Abs cold-resistant material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This application relates to the field of ABS material processing technology, and more specifically, to an ABS cold-resistant material and its preparation method, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of ABS resin, 10-30 parts of SNA resin, 20-35 parts of high-rubber powder, 4-6 parts of trans-polyoctene rubber, 2.5-4 parts of hyperbranched polyesteramide, 2.5-5 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, 1.5-3 parts of reaction compatibilizer, 4-6 parts of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fiber, 3-5 parts of nanofiller, 1-2 parts of nucleating agent, and 0.1-2 parts of additives. The reaction compatibilizer is composed of maleic anhydride-grafted ABS and glycidyl methacrylate-grafted styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer. The ABS cold-resistant material prepared by this formula can maintain excellent impact toughness at -40℃, while having good tensile strength, flexural strength and surface hardness, and good wear resistance and scratch resistance, meeting the comprehensive performance requirements of harsh application scenarios such as automotive structural components and low-temperature logistics equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ABS material processing technology, and more specifically, to an ABS cold-resistant material and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) is widely used in automotive interior parts, electronic and electrical housings, outdoor equipment structural components, and cryogenic storage equipment due to its excellent processing properties, good mechanical balance, and high surface gloss. However, in practical applications, especially in cold regions or cryogenic conditions, traditional ABS materials often exhibit significant performance limitations, such as in winter outdoor applications, refrigerated transport, and polar scientific research equipment.

[0003] In low-temperature environments, polymer materials generally undergo a transition from a highly elastic state to a glassy state. This restricts the movement of molecular chain segments, increasing rigidity but significantly decreasing toughness, making the material brittle and prone to brittle fracture under impact or bending loads. To improve the cold resistance of ABS materials, the industry typically introduces elastomer toughening agents or other polymers for blending modification to enhance impact strength and flexibility at -20°C or even -40°C. However, this modification path, oriented towards enhancing toughness, often involves a rebalancing of mechanical properties. Specifically, as the proportion of the rubber phase or flexible component increases, the tensile and flexural strength of the material at low temperatures usually decreases to some extent. This is because while the rubber phase can effectively absorb impact energy and inhibit crack propagation, its low modulus weakens the overall rigidity and load-bearing capacity of the material. In applications requiring high structural strength, such as automotive dashboard brackets, drone shells, and low-temperature logistics turnover boxes, this strength loss affects the dimensional stability and long-term service reliability of the components.

[0004] Meanwhile, the inherently low surface hardness of ABS materials is further exacerbated after cold-resistant modification. Compared to engineering plastics such as polycarbonate and polyamide, the surface hardness of unmodified ABS is typically only HB-H pencil hardness, with limited wear resistance and scratch resistance. While introducing plasticizers or high elastomer content to improve low-temperature toughness further reduces the density and rigidity of the material surface, making it more susceptible to scratches, wear, and even microcracks during frequent contact, friction, or assembly. This not only affects the appearance quality of the product but can also become stress concentration points, accelerating material aging or failure, especially in end products requiring long-term outdoor exposure or frequent human-machine interaction, such as handheld instrument housings, refrigerated truck control panels, and ski equipment components.

[0005] In summary, while current cold-resistant ABS materials have improved low-temperature toughness, they still face problems such as decreased tensile and flexural strength and insufficient surface hardness. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the issues of decreased tensile and flexural strength and insufficient surface hardness in ABS materials while improving their low-temperature toughness, this application provides an ABS cold-resistant material and its preparation method.

[0007] In the first aspect, this application provides an ABS cold-resistant material, which adopts the following technical solution: An ABS cold-resistant material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of ABS resin 10-30 parts of SNA resin 20-35 parts of high-gluten powder 4-6 parts of trans polyoctene rubber Hyperbranched polyester amide 2.5-4 parts 2.5-5 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer 1.5-3 parts of reaction compatibilizer 4-6 parts of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fiber 3-5 parts of nanofiller 1-2 parts of nucleating agent 0.1-2 parts of additives The reactive compatibilizer is composed of maleic anhydride-grafted ABS and glycidyl methacrylate-grafted styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, ABS cold-resistant materials can maintain excellent impact toughness in an environment of -40℃, while also having good tensile strength, flexural strength and surface hardness, as well as good wear resistance and scratch resistance, meeting the comprehensive performance requirements of harsh application scenarios such as vehicle structural components and low-temperature logistics equipment.

[0009] SNA resin and ABS resin have excellent compatibility, which can synergistically improve the low-temperature toughness and rigidity of the material, alleviating the contradiction between increased toughness and decreased strength. High-rubber powder and trans-polyoctene rubber work synergistically to further enhance the low-temperature impact toughness of the material and inhibit low-temperature embrittlement. At the same time, trans-polyoctene rubber has a relatively high modulus, which can reduce the weakening of the overall rigidity of the material after the rubber phase is added. Hyperbranched polyesteramide and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer form a synergistic effect. Both have good compatibility. Hyperbranched polyesteramide can reduce phase separation between components, improve system stability, improve material flexibility and surface density, and help improve surface hardness. Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer further strengthens the interfacial bonding force of each component, especially improving the compatibility between the elastomer and the ABS substrate, avoiding performance fluctuations caused by uneven component dispersion, and helping to improve the low-temperature flexibility and surface wear resistance of the material.

[0010] Poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fibers, as a rigid reinforcing component, work synergistically with nanofillers. With their extremely high tensile and flexural strength, they effectively compensate for the loss of mechanical strength caused by the addition of elastomers, greatly improving the tensile and flexural strength of the material. At the same time, they enhance the surface hardness and wear resistance of the material, ensuring the structural load-bearing capacity of the material.

[0011] Maleic anhydride grafted onto ABS enhances its compatibility with the ABS substrate. Glycidyl methacrylate grafted onto styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer improves the interfacial bonding with components such as elastomers, poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fibers, and nanofillers. This comprehensively solves the problems of poor compatibility and uneven dispersion of the components, enhances the stability of the system, and ensures that the synergistic effect of each component is fully exerted. Nucleating agents can refine the material grains, improve crystallinity, and improve the mechanical balance and processing performance of the material.

[0012] Preferably, the additives include antioxidants and light stabilizers.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solutions, the oxidation aging and photodegradation of materials can be suppressed, performance degradation can be delayed, and the stability of materials in long-term use and outdoor exposure scenarios can be ensured.

[0014] Preferably, the weight ratio of the maleic anhydride-grafted ABS and the glycidyl methacrylate-grafted styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer is 1:(3-6).

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution and optimizing the ratio of the two components, it is possible to ensure good bonding with ABS substrate, efficiently adapt to elastomers, short fibers and other components, reduce phase separation, enhance system uniformity, avoid performance fluctuations, and ensure that each component works synergistically.

[0016] Preferably, the nanofiller is composed of carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide and nanocrystalline cellulose in a weight ratio of (3-8):(2-5):7.

[0017] By employing the above technical solutions, carbon nanotubes, with their one-dimensional tubular structure, provide excellent axial tensile strength, effectively bearing tensile stress and preventing plastic yielding under large deformations. Graphene oxide, with its two-dimensional sheet structure, possesses a huge specific surface area and layered structure, which not only physically hinders the linear propagation of cracks but also greatly improves the wear resistance and scratch resistance of the material surface, alleviating the problem of insufficient surface properties after cold-resistant modification. One-dimensional rod-shaped nanocrystalline cellulose, with its good crystallinity and modulus, not only significantly compensates for the rigidity loss caused by the introduction of the rubber phase and restores the dimensional stability of the material but also forms a dense hardened layer on the material surface. This dense structure enhances the material's ability to resist the intrusion of external sharp objects, thereby greatly improving its scratch resistance. These three elements work synergistically to ensure that the material maintains sufficient flexibility to absorb impact at low temperatures while possessing excellent wear resistance and structural support, solving the problems of traditional modified materials being prone to brittleness and surface scratches at low temperatures.

[0018] Preferably, the poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fibers have a diameter of 6-10 μm and a length of 0.1-0.5 mm.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the best balance between rigidity enhancement and processing fluidity is achieved. The short fibers in this size range have a sufficient aspect ratio to bear the load and transmit stress, greatly improving the tensile and bending strength of the material. They also avoid the difficulties in dispersion caused by excessively long fibers or the low reinforcement efficiency caused by excessively short fibers. At the same time, the appropriate fiber length helps to form a uniform support skeleton on the material surface, further improving the surface hardness without compromising the low-temperature impact toughness of the material.

[0020] Preferably, the SNA resin is maleic anhydride-grafted SNA resin with a grafting rate of 0.8-2.0 wt% and a melt flow rate of 5-15 g / 10 min at 200°C and 5 kg, wherein the acrylonitrile content in the SNA resin is 25-35 wt%.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, a grafting rate of 8-2.0% provides an appropriate number of reaction sites, strengthens the interfacial chemical bonding with the matrix and filler, and prevents low-temperature phase separation; an acrylonitrile content of 25-35% ensures excellent polar compatibility, synergistically improving the balance between rigidity and toughness; and a melt flow rate of 5-15 g / 10 min optimizes processing fluidity, ensuring uniform dispersion of high-viscosity components without damaging the fibers. The synergistic effect of these three factors effectively solves the problem of strength loss in cold-resistant modification, enabling the material to maintain excellent impact toughness, tensile strength, and dimensional stability even at -40℃.

[0022] Preferably, the butadiene rubber content in the high-rubber powder is 60-70 wt%, and the particle size is 300-500 nm.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solutions, the efficiency of toughening is optimized. The high rubber content of 60-70% ensures sufficient elastic phase to absorb impact energy; the 300-500nm particle size can efficiently terminate crack propagation, enabling the material to have both ultra-high toughness and rigidity at -40℃, avoiding the sudden drop in strength caused by traditional large particle size or the failure of toughening by small particle size.

[0024] Preferably, the trans-polyoctene rubber has a trans content ≥80%, a Mooney viscosity (ML) of 40-70 at 100°C, and a crystallinity of 15-30%. By adopting the above technical solution, the parameters of trans-polyoctene rubber are optimized, endowing the rubber with semi-crystalline properties and a high modulus, reducing rigidity loss while increasing toughness; a crystallinity of 15-30% provides a self-reinforcing effect and inhibits low-temperature hardening; and a Mooney viscosity of 40-70 balances processability and dispersibility. This rubber, in synergy with high-rubber powder, significantly improves impact toughness at -40℃ and effectively offsets the decrease in strength and hardness caused by the introduction of elastomers, achieving a balance between strength and toughness.

[0025] Preferably, the nucleating agent is composed of sorbitol acetal compounds and inorganic nucleating agents in a weight ratio of (2-4):1.

[0026] Preferably, the inorganic nucleating agent includes at least one of talc, montmorillonite, or kaolin.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solutions, the matrix grains are effectively refined, the crystallinity and crystal perfection are improved, thereby improving the uniformity of the material's microstructure. The refined grain structure not only improves the rigidity and surface hardness of the material, but also reduces the internal stress concentration points, making the material less prone to microcracks when subjected to low-temperature loads, thereby improving the material's mechanical balance, fatigue resistance and dimensional stability during long-term service.

[0028] Secondly, this application provides a method for preparing ABS cold-resistant material, which adopts the following technical solution: A method for preparing ABS cold-resistant material includes the following preparation steps: S1. Mix ABS resin, SNA resin, high-rubber powder, trans-polyoctene rubber, hyperbranched polyesteramide, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, reaction compatibilizer, nucleating agent and additives to obtain a mixture; S2. The premix, poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fiber, and nanofiller are fed into a twin-screw extruder via side feeding, and then extruded and granulated to obtain ABS cold-resistant material.

[0029] Preferably, the temperature zone of the twin-screw extruder is as follows: The temperature in Zone 1 is 180-190℃, Zone 2 is 200-210℃, Zone 3 is 230-240℃, Zone 4 is 240-250℃, Zone 5 is 235-245℃, Zone 6 is 230-240℃, Zone 7 is 220-230℃, and the machine head temperature is 215-225℃.

[0030] By adopting the above technical solution, the easily dispersible resin and elastomer are premixed, and the poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fibers and nanofillers are added through side feeding. This effectively avoids the excessive damage to fiber length caused by high-shear mixing and the agglomeration problem of nanofillers. This process ensures that the rigid reinforcing phase is distributed in the matrix in the best morphology and dispersion state, maximizing the reinforcing and hardening efficiency of fibers and nanofillers, while ensuring the uniform dispersion of elastomer components, thereby producing a homogeneous composite material with ultra-high and low temperature toughness, high strength and high surface hardness.

[0031] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: The ABS cold-resistant material provided in this application achieves an excellent balance of strength, toughness and surface hardness in an extreme low temperature environment of -40℃ through the synergistic use of multiple components. SNA resin exhibits excellent compatibility with ABS resin, synergistically enhancing low-temperature toughness and rigidity, effectively mitigating the contradiction between increased toughness and decreased strength. High-rubber powder and trans-polyoctene rubber work synergistically to enhance low-temperature impact toughness and inhibit low-temperature embrittlement, while the higher modulus of trans-polyoctene rubber reduces the weakening of the overall rigidity of the rubber. Hyperbranched polyesteramide and hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer form a synergistic effect, reducing phase separation, improving system stability, enhancing flexibility and surface density, and strengthening interfacial bonding. Poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fibers and nanofillers work synergistically, with extremely high tensile and flexural strength, effectively compensating for the mechanical strength loss caused by the addition of elastomers, improving tensile and flexural strength, surface hardness, and abrasion resistance. A reaction compatibilizer, a compound of maleic anhydride-grafted ABS and glycidyl methacrylate-grafted styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, enhances interfacial bonding with ABS substrate, elastomers, short fibers, nanofillers, and other components, solving problems of poor compatibility and uneven dispersion. Nucleating agents refine grains, increase crystallinity, and improve mechanical balance and processing performance. This material system effectively solves the technical problem that the improvement of toughness in traditional cold-resistant ABS modification is inevitably accompanied by a decrease in strength and hardness, and meets the comprehensive performance requirements of harsh application scenarios such as vehicle structural components and low-temperature logistics equipment. Detailed Implementation Example

[0032] ABS resin: 121H, LG Chem.

[0033] Hyperbranched polyester amide: DSM, Netherlands, Hybrane® S1200.

[0034] Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer: ARCO, USA, Polybd CN-15.

[0035] Maleic anhydride-grafted ABS: Starbucks (Shanghai) Chemical Materials Co., Ltd., ST-4200.

[0036] Glycidyl methacrylate grafted styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer: Starbeda (Shanghai) Chemical Materials Co., Ltd., ST-SAG2030.

[0037] The antioxidant is antioxidant 1010.

[0038] The light stabilizer is bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinyl) sebacate.

[0039] Sorbitol acetals are classified as DMDSB.

[0040] The inorganic nucleating agent is talc.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] An ABS cold-resistant material is prepared by the following method: S1. Mix 500g of ABS resin, 100g of SNA resin, 200g of high-rubber powder, 40g of trans-polyoctene rubber, 25g of hyperbranched polyesteramide, 25g of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, 15g of reaction compatibilizer, 10g of nucleating agent and 1g of additive to obtain a mixture. The SNA resin is a maleic anhydride-grafted SNA resin with a grafting rate of 0.8 wt%. At 200°C and with a 5 kg melt flow rate, the melt flow rate is 5 g / 10 min. The acrylonitrile content in the SNA resin is 25 wt%. The high-rubber powder contains 60 wt% butadiene rubber and has a particle size of 300 nm. The trans-polyoctene rubber has a trans content of 80%, a Mooney viscosity of 40 at ML100℃, and a crystallinity of 15%. The reaction compatibilizer is composed of maleic anhydride-grafted ABS and glycidyl methacrylate-grafted styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer in a weight ratio of 1:3. The nucleating agent is composed of sorbitol acetal compounds and inorganic nucleating agents in a weight ratio of 2:1; The additives include 0.5g of antioxidant and 0.5g of light stabilizer.

[0043] S2. The premixed material, 40g of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fiber and 30g of nanofiller are fed into a twin-screw extruder through side feeding, and extruded and granulated to obtain ABS cold-resistant material. The diameter of the poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fiber is 6 μm and the length is 0.1 mm; The nanofiller is composed of carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, and nanocrystalline cellulose in a weight ratio of 3:2:7. The temperature zones of the twin-screw extruder are as follows: The temperature in Zone 1 is 180℃, Zone 2 is 200℃, Zone 3 is 230℃, Zone 4 is 240℃, Zone 5 is 235℃, Zone 6 is 230℃, Zone 7 is 220℃, and the head temperature is 215℃.

[0044] The difference between Examples 2-3 and Example 1 lies in the types, amounts, and parameters of raw materials used to prepare the ABS cold-resistant material. Specific differences are shown in Table 1. Table 1. Types, dosages, and parameters of raw materials used in the preparation of ABS cold-resistant materials.

[0045] Example 4 An ABS cold-resistant material, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that it is composed of maleic anhydride-grafted ABS and glycidyl methacrylate-grafted styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer in a weight ratio of 1:1.

[0046] Example 5 An ABS cold-resistant material, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the nanofiller is composed of carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide in a weight ratio of 8:2.

[0047] Example 6 An ABS cold-resistant material, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the nanofiller is nanocrystalline cellulose.

[0048] Example 7 An ABS cold-resistant material, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the nanofiller is composed of graphene oxide and nanocrystalline cellulose in a weight ratio of 2:7.

[0049] Example 8 An ABS cold-resistant material, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the SNA resin is from INEOS's Lustran SAN 350N product.

[0050] Example 9 An ABS cold-resistant material, the difference between this embodiment and Example 1 is that the nucleating agent is a sorbitol acetal compound.

[0051] Comparative Example Comparative Example 1 A cold-resistant ABS material, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the reaction compatibilizer is maleic anhydride-grafted ABS.

[0052] Comparative Example 2 A cold-resistant ABS material, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer is used instead of trans polyoctene rubber.

[0053] The hydrogenated styrene-butadiene block copolymer is a product of Kraton G1652.

[0054] Comparative Example 3 A cold-resistant ABS material, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer is added.

[0055] Comparative Example 4 An ABS cold-resistant material, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that glass fiber is used instead of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fiber.

[0056] Comparative Example 5 An ABS cold-resistant material, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that linear polyesteramide is used instead of hyperbranched polyesteramide.

[0057] The linear polyesteramide is D 2175 from Swiss company Emmans.

[0058] Detection methods / test methods Tensile strength and elongation at break: tested according to GB / T1040.1-2022, test conditions: 50 mm / min; Bending strength: Refer to GB / T9341-2008, test conditions: 2mm / min; Hardness: Refer to GB / T 6739-2006 "Determination of Hardness of Paints and Varnishes by Pencil Method" Scratch test: Refer to ISO 19252 "Determination of scratch performance of plastics".

[0059] The ABS cold-resistant materials of Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were placed in an environment of -40°C and left to stand for 500 hours. Afterward, their tensile strength, elongation at break, and flexural strength were tested, and their respective retention rates were calculated. The experimental data are shown in Table 2. Table 2 Experimental data of Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-5

[0060] The experimental data above show that, through the synergistic effect of each component, an excellent balance of strength, toughness and surface hardness was achieved in an extreme low temperature environment of -40℃.

[0061] Comparing Example 1 with Comparative Examples 1-5, Example 1 maintained high levels of tensile and flexural strength retention while exhibiting good elongation at break retention, and significantly improved surface hardness and critical scratch load. This indicates that the reaction compatibilizer, a blend of maleic anhydride-grafted ABS and glycidyl methacrylate-grafted styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, improves interfacial compatibility between components, reduces phase separation, and ensures uniform dispersion of the rigid reinforcing phase and elastomer in the matrix, thereby significantly enhancing the material's mechanical strength retention and surface hardness, compared to maleic anhydride-grafted ABS alone. Trans-polyoctene rubber, with its semi-crystalline properties and high modulus, can... While improving low-temperature toughness, it reduces rigidity loss and achieves a better balance between strength and toughness. The addition of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer plays an important role in strengthening the interfacial bonding between the elastomer and the ABS substrate, improving low-temperature flexibility and surface abrasion resistance. Compared with glass fiber, poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fiber has a higher specific strength and specific modulus, as well as better dispersibility and interfacial bonding ability, which makes it more effective in improving the tensile strength, flexural strength and surface hardness of the material. The branched structure of hyperbranched polyesteramide can more effectively improve component compatibility, system stability and surface density, thereby achieving better mechanical and surface properties while maintaining low-temperature toughness.

[0062] Comparing Examples 1 with Examples 4-9, it is evident that a weight ratio of maleic anhydride-grafted ABS to glycidyl methacrylate-grafted styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer is more suitable within the range of 1:3-6. A lower ratio leads to insufficient interfacial bonding with components such as elastomers and short fibers, resulting in decreased mechanical properties and surface hardness. The ternary composite system of carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, and nanocrystalline cellulose exhibits a significant synergistic reinforcing effect; the absence of any one component leads to a significant reduction in tensile strength, elongation at break retention, and surface hardness. Using maleic anhydride-grafted SNA resin and controlling the grafting rate, acrylonitrile content, and melt flow rate within specific ranges effectively strengthens interfacial chemical bonding, optimizes processing fluidity, and prevents low-temperature phase separation. Compared to a single nucleating agent, the combined use of sorbitan acetal compounds and inorganic nucleating agents more effectively refines grains and improves crystallinity, thereby improving the material's rigidity, surface hardness, and low-temperature dimensional stability.

[0063] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of this application and is not intended to limit it. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they fall within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A cold-resistant ABS material, characterized in that, It is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-60 parts of ABS resin 10-30 parts of SNA resin 20-35 parts of high-gluten powder 4-6 parts of trans polyoctene rubber Hyperbranched polyester amide 2.5-4 parts 2.5-5 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer 1.5-3 parts of reaction compatibilizer 4-6 parts of poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fiber 3-5 parts of nanofiller 1-2 parts of nucleating agent 0.1-2 parts of additives The reactive compatibilizer is composed of maleic anhydride-grafted ABS and glycidyl methacrylate-grafted styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer.

2. The ABS cold-resistant material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the maleic anhydride-grafted ABS and the glycidyl methacrylate-grafted styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer is 1:(3-6).

3. The ABS cold-resistant material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nanofiller is composed of carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide and nanocrystalline cellulose in a weight ratio of (3-8):(2-5):

7.

4. The ABS cold-resistant material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fibers have a diameter of 6-10 μm and a length of 0.1-0.5 mm.

5. The ABS cold-resistant material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The SNA resin is a maleic anhydride-grafted SNA resin with a grafting rate of 0.8-2.0 wt%. At 200°C and 5 kg, the melt flow rate is 5-15 g / 10 min, and the acrylonitrile content in the SNA resin is 25-35 wt%.

6. The ABS cold-resistant material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-rubber powder contains 60-70 wt% butadiene rubber and has a particle size of 300-500 nm.

7. The ABS cold-resistant material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The trans-polyoctene rubber has a trans content of ≥80%, a Mooney viscosity of 40-70 at ML100℃, and a crystallinity of 15-30%.

8. The ABS cold-resistant material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nucleating agent is composed of sorbitol acetal compounds and inorganic nucleating agents in a weight ratio of (2-4):

1.

9. A method for preparing the ABS cold-resistant material as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The preparation steps include the following: S1. Mix ABS resin, SNA resin, high-rubber powder, trans-polyoctene rubber, hyperbranched polyesteramide, hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene-acrylonitrile copolymer, reaction compatibilizer, nucleating agent and additives to obtain a mixture; S2. The premix, poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) short fiber, and nanofiller are fed into a twin-screw extruder via side feeding, and then extruded and granulated to obtain ABS cold-resistant material.

10. A method for preparing an ABS cold-resistant material according to claim 9, characterized in that, The temperature zones of the twin-screw extruder are as follows: The temperature in Zone 1 is 180-190℃, Zone 2 is 200-210℃, Zone 3 is 230-240℃, Zone 4 is 240-250℃, Zone 5 is 235-245℃, Zone 6 is 230-240℃, Zone 7 is 220-230℃, and the machine head temperature is 215-225℃.

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