Greenhouse tomato temperature and humidity self-adaptive micron-sized aerosol dynamic regulation system

Abstract

The application provides a greenhouse tomato temperature and humidity self-adaptive micron-sized aerosol dynamic regulation system. The system comprises an environment monitoring module, an automatic dosing module, an aerosol preparation module, an aerosol release module, an intelligent control module and an automatic driving device. The environment monitoring module collects temperature and humidity data in real time; the automatic dosing module mixes liquid medicine online; the aerosol preparation module atomizes the liquid medicine into micron-sized monodisperse aerosols through a high-frequency atomizer and an electric fan; the aerosol release module changes the nozzle opening degree by driving the adjusting plate through an electric push rod to realize controllable release; the intelligent control module dynamically adjusts the ultrasonic atomization power and the nozzle opening degree according to the temperature and humidity data, and carries out closed-loop regulation and control according to the strategy of compensating evaporation at high temperature and low humidity and inhibiting coagulation at high humidity. The application can improve the effective deposition rate of the pesticide and the uniformity of the droplet deposition, improve the coverage effect of the lower part of the canopy and the back of the leaf, reduce the amount of pesticide used under the premise of achieving the same control effect, and has the functions of automatic dosing and autonomous driving, thereby reducing the labor participation and operation risk.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant protection technology in facility agriculture, specifically to a temperature and humidity adaptive micron-level aerosol dynamic control system for greenhouse eggplants. Background Technology

[0002] Facility agriculture, especially greenhouse eggplant cultivation, has been widely promoted due to its high economic value. However, the high temperature and humidity in the enclosed environment of greenhouses also provide conditions for the outbreak of pests and diseases. Scientific and effective plant protection operations are key to ensuring yield and quality. Currently, pest and disease control for greenhouse eggplants mainly relies on manual backpack spraying of large volumes of pesticide solution. This method has inherent drawbacks such as low work efficiency, large pesticide usage, high risk of pesticide residue exceeding standards, and threats to the health of workers.

[0003] In recent years, the use of ultrasonic atomization technology to generate small-diameter droplets for ultra-low volume spraying has attracted attention due to its fine droplet texture and water and pesticide savings. For example, existing technology (CN111226891B) discloses a precision atomization uniform pesticide application system for greenhouses, which converts liquid pesticide into aerosol through an ultrasonic atomization device and uses a movable air duct to transport and release the aerosol to the target area. This solution improves the level of automation and droplet penetration, and solves the problem of traditional ground machinery being easily blocked by crop canopy shading.

[0004] However, the aforementioned existing technologies and other ultrasonic atomizing devices on the market all use open-loop preset control logic: that is, after the device is started, it continuously produces and releases droplets with constant ultrasonic power and fan pressure. This fixed-parameter operating mode ignores the key environmental variables affecting the fate of droplets—temperature and humidity. According to the principles of atomization kinetics, when the environment inside the greenhouse changes (such as high temperature and low humidity at noon, or high humidity at night), droplets of a fixed particle size will exhibit drastically different behaviors. Under high temperature and low humidity conditions, micron-sized droplets will evaporate rapidly during the settling process, resulting in a significant reduction in the effective amount of pesticide actually reaching the surface of crop leaves, greatly reducing the control effect; while under high humidity conditions, droplets are prone to supersaturation and condensation, or runoff on the leaf surface, causing uneven deposition and pesticide waste.

[0005] A deeper deficiency lies in the fact that existing technologies lack the ability to perceive and utilize environmental parameters. Application decisions rely entirely on human experience, making it impossible to quantify the dynamic matching relationship between temperature, humidity, and optimal application parameters. This results in inconsistent control effects even with advanced ultrasonic atomization technology in the dynamic environment of greenhouses, failing to achieve truly precise and on-demand application. This is a technological bottleneck restricting the improvement of intelligent plant protection in facility agriculture.

[0006] Therefore, how to dynamically and adaptively adjust the key parameters of atomization generation and aerosol release based on the real-time changes in temperature and humidity in the greenhouse, so as to ensure the stability and uniformity of the efficacy under any environment, while further reducing the dosage of the drug, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a temperature and humidity adaptive micron-level aerosol dynamic control system for greenhouse eggplants, solving the technical problem that "existing greenhouse pesticide application systems cannot dynamically adjust atomization parameters according to environmental temperature and humidity, resulting in large fluctuations in effective deposition and unstable control effects".

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented using the following technical solution: This invention provides a temperature and humidity adaptive micron-level aerosol dynamic control system for greenhouse eggplants, comprising: an environmental monitoring module, an automatic dosing module, an aerosol preparation module, an aerosol release module, an intelligent control module, and an automatic driving device; The environmental monitoring module is used to collect temperature and relative humidity data inside the greenhouse in real time. The automatic dosing module is used to mix the drug solution and then deliver it to the aerosol preparation module; The aerosol preparation module includes a high-frequency atomizer and an electric fan. The high-frequency atomizer atomizes the liquid medicine into micron-sized aerosols. The electric fan drives the airflow to transport the aerosols to the aerosol release module and breaks up the multi-molecular adhesive droplets into monodisperse particles. The aerosol release module includes an electric push rod, an adjusting plate, and a nozzle. The electric push rod receives instructions from the intelligent control module and drives the adjusting plate to move to change the inlet cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle, so that the aerosol is ejected from the multi-hole outlet at the top of the nozzle. The intelligent control module is connected to the environmental monitoring module, the aerosol preparation module, and the aerosol release module respectively, and is used to dynamically adjust the ultrasonic atomization power of the aerosol preparation module and the opening of the nozzle according to the temperature and relative humidity data. The automatic driving device can drive the entire system to travel along a preset path, including drive wheels, a walking motor and a controller. The controller receives instructions from the intelligent control module to control the driving speed, steering and start / stop.

[0009] Furthermore, the intelligent control module is configured to: increase the ultrasonic atomization power and decrease the nozzle opening when the detected temperature is higher than 30°C or the relative humidity is lower than 75%; decrease the ultrasonic atomization power and increase the nozzle opening when the detected relative humidity is higher than 85%; and maintain the system's preset baseline operating parameters in other cases.

[0010] Furthermore, the power of the high-frequency atomizer is 10~30W.

[0011] Furthermore, the aerosol droplet size distribution of the system output is in the range of 3~5μm.

[0012] Furthermore, the aerosol release module also includes a flow limiting plate and a baffle plate. The flow limiting plate is used to limit the maximum opening of the regulating plate, and the baffle plate is located inside the nozzle to uniformly disperse the aerosol.

[0013] Furthermore, the intelligent control module also has a reserved programmable interface for inputting the surface tension value of the target pesticide. The intelligent control module adjusts the driving frequency of the high-frequency atomizer according to the input surface tension value to maintain the droplet diameter within the range of 3~5μm.

[0014] Furthermore, the automatic dosing module includes a peristaltic pump and a mixer. The peristaltic pump draws pesticide mother liquor, and the mixer mixes the mother liquor with water in a set ratio and then delivers it to the aerosol preparation module.

[0015] This invention also provides a control method for a temperature and humidity adaptive micron-level aerosol dynamic control system for greenhouse eggplants, comprising the following steps: S1. The drug solution is mixed through the automatic dosing module and then transported to the aerosol preparation module; S2. Start the high-frequency atomizer in the aerosol preparation module to atomize the drug liquid into micron-sized aerosols. At the same time, start the electric fan to drive the airflow to transport the aerosol to the aerosol release module and break the multi-molecule bonded droplets into monodisperse aerosols, so that the aerosols are sprayed out from the porous outlet at the top of the aerosol release module. S3. The environmental monitoring module collects the temperature T and relative humidity RH in the greenhouse in real time. When the preset high temperature or low humidity conditions are met, the ultrasonic atomization power is increased and the nozzle opening is decreased. When the preset high humidity conditions are met, the ultrasonic atomization power is decreased and the nozzle opening is increased. In other cases, the preset baseline operating parameters of the system are maintained. S4 converts the control command of S3 into a PWM signal and outputs it to the high-frequency atomizer and the electric push rod respectively to execute the corresponding actions; after a delay, it returns to S3 and executes in a loop to achieve closed-loop dynamic control of the atomization state.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: (1) This invention solves the problem of the effectiveness of existing technologies fluctuating with the environment by adaptive dynamic control of temperature and humidity. In high temperature and low humidity conditions, the atomization power is increased and the nozzle opening is reduced to compensate for evaporation loss; in high humidity conditions, the power is reduced and the opening is increased to avoid droplet agglomeration. Experiments show that after using this invention, the control efficacy against gray mold of eggplant reaches 87.3% 7 days after application, significantly better than traditional manual spraying and fixed-parameter ultrasonic atomization equipment.

[0017] (2) By generating 3~5μm monodisperse micron-level aerosols, combined with electric fans and adjustable nozzles, the present invention achieves three-dimensional full coverage of aerosols in greenhouses, improves the effective deposition rate of pesticides and the uniformity of droplet deposition, and especially improves the coverage effect of the lower part of the canopy and the underside of the leaves. Under the premise of achieving the same prevention and control effect, the present invention can reduce the amount of pesticides used, thereby achieving reduced pesticide use and increased efficiency.

[0018] (3) This invention integrates an automatic dosing module, a programmable interface and an automatic driving device, realizing a closed-loop automated operation of the entire process from online mixing of pesticide solution and automatic matching of atomization parameters to autonomous driving application. Users can set parameters such as pesticide surface tension through the interface, and the system automatically adapts to the atomization frequency, which enhances equipment compatibility and significantly reduces reliance on manual labor and health risks to operators. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the aerosol preparation module of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a modeling diagram of the aerosol release module of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a physical image of the aerosol release module of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a system control flowchart of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between aerosol diameter, suspension time, and pesticide spraying efficiency.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1. Environmental monitoring module; 2. Automatic dosing module; 3. Aerosol preparation module; 4. Aerosol release module; 41. Electric push rod; 42. Flow limiting plate; 43. Adjustment plate; 44. Baffle plate; 45. Nozzle; 5. Intelligent control module; 6. Automatic driving device. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] This invention uses temperature and humidity adaptive control to dynamically adjust ultrasonic power and nozzle opening according to the real-time environment, effectively compensating for droplet evaporation loss under high temperature and low humidity and inhibiting droplet coagulation under high humidity, thereby ensuring that micron-sized aerosols always have a stable and effective deposition amount in the changing greenhouse environment.

[0028] The droplet size determines its suspension ability in greenhouse air. According to Stokes' law of settling, the smaller the droplet size, the longer the suspension time. In this invention, the preferred droplet size is 3~5μm.

[0029] This invention employs high-frequency ultrasonic atomization (power 10~30W). Based on Rayleigh's surface tension wave theory, the relationship between droplet diameter D and ultrasonic frequency f, liquid surface tension σ, and density ρ is as follows: D=0.34λ For water-based solutions, D can be calculated to be approximately 3μm by substituting typical values. By using a fixed frequency, the initial droplet size can be ensured to be within the target range, which is the basis of the hardware design.

[0030] To further homogenize the droplet size, this invention mixes the initial aerosol with clean air in a co-current flow to create a supersaturated environment. Utilizing the Kelvin effect—smaller droplets require higher saturated vapor pressure—droplets smaller than a certain critical diameter (Kelvin diameter) will evaporate and disappear under the same supersaturation level, while droplets larger than this diameter will grow. Eventually, all droplets tend to be the same size, resulting in a monodisperse aerosol. The Kelvin formula is: S R ρ is the saturation level, γ is the surface tension of the droplet, M is the molar mass of the liquid, and ρ is the surface tension of the droplet. p Let ρ be the density of the liquid, R be the ideal gas constant, T be the absolute temperature, and d be the density of the liquid. p denoted as the droplet diameter.

[0031] The rate of water vapor exchange between droplets and the environment during sedimentation depends on the relative magnitudes of the droplet size and the mean free path of gas molecules. When the droplet diameter d... p When the velocity is less than the mean free path λ of gas molecules, the evaporation / growth rate is determined by the molecular collision frequency. (1), where d p Let the droplet diameter be a c p is the condensation coefficient, which is 0.04 in this embodiment. ∞p is the partial pressure of the gas surrounding the droplet. d ρ is the partial pressure of gas at the surface of the droplet. p Let P be the density of the liquid, T be the pressure of the surrounding gas, T be the temperature of the surrounding gas, and λ be the mean free path of the surrounding gas.

[0032] When d p When the velocity is greater than λ, the rate is determined by diffusion mass transfer: (2), where D v Let M be the diffusion coefficient of the gas molecules, M be the molar mass of the liquid, and T be the diffusion coefficient of the gas molecules. ∞ T represents the temperature around the droplet. d The surface temperature of the droplet; R is the droplet surface correction coefficient, R is the gas constant, and the other parameters are the same as in equation (1).

[0033] A key conclusion can be drawn from equations (1) and (2): the smaller the fog droplets, the faster their evaporation or growth rate. This means that in high temperature or low humidity environments, fog droplets of 3~5μm will shrink rapidly or even evaporate completely; in high humidity environments, small fog droplets will rapidly absorb water vapor and grow and merge.

[0034] Based on this, the present invention formulates an adaptive temperature and humidity control strategy: When the temperature is above 30℃ or the relative humidity is below 75% (high temperature or low humidity), the droplet evaporation rate increases. At this time, increasing the ultrasonic atomization power (to increase the atomization rate) and reducing the nozzle opening (to increase the outlet aerosol flow rate) can compensate for evaporation loss and ensure the effective amount of pesticide reaching the leaf surface.

[0035] When the relative humidity is >85% (high humidity), the risk of droplet coalescence increases. In this case, reduce the ultrasonic atomization power and increase the nozzle opening to reduce the aerosol density and avoid droplet coalescence.

[0036] Maintain rated parameters under other normal operating conditions.

[0037] The following description is based on specific embodiments.

[0038] Example 1; This embodiment uses clean water as an example for calculation, and the prototype demonstration also uses clean water, but the system is designed for water-soluble pesticides. In actual applications, based on the pesticide's physicochemical parameters such as pH and water solubility, the system can automatically match atomization parameters by resetting input values ​​such as surface tension through a programmable interface.

[0039] refer to Figure 1 A temperature and humidity adaptive micron-level aerosol dynamic control system for greenhouse eggplants includes an environmental monitoring module 1, an automatic dosing module 2, an aerosol preparation module 3, an aerosol release module 4, an intelligent control module 5, and an automatic driving device 6.

[0040] The environmental monitoring module 1 uses an SHT35 temperature and humidity sensor to collect temperature and relative humidity data in the greenhouse in real time and transmit it to the intelligent control module 5.

[0041] The automatic dosing module 2 includes a peristaltic pump and a mixer. The peristaltic pump draws pesticide mother liquor from the pesticide container, and the mixer mixes the mother liquor with water in a set ratio and then delivers it to the high-frequency atomizer.

[0042] Figure 2 (a) is a schematic diagram of the aerosol preparation module, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown in (a), the aerosol preparation module 3 includes a high-frequency atomizer, an electric fan, and a control chamber. The control chamber supplies power to the high-frequency atomizer and controls its operation; the high-frequency atomizer atomizes the drug solution into micron-sized droplets; the electric fan drives the airflow to transport the droplets upward, forming a stable aerosol flow, thus realizing the one-step preparation of monodisperse micron-sized aerosols at room temperature.

[0043] Figure 2 (b) is a schematic diagram of the aerosol preparation method, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown in (b), the present invention mixes the generated initial aerosol with clean air in a co-current manner, and uses the clean air to cool the aerosol to room temperature, while forming a supersaturated environment. Under the action of Kelvin effect, when the diameter of the condensation nucleus is larger than the Kelvin diameter, gas molecules will undergo heterogeneous condensation on the surface of the condensation nucleus. The condensation nucleus then continues to grow according to the droplet growth rate formula until it reaches the Kelvin diameter and stops growing, finally obtaining a monodisperse aerosol with uniform particle size.

[0044] The high-frequency atomizer uses a corrosion-resistant atomizing block with a stainless steel outer shell and ceramic atomizing plates. There are two blocks in total, with the following parameters: DC24V, 21W, 0.85A, frequency 2.4MHz, atomization volume 550mL / h, and rated power of 21W. The electric fan has an IP68 waterproof rating and is used to break up multi-molecularly bonded droplets into monodisperse particles.

[0045] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The aerosol release module 4 includes an electric push rod 41, a flow limiting plate 42, an adjusting plate 43, a baffle plate 44, and a nozzle 45. The electric push rod 41 drives the adjusting plate 43 to move back and forth to change the cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle 45 inlet. The flow limiting plate 42 is used to limit the maximum opening of the adjusting plate 43. The baffle plate 44 is located inside the nozzle 45 to uniformly disperse the aerosol. The electric push rod 41 receives instructions from the intelligent control module 5 to adjust the cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle 45 inlet, so that the aerosol is sprayed out from the multi-hole outlet at the top of the nozzle 45. The electric push rod 41 has a stroke of 15mm and a speed of 4mm / s, and completes one extension and retraction action within 4 seconds.

[0046] The intelligent control module 5 includes a microcontroller that pre-stores the mapping relationship between temperature, humidity, and atomization parameters. The intelligent control module 5 also has a reserved programmable interface for inputting the viscosity and surface tension values ​​of the target pesticide. Based on the input surface tension value, the microcontroller automatically adjusts the driving frequency of the atomizing block according to the relationship between frequency and surface tension, maintaining the droplet diameter within the range of 3–5 μm.

[0047] The automatic driving device 6 includes drive wheels, a walking motor, and a controller. The controller receives instructions from the intelligent control module 5 to control the speed of the walking motor, so that the system can automatically drive along a preset path inside the greenhouse.

[0048] refer to Figure 5 The workflow is as follows: First, the peristaltic pump in the automatic dosing module 2 extracts the pesticide mother liquor. The mixer mixes the mother liquor with water in a set ratio and then delivers it to the high-frequency atomizer in the aerosol preparation module 3. The high-frequency atomizer is activated to atomize the pesticide solution into micron-sized aerosols. At the same time, the electric fan is activated to drive the airflow to deliver the aerosols to the aerosol release module 4, and to break up the multi-molecularly bonded droplets into monodisperse aerosols, so that the aerosols are sprayed out from the multi-hole outlet at the top of the nozzle 45. The environmental monitoring module 1 collects the temperature T and relative humidity RH in the greenhouse in real time. The intelligent control module 5 makes a judgment: if the detected temperature T > 30℃... If the relative humidity RH < 75% (high temperature or low humidity conditions), the ultrasonic atomization power is increased and the opening of the nozzle 45 is decreased to compensate for droplet evaporation loss; if the relative humidity RH > 85% (high humidity conditions), the ultrasonic atomization power is decreased and the opening of the nozzle 45 is increased to prevent droplet agglomeration; otherwise, the system's preset baseline operating parameters are maintained; the intelligent control module 5 converts the control command into a PWM signal and outputs it to the drive circuit of the high-frequency atomizer and the electric push rod 41 respectively to execute the corresponding action; after a 1-second delay, it returns to the temperature and humidity acquisition step and executes the above logic in a loop to achieve closed-loop dynamic control of the atomization state.

[0049] Effect description Figure 6 (a) shows the relationship between aerosol diameter and suspension time, such as Figure 6 As shown in (a), 5μm droplets can be suspended for about 43 minutes, and 1μm droplets can be suspended for about 16 hours. When the actual droplet size distribution is controlled within the range of 3~5μm, the droplet suspension time can meet the requirements of long-term suspension and uniform diffusion in greenhouse pesticide application.

[0050] Figure 6 (b) shows the relationship between aerosol diameter and pesticide spraying efficiency, such as Figure 6As shown in (b), compared with the larger droplets of 100 μm, the smaller droplets of 5 μm showed significant advantages in terms of coverage density, penetration ability, pesticide adhesion, and pesticide utilization rate. Only the droplet settling dimension was weaker, which reflects the technical advantages of micron-sized droplets in greenhouse pesticide application, which take into account uniformity, adhesion and utilization rate.

[0051] Example 2; This embodiment employs the same greenhouse eggplant temperature and humidity adaptive micron-level aerosol dynamic control system (hereinafter referred to as the system of this invention) as Example 1, with identical system composition, module connection relationships, control logic, and workflow. This embodiment aims to quantitatively verify the pesticide application effect of the system of this invention under different temperature and humidity conditions through comparative experiments, specifically including indicators such as droplet deposition uniformity, pesticide utilization rate, and pest and disease control effect.

[0052] Experimental Design During the experiment, the greenhouse was in natural ventilation mode with an average wind speed of 0.1~0.3m / s. The crop planted was eggplant (variety: Changqie 934), with a plant spacing of 50cm×70cm and an average plant height of 65cm. The plants were in the flowering and fruiting stage.

[0053] Experimental group: Experimental group: The system of this invention is used to automatically adjust the ultrasonic power and nozzle opening according to real-time temperature and humidity, and dynamically match the drug application parameters.

[0054] Control group 1: The same pesticide solution was manually sprayed using a traditional backpack electric sprayer (working pressure 0.4MPa, nozzle orifice diameter 0.8mm, droplet volume median diameter approximately 150μm).

[0055] Control group 2: The existing ultrasonic atomization equipment (fixed ultrasonic power 20W, no temperature and humidity feedback adjustment) was used, and the drug application parameters were fixed.

[0056] Each test area is 100m² 2 Repeat 3 times and take the average.

[0057] Application parameters and pesticide information Test reagent: 25% azoxystrobin suspension (water-soluble, surface tension 72.5 × 10⁻⁶) -3 N / m, viscosity 1.02 mPa·s), dilution factor 1500 times.

[0058] The operating parameters of the system of this invention are as follows: when the temperature is 25℃ and the relative humidity is 80% (suitable), the rated power is 20W and the nozzle opening is 60% of the total width of the nozzle.

[0059] When the temperature is 28℃ and the relative humidity is 65% (low humidity): the ultrasonic power is increased to 120% of the rated power, and the nozzle opening is reduced to 40% of the total nozzle width.

[0060] When the temperature is 25℃ and the relative humidity is 90% (high humidity): the ultrasonic power drops to 70% of the rated power, and the nozzle opening increases to 85% of the total nozzle width.

[0061] Test metrics and methods: Droplet size and suspension time: The droplet size distribution at 30 cm from the nozzle outlet was measured using a laser particle size analyzer; in a static greenhouse, glass slides were placed at different heights (0.5 m, 1.0 m, 1.5 m), and samples were taken every 10 minutes for microscopic examination. The time it took for the number of droplets to decay to 10% of the initial value was counted as the effective suspension time.

[0062] The droplet size generated by the system of this invention is stable within the range of 3~5μm (peak value 3.8μm), with a narrow droplet size distribution (span=0.58). Under static, windless conditions, the effective suspension time of the droplets reaches 3~4 hours, while under actual greenhouse natural ventilation conditions, the effective suspension time is 1~1.5 hours. Control group 1 has larger droplet size (120~180μm) and a settling time of only about 8 seconds, failing to form suspension diffusion. Although control group 2 can generate some micron-sized droplets (3~8μm in size, with a wider distribution, span=1.23), due to the lack of temperature and humidity compensation, under high temperature or low humidity conditions (32℃ / 55%RH), droplets with a size ≤4μm evaporate rapidly during the settling process, and the actual effective droplets reaching the canopy are less than 40% of the initial amount.

[0063] Deposition distribution uniformity: Water-sensitive paper was placed on the front and back of the leaves of the upper and lower canopy layers (20cm and 50cm from the ground) of eggplant plants. After application, the droplet coverage density per unit area (droplets / cm²) was scanned and analyzed, and the coefficient of variation (CV) was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0064] Table 1

[0065] As shown in Table 1, due to the three-dimensional suspension and diffusion characteristics of aerosols, the droplets in the system of this invention can naturally penetrate to the lower layer of the canopy and the underside of the leaves with the airflow. The overall deposition uniformity CV value is only 14.2%, which is far superior to control group 1 (68.5%) and control group 2 (41.3%). Especially on the underside of the lower leaves, the coverage density of the system of this invention is 9.8 times that of control group 1, which significantly solves the problem of traditional spraying having more coverage on the front and less on the back.

[0066] Drug utilization rate: Fluorescent tracer was used to mix the drug solution. After application, plant leaves and drift filter paper were collected. The amount of drug deposited on each part was measured by a fluorescence spectrophotometer, and the effective deposition rate (the percentage of drug deposited on the target leaves out of the total amount of drug applied) was calculated.

[0067] Effective deposition rate: 68.3% in this embodiment; 31.5% in control group 1; 47.2% in control group 2, indicating that the system of the present invention improves the utilization rate of the agent compared with traditional manual spraying.

[0068] Reduction effect of pesticides: Under the premise of achieving a relative prevention efficacy of ≥85%, the pesticide dosage per acre of the system of this invention is reduced by 57.1% compared with the control group 1, and by 43.8% compared with the control group 2.

[0069] Disease and pest control efficacy: The incidence rate and disease index of eggplant gray mold were investigated on days 3, 7, and 14 after pesticide application, and the relative control efficacy was calculated. Five samples were taken from each plot, and five plants were investigated at each point. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0070] Table 2

[0071] The system of this invention achieved a control efficacy of 87.3% seven days after application, significantly higher than control group 1 (78.5%) and control group 2 (83.1%). This is because the adaptive temperature and humidity control allows the droplets to compensate for evaporation under high temperature and low humidity conditions and avoid oversaturation under high humidity conditions, ensuring the stability of the effective deposition amount. At the same time, the three-dimensional full coverage characteristic also provides sufficient protection for the underside of leaves and stem crevices where pathogens are easily infected.

[0072] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No markings in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A temperature and humidity adaptive micron-level aerosol dynamic control system for greenhouse eggplants, characterized in that, include: Environmental monitoring module (1), automatic dosing module (2), aerosol preparation module (3), aerosol release module (4) and intelligent control module (5); The environmental monitoring module (1) is used to collect temperature and relative humidity data in the greenhouse in real time; The automatic dosing module (2) is used to mix the drug solution and then deliver it to the aerosol preparation module (3). The aerosol preparation module (3) includes a high-frequency atomizer and an electric fan. The high-frequency atomizer atomizes the liquid medicine into micron-sized aerosols. The electric fan drives the airflow to transport the aerosols to the aerosol release module (4) and disperses the multi-molecular adhesive droplets into monodisperse particles. The aerosol release module (4) includes an electric push rod (41), an adjustment plate (43), and a nozzle (45). The electric push rod (41) receives instructions from the intelligent control module (5) and drives the adjustment plate (43) to move to change the inlet cross-sectional area of ​​the nozzle (45), so that the aerosol is sprayed out from the multi-hole outlet at the top of the nozzle (45). The intelligent control module (5) is connected to the environmental monitoring module (1), the aerosol preparation module (3) and the aerosol release module (4) respectively, and is used to dynamically adjust the ultrasonic atomization power of the aerosol preparation module (3) and the opening of the nozzle according to the temperature and relative humidity data.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control module (5) is configured to: increase the ultrasonic atomization power and decrease the nozzle opening when the temperature is detected to be higher than 30°C or the relative humidity is lower than 75%; decrease the ultrasonic atomization power and increase the nozzle opening when the relative humidity is detected to be higher than 85%; and maintain the preset baseline operating parameters of the system in other cases.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power of the high-frequency atomizer is 10~30W.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerosol droplet size distribution of the system output is in the range of 3~5μm.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerosol release module (4) further includes a flow limiting plate (42) and a baffle plate (44). The flow limiting plate (42) is used to limit the maximum opening of the regulating plate (43), and the baffle plate (44) is located inside the nozzle (45) to uniformly disperse the aerosol.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control module (5) also has a reserved programmable interface for inputting the surface tension value of the target pesticide. The intelligent control module (5) adjusts the driving frequency of the high-frequency atomizer according to the input surface tension value so that the droplet diameter is maintained in the range of 3~5μm.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic dosing module (2) includes a peristaltic pump and a mixer. The peristaltic pump draws pesticide mother liquor, and the mixer mixes the mother liquor with water in a set ratio and then delivers it to the aerosol preparation module (3).

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an automatic driving device (6) that can travel along a preset path. The automatic driving device (6) includes drive wheels, a walking motor and a controller. The controller receives instructions from the intelligent control module (5) to control the driving speed, steering and start / stop.

9. A control method for the system according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The drug solution is mixed and then transported to the aerosol preparation module (3) through the automatic drug dosing module (2); S2. Start the high-frequency atomizer in the aerosol preparation module (3) to atomize the drug liquid into micron-sized aerosols. At the same time, start the electric fan to drive the airflow to transport the aerosol to the aerosol release module (4) and break the multi-molecule bonded droplets into monodisperse aerosols so that the aerosols are sprayed out from the porous outlet at the top of the aerosol release module (4). S3. The temperature T and relative humidity RH inside the greenhouse are collected in real time through the environmental monitoring module (1). When the temperature is in the preset high temperature or low humidity condition, the ultrasonic atomization power is increased and the opening of the nozzle (45) is reduced. When the temperature is in the preset high humidity condition, the ultrasonic atomization power is reduced and the opening of the nozzle (45) is increased. In other cases, the preset benchmark working parameters of the system are maintained. S4. Convert the control command of S3 into a PWM signal and output it to the high-frequency atomizer and electric push rod (41) respectively to perform the corresponding actions; after a delay, return to S3 and execute in a loop to realize closed-loop dynamic control of the atomization state.

Images