A two-stage automatic generation control active power distribution method and system

Abstract

The application discloses a two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution method and system, and belongs to the technical field of automatic control of power systems, and comprises the following steps: collecting current active power output, minimum active power output, maximum active power output of each generator set participating in automatic power generation control and active power interval endpoints representing vibration zones of each generator set, and constructing vibration zone sets and non-vibration operation sets of the generator sets; the sum of current active power outputs of all participating generator sets is calculated, a total active power deviation is calculated according to a total active power set value, and the total active power deviation is compared with a preset small load threshold value. The application introduces vibration zone intervals and vibration distance functions through mathematics, explicitly incorporates the vibration risk of the generator set into an AGC active power distribution optimization model, mathematically restricts the operation point of the generator set from the vibration zone, and improves mechanical safety and stability of operation of the generator set.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power system automatic control technology, specifically a two-stage automatic generation control active power distribution method and system. Background Technology

[0002] Existing power plants or regional power grids are typically equipped with AGC systems to distribute the total active power command issued by the dispatch center among multiple generator units within the plant, in order to achieve frequency stability and active power balance across the entire network.

[0003] Existing AGC active power allocation methods mainly include allocation based on capacity ratio, allocation based on ramp-up capability ratio, and optimal allocation based on a simple cost function. These methods typically simplify the operable active power output of each unit into a continuous interval. Ignoring the detailed operating characteristics of the unit within this range, in actual engineering, there are often one or more vibration zones within the active power output range of a generator unit. That is, when operating in certain specific active power output ranges, the unit will exhibit phenomena such as shaft torsional vibration and intensified mechanical vibration. These vibration zones can usually be obtained through testing or data provided by the manufacturer, and are represented by several output ranges. If the AGC allocation result causes the unit's operating point to fall into or frequently cross these vibration zones, it can easily cause fatigue damage to the equipment, or even trigger protection actions, threatening the safe and stable operation of the unit.

[0004] On the other hand, under low-load operating conditions or scenarios with slight changes in total active power command, if a complete global optimization allocation is still performed on all units participating in AGC, it will lead to too many units performing minor adjustments, increasing the number of actuator actions and mechanical and electrical stress; on the other hand, it will also cause the unit operating points to change slightly at a relatively dense frequency, which is not conducive to maintaining the long-term stability and economical operation of the units.

[0005] Current technologies lack a unified AGC active power allocation scheme that considers unit vibration zone avoidance, segmented handling of low-load conditions, and smoothness of local fine-tuning, making it difficult to achieve a good balance between total active power command tracking, unit safety, and operational stability. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution method and system to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution method and system, comprising the following steps: S1. Collect the active power output of each generator unit participating in automatic power generation control and the endpoints of the active power interval characterizing the vibration zone of each unit, and construct the vibration zone set and non-vibration operable set of each unit. S2. Calculate the sum of the current active power output of all participating units, and calculate the total active power deviation based on the total active power setpoint. Then, compare the total active power deviation with the preset low load threshold to determine the current regulation condition. S3. Under low-load regulation conditions, introduce a vibration zone distance function, based on the distance between each unit and the vibration zone and the minimum safety margin. Calculate the upward adjustable margin and downward adjustable margin Under the premise of satisfying preset constraints, the active power adjustment of each participating unit is optimized with the goal of minimizing the first-stage cost function, and the first-stage active power adjustment of each unit is obtained through optimization. ; S4. Based on the first-stage adjustment, the computer unit's first-stage target output... And calculate the residual deviation; when the residual deviation Less than or equal to the preset fine-tuning threshold At that time, select a set of fine-tuning units. The adjusted final output must not exceed the unit's minimum and maximum active power output limits; and under preset constraints, the second-stage fine-tuning amount is obtained by minimizing the second-stage cost function. ; S5. The results of the two-stage adjustments are combined to obtain the final active power output target value for each unit. And the final active power output target value of each unit The order is sent to the corresponding unit's regulating device for execution.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S1 and S2: Let the set of generator sets participating in AGC control be . For any unit ,definition: To contribute one's efforts to the present; Minimum active power output; To contribute the most effective effort; The permissible active power output range of unit i is: ; Considering the vibration zone of the unit, the unit is set exist Vibration zone segment, number The segment vibration zone is composed of intervals Description, in which ,satisfy:

[0009] in: , For the first Minimum and maximum active power output limits for the generator unit; For the first Total number of vibration zones for the unit; , For the first The left and right endpoints of the k-th vibration zone of the generator unit, i.e., the start and end active power output values ​​of the vibration zone; Record of generator set Non-vibrational operable sets Defined as: That is, the set of remaining intervals after removing all vibration zones; Record the total active power setting value as The sum of the current output of all participating AGC units for:

[0010] Total active power deviation is defined as:

[0011] To differentiate operating conditions, a low-load threshold is introduced. When | | When | |≥ At this time, it is determined to be a normal load regulation condition.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the specific formula for the vibration zone distance function in step S3 is as follows:

[0013] in, Defined as the current active power output of the unit Between each vibration zone The minimum distance between points, where the distance function from a point to an interval is... Satisfy: When Less than the left endpoint of the interval hour, equal minus ;when Located in the interval At that time, Equal to zero; when Greater than the right endpoint of the interval hour, equal minus ; Take the first The section closest to the other vibration zone among all the vibration zones of the unit; For point vibration zone up to segment k The distance; The preset constraints are: the active power output of each unit after adjustment should be within the allowable output range of the corresponding unit; the active power output of each unit after adjustment should belong to the non-vibrational operable set of the corresponding unit; the distance between the active power output of each unit after adjustment and the boundary of the nearest vibration zone should not be less than the preset minimum safety margin of the corresponding unit; the expression is: .

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the current output of unit i is... Its closest distance relative to all vibration zones Defined as:

[0015] when When the value is zero, it indicates that the unit's operating point is within a certain vibration zone; when When the value is greater than zero, it represents the distance between the unit's operating point and the boundary of the nearest vibration zone. Let the minimum safety margin of unit i be... The adjusted unit output is required to meet the following requirements:

[0016] At the same time, With sets Define the upward adjustability margin of unit i based on this. and downward adjustable margin When considering only the vibration zone and safety margin constraints, we have:

[0017]

[0018] in: , For the first The upward and downward adjustment margin of the unit; For the first The current active power output of the Taiwanese generator unit; The power increment to be adjusted is a non-negative real number used to search for the maximum feasible adjustment. , These represent the test points for output force after upward and downward adjustments, respectively; For the first The non-vibrational operable set of the unit is the area after removing the vibration zone from the output range; It is a function of the shortest distance between the point of force output and all vibration zones; For the first The minimum safety margin of the generator set requires that the output point and the vibration zone maintain at least this distance. , For the first Minimum and maximum active power output limits for the generator unit; The above definition also needs to meet the following conditions: or Boundary conditions.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in S3 and S4, the first-stage cost function includes: the total active power tracking deviation. The relevant quadratic terms, and the vibration distance of each unit The vibration risk term related to the reciprocal square of the value is related to the active power adjustment of each unit. The square-related adjustment smoothness term, and the penalty term used to characterize the number of units involved in the adjustment; The second-stage cost function includes at least the residual bias. The relevant quadratic terms and the vibration distance of each fine-tuning unit The vibration risk item related to the reciprocal square, and the fine-tuning amount of each fine-tuning unit. The square-related adjustment smoothing term; and the weight coefficients in the cost functions of the first and second stages can be adaptively adjusted according to the unit operating characteristics and grid dispatching requirements; The residual deviation is:

[0020] in: The residual active power deviation after the first phase of allocation is completed; The total active power setpoint issued by the dispatch center; This represents the total actual active power output of all units after the first phase of adjustments.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the preset constraints are: the adjusted final output force must fall within the non-vibrational operable area, i.e., it cannot fall into any vibration zone; the shortest distance between the adjusted final output force and all vibration zone intervals must not be less than a preset minimum safety margin, expressed as:

[0022]

[0023]

[0024] in: , For the first Minimum and maximum active power output limits for the generator unit; For the first The target output of the Taiwanese unit after the first phase of adjustments; For the first The amount of fine-tuning for the Taiwanese unit in the second phase; For the first The final output target value of the Taiwanese unit; For the first The non-vibrational operable set of the unit, that is, the area within the allowable output range after removing all vibration zones; This is a function representing the shortest distance between the unit's output point and all vibration zones; For the first The minimum safety margin preset by the generator set requires that the output point and the vibration zone maintain at least this distance.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, S4 specifically comprises: When the operating conditions meet the total active power deviation Low load threshold When entering low-load regulation mode, in the first stage, the active power adjustment of unit i is recorded as follows: The adjusted output is:

[0026] To ensure total active power balance, the adjustment amount needs to meet the following requirements:

[0027] Constructing the first-stage cost function :

[0028] in, For total active tracking weight, For unit i, vibration risk weight, To prevent tiny positive numbers with a denominator of zero, For the regulation smoothness weight of unit i, To determine the weighting of the penalty for the number of participating units, As an approximate indicator of unit participation, it satisfies:

[0029] Where δ is a small positive number; In the first stage of optimization, the decision variables are: The optimization objective is to minimize the following constraints: :

[0030]

[0031]

[0032] .

[0033] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the first stage allocation is completed, the first stage target output of unit i is obtained. At this point, the effort always contributes to:

[0034] The residual deviation is defined as:

[0035] When the absolute value of the residual deviation satisfies Then, the second stage of local fine-tuning begins.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the second stage, one or more units are selected to form a fine-tuning unit set. Further fine-tuning of the unit assembly Perform local optimization on the above: remember The second stage of fine-tuning is The ultimate goal is to achieve the following output:

[0037] right Not belonging to The units have ; To maintain total active power balance, the following must be satisfied:

[0038] Second-stage cost function Defined as:

[0039] in, The residual bias weight, For the second stage of vibration risk weighting, For the second stage smoothness weights; The second stage of optimization is carried out under the following constraints:

[0040]

[0041]

[0042] .

[0043] The present invention also provides a two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution system, which includes a data acquisition module, a vibration zone modeling and margin calculation module, a low load condition identification module, a first-stage active power distribution optimization module, a second-stage local fine-tuning module, and a given data transmission module. The data acquisition module is connected to the control device of each generator set through an industrial communication network. It is used to collect the current active power output, upper and lower limits of output, and data of the endpoints of the vibration zone of each generator set, and send the collected data to the vibration zone modeling and margin calculation module and the low load condition identification module. The vibration zone modeling and margin calculation module is connected to the first-stage active power allocation optimization module and the second-stage local fine-tuning module. It is used to construct the vibration zone set and the non-vibration operable set of each unit, and to calculate the vibration zone distance function and the upper and lower adjustment margins. The low-load condition identification module is connected to the first-stage active power allocation optimization module and is used to determine the current adjustment condition based on the total active power deviation and a preset threshold, and output the condition determination result. Under low-load regulation conditions, the first-stage active power allocation optimization module solves for the first-stage active power adjustment amount based on vibration zone constraints, margin constraints, and total active power balance constraints, and outputs the first-stage target output. The second-stage local fine-tuning module is connected to the first-stage active power allocation optimization module. It is used to select the set of units to be fine-tuned when there is residual deviation, and to perform local optimization on the residual deviation to obtain the second-stage fine-tuning amount. The given distribution module is connected to the second-stage local fine-tuning module and the control device of each generator set, and is used to distribute the final active power output target value of each generator set to the corresponding generator set for execution. Each module is connected through an industrial communication network and works together to execute the above steps to complete the two-stage adaptive allocation of active power from multiple units.

[0044] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention introduces vibration zone intervals and vibration distance functions through mathematics, explicitly incorporating the unit vibration risk into the AGC active power allocation optimization model. From a mathematical perspective, it constrains the unit operating point to stay away from the vibration zone, thereby improving the mechanical safety and stability of the unit operation.

[0045] 2. This invention introduces a low-load threshold to divide the normal and low-load regulation conditions. Under low-load conditions, a first-stage optimization model with a small number of units as the main components is adopted, which effectively reduces the number of units involved in regulation and the frequency of operation, reduces the mechanical and electrical stress of the actuators, and improves the economic efficiency of AGC operation.

[0046] 3. This invention constructs a two-stage hierarchical optimization cost function. The first stage comprehensively weighs total active power tracking, vibration risk, number of participating units, and regulation smoothness. The second stage focuses on fine optimization of a few fine-tuning units for residual deviations. This achieves adaptive trade-offs among multiple control objectives and improves the tracking accuracy of total active power setpoint while ensuring operational safety. At the same time, the optimized model parameters are clear in meaning and easy to configure, possessing good engineering applicability and promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0047] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a two-stage automatic power generation control active power allocation method according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a two-stage automatic generation control active power allocation method based on vibration zone avoidance and low-load segmentation optimization, including: 1. Basic Symbols and Set Definition Steps

[0050] Let the set of generator sets participating in AGC control be:

[0051] For any unit ,definition: To contribute one's efforts to the present; Minimum active power output; This represents the maximum active power output. The allowable active power output range for unit i is:

[0052] Considering the vibration zone of the unit, assume that unit i has Vibration zone segment, number The segment vibration zone is composed of intervals Description, in which ,satisfy:

[0053] Let i be the set of non-vibrational operable units. Defined as: That is, the set of remaining intervals after removing all vibration zones.

[0054] Record the total active power setting value as The sum of the current output of all participating AGC units for:

[0055] Total active power deviation is defined as:

[0056] To differentiate operating conditions, a low-load threshold is introduced. When | | When | |≥ At this time, it is determined to be a normal load regulation condition.

[0057] 2. Steps for defining the vibration zone distance function and safety margin

[0058] This invention introduces a vibration zone distance function to quantitatively describe the distance between the unit's output point and the vibration zone.

[0059] For any real number and interval Define the distance function for: when hour, ; when ≤ ≤ hour, ; when hour, .

[0060] Current output of unit i Its closest distance relative to all vibration zones Defined as:

[0061] when When the value is zero, it indicates that the unit's operating point is within a certain vibration zone; when When the value is greater than zero, it reflects the distance between the unit's operating point and the boundary of the nearest vibration zone.

[0062] To ensure a certain vibration safety margin, this invention sets a minimum safety margin for unit i. The adjusted unit output is required to meet the following requirements:

[0063] Meanwhile, the present invention is With sets Define the upward adjustability margin of unit i based on this. and downward adjustable margin .

[0064] When considering only the vibration zone and safety margin constraints, we have:

[0065]

[0066] In practical applications, the above definition must also satisfy the following conditions: or Boundary conditions.

[0067] 3. Active power distribution steps in the first stage under low load conditions

[0068] When the operating conditions are met | |< When this happens, it enters a low-load adjustment mode.

[0069] In this mode, the present invention does not use global allocation, but completes the main adjustment tasks among a few units through a first-stage optimization model.

[0070] In the first stage, the active power adjustment of unit i is denoted as . The adjusted output is:

[0071] To ensure total active power balance, the adjustment amount needs to meet the following requirements:

[0072] This invention constructs a first-stage cost function As shown below:

[0073] in, For total active tracking weight, For unit i, vibration risk weight, To prevent tiny positive numbers with a denominator of zero, For the regulation smoothness weight of unit i, To determine the weighting of the penalty for the number of participating units, As an approximate indicator of unit participation, it satisfies:

[0074] in It is a small positive number.

[0075] In the first stage of optimization, the decision variables are: The optimization objective is to minimize J_1 under the following constraints:

[0076]

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Through the above optimization, the first stage tends to select an allocation scheme with low vibration risk, sufficient margin and no need for too many units to participate, so that a small number of units can complete the main active power adjustment under low load conditions.

[0080] 4. Second stage local fine-tuning steps

[0081] After the first phase allocation is completed, the first phase target output of unit i is obtained. .

[0082] At this point, the effort and contribution are always:

[0083] The residual deviation is defined as:

[0084] When the absolute value of the residual deviation satisfies

[0085] Then, the second stage of local fine-tuning begins.

[0086] In the second stage, the present invention selects one or more units to form a fine-tuning unit set. Perform local optimization only on this set to eliminate .

[0087] remember The second stage of fine-tuning is as follows: The ultimate goal is to achieve the following output:

[0088] i does not belong The units have =0.

[0089] To maintain total active power balance, the following must be satisfied:

[0090] Second-stage cost function Defined as:

[0091] in, The residual bias weight, For the second stage of vibration risk weighting, This is the smoothness weight for the second stage.

[0092] The second stage of optimization is carried out under the following constraints:

[0093]

[0094]

[0095]

[0096] Through the second stage of local fine-tuning, this invention makes fine adjustments to a few units without destroying the overall unit load sharing structure formed in the first stage, thereby achieving high-precision tracking of the total active power setpoint while ensuring vibration safety and boundary constraints.

[0097] A power plant configuration The dispatch center issues the total active power setpoint for the generator set. .

[0098] The system collects the current active power output of each unit online. , minimum output , maximum output and the endpoints of the vibration zone provided by the manufacturer. And calculate the current total active power output. and total deviation .

[0099] When | | Less than the preset threshold When the system enters the low-load two-stage optimization mode of this invention, it sequentially executes the aforementioned first and second stage optimization steps, completes the active power allocation under the premise of satisfying vibration zone avoidance and boundary constraints, and then calculates the... The active power setpoint is sent to the corresponding unit controller.

[0100] Through actual operation, it can be observed that the residence time of the unit output near the vibration zone is significantly reduced, the number of participating units under low load conditions is significantly reduced, and the total active power tracking error is kept within the predetermined range, which verifies the effectiveness and engineering feasibility of the method of the present invention.

[0101] This embodiment also provides a two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution system for implementing the above method, including a data acquisition module, a vibration zone modeling and margin calculation module, a low load condition identification module, a first-stage active power distribution optimization module, a second-stage local fine-tuning module, and a given data transmission module. The data acquisition module is connected to the control device of each generator set through an industrial communication network. It is used to collect the current active power output, upper and lower limits of output, and data of the endpoints of the vibration zone of each generator set, and send the collected data to the vibration zone modeling and margin calculation module and the low load condition identification module. The vibration zone modeling and margin calculation module is connected to the first-stage active power allocation optimization module and the second-stage local fine-tuning module. It is used to construct the vibration zone set and the non-vibration operable set of each unit, and to calculate the vibration zone distance function and the upper and lower adjustment margins. The low-load condition identification module is connected to the first-stage active power allocation optimization module and is used to determine the current adjustment condition based on the total active power deviation and a preset threshold, and output the condition determination result.

[0102] Under low-load regulation conditions, the first-stage active power allocation optimization module solves for the first-stage active power adjustment amount based on vibration zone constraints, margin constraints, and total active power balance constraints, and outputs the first-stage target output. The second-stage local fine-tuning module is connected to the first-stage active power allocation optimization module. It is used to select the set of units to be fine-tuned when there is residual deviation, and to perform local optimization on the residual deviation to obtain the second-stage fine-tuning amount. The given distribution module is connected to the second-stage local fine-tuning module and the control device of each generator set, and is used to distribute the final active power output target value of each generator set to the corresponding generator set for execution. Each module forms a data closed loop through the industrial communication network, enabling the system to execute in a cyclical manner according to the process of data acquisition, working condition identification, two-stage optimization, control issuance, and feedback update.

[0103] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0104] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Collect the active power output of each generator unit participating in automatic power generation control and the endpoints of the active power interval characterizing the vibration zone of each unit, and construct the vibration zone set and non-vibration operable set of each unit. S2. Calculate the sum of the current active power output of all participating units, and calculate the total active power deviation based on the total active power setpoint. Then, compare the total active power deviation with the preset low load threshold to determine the current regulation condition. S3. Under low-load regulation conditions, introduce a vibration zone distance function, based on the distance between each unit and the vibration zone and the minimum safety margin. Calculate the upward adjustable margin and downward adjustable margin Under the premise of satisfying preset constraints, the active power adjustment of each participating unit is optimized with the goal of minimizing the first-stage cost function, and the first-stage active power adjustment of each unit is obtained through optimization. ; S4. Based on the first-stage adjustment, the computer unit's first-stage target output... And calculate the residual deviation; when the residual deviation Less than or equal to the preset fine-tuning threshold At that time, select a set of fine-tuning units. The adjusted final output must not exceed the unit's own minimum and maximum active power output limits; Under the preset constraints, the second-stage fine-tuning amount is obtained by minimizing the second-stage cost function. ; In S3 and S4, the first-stage cost function includes: the total active power tracking deviation. The relevant quadratic terms, and the vibration distance of each unit The vibration risk term related to the reciprocal square of the value is related to the active power adjustment of each unit. The square-related adjustment smoothness term, and the penalty term used to characterize the number of units involved in the adjustment; The second-stage cost function includes at least the residual bias. The relevant quadratic terms and the vibration distance of each fine-tuning unit The vibration risk item related to the reciprocal square, and the fine-tuning amount of each fine-tuning unit. The square-related adjustment smoothing term; and the weight coefficients in the cost functions of the first and second stages can be adaptively adjusted according to the unit operating characteristics and grid dispatching requirements; The residual deviation is: ； in: The residual active power deviation after the first phase of allocation is completed; The total active power setpoint issued by the dispatch center; This represents the total actual active power output of all units after the first phase of adjustments. S5. The results of the two-stage adjustments are combined to obtain the final active power output target value for each unit. And the final active power output target value of each unit The order is sent to the corresponding unit's regulating device for execution.

2. The two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1 and S2: Let the set of generator sets participating in AGC control be . For any unit ,definition: To contribute one's efforts to the present; Minimum active power output; To contribute the most effective effort; The permissible active power output range of unit i is: ; Considering the vibration zone of the unit, the unit is set exist Vibration zone segment, number The segment vibration zone is composed of intervals Description, in which ,satisfy: ； in: , For the first Minimum and maximum active power output limits for the generator unit; For the first Total number of vibration zones for the unit; , For the first The left and right endpoints of the k-th vibration zone of the generator unit, i.e., the start and end active power output values ​​of the vibration zone; Record of the unit Non-vibrational operable sets Defined as: That is, the set of remaining intervals after removing all vibration zones; Record the total active power setting value as The sum of the current output of all participating AGC units for: ； Total active power deviation is defined as: ； To differentiate operating conditions, a low-load threshold is introduced. When | | When | |≥ At this time, it is determined to be a normal load regulation condition.

3. The two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S3, the specific formula for the vibration zone distance function is as follows: ； in, Defined as the current active power output of the unit Between each vibration zone The minimum distance between points, where the distance function from a point to an interval is... Satisfy: When Less than the left endpoint of the interval hour, equal minus ;when Located in the interval At that time, Equal to zero; when Greater than the right endpoint of the interval hour, equal minus ; Take the first The section closest to the other vibration zone among all the vibration zones of the unit; For point vibration zone up to segment k The distance; The preset constraints are: the active power output of each unit after adjustment should be within the allowable output range of the corresponding unit; the active power output of each unit after adjustment should belong to the non-vibrational operable set of the corresponding unit; the distance between the active power output of each unit after adjustment and the boundary of the nearest vibration zone should not be less than the preset minimum safety margin of the corresponding unit; the expression is: 。 4. The two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Current output of unit i Its closest distance relative to all vibration zones Defined as: ； when When the value is zero, it indicates that the unit's operating point is within a certain vibration zone; when When the value is greater than zero, it represents the distance between the unit's operating point and the boundary of the nearest vibration zone. Let the minimum safety margin of unit i be... The adjusted unit output is required to meet the following requirements: ； At the same time, With sets Define the upward adjustability margin of unit i based on this. and downward adjustable margin When considering only the vibration zone and safety margin constraints, we have: ； ； in: , For the first The upward and downward adjustment margin of the unit; For the first The current active power output of the Taiwanese generator unit; The power increment to be adjusted is a non-negative real number used to search for the maximum feasible adjustment. , These represent the test points for output force after upward and downward adjustments, respectively; For the first The non-vibrational operable set of the unit is the area after removing the vibration zone from the output range; It is a function of the shortest distance between the point of force output and all vibration zones; For the first The minimum safety margin of the generator set requires that the output point and the vibration zone maintain at least this distance. , For the first Minimum and maximum active power output limits for the generator unit; The above definition also needs to meet the following conditions: or Boundary conditions.

5. The two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S4, the preset constraints are: the adjusted final output force must fall within the non-vibrational operable area, i.e., it cannot fall into any vibration zone; the shortest distance between the adjusted final output force and all vibration zone intervals must not be less than the preset minimum safety margin, expressed as: ； ； ； in: , For the first Minimum and maximum active power output limits for the generator unit; For the first The target output of the Taiwanese unit after the first phase of adjustments; For the first The amount of fine-tuning for the Taiwanese unit in the second phase; For the first The final output target value of the Taiwanese unit; For the first The non-vibrational operable set of the unit, that is, the area within the allowable output range after removing all vibration zones; This is a function representing the shortest distance between the unit's output point and all vibration zones; For the first The minimum safety margin preset by the generator set requires that the output point and the vibration zone maintain at least this distance.

6. The two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Specifically, S4 is: When the operating conditions meet the total active power deviation Low load threshold When entering low-load regulation mode, in the first stage, the active power adjustment of unit i is recorded as follows: The adjusted output is: ； To ensure total active power balance, the adjustment amount needs to meet the following requirements: ； Constructing the first-stage cost function : ； in, For total active tracking weight, For unit i, vibration risk weight, To prevent tiny positive numbers with a denominator of zero, As the adjustment smoothness weight for unit i, To determine the weighting of the penalty for the number of participating units, As an approximate indicator of unit participation, it satisfies: ； Where δ is a small positive number; In the first stage of optimization, the decision variables are The optimization objective is to minimize the following constraints. : ； ； ； 。 7. The two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the first phase allocation is completed, the first phase target output of unit i is obtained. At this point, the effort always contributes to: ； The residual deviation is defined as: ； When the absolute value of the residual deviation satisfies Then, the second stage of local fine-tuning begins.

8. The two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the second phase, one or more units are selected to form a fine-tuning unit set. Further fine-tuning of the unit assembly Perform local optimization on the above: remember The second stage of fine-tuning is The ultimate goal is to achieve the following output: ； right Not belonging to The units have ; To maintain total active power balance, the following must be satisfied: ； Second-stage cost function Defined as: ； in, The residual bias weight, For the second stage of vibration risk weighting, For the second stage smoothness weights; The second stage of optimization is carried out under the following constraints: ； ； ； 。 9. A two-stage automatic power generation control active power distribution system for implementing the method of any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It includes a data acquisition module, a vibration zone modeling and margin calculation module, a low load condition identification module, a first-stage active power distribution optimization module, a second-stage local fine-tuning module, and a given data transmission module; The data acquisition module is connected to the control device of each generator set through an industrial communication network. It is used to collect the current active power output, upper and lower limits of output, and data of the endpoints of the vibration zone of each generator set, and send the collected data to the vibration zone modeling and margin calculation module and the low load condition identification module. The vibration zone modeling and margin calculation module is connected to the first-stage active power allocation optimization module and the second-stage local fine-tuning module. It is used to construct the vibration zone set and the non-vibration operable set of each unit, and to calculate the vibration zone distance function and the upper and lower adjustment margins. The low-load condition identification module is connected to the first-stage active power allocation optimization module and is used to determine the current adjustment condition based on the total active power deviation and a preset threshold, and output the condition determination result. Under low-load regulation conditions, the first-stage active power allocation optimization module solves for the first-stage active power adjustment amount based on vibration zone constraints, margin constraints, and total active power balance constraints, and outputs the first-stage target output. The second-stage local fine-tuning module is connected to the first-stage active power allocation optimization module. It is used to select the set of units to be fine-tuned when there is residual deviation, and to perform local optimization on the residual deviation to obtain the second-stage fine-tuning amount. The given distribution module is connected to the second-stage local fine-tuning module and the control device of each generator set, and is used to distribute the final active power output target value of each generator set to the corresponding generator set for execution. Each module forms a data closed loop through the industrial communication network, enabling the system to execute in a cyclical manner according to the process of data acquisition, working condition identification, two-stage optimization, control issuance, and feedback update.

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