Engine rain and hail detection control and adjustment method and system

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of civil aviation engine control and airworthiness certification, more particularly, to an engine rain and hail detection control adjustment method and system. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring engine operation data in real time; performing first judgment based on a first parameter set; performing second judgment based on a second parameter set, the second judgment being an analysis and judgment on whether the second condition is met by combining the first specified position temperature of the second parameter set, and if the second condition is met, entering third judgment; performing third judgment based on a third parameter set, the third judgment being an analysis and judgment on whether the third condition is met by combining the second specified position temperature of the third parameter set, and if the third condition is met, the engine enters a rain and hail control mode. Based on the influence analysis of the working characteristics of the engine under the condition of rain and hail, the accuracy of detection is improved through three analysis and judgments, and the adverse effects of rain and hail on the engine are effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil aircraft engine control and airworthiness certification, and more specifically, to a method and system for detecting, controlling, and adjusting engine rain and hail inhalation. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of aviation technology, the performance of engines under different weather conditions has gradually attracted attention, especially in rainy or hailous environments. Rain and hail ingestion can adversely affect the performance of aircraft engines, leading to a series of operational anomalies such as surge, stall, and engine failure, threatening flight safety.

[0003] To ensure civil aviation safety, aviation authorities in many countries and regions, including the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration, the European Aviation Safety Agency, and the Civil Aviation Administration of China, have established airworthiness standards for aircraft engines ingesting rain and hail. For example, the rain and hail clause in Article 33.78 of the Airworthiness Regulations for Aircraft Engines (CCAR-33R2) requires that when an engine encounters rain and hail as defined in Appendix B of the regulations, the engine must not shut down, reduce its RPM, experience persistent or irreversible surge or stall, or lose its acceleration and deceleration capabilities during any continuous 3-minute rain cycle and any continuous 30-second hail cycle. It must also be demonstrated that there is no unacceptable mechanical damage, unacceptable power or thrust loss, or other adverse engine anomalies after the hail ingested.

[0004] Therefore, when an engine encounters the risk of inhaling rain or hail, in order to maintain the safe operation of the engine, it is necessary to detect the inhalation of rain or hail in a timely manner and make the engine respond and adjust quickly to avoid dangerous situations, thereby improving the engine's ability to operate safely in extreme rain or hail environments.

[0005] Existing technologies have proposed various technical solutions for detecting and controlling rain or hail inhalation, covering methods such as temperature sensors, electrostatic detection, and noise monitoring. These technologies can monitor the situation of rain and hail inhalation in engines from multiple perspectives. However, these technologies have some problems in practical applications, which limit their application effectiveness in the field of engine rain and hail inhalation detection and control.

[0006] Existing monitoring methods often rely on single sensors, such as using temperature changes to infer whether rain or hail has been sucked into the engine. While these methods can provide preliminary detection results, the significant differences in precipitation patterns and particle sizes often make it difficult to comprehensively assess the quantity and impact of sucked-in water or hail. Consequently, the engine's control system struggles to respond promptly and accurately during precipitation or hail, potentially leading to over-intervention or failure to address potential threats in a timely manner.

[0007] Furthermore, most existing technologies fail to adequately account for sensor errors caused by water or hail ingress. For example, rainwater or hail may adhere to temperature sensors, leading to inaccurate sensor readings and affecting the normal judgment of the engine control system. This can cause abnormalities in engine control parameters, further impacting the engine's operating status.

[0008] Finally, methods such as electrostatic and noise measurement are difficult to measure accurately in complex engine environments, and they basically do not involve calculating the amount of rain and hail absorbed by the engine or judging whether the engine's operating status needs to be adjusted.

[0009] Therefore, the existing technology for detecting and controlling engine rain and hail inhalation is not accurate or comprehensive enough, and further improvement and optimization are urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for detecting and controlling rain and hail in an engine, which solves the problem that the existing technology has a single method for detecting rain and hail and lacks comprehensive analysis of water intake and particle size.

[0011] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method and system for detecting and controlling rain and hail in an engine, thereby addressing the problem in the prior art of neglecting the influence of sensor errors in rain and hail detection.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for detecting and controlling engine rain and hail inhalation, comprising the following steps:

[0013] Real-time acquisition of engine operating data, the engine operating data including a first set of parameters, a second set of parameters and a third set of parameters;

[0014] The first judgment is made based on the first parameter set. The first judgment is to analyze and judge whether the first condition is met by combining the fluctuation range of the first parameter set. If the condition is met, the second judgment is performed.

[0015] A second judgment is made based on the second parameter set. The second judgment is to analyze and judge whether the second condition is met by combining the temperature of the first specified location in the second parameter set. If the condition is met, the third judgment is performed.

[0016] A third judgment is made based on the third parameter set. The third judgment is to analyze and judge whether the third condition is met by combining the temperature at the second specified location of the third parameter set. If the condition is met, the engine enters the rain and hail suction control mode.

[0017] In some embodiments, the engine operating data includes:

[0018] The total inlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor is T25.

[0019] Total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor;

[0020] Fuel consumption;

[0021] Ambient air temperature T0;

[0022] Flight Mach number Ma;

[0023] Engine low-pressure speed N1;

[0024] Engine high-pressure shaft speed N2.

[0025] In some embodiments, the first determination step further includes:

[0026] Fluctuation processing is applied to the data in the first parameter set;

[0027] Determine the data fluctuation range of the first parameter set;

[0028] If the fluctuation of all parameters in the first parameter set exceeds the corresponding specified threshold, then the first condition is considered to be met.

[0029] In some embodiments, the first parameter set includes the total inlet temperature T25 of the high-pressure compressor, the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor, and the fuel consumption.

[0030] The first determination step further includes:

[0031] If the decrease in the total inlet temperature T25 of the high-pressure compressor exceeds the first preset threshold, the decrease in the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor exceeds the second preset threshold, and the increase in fuel consumption exceeds the third preset threshold within a certain period of time, then the first condition is considered to be met.

[0032] In some embodiments, the fluctuation processing of the first parameter set data further includes:

[0033] The average value of the data in the first parameter set is taken over consecutive time intervals.

[0034] In some embodiments, the second set of parameters includes the ambient temperature T0, the flight Mach number Ma, and the engine low-pressure speed N1; the temperature at the first designated location is the total inlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor T25.

[0035] The second determination step further includes:

[0036] Based on the ambient temperature T0, flight Mach number Ma and engine low-pressure speed N1, calculate the theoretical total temperature T25c at the high-pressure compressor inlet under engine operating conditions.

[0037] Compare the theoretical total temperature T25c at the inlet of the high-pressure compressor with the total temperature T25 at the inlet of the high-pressure compressor;

[0038] If the decrease in the total inlet temperature T25 of the high-pressure compressor compared to the theoretical total inlet temperature T25c of the high-pressure compressor exceeds the fourth preset threshold, then the second condition is considered to be met.

[0039] In some embodiments, the third parameter set includes the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor, as the temperature at the second specified location;

[0040] The third determination step further includes:

[0041] Calculate the temperature difference ΔT3 of the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor over a certain period of time;

[0042] If the temperature difference ΔT3 is greater than the fifth preset threshold, then the third condition is considered to be met.

[0043] In some embodiments, the third parameter set includes the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor and the high-pressure shaft speed N2 of the engine, wherein the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor is the temperature at a second specified location;

[0044] The third determination step further includes:

[0045] Calculate the temperature difference ΔT3 of the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor over a certain period of time;

[0046] Determine the operating range of the engine in the relationship diagram between temperature difference ΔT3 and engine high-pressure shaft speed N2;

[0047] If the temperature difference ΔT3 is greater than the fifth preset threshold and the engine operating area is in a specific region, then the third condition is considered to be met.

[0048] In some embodiments, when the third condition is not met, the sensor for the temperature at the first designated location is distorted, and the engine maintains the current control mode.

[0049] In some embodiments, when a third condition is met, the engine switches to a rain and hail control mode, adjusting the variable geometry control mechanism and / or fuel flow of the engine control system:

[0050] The variable geometry control mechanism includes an adjustable vent valve and adjustable stator blades.

[0051] In some embodiments, the engine maintains the current control mode when either the first condition or the second condition is not met.

[0052] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an engine rain and hail detection and control system, comprising at least a processor and a memory:

[0053] Memory is used to store instructions that can be executed by the processor;

[0054] A processor for executing the instructions to implement the method as described above.

[0055] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a computer-readable medium having computer instructions stored thereon, wherein when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method described above is performed.

[0056] The engine rain and hail detection control and adjustment method and system proposed in this invention are based on the influence analysis of the engine's working characteristics under rain and hail conditions. Through three analysis and judgment, the detection accuracy is improved, and the engine's control mode can be selected and determined under rain and hail weather. It can effectively reduce the adverse effects of rain and hail on the engine and is easy to implement on the engine. Attached Figure Description

[0057] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which the same reference numerals always denote the same features, wherein:

[0058] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the steps of an engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed.

[0059] Figure 2 A flowchart of an engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0061] When an engine ingests rain or hail, it's crucial to promptly monitor the amount of water or hail to ensure a swift engine response and prevent potential hazards. Small amounts of rain or hail can actually be beneficial to engine performance. However, large quantities of rain or hail can trigger dangerous problems such as compressor surge and stall, or combustion chamber flameout. Therefore, proper control and regulation of rain and hail intake are essential.

[0062] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes an engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method. This method comprehensively considers the engine's operating status and the flow rate and size of rain and hail. Through multiple analyses and judgments, it determines whether intervention and adjustment of the engine's rain and hail absorption status are necessary.

[0063] Figure 1 A step diagram of an engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed, as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the present invention proposes an engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method, which includes the following steps:

[0064] Step S1: Acquire engine operating data in real time, the engine operating data including a first parameter set, a second parameter set, and a third parameter set;

[0065] Step S2: Make a first judgment based on the first parameter set. The first judgment is to analyze and judge whether the first condition is met by combining the fluctuation range of the first parameter set. If the condition is met, proceed to the second judgment.

[0066] Step S3: Perform a second judgment based on the second parameter set. The second judgment is to analyze and judge whether the second condition is met by combining the temperature at the first specified location of the second parameter set. If the condition is met, proceed to the third judgment.

[0067] Step S4: Make a third judgment based on the third parameter set. The third judgment is to analyze and judge whether the third condition is met by combining the temperature at the second specified location of the third parameter set. If the condition is met, the engine enters the rain and hail suction control mode.

[0068] This invention reveals a close relationship between the impact of rain and hail suction on engine performance and the amount of rain and hail suction and the particle size:

[0069] When a small amount of rainwater or hail is sucked into the engine, these particles undergo phase change processes such as evaporation, melting, and sublimation as they flow through the compression components. This causes the temperature of the compression components to decrease, thereby reducing the compression work and increasing the pressure ratio of the compression components. This is beneficial to the engine's performance and no special treatment measures are required.

[0070] However, as the flow rate and particle size of rainwater and hail drawn into the engine increase, their negative impact on engine performance gradually becomes apparent. For example, it may cause compressor surge and stall, reduced combustion efficiency, decreased thrust, and increased instrument sensing errors, which in turn can lead to engine runaway and other problems.

[0071] In this case, the impact of the engine inhaling rain and hail needs to be considered, and the engine control mode needs to be adjusted accordingly.

[0072] This invention reveals that under rain and hail conditions, the engine's performance is not only directly affected by the fan turbocharger, compressor, and combustion chamber, but may also be affected by the engine's control system, leading to abnormal operation of various engine components and the entire engine.

[0073] When rain or hail moves inside the engine, it may adhere to sensors. Due to the temperature difference between the rainwater and the airflow, this can cause temperature sensors, such as the engine fan inlet total temperature T12 and the high-pressure compressor inlet total temperature T25, to read lower temperatures. Furthermore, the main fuel control unit may alter the position of the adjustable stator blades of the high-pressure compressor, causing a mismatch between compressor operation and airflow conditions. This can lead to compressor surge, stall, and other engine control logic errors, seriously threatening engine safety. Therefore, the impact of instrument sensor errors must be considered when analyzing the engine's rain and hail ingress characteristics.

[0074] This invention proposes an engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method. Starting from the engine's operating state and considering its working characteristics under rain and hail conditions, it employs three judgment analyses (parameter fluctuation, theoretical comparison, and temperature difference analysis) to assess the impact of rain and hail from multiple dimensions. This avoids simple threshold judgments, improving detection accuracy. By dynamically determining whether to adjust the control mode, it minimizes the negative impact of rain and hail on engine performance. Furthermore, it considers the influence of instrument sensor errors and corrects sensor readings when necessary, further ensuring the accuracy of engine control.

[0075] Relying on a single judgment may lead to over- or under-adjustment. For example, in cases with low water volume or small particles, directly triggering a control mode switch might over-intervene and affect normal engine operation, potentially causing other problems. Multiple judgments are used to progressively screen risks and ensure accurate assessment. The second judgment is a preliminary evaluation of whether rain and hail ingestion will affect the engine control system, helping to narrow down the problem area. The third judgment further quantifies the water inflow into the core engine and, based on this information, decides whether specific adjustment measures are needed, ensuring no excessive intervention.

[0076] Figure 2 A flowchart of an engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present invention is disclosed below. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The present invention provides a detailed description of the specific steps of the engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method proposed herein. It should be understood that, within the scope of this invention, the above-described technical features and the technical features specifically described below (such as in the embodiments) can be combined and correlated with each other to constitute preferred technical solutions.

[0077] Step S1: Acquire engine operating data in real time, the engine operating data including a first parameter set, a second parameter set, and a third parameter set.

[0078] In this embodiment, the engine operating data includes:

[0079] The total inlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor is T25.

[0080] Total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor;

[0081] Fuel consumption;

[0082] Ambient air temperature T0;

[0083] Flight Mach number Ma;

[0084] Engine low-pressure speed N1;

[0085] Engine high-pressure shaft speed N2.

[0086] These data will be used to assess and analyze the impact of rain and hail conditions on engine performance.

[0087] Step S2: Make a first judgment based on the first parameter set. The first judgment is to analyze and judge whether the first condition is met by combining the fluctuation range of the first parameter set. If the condition is met, proceed to the second judgment.

[0088] In this embodiment, the first determination step further includes:

[0089] Fluctuation processing is applied to the data in the first parameter set;

[0090] Judge the data fluctuations of the first parameter set;

[0091] If the fluctuation of all parameters in the first parameter set exceeds the specified threshold, then the first condition is considered to be met.

[0092] The first set of parameters includes the temperature at a first specified location, the temperature at a second specified location, and fuel consumption.

[0093] Furthermore, the first specified location temperature is the total inlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor T25, and the second specified location temperature is the total outlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor T3. Thus, the first set of parameters includes the total inlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor T25, the total outlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor T3, and the fuel consumption.

[0094] The first determination step further includes:

[0095] If, within a certain period of time, the decrease in the total inlet temperature T25 of the high-pressure compressor exceeds the first preset threshold M1, the decrease in the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor exceeds the second preset threshold M2, and the increase in fuel consumption exceeds the third preset threshold M3, then the first condition is considered to be met.

[0096] For example, a significant temperature drop in T25 or T3 engines within a few seconds (e.g., 3 or 5 seconds) usually indicates a system malfunction. The range of increased fuel consumption needs to be determined based on the specific engine's design and performance characteristics. Generally, a normal fluctuation range is set based on historical data and engine design specifications. For instance, if fuel consumption increases beyond a preset threshold (e.g., a 5% increase) within a short period (e.g., 3 seconds), it may indicate the ingestion of a large amount of rainwater or hail, requiring further action.

[0097] If the first condition is met, proceed to step S3 for the next detection and judgment.

[0098] If the first condition is not met, namely, the total inlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor is T25, the total outlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor is T3, and the fuel consumption fluctuation is small, then no action is taken, the engine continues to use the current control mode, and returns to step S1.

[0099] In this embodiment, the fluctuation processing of the first parameter set data further includes:

[0100] The average value of the data in the first parameter set is taken over consecutive time intervals.

[0101] Specifically, the time interval for averaging can be set according to actual needs. For example, averaging can be done every 3 seconds. In this way, the volatility of the data is smoothed out, making it more stable and helpful for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0102] Furthermore, fluctuation processing methods can also include moving average, median filtering, Gaussian filtering, low-pass filtering, sliding window method, Fourier transform, locally weighted regression, multinomial fitting, and data normalization, etc. Each method has a different smoothing effect and is suitable for different data characteristics.

[0103] This invention performs a first judgment in step S2 to determine whether water has entered the engine. This is done by monitoring key engine parameters (such as T25, T3, fuel consumption, etc.) to confirm whether rainwater or hail has been ingested. If no problem is found, the engine will continue to operate in the current control mode. If an anomaly is detected (such as a sudden drop in temperature or an increase in fuel consumption), the process proceeds to the second judgment in step S3.

[0104] Step S3: Perform a second judgment based on the second parameter set. The second judgment is to analyze and judge whether the second condition is met by combining the temperature at the first specified location of the second parameter set. If the condition is met, proceed to the third judgment.

[0105] In this embodiment, the second set of parameters includes the ambient temperature T0, the flight Mach number Ma, and the engine low-pressure speed N1;

[0106] The temperature at the first designated location is the total inlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor, T25.

[0107] In this embodiment, the second determination step further includes:

[0108] Based on the ambient temperature T0, flight Mach number Ma and engine low-pressure speed N1, calculate the theoretical total temperature T25c at the high-pressure compressor inlet under engine operating conditions.

[0109] Compare the theoretical total temperature T25c at the inlet of the high-pressure compressor with the total temperature T25 at the inlet of the high-pressure compressor;

[0110] If the total inlet temperature T25 of the high-pressure compressor is lower than the fourth preset threshold M4 compared to the theoretical total inlet temperature T25c of the high-pressure compressor, then the second condition is considered to be met.

[0111] If the second condition is met, proceed to step S4 for the next detection and judgment.

[0112] If the second condition is not met, no action is taken, the engine continues to use the current control mode, and the process returns to step S1.

[0113] Furthermore, the theoretical total temperature T25c at the inlet of the high-pressure compressor under engine operating conditions was calculated using a solver.

[0114] A solver is a computing device or module that is typically integrated into an engine control system to perform real-time solutions using existing technologies and algorithmic models.

[0115] Furthermore, the total inlet temperature T25 of the high-pressure compressor under engine operating conditions is output through FADEC (Full Authority Digital Engine Control).

[0116] This invention performs a second judgment in step S3 to determine whether the inhaled water or hail affects the engine's control parameters, especially the impact of temperature changes on the sensors. If an anomaly is detected (such as a large difference between T25 and T25c), the process proceeds to the third judgment in step S4. This second judgment helps to accurately identify the degree of influence of water volume, avoiding erroneous interventions caused by sensor errors.

[0117] Step S4: Make a third judgment based on the third parameter set. The third judgment is to analyze and judge whether the third condition is met by combining the temperature at the second specified location of the third parameter set. If the condition is met, the engine enters the rain and hail suction control mode.

[0118] In some embodiments, the third parameter set includes the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor, as the temperature at the second specified location;

[0119] At this point, the third judgment step further includes:

[0120] Calculate the temperature difference ΔT3 of the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor over a certain period of time;

[0121] If the temperature difference ΔT3 is greater than the fifth preset threshold M5, then the third condition is considered to be met.

[0122] In some embodiments, the third parameter set further includes the engine high-pressure shaft speed N2.

[0123] At this point, the third judgment step further includes:

[0124] Calculate the temperature difference ΔT3 of the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor over a certain period of time;

[0125] Determine the operating range of the engine in the relationship diagram between temperature difference ΔT3 and engine high-pressure shaft speed N2;

[0126] If the temperature difference ΔT3 is greater than the fifth preset threshold M5 and the engine operating area is in a specific area (area 5), ​​then the third condition is considered to be met.

[0127] The ΔT3 and N2 relationship diagram is used to determine the amount of water intake into the core engine. A smaller temperature difference usually means less water is drawn in, and the engine operates in a lower water volume range (i.e., the "safe zone"). A larger temperature difference indicates that the core engine is drawing in more water, which may cause the operating area to enter zone 5, a high-risk area requiring intervention, indicating that the inhaled rainwater or hail has affected the normal operating condition of the engine.

[0128] When the third condition is met, it is considered that the amount of rain and hail inhaled by the engine is sufficient to affect the normal operation of the engine, and intervention is required. The engine is switched to the rain and hail inhalation control mode, and the variable geometry control mechanism and / or fuel flow of the engine control system are adjusted.

[0129] In this embodiment, the variable geometry control mechanism includes an adjustable vent valve (VBV) and an adjustable stator vane (VSV):

[0130] By adjusting the opening degree of the VBV, the inlet pressure and flow rate of the compressor can be adjusted, thereby optimizing the performance of the compressor.

[0131] By adjusting the angle of the VSV, the angle and speed of the airflow entering the compressor can be optimized, thereby preventing surge and improving compressor efficiency.

[0132] In addition, the engine control system can adjust the fuel flow and optimize the combustion process as needed to ensure that the engine can maintain stable operation even under adverse conditions.

[0133] When the third condition is met, the engine switches to rain and hail control mode, which helps to reduce the impact of rain or hail on engine stability and ensures that the engine can still operate efficiently and safely under adverse weather conditions.

[0134] If the third condition is not met, and at a certain engine speed, the engine draws in rainwater or hail, resulting in a small temperature difference between the front and rear sections, then the current control mode will continue to be used. However, the high-pressure compressor inlet total temperature T25 sensor needs to be corrected to eliminate the distortion caused by rainwater or hail intake.

[0135] Furthermore, when the sensor introduces errors due to water or hail, the reading errors caused by external factors (such as water droplets adhering to the sensor) can be corrected by adjusting the parameters in the solver's computational model.

[0136] The present invention makes a third judgment in step S4 to determine the amount of water entering the core engine. This judgment is based on further confirmation of the results of the previous two analyses, takes into account sensor errors, and can correct or compensate for these effects in a timely manner to ensure the accuracy of the engine control logic.

[0137] The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method proposed in this invention eliminates interference factors through three judgments, analyzes and judges the impact of rain or hail on engine performance, and adjusts the engine control mode in real time to minimize the adverse consequences that rain and hail may cause.

[0138] Although the methods described above are illustrated and depicted as a series of actions for the sake of simplicity, it should be understood and appreciated that these methods are not limited by the order of the actions, as some actions may occur in a different order and / or concurrently with other actions from the illustrations and descriptions herein or not illustrated and described herein but which may be understood by those skilled in the art, according to one or more embodiments.

[0139] Based on the aforementioned engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method, this invention also proposes an engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment system. Based on the engine's operating characteristics under rain and hail conditions, the system uses three analyses to determine the threat of rainwater to the engine's normal and safe operation. The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment system proposed in this invention may include an internal communication bus, a processor, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a communication port, and a hard disk. The internal communication bus enables data communication between the components of the engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment system. The processor can perform judgments and issue prompts. In some embodiments, the processor may consist of one or more processors.

[0140] The communication port enables data transmission and communication between the engine rain and hail detection and control system and external input / output devices. In some embodiments, the engine rain and hail detection and control system can send and receive information and data from a network via the communication port. In some embodiments, the engine rain and hail detection and control system can transmit data and communicate with external input / output devices via wired connections through the input / output terminals.

[0141] The engine rain and hail detection and control system may also include different types of program storage units and data storage units, such as hard disks, read-only memory (ROM), and random access memory (RAM), capable of storing various data files used for computer processing and / or communication, as well as possible program instructions executed by the processor. The processor executes these instructions to implement the main part of the method. The results of the processor processing are transmitted to an external output device through a communication port and displayed on the user interface of the output device.

[0142] For example, the implementation process file of the above-mentioned engine rain and hail detection and control system can be a computer program, stored on a hard disk, and recorded in a processor for execution to implement the method of the present invention.

[0143] When the implementation process document of the engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method is a computer program, it can also be stored as an article of manufacture in a computer-readable storage medium. For example, computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, magnetic stripes), optical discs (e.g., compact discs (CDs), digital multifunction discs (DVDs)), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), cards, sticks, key drives). Furthermore, the various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and / or other machine-readable media used for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media (and / or storage media) capable of storing, containing, and / or carrying code and / or instructions and / or data.

[0144] The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method and system proposed in this invention are based on the influence analysis of the engine's operating characteristics under rain and hail conditions. Through three analysis and judgment, it first confirms whether rain or hail has been sucked into the engine, then assesses the amount of rain or hail entering the core and the impact of instrument sensor errors, and finally judges whether the core engine water intake exceeds the limit. This assesses the potential threat of rain and hail to the normal and safe operation of the engine, and realizes the selection and determination of the engine control mode under rain and hail weather. It can effectively reduce the adverse effects of rain and hail on the engine and is easy to implement on the engine.

[0145] As indicated in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not specifically singular and may include plural forms. Generally speaking, the terms "comprising" and "including" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, which do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0146] Those skilled in the art will understand that information, signals, and data can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and arts. For example, the data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips described throughout the above description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0147] Those skilled in the art will further appreciate that the various illustrative logic blocks, modules, circuits, and algorithm steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate this interchangeability between hardware and software, the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits, and steps are described above in a generalized manner in terms of their functionality. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends on the specific application and the design constraints imposed on the overall system. Those skilled in the art may implement the described functionality in different ways for each specific application, but such implementation decisions should not be construed as departing from the scope of the invention.

[0148] The various illustrative logic modules and circuits described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform the functions described herein. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternatives, it may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors cooperating with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

[0149] The steps of the methods or algorithms described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied directly in hardware, in a software module executed by a processor, or in a combination of both. The software module may reside in RAM memory, flash memory, ROM memory, EPROM memory, EEPROM memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or any other form of storage medium known in the art. An exemplary storage medium is coupled to a processor such that the processor can read and write information to / from the storage medium. In an alternative, the storage medium may be integrated into the processor. The processor and storage medium may reside in an ASIC. The ASIC may reside in a user terminal. In an alternative, the processor and storage medium may reside as discrete components in the user terminal.

[0150] The above embodiments are provided for those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or changes to the above embodiments without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but should be the maximum scope that conforms to the innovative features mentioned in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for detecting, controlling, and adjusting engine rain and hail absorption, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Real-time acquisition of engine operating data, the engine operating data including a first set of parameters, a second set of parameters and a third set of parameters; The first judgment is made based on the first parameter set. The first judgment is to analyze and judge whether the first condition is met by combining the fluctuation range of the first parameter set. If the condition is met, the second judgment is performed. A second judgment is made based on the second parameter set. The second judgment is to analyze and judge whether the second condition is met by combining the temperature of the first specified location in the second parameter set. If the condition is met, the third judgment is performed. A third judgment is made based on the third parameter set. The third judgment is to analyze and judge whether the third condition is met by combining the temperature at the second specified location of the third parameter set. If the condition is met, the engine enters the rain and hail suction control mode.

2. The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The engine operating data includes: The total inlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor is T25. Total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor; Fuel consumption; Ambient air temperature T0; Flight Mach number Ma; Engine low-pressure speed N1; Engine high-pressure shaft speed N2.

3. The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first determination step further includes: Fluctuation processing is applied to the data in the first parameter set; Determine the data fluctuation range of the first parameter set; If the fluctuation of all parameters in the first parameter set exceeds the corresponding specified threshold, then the first condition is considered to be met.

4. The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to claim 1 or claim 3, characterized in that, The first set of parameters includes the total inlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor T25, the total outlet temperature of the high-pressure compressor T3, and the fuel consumption. The first determination step further includes: If the decrease in the total inlet temperature T25 of the high-pressure compressor exceeds the first preset threshold, the decrease in the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor exceeds the second preset threshold, and the increase in fuel consumption exceeds the third preset threshold within a certain period of time, then the first condition is considered to be met.

5. The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fluctuation processing of the first parameter set data further includes: The average value of the data in the first parameter set is taken over consecutive time intervals.

6. The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second set of parameters includes the ambient temperature T0, the flight Mach number Ma, and the engine low-pressure speed N1; The temperature at the first designated location is the total inlet temperature T25 of the high-pressure compressor; The second determination step further includes: Based on the ambient temperature T0, flight Mach number Ma and engine low-pressure speed N1, calculate the theoretical total temperature T25c at the high-pressure compressor inlet under engine operating conditions. Compare the theoretical total temperature T25c at the inlet of the high-pressure compressor with the total temperature T25 at the inlet of the high-pressure compressor; If the decrease in the total inlet temperature T25 of the high-pressure compressor compared to the theoretical total inlet temperature T25c of the high-pressure compressor exceeds the fourth preset threshold, then the second condition is considered to be met.

7. The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third parameter set includes the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor, which serves as the temperature at the second specified location. The third determination step further includes: Calculate the temperature difference ΔT3 of the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor over a certain period of time; If the temperature difference ΔT3 is greater than the fifth preset threshold, then the third condition is considered to be met.

8. The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third parameter set includes the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor and the high-pressure shaft speed N2 of the engine, wherein the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor is the temperature at the second specified location; The third determination step further includes: Calculate the temperature difference ΔT3 of the total outlet temperature T3 of the high-pressure compressor over a certain period of time; Determine the operating range of the engine in the relationship diagram between temperature difference ΔT3 and engine high-pressure shaft speed N2; If the temperature difference ΔT3 is greater than the fifth preset threshold and the engine operating area is in a specific region, then the third condition is considered to be met.

9. The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the third condition is not met, the sensor for the temperature at the first specified location is corrected for distortion, and the engine maintains the current control mode.

10. The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the third condition is met, the engine switches to rain and hail control mode, adjusting the variable geometry control mechanism and / or fuel flow of the engine control system. The variable geometry control mechanism includes an adjustable vent valve and adjustable stator blades.

11. The engine rain and hail detection and control adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the first condition or the second condition is not met, the engine maintains the current control mode.

12. An engine rain and hail detection and control system, characterized in that, It includes at least a processor and memory: Memory is used to store instructions that can be executed by the processor; A processor for executing the instructions to implement the method as claimed in any one of claims 1-11.

13. A computer-readable medium having stored thereon computer instructions, wherein when the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the method as described in any one of claims 1-11 is performed.

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