Preparation process of high-flash-point low-loss engine oil

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of high flash point low-loss engine oil preparation process, and the product belongs to the field of lubricant production.The engine oil is formed by high flash point base oil, additive compound after removal of low flash point volatile component by heating vacuum, removal of light component again and filling, and the base oil flash point is greater than or equal to 220 DEG C, NOACK evaporation loss is less than or equal to 8%.The preparation process includes: screening high flash point low-volatile base oil, heating to 50-150 DEG C and removing light component under negative pressure vacuum.The light component is removed from the additive under negative pressure vacuum.The treated base oil is mixed with the additive in proportion, and then vacuum light removal and degassing are carried out at 50-150 DEG C, and the finished product is filled into the pipeline of the displacement filling machine after full replacement.The application significantly improves the flash point of engine oil and reduces volatile loss by the whole-process light removal process, which can greatly reduce the load of engine oil gas separator, improve separation efficiency, solve the problems of high engine oil consumption, poor high-temperature resistance, easy oxidation and deterioration, and high oil sludge and carbon deposition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of lubricant production technology, specifically a process for preparing high flash point, low loss engine oil. Background Technology

[0002] As the global automotive industry shifts towards "low-carbon, high-efficiency, and environmentally friendly" models, engine technology is rapidly evolving. The widespread application of technologies such as turbocharging, direct injection, and Miller cycle has raised engine combustion chamber temperatures to over 2200℃, while crankcase operating temperatures remain consistently between 120-150℃. This places stringent demands on the high-temperature stability and volatility of engine oils. Simultaneously, emission standards such as China VI and Euro VII have reduced limits on particulate matter (PM) and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC) emissions from motor vehicles. Oil vapor from engine oil evaporation is a significant source of NMHC emissions—according to data from the China Society of Automotive Engineers in 2025, approximately 35% of NMHC emissions from vehicles sold in China originate from engine oil vapor. A reduction of 0.1L / 1000km in oil consumption can reduce NMHC emissions by approximately 8g / km. Against this backdrop, high-flash-point, low-loss engine oils have become a core focus of technological development in the industry.

[0003] The current mainstream engine oil manufacturing process has three major flaws that prevent it from meeting the needs of next-generation engines: 1. Residual light components in base oil, resulting in significant evaporation losses: Light components in base oil originate from two sources: the base oil's own distillation range and cross-contamination during storage, transportation, blending, and bottling. Traditional processes rely solely on base oils supplied by raw material suppliers without in-depth removal of light components. Even Group III hydrotreated isomerized base oils retain approximately 5% light components, leading to high noack evaporation losses in engine oil. At high temperatures, these light components rapidly evaporate, forming oil vapor. About 30% of this vapor, not captured by the oil-gas separator, enters the exhaust gas recirculation system with the exhaust gas and ultimately enters the combustion chamber. Because the viscosity of engine oil components is much greater than that of fuel, atomization is poor, resulting in incomplete combustion of these light components. This not only leads to high oil consumption but also increases carbon deposit formation in the combustion chamber, accelerates piston ring wear, and shortens engine life.

[0004] 2. Incomplete removal of light components from additives affects performance stability: In existing processes, additives or compounding agents such as antioxidants and dispersants are directly added to the blending tank. However, most additives (such as amine antioxidants and polyisobutylene succinimide dispersants) have high viscosity, making them inconvenient to handle. To facilitate use during production, approximately 10% of solvent light components are added for dilution. These light components are easily volatile under the high-temperature conditions of the engine, leading to changes in the effective concentration of the additives. Since the viscosity of engine oil additives is much higher than that of the base oil, this increases the viscosity of the engine oil, thereby altering its original performance parameters and affecting its overall performance.

[0005] 3. Light components not removed from finished product: During the blending process of engine oil, base oils share different base oil pipelines and engine oil blending tanks. Furthermore, they also share pipelines and filling machines during the filling process. This process can lead to cross-contamination, which can easily cause light components to enter the finished lubricating oil being filled. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention significantly improves the flash point of engine oil and reduces evaporation loss through a full-process light oil removal process. This greatly reduces the load on the engine oil-gas separator, improves separation efficiency, and solves problems such as high oil consumption, poor high-temperature resistance, easy oxidation and deterioration, and excessive sludge and carbon buildup.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a process for preparing high flash point, low loss engine oil, comprising the following steps: S1: The base oil is subjected to a first vacuum delighting treatment to remove light components from the base oil; S2: The additive is subjected to a second vacuum delighting process to remove the light components from the additive; S3: The base oil treated by S1 is blended with the additives treated by S2 in a certain proportion, and the resulting blended oil is subjected to a third vacuum degassing and light removal treatment to obtain the finished oil. S4: Use the finished oil obtained from S3 to fully replace the filling machine pipeline, and then carry out filling.

[0008] Through the above technical solution, further, in S1, the first vacuum removal of light components includes: heating the base oil to 50-150°C and drawing a vacuum under negative pressure to remove light components.

[0009] Furthermore, the base oil has a flash point ≥220℃ and a NOACK evaporation loss ≤8%.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the base oil is any one or a combination of Group I, Group II, Group III, Group IV, and Group V base oils.

[0011] Furthermore, the base oil is a Group III hydrotreated isomer base oil with a flash point of not less than 220°C, and the heating temperature in step (1) is 90°C.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, in S2, the second vacuum removal of light components includes: heating the additive to 60°C-75°C and drawing a vacuum under negative pressure to remove the light components therein.

[0013] Furthermore, in S3, the third vacuum degassing and light component removal process includes: heating the blended oil to 60°C-110°C and drawing a vacuum under negative pressure to remove light components and gases.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the vacuum degree of the negative pressure is independently controlled within the range of -0.08 MPa to -0.1 MPa (gauge pressure).

[0015] Furthermore, the vacuum level is maintained at -0.095 MPa.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the additive includes at least one of antioxidants and dispersants.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a process for preparing high flash point, low loss engine oil, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Reduced oil consumption and emissions: After the base oil and additives are de-lightened, the oil NOACK evaporation loss and oil consumption rate are greatly reduced, and NMHC emissions are reduced, directly meeting the China VI and above emission standards.

[0018] 2. Reduce the load on the oil-gas separator: Due to the reduction of light components, the oil vapor generated in the crankcase easily condenses into large oil droplets. These large oil droplets easily settle to the oil pan, which reduces the amount of oil vapor entering the exhaust gas recirculation, thereby reducing the workload of the oil-gas separator and extending its service life.

[0019] 3. Improved oil performance stability: After degassing, the light components in the finished lubricating oil are reduced, and the amount of volatiles in the lubricating oil at high temperatures is greatly reduced. This makes the various performance parameters of the lubricating oil more stable, and thus the performance of the lubricating oil is more stable.

[0020] 4. Improved lubrication performance of engine cylinders: Lubricating oil contains light components. These light components, scraped onto the cylinder wall by the piston, easily evaporate in the high-temperature cylinder, reducing the thickness of the lubricating oil film and causing poor lubrication. Furthermore, these evaporated light components are high-molecular-weight combustibles relative to fuel, leading to incomplete combustion. This incomplete combustion produces carbon deposits. These deposits have several effects: First, they adhere to the combustion chamber walls, forming overheated carbon deposits that can easily cause pre-ignition and engine knock, reducing engine lifespan. Second, the piston rings scrape the carbon deposits from the cylinder walls into the lubricating oil, altering its viscosity and low-temperature performance. Third, some carbon deposits are emitted with the exhaust gas, clogging the engine's particulate filter, gradually increasing engine back pressure and reducing engine power.

[0021] This invention removes light components from engine oil through a three-stage vacuum process involving base oil, additives, and the finished product. This process increases the engine oil's flash point and reduces oil loss. This vacuum lubricant removal invention is simple, low-cost, and suitable for various lubricant products with high flash point and volatility requirements. It can be widely used in the production of engine oils, vacuum pump oils, and other lubricants, with a very large market potential and significant economic and environmental value. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the process for preparing a high flash point, low loss engine oil according to the present invention.

[0023] As shown in the figure, the preparation process of the present invention includes: the base oil raw material undergoes a first vacuum delighting treatment, the additive undergoes a second vacuum delighting treatment, then the treated base oil and additive are blended, the blended oil undergoes a third vacuum degassing and delighting treatment, and then it is replaced and filled through pipeline to finally obtain the finished engine oil. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1 Group III hydrotreated isomer base oil (a mixture of No. 6 and No. 4) with an initial flash point of 228°C was used. The base oil was heated to 90°C and vacuumed at -0.095 MPa (gauge pressure) for 1 hour to perform the first vacuum removal treatment.

[0026] Take an additive composition containing antioxidants and dispersants. Heat the additive to 65°C, and then perform a second vacuum removal process for 1 hour under a vacuum of -0.095 MPa.

[0027] The base oil after the first vacuum degassing treatment and the additives after the second vacuum degassing treatment are mixed evenly in a blending vessel according to a preset ratio (e.g., according to the target oil grade). Then, the blended oil is heated to 80°C and subjected to a third vacuum degassing treatment for 1 hour at a vacuum degree of -0.095 MPa to obtain the finished oil.

[0028] The finished oil is used to fully replace the pipelines and filling head of the filling machine, and then quantitative filling is carried out.

[0029] Example 2 Group IV base oil (a mixture of PAO6# and PAO4#) with an initial flash point of 236℃ was used. The base oil was heated to 100℃ and vacuumed at -0.08 MPa (gauge pressure) for 1 hour to perform the first vacuum removal treatment.

[0030] The additive was heated to 70°C and then vacuumed for 1 hour at a vacuum level of -0.08 MPa to perform a second vacuum delighting process.

[0031] The treated base oil was blended with additives, and then the blended oil was heated to 85°C and subjected to a third vacuum degassing and light-weight removal treatment at a vacuum degree of -0.08 MPa for 1 hour to obtain the finished oil. Subsequent filling steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0032] Example 3 A mixture of Group IV base oil PAO10# and Group III hydrotreated isomer base oil 6# was used, with an initial flash point of 264℃. The mixed base oil was heated to 120℃ and subjected to a first vacuum removal process for 1 hour under a vacuum of -0.08 MPa.

[0033] The additive was heated to 68°C and then vacuumed for 1 hour at a vacuum level of -0.08 MPa to perform a second vacuum delighting process.

[0034] The treated base oil was blended with additives, and then the blended oil was heated to 110°C and subjected to a third vacuum degassing and light-weight removal treatment at a vacuum degree of -0.08 MPa for 1 hour to obtain the finished oil. Subsequent filling steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0035] Table 1 Comparison Test Results This invention presents a high-flash-point, low-loss engine oil prepared through rational material selection and optimized processes. In performance tests and practical applications, it outperforms the control sample without light-duty oil removal: the flash point is increased by more than 13°C, and nocturnal emission loss is reduced by more than 40%. Vacuum degassing significantly improves oil-gas separation efficiency, greatly extending the service life of the oil-gas separator. It also reduces pollutant emissions. After driving 10,000 kilometers with engine oils before and after vacuum degassing, a comparison revealed that the cylinder walls after vacuum degassing were significantly brighter than before. Disassembly of the engine valves showed that the valves with the degassed engine oil had virtually no oil residue, while the valves with the undegassed engine oil had relatively noticeable oil residue. Therefore, this invention has significant application and promotion value.

[0036] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A process for preparing high flash point, low loss engine oil, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The base oil is subjected to a first vacuum delighting treatment to remove light components from the base oil; S2: The additive is subjected to a second vacuum delighting process to remove the light components from the additive; S3: The base oil treated by S1 is blended with the additives treated by S2 in a certain proportion, and the resulting blended oil is subjected to a third vacuum degassing and light removal treatment to obtain the finished oil. S4: Use the finished oil obtained from S3 to fully replace the filling machine pipeline, and then carry out filling.

2. The process for preparing a high flash point, low loss engine oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, the first vacuum removal of light components includes: heating the base oil to 50-150°C and drawing a vacuum under negative pressure to remove light components.

3. The process for preparing a high flash point, low loss engine oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base oil has a flash point ≥220℃ and a NOACK evaporation loss ≤8%.

4. The process for preparing a high flash point, low loss engine oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base oil is any one or a combination of Group I, Group II, Group III, Group IV, and Group V base oils.

5. The process for preparing a high flash point, low loss engine oil according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base oil is a Group III hydrotreated isomer base oil with a flash point of not less than 220°C, and the heating temperature in step (1) is 90°C.

6. The process for preparing a high flash point, low loss engine oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the second vacuum removal of light components includes: heating the additive to 60°C-75°C and drawing a vacuum under negative pressure to remove the light components therein.

7. A process for preparing a high flash point, low loss engine oil according to any one of claims 2, 6, or 7, characterized in that: In S3, the third vacuum degassing and light component removal process includes: heating the blended oil to 60°C-110°C and drawing a vacuum under negative pressure to remove light components and gases.

8. The process for preparing a high flash point, low loss engine oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum degree of the negative pressure is independently controlled within the range of -0.08 MPa to -0.1 MPa (gauge pressure).

9. The process for preparing a high flash point, low loss engine oil according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vacuum level is maintained at -0.095 MPa.

10. The process for preparing a high flash point, low loss engine oil according to claim 1, characterized in that: The additives include at least one of antioxidants and dispersants.

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