolant circuit, the warm air core circuit, and the high-temperature coolant circuit.

2. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-cell cooling mode is adopted: the nine-way valve (124) is connected in mode one, the cold-side three-way valve (120) is connected to the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve (121) is connected to the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

3. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-cell heating mode is adopted: the nine-way valve (124) is connected in the second mode, the cold side three-way valve (120) is connected to the low temperature coolant circuit, the hot side three-way valve (121) is connected to the high temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

4. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, Using a single-cell heating mode that utilizes only the waste heat of the motor: the nine-way valve (124) is connected in mode three, the cold-side three-way valve (120) is connected to the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve (121) is connected to the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

5. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-passenger cabin cooling mode is adopted: the nine-way valve (124) is connected in mode four, the cold-side three-way valve (120) is connected to the cold air core circuit, the hot-side three-way valve (121) is connected to the high-temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

6. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-passenger cabin heating mode is adopted: the nine-way valve (124) is connected in mode five, the cold-side three-way valve (120) is connected to the low-temperature coolant circuit, the hot-side three-way valve (121) is connected to the warm air core circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

7. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-passenger cabin heating system adopts the waste heat mode of the motor only: the nine-way valve (124) is connected in mode six, the cold side three-way valve (120) is connected to the low temperature coolant circuit, the hot side three-way valve (121) is connected to the warm air core circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

8. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, Dual refrigeration mode is adopted: the nine-way valve (124) adopts the first connection mode, the cold side three-way valve (120) connects the cold air core circuit and the low temperature coolant circuit at the same time, the hot side three-way valve (121) connects the high temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

9. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, Dual heating mode is adopted: the nine-way valve (124) adopts the second connection mode, the cold side three-way valve (120) connects to the low temperature coolant circuit, and the hot side three-way valve (121) connects to the heating core circuit and the high temperature coolant circuit at the same time. The heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

10. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual heating mode is adopted - only the motor waste heat is used: the nine-way valve (124) adopts the third connection mode, the cold side three-way valve (120) connects the low temperature coolant circuit, and the hot side three-way valve (121) connects the warm air core circuit and the high temperature coolant circuit at the same time. The heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

11. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling reheat defogging mode is adopted: the nine-way valve (124) adopts the fourth connection method, the cold side three-way valve (120) connects the cold air core circuit, and the hot side three-way valve (121) connects the warm air core circuit and the high temperature coolant circuit at the same time. The heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

12. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crew cabin heating-battery cooling mode is adopted: the nine-way valve (124) adopts the first connection method, the cold side three-way valve (120) connects to the low temperature coolant circuit, and the hot side three-way valve (121) connects to the heating core circuit and the high temperature coolant circuit at the same time. The heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

13. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crew cabin dehumidification and heating-battery cooling mode is adopted: the nine-way valve (124) adopts the first connection method, the cold side three-way valve (120) connects the cold air core circuit and the low temperature coolant circuit at the same time, the hot side three-way valve (121) connects the warm air core circuit and the high temperature coolant circuit at the same time, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

14. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crew cabin dehumidification and heating-battery heating mode is adopted: the nine-way valve (124) adopts the second connection method, the cold side three-way valve (120) connects the cold air core circuit and the low temperature coolant circuit at the same time, the hot side three-way valve (121) connects the warm air core circuit and the high temperature coolant circuit at the same time, and the heat pump circulation circuit is configured to work.

15. The thermal management method for an electric vehicle thermal management system based on a nine-way valve according to claim 1, characterized in that, Battery temperature equalization-motor cooling mode is adopted: the nine-way valve (124) adopts the fourth connection mode, the cold air core circuit and the low temperature coolant circuit do not work, the hot side three-way valve (121) connects the high temperature coolant circuit, and the heat pump circulation circuit does not work.

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