Impingement device and method for simulating primary blast injury from an explosion

Abstract

This invention discloses an impact device and method for simulating primary impact injury from an explosion. The impact device includes: a driving system comprising a driving gas chamber storing high-pressure gas; an experimental system comprising an experimental section cavity with an animal restraint device positioned at its center, the experimental section cavity receiving high-pressure gas from the driving system to apply impact loading to the animal restrained by the animal restraint device; a valve connecting the driving system and the experimental system, the valve's opening time being controlled to regulate the gas pressure within the experimental section cavity (milliseconds); and a throttling valve at the end of the experimental system, the throttling valve's opening angle being set to release the high-pressure gas within the experimental section cavity, thereby achieving the desired shock wave pulse width and waveform. This invention features a simple structure, safe operation, and minimal site requirements; the ideal shock wave pulse width and peak can be set via valve switching and the throttling valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of research on primary explosion impact damage in biomechanics, and particularly to an impact device and method for simulating primary explosion impact damage. Background Technology

[0002] Impact injuries are commonly seen in mine gas explosions, construction explosives, and accidental explosions of methane, coal gas, etc., and are a major research topic in military medicine and disaster medicine. In the study of injury mechanisms, in vitro models are essential for researching impact injuries, requiring stable, accurate, and effective simulation of the impact physical environment.

[0003] Currently, most laboratory studies use shock tubes to simulate stable impact environments in order to investigate the mechanisms of impact injury in animals. However, existing shock tube experimental devices generally have the following drawbacks:

[0004] 1. Dangerous use of propulsion materials. Whether using explosives or high-pressure helium / nitrogen for propulsion, there are many problems such as large consumption, high cost, and issues related to purchase, storage, transportation, and disposal.

[0005] 2. The operation is cumbersome and the working time is too long. The driving end and the driven end are separated by a diaphragm. The diaphragm fixing device of this type of shock tube is complicated, the diaphragm replacement operation is cumbersome, the diaphragm breaking device has strict requirements on the diaphragm, and large high-pressure shock tubes need to adopt a multi-diaphragm structure, which has a large workload and long cycle.

[0006] 3. The experimental equipment is heavy and difficult to move, and it has high requirements for the site, requiring a sufficiently long open space.

[0007] 4. The waveform of the shock wave cannot be adjusted or quantified. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The main objective of this invention is to provide an impact device and method for simulating primary impact injury from an explosion, in order to solve the problems of existing impact devices being complex in structure, complicated in operation, unsafe, large in size and requiring high site conditions.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an impact device for simulating primary impact injury from an explosion is provided, comprising:

[0010] A drive system, the drive system including a drive air chamber, the drive air chamber storing high-pressure gas;

[0011] An experimental system includes an experimental cavity, in which an animal restraint device is located at the middle position. The experimental cavity receives high-pressure gas from the drive system to apply impact loading to the animal restraint device.

[0012] A valve is provided between the drive system and the experimental system. The air pressure in the experimental section cavity is controlled by setting the opening time of the valve, which is on the order of milliseconds.

[0013] The experimental system has a throttle valve at its end. By setting the opening angle of the throttle valve, the high-pressure gas in the experimental section cavity is depressurized and released to achieve the required shock wave pulse width and waveform.

[0014] The drive system further includes: a gas source for generating gas and transmitting the gas to the drive gas chamber through a valve interface to generate high-pressure gas; a pressure sensor for detecting gas pressure intensity is provided at the top of the experimental section cavity; and a pressure relief valve is provided at the top of the experimental section cavity.

[0015] The driving air chamber has conical experimental section precursors at both ends.

[0016] The valve between the drive section and the experimental section is a quick-opening valve, which includes a solenoid valve and a timer switch.

[0017] The throttle valve is a manual throttle valve.

[0018] According to embodiments of the present invention, an impact method for simulating primary impact injury from an explosion is also proposed, comprising:

[0019] A driving air chamber is provided to deliver high-pressure gas to the experimental section cavity; wherein, an animal fixation device is provided at the middle position of the experimental section cavity;

[0020] The experimental section cavity receives high-pressure gas from the drive system to apply impact loading to the animal fixed by the animal restraint device;

[0021] A valve is provided between the drive system and the experimental system. The air pressure in the experimental section cavity is controlled by setting the opening time of the valve, which is on the order of milliseconds.

[0022] The experimental system has a throttle valve at its end. By setting the opening angle of the throttle valve, the high-pressure gas in the experimental section cavity is depressurized and released to achieve the required shock wave pulse width and waveform.

[0023] The drive system further includes:

[0024] A gas source, which generates gas and delivers the gas to the drive gas chamber through a valve interface to generate high-pressure gas;

[0025] A pressure sensor for detecting air pressure intensity is installed at the top of the experimental section cavity;

[0026] A pressure relief valve is installed at the top of the experimental section cavity.

[0027] The driving air chamber has conical experimental section precursors at both ends.

[0028] The valve between the drive section and the experimental section is a quick-opening valve, which includes a solenoid valve and a timer switch.

[0029] The throttle valve is a manual throttle valve.

[0030] According to the technical solution of the present invention, it has the characteristics of simple structure, safe operation and simple site requirements. The ideal shock wave pulse width and peak can be set by valve switching and throttling manual valve. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an impact device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a scale diagram of a throttle valve according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 3 This is a pressure waveform diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a pressure waveform diagram according to another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0037] Although the present invention specification may include various different embodiments, it should be understood that, with regard to some preferred embodiments described in detail in the specification and shown in the accompanying drawings, the contents disclosed in the present invention specification should be regarded as illustrative of the principles of the invention, and the embodiments shown are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an impact device for simulating primary impact injury from an explosion is proposed, with reference to... Figure 1 The impact device mainly includes a drive system and an experimental system. Specifically, the drive system can consist of a pressure source (not shown), a drive air chamber 1 (or drive section), a pressure sensor, and a pressure relief interface (or pressure relief valve interface). The air source acts as a pressure source to generate gas and delivers the gas to the drive air chamber 1 through the valve interface to generate high-pressure gas. The air source can be a civilian air compressor, connected to the drive air chamber via a DN4 interface. The drive air chamber 1 stores high-pressure gas and can be a stainless steel cavity with a diameter of 120mm, a length of 70cm, and a thickness of 5mm. A pressure sensor and a pressure relief valve 3 are installed at the top of the drive air chamber. The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure inside the drive air chamber 1. When the pressure reading of the pressure sensor reaches the target value, the air compressor is immediately shut off. If the pressure reading exceeds the target value, the pressure relief valve interface can be manually opened to reduce the reading to the target pressure.

[0040] The experimental system includes a cylindrical experimental cavity 2 and conical experimental section fronts located at both ends of the experimental cavity. The experimental section fronts near the proximal end of the experimental cavity have air inlets, and the experimental section fronts at the distal end of the experimental cavity have exhaust ports. A flange connects the experimental cavity and the experimental section fronts. An animal restraint device (not shown) is located in the middle of the experimental cavity 2. After receiving high-pressure gas from the driving air chamber 1 of the driving system, the experimental cavity 2 applies an impact load to the animal restrained by the animal restraint device. Generally, the animal restraint device is fixed to a grid-like metal mesh, which can be installed on the flange between the experimental cavity 2 and the distal experimental section front. For example, the animal restraint device is cylindrical and fixed in the middle of the experimental cavity 2, so that the axis of the animal restraint device coincides with or substantially coincides with the axis of the experimental cavity.

[0041] A valve is installed between the drive system and the experimental system; specifically, a quick-opening valve 4 is installed between the drive air chamber 1 and the experimental section chamber 2. The opening time of the quick-opening valve 4 can be set to control the air pressure within the experimental section chamber 12. The quick-opening valve 4 may include a solenoid valve and a timer switch. The opening time of the quick-opening valve is in the millisecond range, for example, 50ms. The animal restraint device is positioned in the middle of the experimental section chamber, aligned with the quick-opening valve 4 to ensure the stability of the high-pressure gas impact load on the animal. A pressure sensor is also installed vertically above the animal restraint device. This sensor measures the air pressure change signal of the impact platform and sends the measured air pressure signal data to a data acquisition unit.

[0042] Furthermore, a throttle valve 5 is installed at the end of the experimental system. Specifically, the throttle valve 5 is located at the exhaust port of the experimental section at the end of the experimental system. By adjusting the opening angle of the throttle valve, the high-pressure gas in the experimental section cavity is released to achieve the required shock wave pulse width and waveform. (Reference) Figure 2 Throttling valve 5 can be a manual throttling valve, which can be calibrated by manually opening and closing the ball valve. That is to say, quick-opening valve 4 is used to control the upper limit of the air pressure in the experimental section cavity 2, while throttling valve 5 can control the lower limit of the air pressure in the experimental section cavity 2. The required shock wave pulse width and waveform can be obtained through the coordinated operation of these two valves.

[0043] In this embodiment, the length ratio of the driving air chamber 1 and the experimental section chamber 2 of the impact device can be between 18:1 and 20:1, which can achieve a small volume and size that is easy to move while meeting the pressure requirements of the shock wave in biological experiments.

[0044] The following describes the experimental process of applying impact loading to an animal restraint device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0045] Measurement range: 0-5 MPa

[0046] Medium: Air

[0047] Measurement accuracy: 0.2%

[0048] Location: Animal location within the experimental section

[0049] Sampling frequency: 1000Hz

[0050] Quick-opening valve opening and closing time: 50ms

[0051] First experiment: The drive system pressure was 1 MPa, the scale of the throttle valve was 45°, and the measured values ​​were as follows: Figure 3 The air pressure waveform shown.

[0052] Second experiment: The drive system pressure was 0.5 MPa, the scale of the throttle valve was 30°, and the measured values ​​were as follows: Figure 4 The air pressure waveform shown.

[0053] According to embodiments of the present invention, an impact method for simulating primary impact injury from an explosion is also provided, comprising:

[0054] A driving air chamber is provided to deliver high-pressure gas to the experimental section cavity; wherein, an animal fixation device is provided at the middle position of the experimental section cavity;

[0055] The experimental section cavity receives high-pressure gas from the drive system to apply impact loading to the animal fixed by the animal restraint device;

[0056] A valve is provided between the drive system and the experimental system. The air pressure in the experimental section cavity is controlled by setting the opening time of the valve, which is on the order of milliseconds.

[0057] The experimental system has a throttle valve at its end. By setting the opening angle of the throttle valve, the high-pressure gas in the experimental section cavity is depressurized and released to achieve the required shock wave pulse width and waveform.

[0058] The operational steps of the method of the present invention correspond to the structural features of the system and can be referred to each other, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0059] The embodiments described above according to this application have the following technical effects:

[0060] (1) Compared with the existing technology, the present invention can use a civilian air compressor to provide the driving gas, which is not only inexpensive but also safer to use.

[0061] (2) The present invention is equipped with a manual pressure relief port at the drive end, which can relieve the pressure of the air exceeding the working pressure and ensure the safety of the experiment.

[0062] (3) The device of the present invention is small in size and easy to move, and can meet the shock wave pressure requirements of biological experiments.

[0063] (4) The present invention is equipped with a pressure sensor at the drive end, which can more accurately obtain the changes in air pressure in the high-pressure chamber before and after the test, and provide accurate data for the experiment.

[0064] (5) The quick-opening valve connected to the automatic switch in this invention can realize automated experiments remotely, reduce the work required to replace the diaphragm, and save labor costs and working time.

[0065] (6) The quick-opening valve of this invention has a remote timer (accuracy of 0.001ms), and the throttling valve can regulate the pressure relief flow. The ideal shock wave pulse width and peak can be set by the valve switch and the throttling valve.

[0066] (7) The animal fixation device set up in this invention is connected by bolts and experimental sections and welded together. Only the nuts need to be unscrewed and the animal taken out / replaced to carry out the next experiment, which reduces the work required for installation and saves labor costs and working time.

[0067] Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to specific embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments. Therefore, this application is intended to cover modifications and variations thereof, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents.

[0068] Furthermore, features disclosed in the foregoing description, claims, or drawings, expressed in their specific form or according to the manner of performing the disclosed function or the method or process for obtaining the disclosed result, may, as appropriate, be used alone or in any combination of these features to implement this application in their different forms. Specifically, one or more features of any embodiment described in this application may be combined with one or more features of any other embodiment described in this application.

[0069] Protection may also be sought for any feature disclosed in any one or more publications cited in or combined by reference in this application.

Claims

1. An impact device for simulating primary impact injury from an explosion, characterized in that, include: A drive system, the drive system including a drive air chamber, the drive air chamber storing high-pressure gas; The experimental system includes an experimental section cavity, in the middle of which an animal fixation device is provided. The experimental section cavity receives high-pressure gas from the driving air chamber to apply impact loading to the animal fixed by the animal fixation device. A valve is provided between the drive system and the experimental system. The air pressure in the experimental section cavity is controlled by setting the opening time of the valve, which is on the order of milliseconds. The experimental system has a throttle valve at its end. By setting the opening angle of the throttle valve, the high-pressure gas in the experimental section cavity is depressurized and released to achieve the required shock wave pulse width and waveform.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive system also includes: A gas source, which generates gas and delivers the gas to the drive gas chamber through a valve interface to generate high-pressure gas; A pressure sensor for detecting air pressure intensity is installed at the top of the experimental section cavity; A pressure relief valve is installed at the top of the experimental section cavity.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The experimental section cavity has tapered experimental section precursors at both ends.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The valve between the drive section and the experimental section is a quick-opening valve, which includes a solenoid valve and a timer switch.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The throttle valve is a manual throttle valve.

6. An impact method for simulating primary shock injury from an explosion, characterized in that, include: A driving air chamber is provided to deliver high-pressure gas to the experimental section cavity; wherein, an animal fixation device is provided at the middle position of the experimental section cavity; The experimental section cavity receives high-pressure gas from the drive system to apply impact loading to the animal fixed by the animal restraint device; A valve is provided between the drive system and the experimental system. The air pressure in the experimental section cavity is controlled by setting the opening time of the valve, which is on the order of milliseconds. The experimental system has a throttle valve at its end. By setting the opening angle of the throttle valve, the high-pressure gas in the experimental section cavity is depressurized and released to achieve the required shock wave pulse width and waveform.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The drive system also includes: A gas source, which generates gas and delivers the gas to the drive gas chamber through a valve interface to generate high-pressure gas; A pressure sensor for detecting air pressure intensity is installed at the top of the experimental section cavity; A pressure relief valve is installed at the top of the experimental section cavity.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driving air chamber has conical experimental section precursors at both ends.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The valve between the drive section and the experimental section is a quick-opening valve, which includes a solenoid valve and a timer switch.

10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The throttle valve is a manual throttle valve.

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