A device and method for monitoring the on-off state of a hardboard of a transformer substation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of substation hard pressboard throw-off state monitoring device and method, it is related to substation hard pressboard technical field, including hard pressboard body, and the monitor of installation in hard pressboard body one side, the hard pressboard body includes first binding post and second binding post, the first binding post is rotatably connected with electrically conductive blade, the front end bottom of the electrically conductively blade is sleeved with insulating layer, the lower surface of the insulating layer is fixedly connected with the U-shaped metal rod for the second binding post, the upper surface of the insulating layer is rotatably connected with the arc-shaped metal rod for the electrically conductive blade, the monitor includes electromagnet and indicator light module, monitor is connected into hard pressboard main circuit, continuously visualized presents the throw-off state of pressboard, contact goodness and overcurrent anomaly, current self-stabilization mechanism is constructed by electrically conductive track resistance gradient, current fluctuation automatically regulates resistance, suppresses secondary circuit surge, improves the current stability of hard pressboard.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of substation hard pressure plate technology, specifically to a device and method for monitoring the activation and deactivation status of substation hard pressure plates. Background Technology

[0002] In the relay protection system of substation power systems, the hard plate is a key physical node connecting the protection device and the external secondary circuit. It bears the core responsibility of enabling / disabling protection functions and controlling the trip output. It is essentially a mechanical connection device and an important line of defense to ensure the safe operation of substations. The operation of the hard plate is directly related to the stability of the power grid, and the accuracy of its status is crucial. Any mis-activation or omission may cause serious safety accidents.

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of traditional manual inspection methods, such as poor timeliness, reliance on experience, and difficulty in real-time status monitoring, hard plate engagement / disengagement status monitors have emerged. These monitors are mainly divided into two types: non-contact and contact. Non-contact monitoring mainly utilizes the principle of DC electric field induction or magnetic field induction, such as Hall effect sensors, to detect the engagement / disengagement status of the plate without changing the original physical structure. Contact monitoring, on the other hand, directly collects the mechanical engagement / disengagement position information of the plate by adding microswitches, gyroscopes, or auxiliary contacts.

[0004] However, existing monitors, whether non-contact or contact-based, are mostly limited to the single function of "status indication," essentially remaining passive signal acquisition terminals. These devices can only reflect the static position of the pressure plate, whether it is "present" or "absent," but cannot sense the physical health of the pressure plate contact points. In actual operation, the rigid pressure plate is in a static state for a long time, and the contact surface is prone to increased contact resistance or even poor contact due to oxidation, dust accumulation, or mechanical loosening. Traditional monitors cannot identify such circuit abnormalities caused by poor contact, nor can they actively suppress current fluctuations. To address the aforementioned issues, there is an urgent need for innovative design based on the existing hard plate monitoring device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention addresses the problem of overly simplistic solutions in existing technologies by providing a significantly different solution. Specifically, the present invention aims to provide a substation hard plate activation / deactivation status monitoring device and method to solve the problem that existing hard plate activation / deactivation monitoring devices can only report the activation / deactivation status of the plate and cannot identify poor contact at the plate contact points or actively suppress current surges.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a substation hard plate activation / deactivation status monitoring device, comprising a hard plate body and a monitor installed on one side of the hard plate body, wherein the hard plate body comprises a first terminal and a second terminal, a conductive blade is rotatably connected to the first terminal, and an insulating layer is sleeved on the bottom of the front end of the conductive blade. The lower surface of the insulating layer is fixedly connected to a U-shaped metal rod for connecting the second terminal, and the upper surface of the insulating layer is rotatably connected to an arc-shaped metal rod for connecting the conductive blade. The monitor includes an electromagnet and an indicator light module. The U-shaped metal rod, electromagnet, indicator light module, and arc-shaped metal rod are connected in series with wires to form an auxiliary circuit. When the conductive blade is inserted and comes into contact with the arc-shaped metal rod, the auxiliary circuit is turned on. The indicator light module can light up a specific indicator light according to the current fluctuation of the auxiliary circuit, and at the same time switch the resistance value of the auxiliary circuit to suppress the current surge of the secondary circuit.

[0007] Preferably, the conductive blade has a U-shaped opening at its front end, and the inner side of the insulating layer has a U-shaped protrusion. The U-shaped protrusion is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the U-shaped opening at the front end of the conductive blade. The U-shaped protrusion is embedded in the U-shaped opening to realize the positioning of the insulating layer and to make the second terminal electrically isolated from the conductive blade. An L-shaped locking rod is slidably connected to the upper surface of the insulating layer, and the L-shaped locking rod is connected to the U-shaped protrusion by a return spring.

[0008] Preferably, the indicator module includes a limiting slide rail, on which an insulated magnetic slider is slidably connected. Metal contacts are fixed on both sides of the insulated magnetic slider. One of the metal contacts is electrically connected to the output end of the electromagnet via a wire, and the other metal contact is electrically connected to an arc-shaped metal rod via a wire. The input end of the electromagnet is electrically connected to the U-shaped metal rod via a wire.

[0009] Preferably, the top of the limiting slide is fixedly connected to three sets of conductive tracks, which are divided into a first guide rail and a second guide rail. One of the metal contacts slides along the first guide rail of the three sets of conductive tracks, and the other metal contact slides along the second guide rail of the three sets of conductive tracks. A lamp tube is connected in series at the top of the first guide rail and the second guide rail of the three sets of conductive tracks.

[0010] Preferably, the electromagnet is located directly in front of the limiting slide, and the end of the limiting slide is connected to the insulated magnetic slider via a tension spring. When the auxiliary circuit current is turned on, the electromagnet generates magnetism after being energized, attracting the insulated magnetic slider to slide towards the electromagnet.

[0011] Preferably, the three sets of conductive tracks are separated by an insulating core to form isolation, and the resistance values ​​of the three sets of conductive tracks decrease sequentially from front to back. When the auxiliary circuit current increases, the magnetic force of the electromagnet increases accordingly, which can attract the insulating magnetic slider to slide along the limiting slide towards the electromagnet, so that the metal contacts gradually connect to the conductive track with greater resistance, and the lamp tubes in the corresponding resistance range are lit while dynamically adjusting the overall resistance of the auxiliary circuit.

[0012] Preferably, an insulating lever is rotatably connected to the front end of the limiting slide rail, the front end of the insulating lever is provided with a sliding groove, an insulating block is slidably connected inside the sliding groove, and the top of the insulating block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped metal rod.

[0013] Preferably, the insulating lever is rotatably connected via a shaft limiting slide, and a torsion spring is sleeved on the outside of the shaft. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the insulating lever, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting slide.

[0014] This invention also discloses a method for monitoring the activation / deactivation status of hardened pressure plates in substations, employing the aforementioned device for monitoring the activation / deactivation status of hardened pressure plates in substations, comprising the following steps: S1. Device installation: The insulating layer is positioned by embedding the inner U-shaped protrusion into the U-shaped opening at the front end of the conductive blade. The conductive blade is clamped and locked with the return spring and L-shaped locking rod to prevent the insulating layer from falling off and shifting. The insulating layer electrically isolates the second terminal from the conductive blade, so that the bottom U-shaped metal rod is always in contact with the second terminal to achieve electrical connection. S2. Engagement / Disengagement Monitoring: When the conductive blade is rotated to complete the engagement and closing, the lower surface of the conductive blade abuts against the arc-shaped metal rod on the upper surface of the insulating layer. The arc-shaped metal rod, indicator light module, electromagnet, and U-shaped metal rod form a series auxiliary circuit. The auxiliary circuit is energized and conducts. When the conductive blade is rotated out and disengaged, the arc-shaped metal rod separates from the conductive blade, the auxiliary circuit is simultaneously de-energized and disconnected, and all lamps are extinguished. Maintenance personnel can directly determine the engagement / disengagement status of the hard plate body by whether the lamps are lit or not. S3. Visual indication of abnormal current: After the auxiliary circuit is turned on, the electromagnet is energized and generates magnetic force, which attracts the insulated magnetic slider inside the limiting slide to slide forward against the tension spring. The metal contacts on both sides of the insulated magnetic slider slide synchronously along three sets of gradient resistance conductive tracks. The conductive tracks are divided into the first track and the second track, which turn on the corresponding lamp tubes. According to the lighting position of the lamp tube, the middle lamp tube is lit when the current is normal, the end lamp tube is lit when the circuit current is small and the magnetic force of the electromagnet is weakened, and the front lamp tube is lit when the circuit current is abnormally large due to overload. S4. Current surge suppression: When the main circuit current increases, the insulated magnetic slider moves forward to connect to the high-resistance conductive track, raising the total resistance of the auxiliary circuit and suppressing the surge of circuit current. When the main circuit current decreases, the insulated magnetic slider moves backward to connect to the low-resistance conductive track, reducing the total resistance of the auxiliary circuit and compensating for the attenuation of the circuit current. Adjacent conductive tracks are isolated by an insulating core. S5. Switching of conductive contact points: When the circuit is overloaded and the insulated magnetic slider moves to the front end, the insulated magnetic slider pushes the insulated lever to overcome the spring force of the torsion spring and rotates. This causes the insulated lever inside the slide to move and swing slightly in conjunction with the arc-shaped metal rod, changing the original contact point between the arc-shaped metal rod and the conductive blade. The switch is made to a brand new, unworn contact surface to distribute the overload heat loss. After the circuit current returns to the normal range, the torsion spring drives the insulated lever to automatically reset.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention connects a monitor in series with the main circuit of the hard pressure plate, converting the main circuit current into a change in the magnetic force of an electromagnet. This change drives the insulated magnetic slider to produce mechanical displacement. Based on the engagement state and current magnitude of the hard pressure plate, the corresponding lamp is directly illuminated. This enables visual monitoring of the hard pressure plate's engagement / disengagement status, contact quality, and overcurrent abnormalities. Furthermore, by introducing an insulated core design with guide rails, it ensures a smooth transition and synchronous illumination of adjacent lamps when the metal contacts cross rails with different resistance values. This completely eliminates the "monitoring gap blind spot" of traditional switchovers at critical positions, providing maintenance personnel with continuous and intuitive analog visual feedback.

[0016] Furthermore, unlike traditional contact monitors, this invention does not merely use the rigid pressure plate as a static connector. Instead, it constructs a current self-stabilization mechanism through a differentiated design of the resistance gradient of the conductive rails. When the main circuit current fluctuates, not only does the indicator light change, but the total resistance of the connected circuit is also automatically adjusted. This not only monitors the on / off state of the rigid pressure plate itself, but also dynamically adjusts the resistance of the auxiliary circuit based on current fluctuations. When the main circuit current fluctuates, it can perform reverse compensation by changing the resistance value of the connected circuit. That is, a large resistor is connected in series when the current is large, and a small resistor is connected in series when the current is small. This suppresses the current surge in the secondary circuit, further reduces the current fluctuation in the secondary circuit, and improves the overall current stability of the rigid pressure plate circuit.

[0017] In addition, when the hard platen is overloaded, the present invention automatically switches the connection point and switches the current-carrying point to a brand-new, unworn area. Compared with the fixed point carrying the current, this invention adds an extra point to carry the large current, which averages the heat loss, suppresses contact deformation and metal creep, slows down the contact point erosion rate, and thus extends the overall service life of the device. When the current drops, the contact can automatically reset under the action of the torsion spring. During the reset, the arc-shaped metal rod and the conductive sheet undergo relative sliding friction, which automatically scrapes off the oxide layer, dust and carbides on the metal surface, and always maintains low-resistance metal surface contact. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a top-view cross-sectional view of the conductive blade of the present invention after it has been inserted.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the structural relationship between the insulating partition and the second terminal of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped protrusion and L-shaped locking rod structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped metal rod, the arc-shaped metal rod, and the electromagnet structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention after the limiting slide and the conductive track are separated.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the insulating magnetic slider of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the insulating lever and the arc-shaped metal rod of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating working state of the insulating lever of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Hard pressure plate body; 101. First terminal; 102. Second terminal; 103. Conductive blade; 2. Monitor; 201. Electromagnet; 202. Limiting slide; 203. Insulated magnetic slider; 204. Metal contact; 205. First guide rail; 206. Second guide rail; 207. Lamp tube; 208. Tension spring; 209. Insulating core; 3. Insulating layer; 4. U-shaped metal rod; 5. Arc-shaped metal rod; 6. U-shaped protrusion; 7. L-shaped locking rod; 8. Return spring; 9. Insulated lever; 10. Slide groove; 11. Insulated lever; 12. Torsion spring. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Example 1 Please see Figures 1 to 9 The present invention provides a technical solution: a substation hard plate activation / deactivation status monitoring device, including a hard plate body 1 and a monitor 2 installed on one side of the hard plate body 1. The hard plate body 1 includes a first terminal 101 and a second terminal 102. A conductive blade 103 is rotatably connected to the first terminal 101, and an insulating layer 3 is sleeved on the bottom of the front end of the conductive blade 103. The lower surface of the insulating layer 3 is fixedly connected to a U-shaped metal rod 4 for connecting the second terminal 102, and the upper surface of the insulating layer 3 is rotatably connected to an arc-shaped metal rod 5 for connecting the conductive blade 103. The monitor 2 includes an electromagnet 201 and an indicator light module. The U-shaped metal rod 4, the electromagnet 201, the indicator light module, and the arc-shaped metal rod 5 are connected in series with wires to form an auxiliary circuit. When the conductive blade 103 is inserted and comes into contact with the arc-shaped metal rod 5, the auxiliary circuit is turned on. The indicator light module can light up a specific indicator light according to the current fluctuation of the auxiliary circuit, and at the same time switch the resistance value of the auxiliary circuit to suppress the current surge of the secondary circuit.

[0030] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the front end of the conductive blade 103 is provided with a U-shaped opening, and the inner side of the insulating layer 3 is provided with a U-shaped protrusion 6. The U-shaped protrusion 6 is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the U-shaped opening at the front end of the conductive blade 103. The U-shaped protrusion 6 is embedded in the U-shaped opening to realize the positioning of the insulating layer 3 and to make the second terminal 102 electrically isolated from the conductive blade 103. An L-shaped locking rod 7 is slidably connected to the upper surface of the insulating layer 3, and the L-shaped locking rod 7 is connected to the U-shaped protrusion 6 by a return spring 8; It should be noted that, firstly, the conductive blade 103 is rotated open to separate it from the second terminal 102. The monitor 2 and the insulating layer 3 are then assembled. The L-shaped locking rod 7 is slid outward to open, and the reset spring 8 is stretched. The U-shaped protrusion 6 is aligned with the U-shaped opening at the front end of the conductive blade 103 and inserted from the bottom up. After it is in place, the L-shaped locking rod 7 is released to reset it. After resetting, the bend at the end of the L-shaped locking rod 7 precisely holds the edge of the insulating layer 3. The bend at the end of the L-shaped locking rod 7 is first bent upward at 90 degrees, and then bent inward slightly. The bend and the U-shaped protrusion 6 form a clamping space to clamp and position the conductive blade 103 from top to bottom, preventing the insulating layer 3 from falling off or displacing at the front end of the conductive blade 103.

[0031] In addition, for example Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the external insulating shell of the monitor 2 is fixedly connected to the insulating layer 3. When the insulating layer 3 positions the conductive blade 103, the insulating shell fits perfectly against the side of the conductive blade 103. The shell of the monitor 2 can be further fixed to the conductive blade 103 of the hard pressure plate body 1 by adhesive, thereby improving the installation stability.

[0032] The above installation method is simple and convenient, allowing the insulating layer 3 and the monitor 2 to be quickly assembled onto the conductive blade 103 and move synchronously with the conductive blade 103. This will not affect the normal operation of the conductive blade 103, and there is no need to modify the original structure of the hard pressure plate body 1. It is suitable for the monitoring needs of most existing substation hard pressure plates, with low modification costs and convenient installation.

[0033] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the indicator module includes a limiting slide 202, on which an insulated magnetic slider 203 is slidably connected. Metal contacts 204 are fixed on both sides of the insulated magnetic slider 203. One of the metal contacts 204 is electrically connected to the output end of the electromagnet 201 through a wire, and the other metal contact 204 is electrically connected to the arc-shaped metal rod 5 through a wire. The input end of the electromagnet 201 is electrically connected to the U-shaped metal rod 4 through a wire. The top of the limiting slide 202 is fixedly connected to three sets of conductive tracks, which are divided into a first guide rail 205 and a second guide rail 206. One metal contact 204 slides along the first guide rail 205 of the three sets of conductive tracks, and the other metal contact 204 slides along the second guide rail 206 of the three sets of conductive tracks. A lamp tube 207 is connected in series at the top of the first guide rail 205 and the second guide rail 206 of the three sets of conductive tracks. Electromagnet 201 is located directly in front of limit slide 202. The end of limit slide 202 is connected to insulated magnetic slider 203 through tension spring 208. When the auxiliary circuit current is turned on, the electromagnet 201 is energized and generates magnetism to attract the insulated magnetic slider 203 to slide towards the electromagnet 201. It should be noted that a positioning rod and an insulating knob are threadedly connected to the top of both the first terminal 101 and the second terminal 102. After the conductive blade 103 is engaged and the circuit is closed, the conductive blade 103 rotates around the axis of the first terminal 101. The U-shaped opening at the front end drives the insulating layer 3 and the monitor 2 to move synchronously, which in turn drives the U-shaped protrusion 6 to wrap around the positioning rod of the second terminal 102. The U-shaped protrusion 6 and the insulating layer 3 completely isolate the second terminal 102 from the conductive blade 103, preventing them from directly contacting each other. By tightening the insulating knob at the top, the conductive blade 103 is positioned in the engaged position, so that the upper surface of the arc-shaped metal rod 5 abuts against the lower surface of the conductive blade 103. At the same time, the U-shaped metal rod 4 on the lower surface of the insulating layer 3 abuts against the surface of the second terminal 102 and is electrically connected to the second terminal 102.

[0034] Construction of the auxiliary circuit: Compared to the traditional current flow from the first terminal 101 → conductive blade 103 → second terminal 102, this embodiment directly connects the monitor 2 in series. The monitor 2, the arc-shaped metal rod 5, and the U-shaped metal rod 4 form an auxiliary circuit. This auxiliary circuit mainly includes the arc-shaped metal rod 5 → metal contact 204 → first guide rail 205 and second guide rail 206 → another metal contact 204 → electromagnet 201 → U-shaped metal rod 4. Together with the conductive blade 103 and the first terminal 101, it forms a complete current loop. Specifically, the complete current loop is as follows: First terminal 101 → Conductive blade 103 → Arc-shaped metal rod 5 → Metal contact 204 → First guide rail 205 and second guide rail 206 → Another metal contact 204 → Electromagnet 201 → U-shaped metal rod 4 → Second terminal 102; Wherein, after the current passes through the electromagnet 201, the electromagnet 201 generates magnetic force, attracting the insulated magnetic slider 203 to move along the limiting slide 202 towards the electromagnet 201, driving the metal contact 204 to slide synchronously into the corresponding conductive rail. The lamp 207 on the corresponding conductive rail will light up synchronously as the current is turned on. The maintenance personnel can directly judge the activation and deactivation status of the hard pressure plate by the position of the lit lamp 207, and complete the visual monitoring.

[0035] When the conductive blade 103 is disengaged, it rotates and disengages from the arc-shaped metal rod 5, immediately disconnecting the auxiliary circuit. This prevents the indicator light from being triggered, allowing for a direct visual assessment of the hard plate's engagement / disengagement status by observing whether the indicator light is on. When the conductive blade 103 loosens, the current in the auxiliary circuit decreases, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 201 weakens, and the insulated magnetic slider 203 resets away from the electromagnet 201 under the action of the tension spring 208. This causes a change in the position of the illuminated lamp 207, enabling maintenance personnel to promptly detect abnormal contact of the hard plate and avoid safety hazards caused by poor contact.

[0036] In this embodiment, the colors of the three lamps 207 can be set for easier and more intuitive observation. For example, the three lamps 207 on the limiting slide 202 can be red, green and yellow from front to back. The insulating magnetic slider 203 can be made of nickel-zinc ferrite magnetic material and wrapped with insulating plastic, so that it can be attracted by the electromagnet 201 without conducting electricity and affecting the conduction of the metal contact 204, and without interfering with the current distribution of the auxiliary circuit.

[0037] When the current is in the normal range, the insulated magnetic slider 203 is attracted to the middle area and aligned with the middle green lamp tube 207. At this time, the overall current of the auxiliary circuit is in the preset normal range, indicating that the hard pressure plate is engaged and the contact is good. When the current is too low and there is poor contact, the insulating magnetic slider 203 cannot be completely attracted to the middle position. It will only stay at the position corresponding to the yellow lamp 207 at the end, or at the junction of yellow and green. At this time, the yellow lamp 207 is lit, or the yellow and green lamps are lit at the same time. The maintenance personnel can intuitively judge that there is a loose contact in the hard plate and it needs to be dealt with in time. When the hard platen is fully engaged but the current increases abnormally, the increased current increases the magnetic force of the electromagnet 201, attracting the insulated magnetic slider 203 to slide to the position of the red lamp 207 at the frontmost point, or at the junction of red and green. At this time, the red lamp 207 is lit, or the red and green lamps are lit at the same time. This indicates that the overall circuit current of the hard platen is in an abnormally increased state, and maintenance personnel need to further investigate the circuit fault, so as to achieve dual visualization monitoring of the engagement / disengagement status and the contact status.

[0038] In this embodiment, the magnetic force setting of electromagnet 201 and the setting of tension spring 208 can be adjusted according to the actual usage scenario. Users can pre-calibrate and select the corresponding specifications of electromagnet 201 and tension spring 208 according to the secondary circuit voltage level of different substations, the rated current of hard pressure plate and the ambient temperature of the site. On-site deployment can be completed without modifying the main structure of the device, ensuring that the overall power consumption of the auxiliary circuit is extremely low and will not cause any additional load to the main circuit of the hard pressure plate. It ensures that the accuracy and timeliness of core functions such as protection tripping and signal transmission are not affected in any way. It has strong adaptability and ensures that the entire auxiliary circuit will not occupy too much current when connected to the main circuit and will not affect the normal operation of the original main circuit of the hard pressure plate body 1.

[0039] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, the three sets of conductive tracks are separated by an insulating core 209 to form an isolation, and the resistance values ​​of the three sets of conductive tracks decrease sequentially from front to back. When the auxiliary circuit current increases, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 201 increases accordingly, which can attract the insulating magnetic slider 203 to slide along the limiting slide 202 towards the electromagnet 201, so that the metal contact 204 gradually connects to the conductive track with a larger resistance, dynamically adjusting the overall resistance of the auxiliary circuit while lighting up the lamp tube 207 in the corresponding resistance range. It should be noted that an insulating core 209 is added at the junction of the three sets of conductive tracks. The inner wall of the insulating core 209 has a track for the metal contact 204 to pass through, allowing the metal contact 204 to slide between different conductive tracks, realizing dynamic switching of the circuit resistance. The insulating core 209 also prevents interference between adjacent sets of conductive tracks and between the two lamps 207. The overall design of the insulating core 209 is relatively narrow, ensuring that when the metal contact 204 passes through, it must be able to make an electrical connection with one conductive track, or pass through two sets of conductive tracks at the same time, so that the two adjacent lamps 207 can be lit simultaneously. This makes it easier to intuitively distinguish the current range and avoids the current being interrupted by the insulating core 209 when the metal contact 204 is at the junction, which would cause all the lamps 207 to not light up, thus preventing monitoring gaps and blind spots.

[0040] Furthermore, the resistance values ​​of the three sets of conductive tracks are designed using different conductive materials, so that the resistance values ​​of the three sets of conductive tracks decrease sequentially from front to back. When the current weakens, the insulating magnetic slider 203 moves backward, connecting the conductive track with lower resistance while illuminating the yellow lamp 207, thus reducing the total resistance of the auxiliary circuit. Conversely, when the current abnormally increases, the insulating magnetic slider 203 moves forward, connecting the conductive track with higher resistance, which can conversely increase the overall circuit resistance. This not only illuminates the corresponding lamp 207 based on the overall current circuit size but also achieves self-stabilizing regulation of the current circuit based on the overall current fluctuation. Specifically: Main circuit current ↑ → electromagnet 201 attraction force ↑ → slider moves forward → connects to conductive rail with larger resistance value → auxiliary circuit total resistance ↑ → auxiliary circuit current ↓ → total current in the entire current loop ↓; Main circuit current ↓ → electromagnet 201 attraction force ↓ → slider moves backward → connects to a conductive track with smaller resistance → auxiliary circuit total resistance ↓ → auxiliary circuit current ↑ → total current in the entire current loop ↑; In this way, the change in magnetic force of electromagnet 201 is converted into mechanical displacement, which can not only monitor the engagement and disengagement status of the hard pressure plate body 1, but also realize the dynamic adjustment of the resistance of the auxiliary circuit based on the change in current fluctuation. When the main circuit current fluctuates, reverse compensation can be performed by changing the resistance value of the connected circuit. That is, a large resistor is connected in series when the current is large, and a small resistor is connected in series when the current is small. This can suppress the current surge in the secondary circuit, further reduce the current fluctuation in the secondary circuit, and improve the overall working stability of the circuit of the hard pressure plate body 1.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, an insulating lever 9 is rotatably connected to the front end of the limiting slide 202. The front end of the insulating lever 9 is provided with a slide groove 10. An insulating block 11 is slidably connected inside the slide groove 10. The top of the insulating block 11 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped metal rod 5. The insulating lever 9 is rotatably connected via the shaft limiting slide 202. A torsion spring 12 is sleeved on the outside of the shaft. One end of the torsion spring 12 is fixedly connected to the insulating lever 9, and the other end of the torsion spring 12 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting slide 202. It should be noted that an insulating lever 9 is added to the front end of the limiting slide 202. Only when the current increases to a certain level and the insulating magnetic slider 203 slides to the front end of the limiting slide 202 will the insulating lever 9 be triggered to rotate clockwise. When the insulating lever 9 rotates clockwise, it causes the insulating block 11 to move. The displacement path of the insulating block 11 is doubly restricted by the arc-shaped metal rod 5 and the slide groove 10. It will slide along the slide groove 10 and at the same time cause the arc-shaped metal rod 5 to slide against the bottom of the conductive blade 103, so that the original contact point between the arc-shaped metal rod 5 and the conductive blade 103 moves.

[0042] When the current is overloaded, the conductive blade 103 is connected in a fixed position for a long time. This contact point is easily burned and oxidized by the overload current. When the current is overloaded, the contact position between the arc-shaped metal rod 5 and the conductive blade 103 is automatically adjusted to switch it to a brand new, unworn contact area. Compared with the fixed point carrying the current, this embodiment adds an extra point to carry the large current, which averages the heat loss, suppresses contact deformation and metal creep, slows down the contact point burning rate, and thus extends the overall service life of the device.

[0043] In addition, when the current drops, the insulating magnetic slider 203 resets backward and no longer applies a pushing force to the insulating lever 9. The insulating lever 9 rotates in the opposite direction to reset under the action of the torsion spring 12, driving the insulating block 11 and the arc-shaped metal rod 5 to return to the initial contact position synchronously. This automatically completes the switching and reset of the contact point, avoiding aging and burning caused by long-term use of the same contact point. During the swinging and offset process of the arc-shaped metal rod 5, the arc-shaped metal rod 5 and the conductive sheet undergo relative sliding friction, automatically scraping off the oxide layer, dust, and carbides on the metal surface, always maintaining low-impedance metal surface contact. There is no need to periodically disassemble and grind the pressure plate contacts, reducing the amount of on-site power outage maintenance work.

[0044] Furthermore, it should be noted that the arc-shaped metal rod 5 in this embodiment is not frequently triggered. It is only triggered once when the main circuit current exceeds the normal preset range and the insulating magnetic slider 203 slides to the foremost position. It will not switch frequently during normal current fluctuations, thus avoiding unnecessary wear on the arc-shaped metal rod 5. It can also automatically reset when the current drops. The entire triggering and switching process does not require additional power.

[0045] Example 2 The following describes a method for monitoring the activation / deactivation status of hardened pressure plates in a substation, based on the aforementioned device. The method includes the following steps: S1. Device installation: The insulating layer 3 is positioned by embedding the inner U-shaped protrusion 6 into the U-shaped opening at the front end of the conductive blade 103. The conductive blade 103 is clamped and locked with the reset spring 8 and L-shaped locking rod 7 to prevent the insulating layer 3 from falling off and shifting. The insulating layer 3 electrically isolates the second terminal 102 from the conductive blade 103, so that the bottom U-shaped metal rod 4 always fits against the second terminal 102 to achieve electrical connection. S2. Engagement / Disengagement Monitoring: When the conductive blade 103 is rotated to complete the engagement and closing, the lower surface of the conductive blade 103 abuts against the arc-shaped metal rod 5 on the upper surface of the insulating layer 3. The arc-shaped metal rod 5, the indicator light module, the electromagnet 201, and the U-shaped metal rod 4 form a series auxiliary circuit. The auxiliary circuit is energized and conducts. When the conductive blade 103 is rotated out and disengaged, the arc-shaped metal rod 5 separates from the conductive blade 103, the auxiliary circuit is simultaneously de-energized and disconnected, and all lamps 207 are extinguished. The maintenance personnel can directly determine the engagement / disengagement status of the hard pressure plate body 1 by whether the lamps 207 are lit or not. S3. Visual indication of abnormal current: After the auxiliary circuit is turned on, the electromagnet 201 is energized to generate magnetic force, which attracts the insulated magnetic slider 203 inside the limiting slide 202 to slide forward against the elastic force of the tension spring 208. The metal contacts 204 on both sides of the insulated magnetic slider 203 slide synchronously along three sets of gradient resistance conductive tracks. The conductive tracks are divided into the first guide rail 205 and the second guide rail 206, which connect the corresponding lamp tubes 207. According to the lighting position of the lamp tubes 207, graded monitoring is achieved. If the current is normal, the middle lamp tube 207 is lit. If the circuit current is too small, the magnetic force of the electromagnet 201 weakens and the end lamp tube 207 is lit. If the circuit current is abnormally large due to overload, the frontmost lamp tube 207 is lit. S4. Current surge suppression: When the main circuit current increases, the insulated magnetic slider 203 moves forward to connect to the high-resistance conductive track, raising the total resistance of the auxiliary circuit and suppressing the surge of circuit current. When the main circuit current decreases, the insulated magnetic slider 203 moves backward to connect to the low-resistance conductive track, reducing the total resistance of the auxiliary circuit and compensating for the attenuation of the circuit current. Adjacent conductive tracks are isolated by the insulating core 209. S5. Switching of conductive contact points: When the circuit is overloaded and the insulating magnetic slider 203 moves to the front end, the insulating magnetic slider 203 pushes the insulating lever 9 to overcome the spring force of the torsion spring 12 and rotates. This causes the insulating lever 11 inside the slide groove 10 to move and swing the arc-shaped metal rod 5 slightly, changing the original contact point between the arc-shaped metal rod 5 and the conductive blade 103. The contact point is switched to a brand new, unworn contact surface to share the overload heat loss. After the circuit current returns to the normal range, the torsion spring 12 drives the insulating lever 9 to automatically reset.

[0046] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A substation hardened pressure plate activation / deactivation status monitoring device, comprising a hardened pressure plate body and a monitor installed on one side of the hardened pressure plate body, characterized in that: The hard plate body includes a first terminal and a second terminal. A conductive blade is rotatably connected to the first terminal. An insulating layer is sleeved on the bottom front end of the conductive blade. The lower surface of the insulating layer is fixedly connected to a U-shaped metal rod for connecting the second terminal, and the upper surface of the insulating layer is rotatably connected to an arc-shaped metal rod for connecting the conductive blade. The monitor includes an electromagnet and an indicator light module. The U-shaped metal rod, electromagnet, indicator light module, and arc-shaped metal rod are connected in series with wires to form an auxiliary circuit. When the conductive blade is inserted and comes into contact with the arc-shaped metal rod, the auxiliary circuit is turned on. The indicator light module can light up a specific indicator light according to the current fluctuation of the auxiliary circuit, and at the same time switch the resistance value of the auxiliary circuit to suppress the current surge of the secondary circuit.

2. The substation hard plate activation / deactivation status monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive blade has a U-shaped opening at its front end, and the inner side of the insulating layer has a U-shaped protrusion. The U-shaped protrusion is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the U-shaped opening at the front end of the conductive blade. The U-shaped protrusion is embedded in the U-shaped opening to achieve the positioning of the insulating layer and to make the second terminal electrically isolated from the conductive blade. An L-shaped locking rod is slidably connected to the upper surface of the insulating layer, and the L-shaped locking rod is connected to the U-shaped protrusion by a return spring.

3. The substation hard plate activation / deactivation status monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The indicator module includes a limiting slide rail, on which an insulated magnetic slider is slidably connected. Metal contacts are fixed on both sides of the insulated magnetic slider. One of the metal contacts is electrically connected to the output end of the electromagnet via a wire, and the other metal contact is electrically connected to an arc-shaped metal rod via a wire. The input end of the electromagnet is electrically connected to the U-shaped metal rod via a wire.

4. The substation hard plate activation / deactivation status monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the limiting slide is fixedly connected to three sets of conductive tracks, which are divided into a first guide rail and a second guide rail. One of the metal contacts slides along the first guide rail of the three sets of conductive tracks, and the other metal contact slides along the second guide rail of the three sets of conductive tracks. A lamp tube is connected in series at the top of the first guide rail and the second guide rail of the three sets of conductive tracks.

5. A substation hard plate activation / deactivation status monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electromagnet is located directly in front of the limiting slide. The end of the limiting slide is connected to the insulated magnetic slider via a tension spring. When the auxiliary circuit current is turned on, the electromagnet generates magnetism after being energized, attracting the insulated magnetic slider to slide towards the electromagnet.

6. The substation hard plate activation / deactivation status monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The three sets of conductive tracks are separated by an insulating core to form isolation, and the resistance values ​​of the three sets of conductive tracks decrease sequentially from front to back. When the auxiliary circuit current increases, the magnetic force of the electromagnet increases accordingly, which can attract the insulating magnetic slider to slide along the limiting slide towards the electromagnet, so that the metal contacts gradually connect to the conductive track with greater resistance, dynamically adjusting the overall resistance of the auxiliary circuit while lighting up the lamp tube in the corresponding resistance range.

7. A substation hard plate activation / deactivation status monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An insulating lever is rotatably connected to the front end of the limiting slide rail. The front end of the insulating lever is provided with a sliding groove. An insulating block is slidably connected inside the sliding groove. The top of the insulating block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the arc-shaped metal rod.

8. The substation hard plate activation / deactivation status monitoring device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insulating lever is rotatably connected via a shaft limiting slide. A torsion spring is sleeved on the outside of the shaft. One end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the insulating lever, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the limiting slide.

9. A method for monitoring the activation / deactivation status of hardened pressure plates in a substation, characterized in that, The substation hard plate activation / deactivation status monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-8 includes the following steps: S1. Device installation: The insulating layer is positioned by embedding the inner U-shaped protrusion into the U-shaped opening at the front end of the conductive blade. The conductive blade is clamped and locked with the return spring and L-shaped locking rod to prevent the insulating layer from falling off and shifting. The insulating layer electrically isolates the second terminal from the conductive blade, so that the bottom U-shaped metal rod is always in contact with the second terminal to achieve electrical connection. S2. Engagement / Disengagement Monitoring: When the conductive blade is rotated to complete the engagement and closing, the lower surface of the conductive blade abuts against the arc-shaped metal rod on the upper surface of the insulating layer. The arc-shaped metal rod, indicator light module, electromagnet, and U-shaped metal rod form a series auxiliary circuit. The auxiliary circuit is energized and conducts. When the conductive blade is rotated out and disengaged, the arc-shaped metal rod separates from the conductive blade, the auxiliary circuit is simultaneously de-energized and disconnected, and all lamps are extinguished. Maintenance personnel can directly determine the engagement / disengagement status of the hard plate body by whether the lamps are lit or not. S3. Visual indication of abnormal current: After the auxiliary circuit is turned on, the electromagnet is energized and generates magnetic force, which attracts the insulated magnetic slider inside the limiting slide to slide forward against the tension spring. The metal contacts on both sides of the insulated magnetic slider slide synchronously along three sets of gradient resistance conductive tracks. The conductive tracks are divided into the first track and the second track, which turn on the corresponding lamp tubes. According to the lighting position of the lamp tube, the middle lamp tube is lit when the current is normal, the end lamp tube is lit when the circuit current is small and the magnetic force of the electromagnet is weakened, and the front lamp tube is lit when the circuit current is abnormally large due to overload. S4. Current surge suppression: When the main circuit current increases, the insulated magnetic slider moves forward to connect to the high-resistance conductive track, raising the total resistance of the auxiliary circuit and suppressing the surge of circuit current. When the main circuit current decreases, the insulated magnetic slider moves backward to connect to the low-resistance conductive track, reducing the total resistance of the auxiliary circuit and compensating for the attenuation of the circuit current. Adjacent conductive tracks are isolated by an insulating core. S5. Switching of conductive contact points: When the circuit is overloaded and the insulated magnetic slider moves to the front end, the insulated magnetic slider pushes the insulated lever to overcome the spring force of the torsion spring and rotates. This causes the insulated lever inside the slide to move and swing slightly in conjunction with the arc-shaped metal rod, changing the original contact point between the arc-shaped metal rod and the conductive blade. The switch is made to a brand new, unworn contact surface to distribute the overload heat loss. After the circuit current returns to the normal range, the torsion spring drives the insulated lever to automatically reset.

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