Gas appliance

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of gas equipment, it is related to gas equipment technical field.The gas equipment includes: gas equipment main body, with multiple fire holes;Optical detection component, is located in the gas equipment main body, for the flame of multiple fire holes is optically detected, and after optical processing, output corresponding multiple target free radical light intensity signal;And control component, with the gas equipment main body electric connection;The control component is used to predict the combustion state of the gas equipment main body according to multiple target free radical light intensity signal;And also for the air-fuel ratio of the gas equipment main body is controlled according to the combustion state of the gas equipment main body, so that the pollutant concentration generated by the gas equipment main body is in the preset concentration range.The application aims at accurately controlling the air-fuel ratio of gas equipment, to reduce the pollutant concentration generated by gas equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas equipment technology, and particularly to a gas equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Gas water heaters, as essential household energy consumers, are widely used due to their efficient and convenient heating characteristics. However, with increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements and emission standards, the emission of harmful pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) during the combustion process of gas water heaters has become a core bottleneck restricting their green development. Therefore, how to achieve both low CO and low NOx emissions and realize accurate online monitoring and active closed-loop control of the combustion status of gas water heaters has become a technical challenge in this field.

[0003] In existing technologies, the detection and control of combustion status in gas water heaters mainly rely on thermocouple temperature measurement, flue gas tail-end analysis, ion current detection, and infrared sensing. However, each of these methods has its own technical drawbacks. Thermocouple temperature measurement and tail-end flue gas analyzers, because the sensors are located downstream of the exhaust gas emission, have a significant time lag in measurement response, making it impossible to reflect the transient combustion state inside the furnace in real time. Furthermore, flue gas detection is primarily for safety monitoring rather than combustion regulation. Traditional detection signals (such as ion current detection signals) carry only a single dimension of combustion characteristic information, making it difficult to distinguish between different types of abnormal operating conditions caused by pollutants such as CO exceeding the standard and NOx exceeding the standard, and lacking the ability to deeply characterize the combustion mechanism. In addition, existing detection quantities are usually single signals, lacking spatial resolution capabilities, and cannot identify combustion anomalies in local flame areas, thus failing to effectively and timely regulate the combustion operation of gas water heaters.

[0004] Therefore, existing gas water heater combustion status detection suffers from detection lag and insufficient information dimensions, resulting in the system's inability to complete a full closed loop of status perception, judgment, and control actions within the time scale of combustion deterioration. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a gas-fired device that accurately controls the air-fuel ratio to reduce the concentration of pollutants generated by the device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a gas-fired device, the gas-fired device comprising: The main body of the gas equipment has multiple flame holes; An optical detection component, disposed in the main body of the gas equipment, is used to optically detect the flames of the multiple flame holes, and output light intensity signals corresponding to multiple target free radicals after optical processing; and The control component is electrically connected to the main body of the gas equipment; The control component is used to predict the combustion state of the main body of the gas equipment based on the light intensity signals of multiple target free radicals; and is also used to control the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment according to the combustion state of the main body of the gas equipment, so that the concentration of pollutants generated by the main body of the gas equipment is within a preset concentration range.

[0007] In one embodiment, the main body of the gas equipment further includes a combustion chamber, a detection chamber, and a partition plate separating the combustion chamber and the detection chamber, wherein a plurality of the flame holes are located in the combustion chamber, and the optical detection component is disposed in the detection chamber; The partition plate has a light-transmitting portion for the optical detection assembly to detect the fire hole.

[0008] In one embodiment, the optical detection component includes: A reflective component, wherein the light inlet end of the reflective component is disposed in the light-transmitting part; the reflective component is used to output the flame light from the flame hole along a first path as a first light ray; An aperture assembly is used to receive the first light ray output by the reflective assembly and output the second light ray after passing the first light ray through a preset aperture. A beam splitter is used to receive the second light beam output by the aperture assembly and split the second light beam into three sub-beams; A filter assembly is used to receive the three sub-light rays and output three filtered light rays corresponding to the center wavelength of the target free radical; The optical sensor assembly is used to receive the filtered light rays corresponding to the center wavelengths of the three target free radicals, and output the light intensity signal after processing.

[0009] In one embodiment, the aperture assembly, beam splitter assembly, filter assembly, and light sensor assembly are positioned in the detection chamber at a location offset from the positions of the plurality of fire holes.

[0010] In one embodiment, the main body of the gas equipment has a smoke outlet, the flame holes face the smoke outlet, and the aperture assembly, beam splitter assembly, filter assembly, and optical sensor assembly are located in the detection chamber in a region on the side of the plurality of flame holes away from the smoke outlet.

[0011] In one embodiment, the filtering assembly includes a first filter, a second filter, and a third filter; the bandwidth of the first filter is from 290 nm to 330 nm; the bandwidth of the second filter is from 410 nm to 450 nm; the bandwidth of the third filter is from 495 nm to 535 nm; and the wavelength detection range of the optical sensor assembly is from 290 nm to 600 nm.

[0012] In one embodiment, the light-transmitting part is a light-transmitting hole; the optical detection component includes a spectral sensor, the light input end of the spectral sensor is connected to the light-transmitting hole; the spectral sensor is used to optically detect the flames of the multiple flame holes, and outputs light intensity signals corresponding to multiple target free radicals after optical processing.

[0013] In one embodiment, the gas equipment body further includes an air supply component for supplying external air; the gas equipment body also includes an air supply channel, the air inlet of the air supply channel is connected to the air supply component, and the air outlet of the air supply channel is connected to the detection chamber, so as to form an air-cooled flow path for the detection chamber. Alternatively, the testing chamber may also be equipped with an air-cooling component, which is electrically connected to the control component.

[0014] In one embodiment, the plurality of target free radicals include hydroxyl radicals, methyst radicals, and two-carbon radicals; the control component is specifically used for: Based on the light intensity signals of hydroxyl radicals, methynyl radicals, and dicarbon radicals, determine the ratio of methynyl radicals to hydroxyl radicals and the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methynyl radicals. The matching relationship between the ratio of methyl ether radicals to hydroxyl radicals, the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methyl ether radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range; When the ratio of acetylene free radicals to hydroxyl free radicals, the ratio of dicarbon free radicals to acetylene free radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range are in a matching relationship, the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment is controlled to remain unchanged. When the ratio of methylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals, the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methylene radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range are not in a matching relationship, the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment is controlled so that the pollutants generated by the gas equipment are within the preset range.

[0015] In one embodiment, the main body of the gas equipment includes: case; A burner is disposed within the housing, and the burner has multiple flame holes; A gas supply assembly is connected to the burner; An air supply assembly is connected to the burner; The control component is electrically connected to the gas supply component, the air supply component, and the optical detection component, respectively. The step of controlling the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment to keep the pollutants generated by the gas equipment within a preset range when the ratios of methylene radicals and hydroxyl radicals, the ratios of dicarbon radicals and methylene radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range are not in a matching relationship specifically includes: When the ratio of methylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals is higher than the upper limit of the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, the gas supply amount of the gas supply component per unit time is reduced. When the ratio of methylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals is lower than the upper limit of the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, the gas supply component increases the gas supply amount per unit time. When the ratio of carbon radicals to methyl ethynylene radicals is higher than the upper limit of the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, the gas supply of the air supply component is increased per unit time.

[0016] In one embodiment, the plurality of target free radicals include hydroxyl radicals, methyst radicals, and two-carbon radicals; the control component is specifically used for: Based on the light intensity signals of hydroxyl radicals, methynyl radicals, and dicarbon radicals, determine the ratio of methynyl radicals to hydroxyl radicals and the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methynyl radicals. Based on the processing of the ratio of methyl ether radicals to hydroxyl radicals and the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methyl ether radicals using a pre-defined processing model, the changing trend of pollutant concentrations in the main body of the gas-fired equipment is predicted. When the trend of pollutant concentration in the main body of the gas equipment is within the preset trend range, the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment is kept constant. When the trend of pollutant concentration in the main body of the gas equipment is not within the preset trend range, the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment is adjusted.

[0017] In one embodiment, the control component is further configured to control the optical detection component to perform optical detection on the multiple flame holes after the gas equipment is powered on, and output light intensity signals corresponding to multiple target free radicals after optical processing; The control component is also used to acquire the light intensity signal before ignition and the light intensity signal after ignition, and to determine the light intensity signals of multiple target free radicals based on the light intensity signal before ignition and the light intensity signal after ignition.

[0018] This invention employs a gas-fired device that can accurately control the air-fuel ratio to reduce the concentration of pollutants generated by the device. The gas-fired device includes a main body, an optical detection component, and a control component. The main body has multiple flame holes, and the optical detection component is located within it. By optically detecting the flames from the multiple flame holes and processing the data optically, the component outputs light intensity signals corresponding to multiple target free radicals to the control component. This allows the control component to predict the combustion state of the main body based on the light intensity signals of the target free radicals. The control component then controls the air-fuel ratio of the main body according to the combustion state, ensuring that the concentration of pollutants generated by the device remains within a preset range. It is understood that the optical detection component continuously detects the flames from the multiple flame holes and outputs corresponding optical detection signals to the control component in real time, enabling the control component to complete closed-loop control of the main body based on the feedback from the optical detection component. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gas equipment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the gas equipment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the gas equipment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of the gas equipment of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of icon numbers: 100. Main body of gas equipment; 110. Combustion chamber; 111. Flame hole; 120. Detection chamber; 130. Partition plate; 131. Light transmission part; 200. Optical detection assembly; 210. Reflection assembly; 220. Aperture assembly; 230. Spectrometer assembly; 240. Filter assembly; 250. Light sensor assembly; 260. Spectrum sensor; 300. Air supply duct.

[0022] The realization of the objective, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Gas water heaters, as essential household energy consumers, are widely used due to their efficient and convenient heating characteristics. However, with increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements and emission standards, the emission of harmful pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) during the combustion process of gas water heaters has become a core bottleneck restricting their green development. Therefore, how to achieve both low CO and low NOx emissions and realize accurate online monitoring and active closed-loop control of the combustion status of gas water heaters has become a technical challenge in this field.

[0025] In existing technologies, the detection and control of combustion status in gas water heaters mainly rely on thermocouple temperature measurement, flue gas tail-end analysis, ion current detection, and infrared sensing. However, each of these methods has its own technical drawbacks. Thermocouple temperature measurement and tail-end flue gas analyzers, because the sensors are located downstream of the exhaust gas emission, have a significant time lag in measurement response, making it impossible to reflect the transient combustion state inside the furnace in real time. Furthermore, flue gas detection is primarily for safety monitoring rather than combustion regulation. Traditional detection signals (such as ion current detection signals) carry only a single dimension of combustion characteristic information, making it difficult to distinguish between different types of abnormal operating conditions caused by pollutants such as CO exceeding the standard and NOx exceeding the standard, and lacking the ability to deeply characterize the combustion mechanism. In addition, existing detection quantities are usually single signals, lacking spatial resolution capabilities, and cannot identify combustion anomalies in local flame areas, thus failing to effectively and timely regulate the combustion operation of gas water heaters.

[0026] Therefore, existing gas water heater combustion status detection suffers from detection lag and insufficient information dimensions, resulting in the system's inability to complete a full closed loop of status perception, judgment, and control actions within the time scale of combustion deterioration.

[0027] To solve the above problems, refer to Figure 1 This invention proposes a gas-fired device, the gas-fired device comprising: The main body of the gas equipment 100 has multiple flame holes 111; An optical detection component 200, disposed in the main body 100 of the gas equipment, is used to optically detect the flames of the plurality of flame holes 111, and output light intensity signals corresponding to the plurality of target free radicals after optical processing; and The control component is electrically connected to the main body 100 of the gas equipment; The control component is used to predict the combustion state of the gas equipment body 100 based on the light intensity signals of multiple target free radicals; and is also used to control the air-fuel ratio of the gas equipment body 100 according to the combustion state of the gas equipment body 100, so that the concentration of pollutants generated by the gas equipment body 100 is within a preset concentration range.

[0028] In this embodiment, the main body 100 of the gas appliance may include a housing, a burner disposed inside the housing, multiple flame holes 111 disposed within the burner, a gas supply component communicating with the burner, and an air supply component communicating with the burner, to achieve heating of the target object. The gas supply component may be a gas proportional valve electrically connected to a control component, and the air supply component may be a fan electrically connected to the control component. For example, if the gas appliance is a gas water heater, the main body 100 of the gas appliance may also include an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and hot water pipes respectively connected to the inlet and outlet pipes. The hot water pipes are heated by the flames generated by the multiple flame holes 111 to heat the water in the hot water pipes. When the gas supply component supplies gas and the air supply component supplies air, the burner will perform an ignition action to ignite the gas output from the multiple flame holes 111. When the gas output from the multiple flame holes 111 is in a combustion state, corresponding pollutants, such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, will be generated. It is understood that the air-fuel ratio is the most crucial and direct factor determining the change in the concentration of pollutants from gas combustion. Changes in the air-fuel ratio directly determine the completeness of the combustion reaction and the temperature distribution in the combustion zone, thus significantly affecting the generation and emission of pollutants such as carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. Therefore, in actual operation, gas-fired equipment controls the air-fuel ratio of the main body 100 of the gas-fired equipment to ensure that the concentration of pollutants generated by the main body 100 of the gas-fired equipment is within a preset concentration range.

[0029] In this embodiment, the optical detection component 200 can be selected according to the specific needs of the gas equipment, such as a spectral sensor or a color sensor. By placing the optical detection component 200 in the main body 100 of the gas equipment, optical detection of the flames in multiple burner holes 111 can be achieved, and after optical processing, the light intensity signals corresponding to multiple target free radicals can be output. It is understood that pollutants are not generated out of thin air; they are the final products of specific chemical reaction pathways during combustion. For example, the formation of most nitrogen oxides in gas combustion is highly dependent on high temperature and oxygen-rich environment. When the flame temperature exceeds 1500°C, nitrogen in the air is broken down and reacts with oxygen to generate nitrogen oxides. Hydroxyl free radicals are the core indicator of high-temperature oxidation reactions, and the luminescence intensity of hydroxyl free radicals directly reflects the overall heat release rate and local temperature of the flame. If an abnormally strong light intensity signal corresponding to hydroxyl free radicals is detected, it indicates that the area is in a state of intense combustion with high temperature and oxygen, which means that the concentration of nitrogen oxides is about to rise. Therefore, hydroxyl free radicals can be used as a precursor indicator for predicting nitrogen oxide concentration. For another example, carbon monoxide is produced by incomplete combustion and thermal cracking of fuel under high temperature and oxygen-deficient conditions. Carbon monoxide formation is a process from gas molecules polymerizing into solid particles. Two-carbon radicals are key intermediate products in the cracking of hydrocarbons and the initial aggregation of carbon atoms to form soot precursors. Therefore, two-carbon radicals can serve as a precursor for predicting nitrogen oxide concentration. The optical detection component 200 can detect flames in any direction from multiple burner holes 111 using the specific structure of the gas equipment body 100. Furthermore, the optical input end of the optical detection component 200 is at a preset height relative to the root of the burner holes 111 to achieve more accurate detection of the flames from multiple burner holes 111. The preset height can be determined based on the corresponding research structure of the gas equipment body 100.

[0030] In this embodiment, the control component can be implemented using a main controller, such as a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), MCU (Microcontroller Unit), DSP (Digital Signal Processor), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or SOC (System-on-Chip). The control component is electrically connected to the gas equipment body 100. Furthermore, the control component is also electrically connected to the optical detection component 200 in the gas equipment body 100 to receive the light intensity signal output by the optical detection component 200. By presetting corresponding thresholds or judgment models in the control component, the combustion state of the gas equipment body 100 can be predicted based on the light intensity signals of multiple target free radicals. Based on this, the control component controls the air-fuel ratio of the gas equipment body 100 to keep the concentration of pollutants generated by the gas equipment body 100 within a preset concentration range. The air-fuel ratio of the gas equipment body 100 can be changed by controlling the supply of gas or air per unit time. The preset concentration range can be set according to local needs; for example, the preset concentration range can be set to a nitrogen oxide emission concentration below 30 ppm and a carbon monoxide concentration below 100 ppm. It is important to note that after the control component controls the air-fuel ratio of the gas equipment body 100, the optical detection component 200 still detects the flame at the burner hole 111 and outputs light intensity signals corresponding to multiple target free radicals. This allows the control component to predict the combustion state of the gas equipment body 100 based on the light intensity signals of the multiple target free radicals. If the predicted pollutant concentration generated by the gas equipment body 100 is still not within the preset concentration range, the control component will again adjust the air-fuel ratio of the gas equipment body 100 based on the light intensity signals of the multiple target free radicals after controlling the air-fuel ratio. Understandably, the changing trend of the light intensity signal provides a reliable and continuous feedback variable for the control components, enabling the control components to complete a complete closed loop of state perception and control response within the time scale of disturbance occurrence, thereby achieving active and precise maintenance of the combustion state.

[0031] This solution employs a gas-fired device that can accurately control the air-fuel ratio, thereby reducing the concentration of pollutants generated by the device. The gas-fired device includes a main body 100, an optical detection component 200, and a control component. The main body 100 has multiple flame holes 111, and the optical detection component 200 is disposed within the main body 100. It optically detects the flames from the multiple flame holes 111, processes the data, and outputs light intensity signals corresponding to multiple target free radicals to the control component. The control component then predicts the combustion state of the main body 100 based on these light intensity signals. The control component controls the air-fuel ratio of the main body 100 according to its combustion state, ensuring that the concentration of pollutants generated by the main body 100 remains within a preset range. It is understood that the optical detection component 200 continuously detects the flames from the multiple flame holes 111 and outputs corresponding optical detection signals to the control component in real time, allowing the control component to complete closed-loop control of the main body 100 based on the feedback from the optical detection component 200.

[0032] refer to Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, the main body 100 of the gas equipment further includes a combustion chamber 110, a detection chamber 120 and a partition plate 130 separating the combustion chamber 110 and the detection chamber 120, a plurality of flame holes 111 are located in the combustion chamber 110, and the optical detection component 200 is disposed in the detection chamber 120. The partition plate 130 has a light-transmitting portion 131 for the optical detection assembly 200 to detect the flame hole 111.

[0033] It is understandable that the film thickness and refractive index of an optical filter change with temperature. Under high-temperature baking, the center wavelength of the filter may shift, causing it to fail to accurately align with the emission peak of the target free radical, resulting in signal attenuation or false detection. Furthermore, color sensors are extremely sensitive to temperature; increased ambient temperature intensifies the thermal motion of electrons within the semiconductor, generating a large amount of dark current (i.e., spurious electrical signals even without light), which severely reduces the signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, in this embodiment, by separating the combustion chamber 110 with multiple flame holes 111 and the detection chamber 120 with the optical detection component 200 using a partition plate 130, the impact of the high temperature in the combustion chamber 110 caused by gas combustion on the optical detection component 200 is reduced. The partition plate 130 has a light-transmitting portion 131 for the optical detection component 200 to detect the flame holes 111, ensuring that the optical detection component 200 can still stably detect the flames of the multiple flame holes 111 within the detection chamber 120. The partition plate 130 can be made of a transparent material, such as high-temperature resistant glass; or it can be made of a transparent material and a heat-insulating material, such as aluminum silicate ceramic fiber board and high-temperature resistant glass, with the high-temperature resistant glass only provided in the light-transmitting part 131. In addition, the light-transmitting part 131 can also be a hole.

[0034] refer to Figure 3 Optionally, the optical detection component 200 includes: A reflective component 210, wherein the light inlet end of the reflective component 210 is disposed on the light-transmitting part 131; the reflective component 210 is used to output the flame light from the flame hole 111 along a first path as a first light. Aperture assembly 220 is used to receive the first light emitted by the reflective assembly 210 and output the second light after passing the first light through a preset aperture; The beam splitter 230 is used to receive the second light beam output by the aperture assembly 220 and split the second light beam into three beams; The filter assembly 240 is used to receive the three sub-light rays and output three filtered light rays corresponding to the center wavelength of the target free radical; The optical sensor assembly 250 is used to receive the filtered light rays corresponding to the center wavelengths of the three target free radicals, and output the light intensity signal after processing.

[0035] It is understandable that although the main body 100 of the gas equipment also has a combustion chamber 110, a detection chamber 120, and a partition plate 130 separating the combustion chamber 110 and the detection chamber 120, the temperature above the flame of the burner hole 111 is still relatively high. Therefore, by placing the optical detection component 200 below the flame of the burner hole 111, the influence of the flame of the burner hole 111 on the optical detection component 200 can be further reduced. However, the optical detection component 200 still needs to receive the flame light from the burner hole 111. Therefore, in this embodiment, a first path is set so that the flame light from the burner hole 111 is conducted along the corresponding path to the area below the burner hole 111. The reflection component 210 can be implemented using at least two reflectors. For example, the reflection component 210 includes a first reflection component 210 and a second reflection component 210. The first reflection component 210 is used to reflect the flame of the burner hole 111, and the second reflection component 210 is used to receive the flame reflected by the first reflection component 210 from the burner hole 111 and reflect the first light to the subsequent optical component. The aperture assembly 220 receives the first light beam output from the reflecting assembly 210 and outputs a second light beam after passing the first light beam through a preset aperture. It can be understood that although the aperture assembly 220 blocks some light, it blocks light beams with messy edges and excessive divergence angles, allowing only the more regular central beam to pass through, thus ensuring that the light entering the beam splitter is controlled, resulting in clearer imaging. The number of apertures in the aperture assembly 220 can be set according to actual needs, and the preset aperture of the aperture assembly 220 can also be set according to actual needs, for example, setting the aperture of the aperture assembly 220 to 3mm. It can be understood that the optical detection assembly 200 needs to detect the light intensity signals of multiple target free radicals. Therefore, by setting the beam splitter 230 to split the second light output from the aperture assembly 220 into three sub-lights, the filter assembly 240 can receive the three sub-lights and output three filtered light rays corresponding to the center wavelength of the target free radical to the light sensor assembly 250. After processing by the light sensor assembly 250, the light intensity signal corresponding to the target free radical is output to the control assembly.

[0036] Optionally, the filter assembly 240 includes a first filter, a second filter, and a third filter; the bandwidth of the first filter is from 290 nm to 330 nm; the bandwidth of the second filter is from 410 nm to 450 nm; the bandwidth of the third filter is from 495 nm to 535 nm; and the wavelength detection range of the optical sensor assembly 250 is from 290 nm to 600 nm.

[0037] Understandably, the strongest emission peak of hydroxyl radicals is located around 306.4 nm, the emission peak of methanyl radicals is around 431.5 nm, and the strongest emission band of dicarbon radicals is around 516.5 nm. Therefore, the first filter is used to capture the filtered light from hydroxyl radicals, the second filter is used to capture the filtered light from methanyl radicals, and the third filter is used to capture the filtered light from dicarbon radicals. The wavelength detection range of the optical sensor assembly 250 is from 290 nm to 600 nm to cover the wavelength range of hydroxyl radicals, methanyl radicals, and dicarbon radicals.

[0038] Optionally, the positions of the aperture assembly 220, the beam splitter assembly 230, the filter assembly 240, and the light sensor assembly 250 within the detection chamber 120 are staggered from the positions of the plurality of fire holes 111.

[0039] In this embodiment, by staggering the positions of the aperture assembly 220, the beam splitter assembly 230, the filter assembly 240, and the optical sensor assembly 250 within the detection chamber 120 from the positions of the multiple flame holes 111, the impact of the heat generated by the combustion of the gas in the flame holes 111 on the optical detection assembly 200 is reduced.

[0040] Optionally, the main body 100 of the gas equipment has a smoke outlet, the flame hole 111 faces the smoke outlet, and the aperture assembly 220, the beam splitter assembly 230, the filter assembly 240 and the light sensor assembly 250 are located in the detection chamber 120 in the area on the side of the plurality of flame holes 111 away from the smoke outlet.

[0041] In this embodiment, the optical detection component 200 is located within the detection chamber 120 on the side of the plurality of flame holes 111 opposite to the smoke outlet. For example, if the gas is output from the flame holes 111 from bottom to top and burns, the optical detection component 200 is located in the lower region of the flame holes 111; if the gas is output from the flame holes 111 from top to bottom and burns, the optical detection component 200 is located in the upper region of the flame holes 111.

[0042] refer to Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, the light-transmitting part 131 is a light-transmitting hole; the optical detection component 200 includes a spectral sensor 260, the light input end of the spectral sensor 260 is connected to the light-transmitting hole; the spectral sensor 260 is used to optically detect the flames of the plurality of flame holes 111, and outputs light intensity signals corresponding to the plurality of target free radicals after optical processing.

[0043] In this embodiment, the optical detection component 200 is implemented using a spectral sensor 260. The spectral sensor 260 includes a spectral sensor body, a light input end, and optical fibers connecting the spectral sensor body and the light input end. The light-transmitting part 131 is a light-transmitting hole. By connecting the light input end to the light-transmitting hole, the flame light from the flame hole 111 is acquired and output via the optical fiber to the spectral sensor body, allowing the spectral sensor body to process the flame light from the flame hole 111. It should be noted that the spectral sensor body has multiple independent spectral channels built-in, covering the ultraviolet-visible band. Furthermore, the spectral sensor body also has a corresponding filtering program built-in to filter the light intensity signals of target free radicals, thereby outputting the corresponding target free radical light intensity signal to the control component.

[0044] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 In one embodiment of the present invention, the main body 100 of the gas equipment further includes an air supply component for supplying external air; the main body of the gas equipment also includes an air supply channel 300, the air inlet of the air supply channel 300 is connected to the air supply component, and the air outlet of the air supply channel 300 is connected to the detection chamber 120, so as to form an air-cooled flow path for the detection chamber 120. Alternatively, the testing chamber 120 may also be equipped with an air-cooling component, which is electrically connected to the control component.

[0045] In this embodiment, the film thickness and refractive index of the optical filter change with temperature. Under high-temperature baking, the center wavelength of the filter may shift, causing it to fail to accurately align with the emission peak of the target free radical, resulting in signal attenuation or false detection. Furthermore, color sensors are extremely sensitive to temperature; increased ambient temperature intensifies the thermal motion of electrons within the semiconductor, generating a large amount of dark current, which severely reduces the signal-to-noise ratio. It is understood that gas appliances typically include an air supply component to regulate the air-fuel ratio of the gas appliance body 100. Therefore, by setting up an air supply channel 300, connecting its inlet to the air supply component, and its outlet to the detection chamber 120, the air supply component is reused. External air is supplied to the detection chamber 120 through the air supply component, forming a wind-cooled flow path. The external air input through the air supply channel 300 can be discharged through the smoke outlet, thereby reducing the temperature inside the detection chamber 120 and ensuring the stable operation of the optical detection component 200.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of target free radicals include hydroxyl radicals, methynyl radicals, and two-carbon radicals; the control component is specifically used for: Step S100: Determine the ratio of hydroxyl radical to hydroxyl radical and the ratio of dicarbon radical to methyst radical based on the light intensity signals of hydroxyl radical, methyst radical and dicarbon radical; Step S200: Based on the matching relationship between the ratio of methyst radicals to hydroxyl radicals, the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methyst radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range; Step S300: When the ratio of acetylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals, the ratio of dicarbon radicals to acetylene radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range are in a matching relationship, the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment is kept constant. Step S400: When the ratio of methyl ether radicals to hydroxyl radicals, the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methyl ether radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range are not in a matching relationship, control the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment so that the pollutants generated by the gas equipment are within the preset range.

[0047] In this embodiment, the light intensity signal of the target free radicals can be acquired through an optical detection component. The target free radicals are hydroxyl radicals, methanyl radicals, and dicarbon radicals. It is understood that the formation of most nitrogen oxides during fuel combustion is highly dependent on high temperature and oxygen-rich environments. When the flame temperature exceeds 1500°C, nitrogen in the air is broken down and reacts with oxygen to generate nitrogen oxides. Hydroxyl radicals are a core indicator of high-temperature oxidation reactions; their luminescence intensity directly reflects the overall heat release rate and local temperature of the flame. If an abnormally strong light intensity signal corresponding to hydroxyl radicals is detected, it indicates that the region is in a state of intense combustion under high temperature and oxygen-rich conditions, which means that the concentration of nitrogen oxides is about to rise. Therefore, hydroxyl radicals can serve as a leading indicator for predicting nitrogen oxide concentration. Carbon monoxide is produced by incomplete combustion and thermal cracking of fuel under high temperature and oxygen-deficient conditions. Dicarbon radicals are key intermediate products during hydrocarbon cracking and the initial aggregation of carbon atoms to form soot precursors; while methanyl radicals are more related to normal oxidation reactions. Therefore, a significant increase in the light intensity signal corresponding to dicarbon radicals, or an abnormally increased ratio of dicarbon radicals to asyne radicals, indicates that severe fuel cracking is occurring in a localized area, resulting in poor mixing and oxygen deficiency. This foreshadows the imminent generation of large quantities of soot particles or carbon monoxide.

[0048] Understandably, in the actual operating environment of a gas water heater, the absolute light intensity of a single free radical is affected by various non-combustion factors, such as optical window contamination from carbon deposits or dust buildup due to long-term use, sensor aging causing sensitivity degradation of photoelectric components over time, and blackbody radiation fluctuations caused by temperature changes in the combustion chamber 110. Therefore, if the light intensity signal of a single free radical is used, the control component may misjudge and incorrectly adjust the air-fuel ratio of the gas appliance body 100. However, by determining the ratio of methylene free radicals to hydroxyl free radicals, and the ratio of dicarbon free radicals to methylene free radicals, it is possible to determine that these free radicals are in the same flame region and are subject to the same hardware attenuation and background interference. When calculating the ratios, these common-mode interferences are automatically canceled out, thus ensuring that the detected trend is purely caused by the combustion chemical reaction.

[0049] In this embodiment, the control component incorporates a preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range. This preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range was determined by researchers based on experiments conducted under the same gas equipment structure and all operating conditions. For example, when the ratio of methylenetetramine radicals to hydroxyl radicals is between 0.15 and 0.25, it can be confirmed that the oxygen in the combustion chamber is relatively sufficient, and the fuel combustion is relatively complete, corresponding to the pollutant emission threshold range. In other words, the ratio of methylenetetramine radicals to hydroxyl radicals matches the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range. The ratio of dicarbon radicals to methylenetetramine radicals needs to be determined by whether it exhibits a single-peak characteristic of "increasing first and then decreasing." By monitoring this ratio, the degree to which the current combustion state deviates from the optimal stoichiometric ratio can be inferred. When this ratio exceeds its peak and remains high, it clearly indicates that the combustion chamber has entered a state of rich combustion. This is easily accompanied by a sharp increase in incomplete combustion products such as carbon monoxide and soot. In other words, the ratio of carbon monoxide radicals to hydroxyl radicals corresponding to the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range exhibits a linear characteristic. The linear characteristic of the carbon monoxide radical to hydroxyl radical ratio matches the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, meaning the ratio of carbon monoxide radicals to hydroxyl radicals matches the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range. Therefore, by determining the matching relationship between the ratio of hydroxyl radicals to hydroxyl radicals, the ratio of carbon monoxide radicals to hydroxyl radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, the control component can predict the changes in pollutant concentration in the main body 100 of the gas equipment. When the ratios of methylenetetramine radicals and hydroxyl radicals, and the ratio of dicarbon radicals and methylenetetramine radicals, are matched with the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, the pollutant concentration in the main body 100 of the gas equipment can be determined to be within the preset concentration variation range, thereby controlling the air-fuel ratio of the main body 100 of the gas equipment to remain constant. When the ratios of methylenetetramine radicals and hydroxyl radicals, and the ratio of dicarbon radicals and methylenetetramine radicals, are not matched with the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, the air-fuel ratio of the main body 100 of the gas equipment is controlled to ensure that the pollutants generated by the gas equipment are within the preset concentration range. The preset concentration range can be set according to actual needs and built into the control component; for example, the preset concentration range can be set to a nitrogen oxide emission concentration below 30 ppm and a carbon monoxide concentration below 100 ppm.

[0050] Optionally, the main body 100 of the gas equipment includes: a housing; a burner disposed within the housing, the burner having a plurality of flame holes 111; a gas supply component communicating with the burner; an air supply component communicating with the burner; and a control component electrically connected to the gas supply component, the air supply component, and the optical detection component 200, respectively. The step of controlling the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment to keep the pollutants generated by the gas equipment within a preset range when the ratio of methylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals, the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methylene radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range are not in a matching relationship specifically comprises: Step S410: When the ratio of acetylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals is higher than the upper limit of the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, reduce the gas supply amount of the gas supply component per unit time. Step S420: When the ratio of acetylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals is lower than the upper limit of the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, increase the gas supply amount of the gas supply component per unit time. Step S430: When the ratio of carbon radicals to methyl ethynylene radicals is higher than the upper limit of the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, increase the amount of gas supplied by the air supply component per unit time.

[0051] Understandably, when the ratio of methylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals is higher than the upper limit of the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, it indicates that the current combustion state is biased towards fuel richness, with severe fuel cracking and a risk of generating pollutants such as carbon monoxide. Therefore, the gas supply component should be reduced in terms of the gas supply rate per unit time. When the ratio of methylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals is lower than the upper limit of the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, it indicates that the current combustion state is biased towards fuel leanness. Although soot is less likely to be generated, it may lead to a decrease in combustion temperature or flame instability. Therefore, the gas supply component should be increased in terms of the gas supply rate per unit time. When the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methylene radicals is higher than the upper limit of the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, it indicates severe oxygen deficiency in local areas, with a large amount of soot precursors being generated, posing a risk of generating carbon monoxide. Therefore, the gas supply component should be increased in terms of the gas supply rate per unit time.

[0052] Optionally, the plurality of target free radicals include hydroxyl radicals, methynyl radicals, and two-carbon radicals; the control component is specifically used for: Step S500: Determine the ratio of hydroxyl radical to hydroxyl radical and the ratio of dicarbon radical to methyst radical based on the light intensity signals of hydroxyl radical, methyst radical and dicarbon radical; Step S600: Based on the preset processing model, the ratio of formylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals and the ratio of two-carbon radicals to formylene radicals are processed to predict the changing trend of pollutant concentration in the main body of the gas equipment. Step S700: When the trend of pollutant concentration in the main body of the gas equipment is within the preset trend range, control the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment to remain unchanged; Step S800: When the trend of pollutant concentration in the main body of the gas equipment is not within the preset trend range, adjust the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment.

[0053] In this embodiment, the control component incorporates a pre-defined processing model to process the ratios of methylenetetramine radicals to hydroxyl radicals and the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methylenetetramine radicals, predicting the changing trends of pollutant concentrations in the main body 100 of the gas appliance. This pre-defined processing model was trained by researchers under the same gas appliance and all operating conditions. For example, the light intensity signals of pre-processed hydroxyl radicals, methylenetetramine radicals, and dicarbon radicals are used as inputs, along with the ratios of methylenetetramine radicals to hydroxyl radicals and dicarbon radicals to methylenetetramine radicals. All ratios of methylenetetramine radicals to hydroxyl radicals and dicarbon radicals to methylenetetramine radicals are then Z-score standardized. The machine learning model employs a lightweight architecture to accommodate the computing power and storage constraints of the gas water heater's main controller. In this embodiment, a random forest regressor is used. The training dataset is constructed as follows: a full-condition calibration experiment is conducted on a standard test bench before the gas appliance leaves the factory. The operating condition matrix is ​​designed as follows: load rate with 6 levels (25%, 35%, 50%, 65%, 80%, 100%), inlet water temperature with 5 levels (5℃, 10℃, 20℃, 30℃, 40℃), gas Wobbe number with 3 levels (corresponding to the typical Wobbe number of 12T natural gas and its ±15% deviation, simulating gas quality fluctuations), ambient temperature with 3 levels (10℃, 25℃, 40℃), and staged combustion state with 3 levels (single-stage combustion, two-stage combustion, full-stage combustion). A total of 6 × 5 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 810 operating condition combinations are generated. Under each operating condition combination, after the gas equipment has been running stably for at least 3 minutes, data acquisition is performed simultaneously to obtain sample data. 80% of the sample data is randomly selected as the training set, and the remaining 20% ​​is used as the validation set. During training, 5-fold cross-validation is used to evaluate model performance, with the coefficient of determination as the evaluation index. The target performance of the model on the validation set is: NO concentration prediction coefficient of determination > 0.9; CO concentration prediction coefficient of determination > 0.9. If the model performance does not meet the above targets, the hyperparameters will be adjusted or the training samples will be increased before retraining. The trained model is exported as a C language array and embedded in the firmware program of the control component.

[0054] In this embodiment, the preset processing model in the control component predicts the changing trend of pollutant concentration in the main body 100 of the gas equipment based on the processing of the ratio of methylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals and the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methylene radicals. It then determines whether the changing trend of pollutant concentration in the main body 100 of the gas equipment is within a preset changing trend range. If the changing trend of pollutant concentration in the main body 100 of the gas equipment is within the preset changing trend range, the air-fuel ratio of the main body 100 of the gas equipment is kept constant; if the changing trend of pollutant concentration in the main body 100 of the gas equipment is not within the preset changing trend range, the air-fuel ratio of the main body 100 of the gas equipment is adjusted. The preset changing trend range can be set according to actual needs to achieve the rate of adjustment of pollutant concentration generated by the main body 100 of the gas equipment. The preset changing trend range can be set according to a preset concentration range; for example, the preset changing trend range for nitrogen oxides can be set to within 10 ppm per unit time, and the preset changing trend range for carbon monoxide can be set to within 30 ppm per unit time.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control component is further configured to control the optical detection component 200 to perform optical detection on the plurality of flame holes 111 after the gas equipment is powered on, and output light intensity signals corresponding to the plurality of target free radicals after optical processing. The control component is also used to acquire the light intensity signal before ignition and the light intensity signal after ignition, and to determine the light intensity signals of multiple target free radicals based on the light intensity signal before ignition and the light intensity signal after ignition.

[0056] In this embodiment, to improve the reliability of the light intensity signal input to the optical detection component 200, the control component will control the optical detection component 200 to perform optical detection on multiple burner holes 111 after the gas equipment is powered on. Specifically, after the gas equipment is powered on, the optical detection component 200 will acquire the light intensity signal of the multiple burner holes 111 before they are in a combustion state and output it to the control component. This allows the control component to acquire and store the dark current values ​​of each channel before ignition. This enables the control component to subtract the corresponding value of the light intensity signal after ignition when the optical detection component 200 acquires the light intensity signal of the multiple burner holes 111 in a combustion state and outputs it to the control component, thereby improving the reliability of the light intensity signal through dark current elimination. Furthermore, the control component will also take the arithmetic average of the light intensity values ​​in groups of multiple sampling periods to smooth short-term random noise. Based on this, the control component will further perform EMA filtering on the averaged data to obtain a more accurate light intensity signal.

[0057] The above description is merely an optional embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structural transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas-fired device, characterized in that, The gas equipment includes: The main body of the gas equipment has multiple flame holes; An optical detection component, disposed in the main body of the gas equipment, is used to optically detect the flames of the multiple flame holes, and output light intensity signals corresponding to multiple target free radicals after optical processing; and The control component is electrically connected to the main body of the gas equipment; The control component is used to predict the combustion state of the main body of the gas equipment based on the light intensity signals of multiple target free radicals; and is also used to control the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment according to the combustion state of the main body of the gas equipment, so that the concentration of pollutants generated by the main body of the gas equipment is within a preset concentration range. The target free radicals include hydroxyl radicals, methynyl radicals, and two-carbon radicals; the control component is specifically used for: Based on the light intensity signals of hydroxyl radicals, methynyl radicals, and dicarbon radicals, determine the ratio of methynyl radicals to hydroxyl radicals and the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methynyl radicals. The matching relationship between the ratio of methyl ether radicals to hydroxyl radicals, the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methyl ether radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range; When the ratio of acetylene free radicals to hydroxyl free radicals, the ratio of dicarbon free radicals to acetylene free radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range are in a matching relationship, the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment is controlled to remain unchanged. When the ratio of acetylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals, the ratio of dicarbon radicals to acetylene radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range are not in a matching relationship, the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment is controlled so that the pollutants generated by the gas equipment are within the preset range. The main body of the gas equipment also has a combustion chamber, a detection chamber, and a partition plate separating the combustion chamber and the detection chamber. The plurality of flame holes are located in the combustion chamber, and the optical detection component is located in the detection chamber. The partition plate has a light-transmitting portion for the optical detection assembly to detect the fire hole; The main body of the gas equipment also has an air supply component for supplying external air; the main body of the gas equipment also includes an air supply channel, the air inlet of the air supply channel is connected to the air supply component, and the air outlet of the air supply channel is connected to the detection chamber, so as to form an air-cooled flow path for the detection chamber.

2. A gas-fired device, characterized in that, The gas equipment includes: The main body of the gas equipment has multiple flame holes; An optical detection component, disposed in the main body of the gas equipment, is used to optically detect the flames of the multiple flame holes, and output light intensity signals corresponding to multiple target free radicals after optical processing; and The control component is electrically connected to the main body of the gas equipment; The control component is used to predict the combustion state of the main body of the gas equipment based on the light intensity signals of multiple target free radicals; and is also used to control the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment according to the combustion state of the main body of the gas equipment, so that the concentration of pollutants generated by the main body of the gas equipment is within a preset concentration range. The target free radicals include hydroxyl radicals, methynyl radicals, and two-carbon radicals; the control component is specifically used for: Based on the light intensity signals of hydroxyl radicals, methynyl radicals, and dicarbon radicals, determine the ratio of methynyl radicals to hydroxyl radicals and the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methynyl radicals. Based on the processing of the ratio of methyl ether radicals to hydroxyl radicals and the ratio of dicarbon radicals to methyl ether radicals using a pre-defined processing model, the changing trend of pollutant concentrations in the main body of the gas-fired equipment is predicted. When the trend of pollutant concentration in the main body of the gas equipment is within the preset trend range, the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment is kept constant. When the trend of pollutant concentration in the main body of the gas equipment is not within the preset trend range, the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment is adjusted. The main body of the gas equipment also has a combustion chamber, a detection chamber, and a partition plate separating the combustion chamber and the detection chamber. The plurality of flame holes are located in the combustion chamber, and the optical detection component is located in the detection chamber. The partition plate has a light-transmitting portion for the optical detection assembly to detect the fire hole; The main body of the gas equipment also has an air supply component for supplying external air; the main body of the gas equipment also includes an air supply channel, the air inlet of the air supply channel is connected to the air supply component, and the air outlet of the air supply channel is connected to the detection chamber, so as to form an air-cooled flow path for the detection chamber.

3. The gas appliance as described in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The optical detection component includes: A reflective component, wherein the light inlet end of the reflective component is disposed in the light-transmitting part; the reflective component is used to output the flame light from the flame hole along a first path as a first light ray; An aperture assembly is used to receive the first light ray output by the reflective assembly and output the second light ray after passing the first light ray through a preset aperture. A beam splitter is used to receive the second light beam output by the aperture assembly and split the second light beam into three sub-beams; A filter assembly is used to receive the three sub-light rays and output three filtered light rays corresponding to the center wavelength of the target free radical; The optical sensor assembly is used to receive the filtered light rays corresponding to the center wavelengths of the three target free radicals, and output the light intensity signal after processing.

4. The gas equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The aperture assembly, beam splitter assembly, filter assembly, and light sensor assembly are positioned in the detection chamber at a location offset from the positions of the plurality of fire holes.

5. The gas appliance as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The main body of the gas equipment has a smoke outlet, and the flame holes face the smoke outlet. The aperture assembly, beam splitter assembly, filter assembly, and optical sensor assembly are located in the detection chamber on the side of the plurality of flame holes away from the smoke outlet.

6. The gas equipment as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The filtering assembly includes a first filter, a second filter, and a third filter; the bandwidth of the first filter is from 290nm to 330nm; the bandwidth of the second filter is from 410nm to 450nm; the bandwidth of the third filter is from 495nm to 535nm; and the wavelength detection range of the optical sensor assembly is from 290nm to 600nm.

7. The gas appliance as described in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The light-transmitting part is a light-transmitting hole; the optical detection component includes a spectral sensor, the light input end of which is connected to the light-transmitting hole; the spectral sensor is used to optically detect the flames of the multiple flame holes, and outputs light intensity signals corresponding to multiple target free radicals after optical processing.

8. The gas appliance as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main body of the gas equipment includes: case; A burner is disposed within the housing, and the burner has multiple flame holes; A gas supply assembly is connected to the burner; An air supply assembly is connected to the burner; The control component is electrically connected to the gas supply component, the air supply component, and the optical detection component, respectively. The step of controlling the air-fuel ratio of the main body of the gas equipment to keep the pollutants generated by the gas equipment within a preset range when the ratios of methylene radicals and hydroxyl radicals, the ratios of dicarbon radicals and methylene radicals, and the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range are not in a matching relationship specifically includes: When the ratio of methylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals is higher than the upper limit of the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, the gas supply amount of the gas supply component per unit time is reduced. When the ratio of methylene radicals to hydroxyl radicals is lower than the upper limit of the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, the gas supply component increases the gas supply amount per unit time. When the ratio of carbon radicals to methyl ethynylene radicals is higher than the upper limit of the preset pollutant emission threshold mapping range, the air supply component increases the air supply volume per unit time.

9. The gas appliance as described in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The control component is also used to control the optical detection component to perform optical detection on multiple flame holes after the gas equipment is powered on, and output light intensity signals corresponding to multiple target free radicals after optical processing. The control component is also used to acquire the light intensity signal before ignition and the light intensity signal after ignition, and to determine the light intensity signals of multiple target free radicals based on the light intensity signal before ignition and the light intensity signal after ignition.

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