Zone-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described that provide efficient techniques for beam and cell measurements at a user equipment (UE). A UE can be configured with a set of non-circular zones, which can provide measurements at the UE that are relevant to a particular area in which the UE is located. Additionally or alternatively, a single beam can be associated with two or more zones based on different signal strength ranges of the beam. Further, additionally or alternatively, a neighbor cell list based on a zone can be applied to a UE in idle mode such that the UE in idle mode only measures neighbor cells of a current zone. The UE can be configured to provide a joint report with detectable cells, beams or frequencies, associated quality metrics, and corresponding UE locations in a single report.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The following text relates to wireless communications, including area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications. Background Technology

[0002] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, message sending and receiving, broadcasting, and so on. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication of communication devices, which may be referred to as User Equipment (UE). Summary of the Invention

[0003] The described techniques relate to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications. For example, in some aspects, the described techniques provide configurations for non-circular areas, which can provide measurements at the user equipment (UE) related to the specific area where the UE is located. In some aspects, additionally or alternatively, a single beam can be associated with two or more areas based on different signal strength ranges of the beam. In some other aspects, additionally or alternatively, an area-based neighboring cell list can be applied to a UE in idle mode, such that the UE in idle mode measures only neighboring cells of the current area. In some aspects, to facilitate the generation of a list of detectable cells, beams, frequencies, priorities, or any combination thereof for each area, the UE can be configured to provide a joint report containing, in a single report, the detectable cells, beams or frequencies, associated quality metrics, and the corresponding UE location; or the UE can be configured to provide a joint report containing the detected cells, beams, or frequencies for each area. In some cases, the report can be provided as a differential report containing only newly detected or removed cells, beams, or frequencies.

[0004] A method for wireless communication by a UE is described. The method may include: receiving from a network entity an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas; measuring one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas; and sending a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area.

[0005] A UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute the code so that the UE: receives from a network entity an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas; measures one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas; and transmits a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area.

[0006] Another UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include: components for receiving from a network entity an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas; components for measuring one or more cells or beams associated with a first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas; and components for transmitting a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area.

[0007] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to: receive from a network entity an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas; measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in the first area of ​​the one or more areas; and send a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area.

[0008] Some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: receiving priority information for each of the one or more areas, the priority information including the cell or beam priority of each of the one or more cells or beams to be measured, the frequency priority of one or more operating frequencies, or any combination thereof, and wherein the measurement of the one or more cells or beams may be performed according to the priority information, and wherein the selection, reselection, or handover of the one or more cells or beams may be prioritized according to the priority information. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report may be sent from the UE when the UE is in either connected mode or idle mode, the associated measurement may be performed at the UE, or both.

[0009] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, at least the first region may be a two-dimensional circular sector represented by the central direction of the first region, the angular range of the first region, the radius of the first region, and the position of the center of the first region. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the one or more regions include a plurality of two-dimensional rectangular regions, wherein each of the plurality of two-dimensional rectangular regions may be associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding region. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the one or more regions include at least one three-dimensional region defined by a set of three-dimensional coordinates, wherein the at least one three-dimensional region may be associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding three-dimensional region. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the one or more regions include at least a first joint space-time zone, which is defined as a first set of two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates at a first time or for a first time window.

[0010] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransient computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report includes indications of one or more detected cells, beams, or frequencies for at least the first region, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Media Utilization Load, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof.

[0011] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report may be a joint report of two or more detected cells, beams, or frequencies and corresponding quality metrics for a first location of the UE, wherein the first location is within a first zone. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report may be a joint report for two or more zones, including an indication of each reported zone and associated parameters for each detected cell, beam, or frequency for each reported zone. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report may be a differential report, including indications of one or more newly detected cells or beams, identifiers of one or more previously detected cells or beams that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0012] A method for wireless communication by a UE is described. The method may include: receiving an indication of a set of beams and two or more measurement metric ranges associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with a set of multiple zones, and the two or more measurement metric ranges identify a corresponding zone in the set of multiple zones; measuring at least a first beam in the set of beams to identify that the UE is located in a first zone associated with the first beam in the set of multiple zones; and transmitting a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam, the one or more measured parameters indicating that the UE is located in the first zone.

[0013] A UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute the code so that the UE: receives indications of a set of beams and two or more ranges of measurement metrics associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with a set of multiple zones, and the two or more ranges of measurement metrics identify a corresponding zone in the set of multiple zones; measures at least a first beam in the set of beams to identify that the UE is located in a first zone associated with the first beam in the set of multiple zones; and transmits a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam, the one or more measured parameters indicating that the UE is located in the first zone.

[0014] Another UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include: components for receiving indications of a set of beams and two or more measurement ranges associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with a set of multiple zones, and the two or more measurement ranges identify a corresponding zone within the set of multiple zones; components for measuring at least a first beam in the set of beams to identify that the UE is located in a first zone associated with the first beam within the set of multiple zones; and components for transmitting a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam, the one or more measured parameters indicating that the UE is located in the first zone.

[0015] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to: receive indications for a set of beams and two or more ranges of measurement metrics associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with a set of multiple zones, and the two or more ranges of measurement metrics identify a corresponding zone within the set of multiple zones; measure at least a first beam in the set of beams to identify that the UE is located in a first zone associated with the first beam within the set of multiple zones; and send a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam, the one or more measured parameters indicating that the UE is located in the first zone.

[0016] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, a first area in the group of multiple areas may be defined by a first beam or cell identifier and a first measurement metric range, and a second area in the group of multiple areas may be defined by the first beam or cell identifier and a second measurement metric range. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, each beam in the group of beams may be identified by a beam indication of a reference signal associated with arrival at the corresponding beam, and wherein the reference signal may be a channel state information reference signal, a positioning reference signal, a probe reference signal, a reference signal provided in a synchronization signal block (SSB), or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the one or more measured parameters include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, or any combination thereof.

[0017] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the first of the multiple zones in this group may be defined by the intersection of two or more single-beam zones. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the different beams in this group may be associated with two or more different transmit / receive points (TRPs) in the same or different cells.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report includes indications of one or more detected beams for at least the first region, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, media utilization load, CQI, rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report may be a differential report, which includes indications of one or more newly detected beams, identifications of one or more previously detected beams that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0019] A method for wireless communication by a UE is described. The method may include: receiving from a network entity indications of two or more zones and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each zone, the one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is located within the associated zone, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode; measuring the one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with the first zone in response to the UE being located in the first zone of the one or more zones; and sending a mobility message to the network entity based on one or more measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering mobility for the UE.

[0020] A UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute the code so that the UE: receives from a network entity indications for two or more areas and for each area one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode; measures the one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in the first area of ​​the one or more areas; and sends a mobility message to the network entity based on one or more measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering mobility of the UE.

[0021] Another UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include: components for receiving from a network entity indications of two or more zones and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each zone, the one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is located within the associated zone, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode; components for measuring the one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with the first zone in response to the UE being located in the first zone of the one or more zones; and components for sending a mobility message to the network entity based on one or more measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering mobility of the UE.

[0022] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to: receive from a network entity indications for two or more zones and for each zone one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is located within the associated zone, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode; measure the one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with the first zone in response to the UE being located in the first zone of the one or more zones; and send a mobility message to the network entity based on one or more measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering mobility for the UE.

[0023] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the indication for two or more zones may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: when the UE is in the idle mode, receiving a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of the two or more zones from the network entity via a broadcast message, wherein the UE measures only the neighboring cells or neighboring beams to determine cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE directly reselects or activates one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without performing measurements.

[0024] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each area is broadcast by all SSB beams associated with the network entity, or by a subgroup of SSB beams having coverage encompassing the first area. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams includes a priority associated with each cell or beam, and measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams are performed according to that priority. In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, when measurements of other cells or beams with higher priorities do not meet the threshold used to trigger mobility for the UE, measurements are performed on one or more cells or beams with lower priorities than the other cells or beams with higher priorities.

[0025] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, receiving the indication for two or more zones may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: when the UE is in the connection mode, receiving a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of the two or more zones from the network entity via a unicast message, wherein the UE only measures and reports neighboring cells or neighboring beams to determine cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE directly performs a handover to one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without measurement.

[0026] The methods described herein, UEs, and some examples of nontransitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: sending a measurement report that includes indications of one or more detected neighboring cells or beams for at least the first region, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, media utilization load, CQI, rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods described herein, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media, the measurement report may be a differential report that includes indications of one or more newly detected beams or cells, identifications of one or more previously detected beams or cells that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0027] A method for wireless communication by a network entity is described. The method may include: outputting to a UE an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas, wherein the UE will measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas; obtaining a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area; and determining the mobility initiating the UE based on the measurement report.

[0028] A network entity for wireless communication is described. The network entity may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute the code so that the network entity: outputs to a UE an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas, wherein the UE will measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas; obtains a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area; and determines the mobility initiating the UE based on the measurement report.

[0029] Another network entity for wireless communication is described. This network entity may include: components for outputting to a UE an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas, wherein the UE will measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas; components for obtaining a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area; and components for determining, based on the measurement report, the mobility initiating the UE.

[0030] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to: output to a UE an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas, wherein the UE will measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas; obtain a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area; and determine the mobility initiating the UE based on the measurement report.

[0031] Some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: outputting priority information for each of the one or more areas, the priority information including the cell or beam priority of each of the one or more cells or beams to be measured, the frequency priority of one or more operating frequencies, or any combination thereof, and wherein the measurement of the one or more cells or beams may be performed according to the priority information, and wherein the selection, reselection, or handover of the one or more cells or beams may be prioritized according to the priority information. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report may be provided by the UE when the UE is in either connected mode or idle mode, the associated measurement may be performed at the UE, or both.

[0032] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, at least the first region may be a two-dimensional circular sector represented by the central direction of the first region, the angular range of the first region, the radius of the first region, and the position of the center of the first region. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the one or more regions include a plurality of two-dimensional rectangular regions, wherein each of the plurality of two-dimensional rectangular regions may be associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding region. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the one or more regions include at least one three-dimensional region defined by a set of three-dimensional coordinates, wherein the at least one three-dimensional region may be associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding three-dimensional region. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein, the one or more regions include at least a first joint space-time zone, which is defined as a first set of two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates at a first time or for a first time window.

[0033] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report includes indications of one or more detected cells, beams, or frequencies for at least the first region, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, media utilization load, CQI, rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report may be a joint report of two or more detected cells, beams, or frequencies for a first location of the UE, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the first location is within the first region. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report may be a joint report for two or more regions, the joint report including indications for each reported region and associated parameters for each detected cell, beam, or frequency for each reported region. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report may be a differential report that includes indications of one or more newly detected cells or beams, identifications of one or more previously detected cells or beams that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0034] A method for wireless communication by a network entity is described. The method may include: outputting to a UE an indication of a set of beams and two or more ranges of measurement metrics associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with a set of multiple areas, and the two or more ranges of measurement metrics identify a corresponding area within the set of multiple areas, wherein the location of the UE in a first area associated with a first beam within the set of multiple areas is determined at least in part based on measurements of the first beam and corresponding measured metrics of the first beam; obtaining a measurement report provided by the UE, the measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam, the one or more measured parameters indicating that the UE is located in the first area; and determining the mobility initiating the UE based on the measurement report.

[0035] A network entity for wireless communication is described. The network entity may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute the code so that the network entity: outputs to a UE an indication of a set of beams and two or more ranges of measurement metrics associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with a set of multiple zones, and the two or more ranges of measurement metrics identify a corresponding zone within the set of multiple zones, wherein the UE's location within a first zone associated with a first beam in the set of multiple zones is determined at least in part based on measurements of the first beam and corresponding measured metrics of the first beam; obtains a measurement report provided by the UE, the measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam, the one or more measured parameters indicating that the UE is located within the first zone; and determines the mobility initiating the UE based on the measurement report.

[0036] Another network entity for wireless communication is described. This network entity may include: components for outputting to a UE an indication of a set of beams and two or more ranges of measurement metrics associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with a set of multiple areas, and the two or more ranges of measurement metrics identify a corresponding area within the set of multiple areas, wherein the UE's location within a first area associated with a first beam in the set of multiple areas is determined at least in part based on measurements of the first beam and corresponding measured metrics of the first beam; components for obtaining a measurement report provided by the UE, the measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam indicating that the UE is located within the first area; and components for determining, based on the measurement report, the mobility initiating the UE.

[0037] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to: output to a UE an indication of a set of beams and two or more ranges of measurement metrics associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with a set of multiple zones, and the two or more ranges of measurement metrics identify a corresponding zone within the set of multiple zones, wherein the UE's location within a first zone associated with a first beam in the set of multiple zones is determined at least in part based on measurements of the first beam and corresponding measured metrics of the first beam; obtain a measurement report provided by the UE indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam, the one or more measured parameters indicating that the UE is located within the first zone; and determine, based on the measurement report, the mobility initiating the UE.

[0038] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, a first area in the set of multiple areas may be defined by a first beam or cell identifier and a first measurement metric range, and a second area in the set of multiple areas may be defined by the first beam or cell identifier and a second measurement metric range. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, each beam in the set of beams may be identified by a beam indication of a reference signal associated with arrival at the corresponding beam, and wherein the reference signal may be a channel state information reference signal, a location reference signal, a probe reference signal, a reference signal provided in the SSB, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the one or more measured parameters include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, or any combination thereof.

[0039] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the first region of this group of multiple regions may be defined by the intersection of two or more single-beam regions. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, different beams in this group of beams may be associated with two or more different TRPs within the same cell or different cells.

[0040] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report includes indications of one or more detected beams for at least the first region, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, media utilization load, CQI, rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report may be a differential report, which includes indications of one or more newly detected beams, identifications of one or more previously detected beams that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0041] A method for wireless communication by a network entity is described. The method may include: outputting indications of two or more areas for measurement at a UE and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each area, the one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode; obtaining a mobility message from the UE, the mobility message being sent when one or more measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfy a threshold for triggering mobility of the UE; and determining, based on the mobility message, the mobility initiating the UE.

[0042] A network entity for wireless communication is described. The network entity may include one or more memories storing processor-executable code and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute the code so that the network entity: outputs indications for two or more areas to be measured at a UE and for each area one or more neighboring cells or beams, the one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle mode or connected mode; obtains a mobility message from the UE, the mobility message being sent when one or more measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfy a threshold for triggering mobility of the UE; and determines, based on the mobility message, the mobility initiating the UE.

[0043] Another network entity for wireless communication is described. This network entity may include: components for outputting indications of two or more areas for measurement at a UE and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each area, the one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode; components for obtaining a mobility message from the UE, the mobility message being sent when one or more measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfy a threshold for triggering mobility for the UE; and components for determining, based on the mobility message, the initiation of mobility for the UE.

[0044] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by one or more processors to: output indications for two or more areas for measurement at a UE and for one or more neighboring cells or beams in each area, the one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode; obtain a mobility message from the UE, the mobility message being sent when one or more measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfy a threshold for triggering mobility of the UE; and determine, based on the mobility message, the mobility initiating the UE.

[0045] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the output of the indication for two or more zones may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: when the UE is in the idle mode, outputting a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of the two or more zones via a broadcast message, wherein the UE will only measure the neighboring cells or neighboring beams to determine cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE will directly reselect or activate one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without performing measurements.

[0046] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each area may be broadcast by all SSB beams associated with the network entity, or it may be broadcast by a subgroup of SSB beams having coverage encompassing the first area. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams includes a priority associated with each cell or beam, and measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams may be performed according to that priority. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, when a measurement of another cell or beam with a higher priority does not meet the threshold used to trigger the mobility of the UE, a measurement is performed at the UE of one or more cells or beams with a lower priority than the other cell or beam with the higher priority.

[0047] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the output of the indication for two or more zones may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: when the UE is in the connection mode, outputting a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of the two or more zones via unicast messages, wherein the UE will only measure and report neighboring cells or neighboring beams for determining cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE will directly perform a handover to one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without measurement.

[0048] Some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for obtaining a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report including indications of one or more detected neighboring cells or beams for at least a first region and corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, media utilization load, CQI, rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof. In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the measurement report may be a differential report, which includes indications of one or more newly detected beams or cells, identifications of one or more previously detected beams or cells that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication is shown, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0050] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication is shown, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0051] Figure 3A and Figure 3B An example of a non-circular area is shown that supports area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0052] Figure 4 An example of a three-dimensional region supporting region-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0053] Figure 5 An example of a joint spacetime zone supporting zone-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0054] Figure 6A and Figure 6B Examples of beam-based area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, are shown.

[0055] Figure 7 An example of a process flow for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0056] Figure 8 and Figure 9A block diagram of an apparatus supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0057] Figure 10 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0058] Figure 11 A diagram is shown of a system including an apparatus supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0059] Figure 12 and Figure 13 A block diagram of an apparatus supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0060] Figure 14 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0061] Figure 15 A diagram is shown of a system including an apparatus supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0062] Figures 16 to 26 A flowchart illustrating a method for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0063] Wireless communication systems may include devices that support wireless communication using one or more radio access technologies, such as user equipment (UE) or network entities (e.g., evolved Node B (eNB), next-generation Node B, or gigabit Node B (any of which may be referred to as gNB), or some other base station or network entity). Examples of radio access technologies include 4G systems (such as LTE systems), 5G systems (which may be referred to as NR systems), 6G systems, or other systems and radio technologies including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0064] In some wireless communication systems (such as some 5G or 6G systems), to provide reliable mobility and handover, the UE may measure multiple neighboring cells, beams, or combinations thereof to identify one or more suitable cells or beams for potential mobility, handover, beam selection, etc. In cases where multiple cells can be measured, each with multiple beams, the UE may need to measure a relatively large number of beams, which can consume a relatively large amount of power and processing resources at the UE. In some deployments, information about observable candidate cells in an area can be provided to the UE, and the UE can measure only the candidate cells within its range, which can help reduce the amount of measurement at the UE. However, such candidate cells (e.g., candidate cells provided according to 3GPP Release 17 technology) may all have a circular area shape for determining whether the UE is within the cell, which may not be efficient for terrestrial networks where cells may be irregular and non-uniform. Furthermore, to determine which candidate cells are observable for the UE, UE positioning is required, which can increase the complexity of the positioning system at the UE or the additional measurements and reporting from the UE for network-assisted positioning determination. Additionally, existing technologies do not consider idle mode mobility, and the UE can still measure all neighboring cells in idle mode, which may increase power consumption. Therefore, an efficient technology for neighboring cell / beam measurement and reporting is desired.

[0065] Based on some aspects discussed herein, various techniques can be used to identify cells / beams to be measured at the UE in order to reduce the number of measurements performed by the UE and to provide more relevant measurements. In some aspects, the UE can be configured using non-circular area shapes (e.g., semi-circular areas, non-overlapping rectangular areas), which provides UE measurements more relevant to the actual area shape. Additionally or alternatively, a single beam can be associated with two or more areas based on the beam's signal strength (e.g., a first signal strength range of the first beam is associated with a first area, and a second signal strength of the first beam is associated with a second area), which reduces UE positioning complexity. Furthermore, in some aspects, a neighboring cell list based on the area can be applied to the UE in idle mode, so that the UE in idle mode only needs to measure neighboring cells of the current area. In some aspects, to facilitate the generation of a list of detectable cells, beams, frequencies, priorities, or any combination thereof for each area, the UE can be configured to provide a joint report containing detectable cells, beams and / or frequencies, associated quality metrics, and corresponding locations in a single report. In some aspects, the UE can be configured to provide a joint report with detected cells, beams, or frequencies for each area. In other aspects, the measurement report can provide a differential report with only newly detected or removed cells, beams, and / or frequencies. The network can also provide a list of candidate frequencies, cells, and beams, as well as measurement reference signals and resource configurations.

[0066] The aspects of this disclosure are first described in the context of wireless communication systems. The aspects of this disclosure are further illustrated and described with reference to area examples, process flows, apparatus diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication.

[0067] Figure 1 An example of a wireless communication system 100 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating under other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0068] Network entity 105 may be distributed across a geographical area to form wireless communication system 100, and may include devices employing different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, mobility element, radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, etc. In some examples, network entity 105 and UE 115 may wirelessly communicate via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., radio frequency (RF) access links). For example, network entity 105 may support coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographical coverage area) within which UE 115 and network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. Coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographical area within which network entity 105 and UE 115 may support the transmission of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0069] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the coverage area 110 of wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. UE 115 can be devices in different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UE 115s are illustrated herein. The UE 115 described herein can be able to support various types of devices (such as, e.g., ...). Figure 1 It communicates with other UEs (115 or network entity 105) as shown.

[0070] As described herein, nodes of the wireless communication system 100 (which may be referred to as network nodes or wireless nodes) may be network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), network controller, apparatus, device, computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be UE 115. Alternatively, a node may be network entity 105. Furthermore, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second or third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be UE 115, the second node may be network entity 105, and the third node may be UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be UE 115, the second node may be network entity 105, and the third node may be network entity 105. In other aspects of this example, the first node, the second node, and the third node may be different from these examples. Similarly, references to UE 115, network entity 105, device, equipment, computing system, etc., may include disclosures of UE 115, network entity 105, device, equipment, computing system, etc., as nodes. For example, a disclosure that UE 115 is configured to receive information from network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

[0071] In some examples, network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130, communicate with each other, or both. For example, network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocols). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130) via backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to X2, Xn, or other interface protocols). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with each other via midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., according to midhaul interface protocol) or fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., according to fronthaul interface protocol) or any combination thereof. The backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, or fronthaul communication link 168 may be one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, fiber optic links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc., or various combinations thereof, or may include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, fiber optic links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc., or various combinations thereof. UE 115 may communicate with the core network 130 via communication link 155.

[0072] One or more network entities in network entity 105 described herein may include or be referred to as base station 140 (e.g., transceiver base station, radio base station, NR base station, access point, radio transceiver, node B, eNodeB (eNB), next-generation node B or gigabit node B (any of which may be referred to as gNB), 5G NB, next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), home node B, home evolution node B, or other suitable terms). In some examples, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as base station 140).

[0073] In some examples, network entity 105 may be implemented in a decomposed architecture (e.g., a decomposed base station architecture, a decomposed RAN architecture) that can be configured to utilize protocol stacks physically or logically distributed across two or more network entities 105, such as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) network, an Open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a Virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a Cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, network entity 105 may include one or more of the following: a Central Unit (CU) 160, a Distributed Unit (DU) 165, a Radio Unit (RU) 170, a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a near-real-time RIC, a non-real-time RIC), a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. 170 may also be referred to as a radio headend, intelligent radio headend, remote radio headend (RRH), remote radio unit (RRU), or transmit / receive point (TRP). One or more components of network entity 105 in a decomposed RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of network entity 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities 105 in a decomposed RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0074] The functional splitting among CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170 is flexible and can support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170. For example, a protocol stack functional splitting can be used between CU 160 and DU 165, allowing CU 160 to support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and DU 165 to support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, CU 160 can host higher protocol layer (e.g., Layer 3 (L3), Layer 2 (L2)) functionalities and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). CU 160 can connect to one or more DU 165 or RU 170, and one or more DU 165 or RU 170 can host lower protocol layers, such as Layer 1 (L1) (e.g., Physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and each can be at least partially controlled by CU 160. Additionally or alternatively, a protocol stack functional split can be employed between DU 165 and RU 170, such that DU 165 can support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and RU 170 can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. DU 165 can support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RU 170). In some cases, functional decomposition between CU 160 and DU 165, or between DU 165 and RU 170, can be performed within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions of the protocol layer can be performed by one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer can be performed by different of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170). CU 160 can be further functionally decomposed into CU control plane (CU-CP) functions and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. CU 160 can be connected to one or more DU 165 via midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and DU 165 can be connected to one or more RU 170 via fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, the midhaul communication link 162 or the fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented based on the interfaces (e.g., channels) between the layers of the protocol stack, which are supported by the corresponding network entities 105 communicating via such communication links.

[0075] In a wireless communication system (e.g., wireless communication system 100), the infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access can support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB node 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as donor entities or IAB donors. One or more DU 165s or one or more RU 170s may be partially controlled by one or more CU 160s associated with donor network entity 105 (e.g., donor base station 140). One or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB node 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link 120). IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile terminal (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by a DU 165 of a coupled IAB donor. The IAB-MT may include a separate set of antennas for relaying communication with UE 115, or may share the same antennas (e.g., those of RU 170) for access to IAB node 104 via DU 165 of IAB node 104. (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, IAB node 104 may include a DU 165 that supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node 104, UE 115) within a relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream) of the access network. In such cases, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0076] In the context of applying the techniques described herein to a decomposed RAN architecture, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture can be configured to support area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications as described herein. For example, some operations described as being performed by UE 115 or network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may additionally or alternatively be performed by one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., IAB node 104, DU 165, CU 160, RU 170, RIC 175, SMO 180).

[0077] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or any other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a cell, station, terminal, or client, etc. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0078] The UE 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that sometimes act as relays, network entities 105, and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 As shown.

[0079] UE 115 and network entity 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of the RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) operating according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 may support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 may be configured to utilize multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) component carriers and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers. Communication between network entity 105 and other devices can refer to communication between these devices and any part of network entity 105 (e.g., entity, sub-entity). For example, the terms “send,” “receive,” or “communicate” when referring to network entity 105 can refer to any part of the RAN’s network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, CU 160, DU 165, RU 170) communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0080] In some examples, such as in carrier aggregation configurations, a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling to coordinate the operation of other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute RF Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be identified according to a channel grating used for discovery by UE 115. A carrier may operate in standalone mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection can be performed by UE 115 via that carrier, or the carrier may operate in non-standalone mode, in which case different carriers (e.g., the same or different radio access technologies) are used to anchor the connection.

[0081] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include downlink transmission (e.g., forward link transmission) from network entity 105 to UE 115, uplink transmission (e.g., return link transmission) from UE 115 to network entity 105, or both, as well as other transmission configurations. A carrier may carry downlink communication or uplink communication (e.g., in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communication (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0082] A carrier may be associated with a specific bandwidth of the RF spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as the carrier or the “system bandwidth” of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one bandwidth in a set of bandwidths for a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz). Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115, or both) may have hardware configurations that support communication using a specific carrier bandwidth, or may be configured to support communication using one of the carrier bandwidths in a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include network entity 105 or UE 115 that supports concurrent communication using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate using a portion (e.g., subband, BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0083] The signal waveform transmitted via a carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element may refer to a resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the decoding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that a relatively high number of resource elements (e.g., in the transmission duration) and a relatively high modulation scheme order correspond to a relatively high communication rate. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0084] It can support one or more sets of parameters for a carrier, and the set of parameters may include subcarrier spacing ( (and cyclic prefix). A carrier can be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different sets of parameters. In some examples, multiple BWPs can be used to configure UE 115. In some examples, a single BWP of a carrier can be active at a given time, and the communication of UE 115 can be constrained to one or more active BWPs.

[0085] The time interval for network entity 105 or UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, such as the sampling period. seconds, of which It can represent the supported subcarrier spacing, and This can represent the supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval of the communication resources can be organized according to radio frames, each with a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0086] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may (e.g., in the time domain) be divided into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix appended to each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple micro-time slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., The duration of a symbol period is associated with a (number) sampling period. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0087] A subframe, time slot, micro-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0088] Depending on the technology, carriers can be used to multiplex physical channels for communication. One or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used, for example, to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels for signaling via a downlink carrier. The control region (e.g., control resource set (CORESET)) of the physical control channel can be defined by a set of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth of the carrier or a subset of that bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESET) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs in UE 115 can monitor or search for control regions to obtain control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a concatenated manner. The aggregation level of control channel candidates can refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include: a common search space set configured to transmit control information to multiple UEs 115, and a UE-specific search space set used to transmit control information to a specific UE 115.

[0089] Network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used (e.g., using a carrier) to communicate with network entity 105 and may be associated with an identifier used to distinguish adjacent cells (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID), or other identifier). In some examples, a cell may also refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) in which a logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors such as the capabilities of network entity 105, the range of such cells may be from smaller areas (e.g., structures, subsets of structures) to larger areas. For example, a cell may be a building, a subset of buildings, or external space between or overlapping coverage areas 110, etc., or may include buildings, subsets of buildings, or external space between or overlapping coverage areas, etc.

[0090] Macro cells typically cover a relatively large geographic area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and allow unrestricted access to UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider supporting the macro cell. In contrast, small cells may be associated with a lower-power network entity 105 (e.g., a lower-power base station 140) and may operate using the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells may provide unrestricted access to UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider, or restricted access to UE 115 associated with a small cell (e.g., UE 115 in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), or UE 115 associated with a user in a home or office). Network entity 105 may support one or more cells and may also use one or more component carriers to support communication via one or more cells.

[0091] In some examples, a carrier can support multiple cells and can be configured with different cells based on different protocol types that can provide access for different types of devices (e.g., MTC, Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)).

[0092] In some examples, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) may be mobile, and thus provide communication coverage to mobile coverage areas 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage for various coverage areas 110.

[0093] Wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable or low-latency or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communication may include private or group communication and may be supported by one or more services, such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general business applications. The terms “ultra-reliable,” “low-latency,” and “ultra-reliable low-latency” are used interchangeably herein.

[0094] In some examples, UE 115 may be configured to support direct communication with other UE 115s via device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., according to peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocols). In some examples, one or more UE 115s performing D2D communication in a group may be within the coverage area 110 of network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communication configured (e.g., scheduled by network entity 105). In some examples, one or more UE 115s in such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of network entity 105, or may otherwise be unable or not configured to receive transmissions from network entity 105. In some examples, the group of UE 115s communicating via D2D communication may support a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UE 115s in the group. In some examples, network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources used for D2D communication. In other examples, D2D communication may be performed between UEs 115 without involving network entity 105.

[0095] Core network 130 provides user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 may be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), access and mobility management function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or user plane function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to external networks. The control plane entity manages non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be delivered through the user plane entity, which provides IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may connect to one or more network operator IP services 150. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0096] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. Generally, the area from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band or decimeter band because the wavelength range is approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features (which may be referred to as clusters), but these waves are sufficient to penetrate structures so that macrocells can provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to communication using smaller frequencies and longer wavelengths in the lower frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, communication using UHF waves can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0097] Wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 may use unlicensed bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band) to employ Licensed Assisted Access (LAA), LTE Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology. When operating with unlicensed RF spectrum, devices such as network entity 105 and UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation using unlicensed bands may be combined with component carriers operating with licensed bands based on carrier aggregation configurations (e.g., LAA). Operation using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmission, uplink transmission, P2P transmission, or D2D transmission, etc.

[0098] Network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which can support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. Network entity 105 may include an antenna array having a collection of multiple rows and columns of antenna ports that network entity 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0099] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115) to shape or guide an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along a specific orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements may include applying amplitude shifts, phase shifts, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of these antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a specific orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device or relative to some other orientation).

[0100] Network entity 105 or UE 115 may use beam scanning technology as part of beamforming operations. For example, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted multiple times by network entity 105 along different directions. For example, network entity 105 may transmit signals according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different transmission directions. Transmission along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as network entity 105) or by a receiving device (such as UE 115)) the beam direction for later transmission or reception by network entity 105.

[0101] Some signals (such as data signals associated with a specific receiving device) may be transmitted by a transmitting device (e.g., transmitting network entity 105, transmitting UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., the direction associated with the receiving device (such as receiving network entity 105 or receiving UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on the signals transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by network entity 105 along different directions and may report to network entity 105 an indication of signals received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0102] In some examples, transmissions performed by a device (e.g., network entity 105 or UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital pre-decoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from network entity 105 to UE 115). UE 115 may report feedback indicating pre-decoding weights for one or more beam directions, and this feedback may correspond to a set of beams configured across the system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands. Network entity 105 may transmit reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)) that may or may not be pre-decoded. UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a pre-decoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., multi-panel codebook, linear combination codebook, port selection codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) along one or more directions, UE 115 may use similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times along different directions (e.g., to identify the beam direction used by UE 115 for subsequent transmission or reception), or to transmit signals along a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0103] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may perform reception operations according to multiple reception configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from a transmitting device (e.g., network entity 105). For example, the receiving device may perform reception according to multiple reception directions by: receiving via different antenna subarrays; processing the received signal according to different antenna subarrays; receiving according to different sets of reception beamforming weights (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array; or processing the received signal according to different sets of reception beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array. Any of these operations may be referred to as “listening” according to different reception configurations or reception directions. In some examples, the receiving device may use a single reception configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when a data signal is received). A single receiver configuration can be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receiver configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or other acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0104] In some aspects, to reduce the number of measurements performed by UE 115 and to provide more relevant measurements, various techniques can be used to identify the cells / beams to be measured at UE 115. In some aspects, network entity 105 may configure UE 115 using non-circular area shapes (e.g., semi-circular areas, non-overlapping rectangular areas, three-dimensional areas, joint space-time zones), which provides UE measurements more relevant to the actual area shape. Additionally or alternatively, a single beam may be associated with two or more areas based on the beam's signal strength (e.g., a first signal strength range of the first beam is associated with a first area, and a second signal strength of the first beam is associated with a second area), which reduces the location complexity of UE 115. Furthermore, in some aspects, a neighboring cell list based on the area may be applied to UE 115 in idle mode, so that UE 115 in idle mode only needs to measure neighboring cells of the current area. In some aspects, to facilitate the generation of a list of detectable cells, beams, frequencies, priorities, or any combination thereof for each region, UE 115 can be configured to provide a joint report containing detectable cells, beams, and / or frequencies, associated quality metrics, and corresponding locations in a single report. In some aspects, UE 115 can be configured to provide a joint report with detected cells, beams, and / or frequencies for each region. In some aspects, measurement reports can be provided as differential reports containing only newly detected or removed cells, beams, and / or frequencies. In some aspects, network entity 105 can also provide UE 115 with a list of candidate frequencies, cells, and beams, as well as measurement reference signals and resource configurations.

[0105] Figure 2 An example of a wireless communication system 200 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. The wireless communication system 200 may implement, or be implemented by, aspects of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 may include a first network entity 105-a capable of providing communication in a first coverage area 110-a, and a second network entity 105-b capable of providing communication in a second coverage area 110-b.

[0106] exist Figure 2 In the example, UE 115-a can use the first beam of the first cell to communicate with the first network entity 105-a via access link 205 (e.g., a Uu link). The second network entity 105-b can use one or more adjacent beams to provide one or more adjacent cells. Network entity 105 and UE 115-a can be as shown in the reference. Figure 1The described example is of network entity 105 (e.g., RU 170, DU 165, CU 160, base station 140, or some combination thereof) and UE 115. In this example, the first network entity 105-a may provide configuration information to UE 115-a, which includes area information 215 indicating one or more areas, beams, frequencies, or combinations thereof for measurement by UE 115-a. UE 115-a may measure one or more cells, beams, frequencies, or combinations thereof based on the location and configuration information of UE 115-a. For example, UE 115-a may measure a downlink 210 reference signal 220 associated with a second beam of a second cell provided by a second network entity 105-b. In this example, UE 115-a may format the measurement into a measurement report 225, which is sent to the first network entity 105-a.

[0107] Based on the various aspects discussed herein, UE 115-a can perform area-based measurements for mobility and handover. For example, UE 115-a may be located near the cell edge of a first cell provided by first network entity 105-a, at a distance d1230 from first network entity 105-a. UE 115-a may also be located even closer, at a distance d2235 from second network entity 105-b, where d2 is less than d1. In such cases, it may be advantageous for UE 115-a to perform handover and establish communication via a second cell served by second network entity 105-b. In some cases, first network entity 105-a may make the handover determination based on measurement report 255 provided by UE 115-a.

[0108] In some aspects, efficient area configuration can enhance area-based mobility measurement and handover. In some aspects, the area shape can be used to configure UE 115-a, and reference signals 220 from different network entities 105 can be monitored based on the specific area where UE 115-a is located. Such techniques allow for more location-based, more relevant measurements from UE 115-a. For example, non-circular areas may include circular sector shapes for terrestrial sectorized cell areas, or non-overlapping rectangular shapes for irregular cell coverage, which can be represented by a set of non-overlapping rectangular areas. In some aspects, additionally or alternatively, the area may be defined by a set of beams and a corresponding range of measurement metrics for each beam, eliminating the need for UE 115-a or network entity 105 to determine location based on associated complexity, power consumption, and / or measurement and reporting overhead. For example, a zone can be a beam coverage area in which a wide synchronization block (SSB) beam or a narrow channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) beam is detectable, wherein the corresponding measured reference signal received power (RSRP) or signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) is within a range (e.g., from X to Y). In some cases, a zone can be an intersecting area of ​​two or more beam coverage areas of different beams, which may originate from different TRPs having the same or different physical cell IDs (PCIs). In some other aspects, additionally or alternatively, zone-based measurements may be performed at UE 115-a for idle mode mobility so that UE 115-a does not have to measure cells / beams outside of UE 115-a's zone, which reduces the number of measurements performed at UE 115-a. For example, when in idle mode, a district-based list of neighboring cells can be broadcast to UE 115-a, and UE 115-a only needs to measure the corresponding neighboring cells associated with the current district in which UE 115-a is located.

[0109] In some aspects, a first network entity 105-a, a second network entity 105-b, or both may broadcast a list of neighboring cells / beams for each area. Based on this list, an idle or inactive UE 115-a in a specific area will only measure the corresponding neighboring cells / beams for cell reselection or activation decisions. In some cases, UE 115-a may directly reselect or activate one cell / beam without measurement (e.g., based on previous measurements). In some cases, the list of neighboring cells / beams for each area may be broadcast by all SSB beams or by a subgroup of SSB beams covering such areas. In some aspects, a priority for each cell / beam may be provided in the broadcast list of neighboring cells / beams, such that UE 115-a may first measure cells / beams with higher priority and decide whether to reselect or activate them, and UE 115-a may only measure other cells if higher priority cells / beams are not eligible for reselection or activation (e.g., due to RSRP or SINR being below a threshold). In some cases, for connected mode UE115-a mobility, the first network entity 105-a may unicast a list of neighboring cells / beams for each area. Based on this list of neighboring cells / beams, when UE 115-a is in a specific area, it will only measure and report the corresponding neighboring cells / beams for handover decisions, or directly perform handover to one of the cells / beams without measurement.

[0110] In some respects, to facilitate the generation of a list of detectable cells, beams, frequencies, and corresponding priorities for each area, UE 115-a, together with other UE 115, can report the detected cells, beams, frequencies, and their quality metrics for each location or area. These quality metrics include RSRP, SINR, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), medium utilization load, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof. For example, such reporting can be provided using Layer 3 (L3) mobility reporting and location reporting. In some existing deployments, UEs can be configured to report detected cells and beams, and also report their location in the context of location or non-terrestrial network communications. However, such reporting uses separate reporting configurations, and the corresponding reported results may not be well synchronized in time. In some respects, to provide synchronized information related to detected cells / beams and locations, a joint report of detected cells / beams / frequency for each location can be sent. Such joint reporting reduces overhead and maintains result synchronization, and can include indications of detectable cells, beams, and frequencies, along with their quality metrics and corresponding locations, in a single report. In some aspects, the location in the joint report can be identified based on two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) physical location coordinates (e.g., latitude / longitude / altitude coordinates, locations in geodetic reference systems such as WGS84 or NAD83) or based on a set of quality metrics measured from one or more sources (e.g., one or more beams, cells, TRPs, or any combination thereof). In some cases, joint reporting can be scheduled by network entity 105 as periodic or semi-persistent reporting, or as non-periodic reporting provided upon request or a certain triggering condition. For example, a joint report can be triggered if the UE location changes sufficiently (e.g., the distance between the current location and the last reported location exceeds a threshold, or at least one of the measured metrics has a change greater than a threshold, such as ΔRSRP > X dBm). In other examples, a joint report can be triggered if the list of detectable cells, beams, and / or frequencies has changed. In another respect, additionally or alternatively, joint reports may be sent autonomously by the UE (e.g., based on the specific implementation of the UE).

[0111] In other respects, joint reports of detected cells, beams, and / or frequencies can be provided per zone rather than per location. In some cases, candidate zones can be specified or provided using zone definitions as discussed herein (e.g., via RRC signaling, MAC control elements, etc.). Such joint reports can be scheduled by the network or triggered by an event (e.g., a zone change at the UE). For example, if a zone changes, a joint report can be triggered, and the UE can begin detecting cells, beams, and / or frequencies after entering a first zone and report the detected cells, beams, and / or frequencies for the first zone after entering a second zone. As another example, a joint report can be triggered if the list of detectable cells / beams / frequencyes has changed. Additionally or alternatively, such joint reports can be sent autonomously by the UE.

[0112] In some respects, measurement reports can provide differential reporting, which can help reduce overhead. In such respects, instead of a complete list, the UE can only report newly detected cells / beams / frequencys and cells / beams / frequencys that are no longer detected relative to previous reports. In some respects, if the list has not changed, the UE can simply report a no-change indicator. In some respects, the UE can be provided with information and resources for cell / beam / frequency detection, where this information can be location- or area-dependent or location- or area-independent. Such information may include, for example, a list of candidate frequencies (e.g., each candidate frequency may be the same as or different from the frequency of any serving cell, and the frequency of a candidate or serving cell may be the center frequency of a measured reference signal (e.g., SSB or CSI-RS), a list of candidate cells for each candidate frequency (e.g., candidate cells may be identified by a candidate cell ID or PCI), a list of candidate beams for each candidate cell (e.g., candidate beams may be identified by a corresponding reference signal ID (such as SSBID or CSI-RS ID)), measurement reference signals or resources and reporting configurations, measurement gap configurations (e.g., at least for each candidate frequency that is different from the frequency of any serving cell), or any combination thereof.

[0113] Figure 3A and Figure 3B Examples of non-circular areas 300 and 350 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications according to one or more aspects of this disclosure are shown. Non-circular areas 300 and 350 can be implemented by aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, a UE and a network entity can implement area-based measurements and reporting based on non-circular areas 300 and 350.

[0114] As discussed herein, existing technologies provide circular area shapes, in which UEs located within such areas can provide reports of associated cells. Non-circular areas can be configured, depending on various aspects, such as... Figure 3A , Figure 3B , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As illustrated in the example. In some aspects, the shape of a non-circular location area can be configured using associated measurable cells / beams for each area. When the UE is in such an area, the UE can measure and optionally report the corresponding cell / beam in idle or connected mode, or trigger the selection, reselection, or handover of at least one cell / beam in the corresponding cell / beam (whose ID list may be provided by the network). In some cases, the network can also provide area-specific priorities for different cells, beams, and frequencies across the area, based on which the UE will prioritize measurements and / or (re)selection / handover for cells, beams, and frequencies with higher priority.

[0115] In the first example, Figure 3A An example is shown: a 2D circular sector 300 used for sectorized coverage. Figure 3A In the example, such a region 300 may be defined by a center 305, an angular range 310, a central direction 315, and a radius 320. In some cases, a region may correspond to a cell or beam, and the region definition may correspond to the coverage area of ​​the cell or beam.

[0116] In the second example, Figure 3B An example of a 2D rectangular area 350 is shown, which can be used for irregular cell or beam coverage. In such examples, each area may correspond to multiple cells or beams. Figure 3B In the example, an area is divided into nine squares containing cell 1, cell 2, and cell 3. In this example, cell 1 can be measured in areas 355, 360, 370, 375, and 390. Cell 2 can be measured in areas 365, 375, 380, and 395. Cell 3 can be measured in areas 370, 375, 385, 390, and 395. Therefore, irregular coverage of different cells can be accommodated by providing multiple such areas 350, where the size of each area can be based on the coverage area of ​​different cells or beams.

[0117] Figure 4 An example of a 3D area 400 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. The 3D area 400 may be implemented by aspects of wireless communication systems 100 or 200. For example, a UE and a network entity may implement area-based measurement and reporting based on the 3D area 400.

[0118] exist Figure 4In the example, the first network entity 105-c may use a first beam 405 and a second beam 410 to provide a first cell, wherein the coverage area of ​​the first cell includes a first 3D area 415. The second network entity 105-d may use a third beam 420 and a fourth beam 425 to provide a second cell, wherein the coverage area of ​​the second cell includes a second 3D area 430. A first UE 115-c (e.g., a drone or aircraft) may be located in the first 3D area 415, and a second UE 115-d (e.g., a drone or aircraft) may be located in the second 3D area 430. In some aspects, each 3D area 415 and 430 may be defined by a set of 3D coordinates, or represented by any 3D coordinate system (e.g., polar coordinates, Cartesian coordinates, or cylindrical coordinates). For example, each 3D area 415 and 430 may be a cuboid in 3-D Cartesian coordinates. In other examples, the 3D areas may have different shapes, such as spheres, cones, etc. In some cases, the first UE 115-c in the first 3D area 415 can measure signals via the first beam 405 and the second beam 410 of the first cell, and the second UE 115-d in the second 3D area 430 can measure signals via the third beam 420 and the fourth beam 425 of the second cell. Based on the area-specific list of detectable cells, beams, and frequencies, and the corresponding measurement, reselection, activation, and handover priorities, UE 115 can prioritize the measurement, reselection, activation, and handover of detectable cells, beams, and frequencies with higher priority in the 3D area where UE 115 is located.

[0119] Figure 5 An example of a joint space-time zone 500 supporting zone-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. The joint space-time zone 500 may be implemented by aspects of wireless communication systems 100 or 200. For example, a UE and a network entity may implement zone-based measurements and reporting based on the joint space-time zone 500.

[0120] In this example, the UE can communicate using non-terrestrial network (NTN) communication, where network entity 105 can be associated with different satellites or other high-altitude objects. In such systems, network entity 105 can move relatively quickly across different ground locations. For example, during a first time window [t1, t2], first network entity 105-e and second network entity 105-f can provide communication in area A 505, and third network entity 105-g can provide communication in area B 510. During a subsequent second time window [t3, t4], second network entity 105-f can provide communication in area A 505, and third network entity 105-g and fourth network entity 105-h can provide communication in area B 510. In this example, each area can be defined as a set of 2D or 3D spatial coordinates at a given time or for a given time window. Therefore, the first joint space-time zone can be associated with region A 505 during the first time window [t1, t2], and the second joint space-time zone can be associated with region A 505 during the second time window [t3, t4]. Similarly, the third joint space-time zone can be associated with region B 510 during the first time window [t1, t2], and the fourth joint space-time zone can be associated with region B 510 during the second time window [t3, t4]. Therefore, the detectable cell / beam / frequency correspondence list and corresponding measurements, reselection / activation / handover priorities can change at different times or during different time windows. Figure 4 In the example, network entity 105 can be a low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite, where each satellite or its beam can be a cell. During the first time window [t1, t2], both cell A and cell B are detectable in area A 505, with cell A having a higher priority due to higher RSRP or lower load. However, during the second time window [t3, t4], only cell B, with the highest priority, is detectable in area A 505. Similar cell / beam and priority variations can be applied to area B 510.

[0121] Figure 6A and Figure 6B Examples of beam-based zones 600 and 650 supporting zone-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, are shown. Beam-based zones 600 and 650 can be implemented by aspects of wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, UEs and network entities can implement zone-based measurements and reporting based on beam-based zones 600 and 650.

[0122] exist Figure 6AIn the example, a single beam may have two distinct zones, including a first zone 605 and a second zone 610, where the different zones are associated with different measurements. For example, the beam may be identified by a corresponding beam indication reference signal RS (e.g., SSB, CSI-RS, positioning reference signal (PRS), sounding reference signal (SRS)), and the beam metric may be RSRP, SINR, or RSRQ measured by L1 or L3. Figure 6A In the example, two zones can be defined under the coverage of a specific SSB beam (e.g., SSB 1), where the first zone 605 refers to the location where the measured SSB RSRP is between -60dBm and -70dBm, and the second zone 610 refers to the location where the measured SSB RSRP is between -70dBm and -80dBm.

[0123] exist Figure 6B In the example, area 665 is defined by the intersection of multiple beams, including a first beam 655 and a second beam 660 from the first network entity 105-i and the second network entity 105-j, respectively. The multiple beams can originate from different TRPs within the same cell (such as different SSB IDs for different beams) or from different TRPs in different cells (such as different PCIs for different beams). This technique allows for reduced reliance on UE positioning, as the location within an area can be identified based on detected beams, beam measurements, or combinations thereof. This reduced reliance on UE positioning can help reduce UE power consumption, UE complexity, signaling and measurements used to obtain network-assisted location information, or any combination thereof.

[0124] Figure 7 An example of a process flow 700 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Process flow 700 may include network entities 105-k and UE 115-f, which may be as described in reference... Figure 1 Refer to the example of network entity 105 and UE 115 depicted in Figure 6. In some cases, process flow 700 may be implemented by network entity 105-k and UE 115-f, where the capability indication from UE 115-f provides indication of support for area-based measurements and mobility. Such techniques can provide power savings associated with neighboring cell or beam measurements at UE 115-f, while also reducing measurement reporting overhead, thereby enhancing overall network efficiency and user experience. In the following description of process flow 700, the operations between network entity 105-k and UE 115-f may be performed in a different order than in the example shown. Some operations may be omitted from process flow 700, and other operations may be added to process flow 700.

[0125] At 705, network entity 105-k can transmit and UE 115-f can receive area and beam information. Area and beam information provides identification of multiple areas (e.g., 2D areas, 3D areas, and / or joint space-time zones) as discussed herein, along with associated area characteristics (e.g., the location of each area, the beam associated with each area, the beam metric associated with each area, the time window associated with each area, etc.). In some cases, area and beam information can be provided via RRC signaling, one or more MAC control elements, or other control information. In some cases, area and beam information can be transmitted in broadcast signaling, unicast signaling, multicast signaling, or any combination thereof.

[0126] At 710, UE 115-f can identify the area and beam to be measured. For example, UE 115-f can determine its location by using its positioning module (e.g., a GPS module or other Global Navigation System Satellite (GNSS) system), using network-assisted positioning (e.g., based on measurements of signals received from one or more network entities), using beam-based positioning (e.g., based on measured beam metrics, etc.), or any combination thereof. UE 115-f can identify the area where it is located based on the determined location, and can identify the cell / beam to be measured based on the identified area and the area and beam information.

[0127] At 715, UE 115-f can measure one or more cells or beams based on the identified area and beam to be measured. In some respects, UE 115-f can measure one or more channel metrics, such as RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, CQI, etc. At 720, UE 115-f can send, and network entity 105-k can receive, a measurement report including one or more measured channel metrics.

[0128] Optionally, at 725, network entity 105-k can send and UE 115-f can receive a mobility message. The mobility message can instruct UE 115-f to initiate cell handover, beam handover, or handover. Optionally, at 730, UE 115-f can initiate mobility. In some cases, UE 115-f can initiate mobility based on a mobility message from network entity 105-k. In other cases, UE 115-f can proactively initiate mobility according to mobility parameters configured at UE 115-f.

[0129] Figure 8A block diagram 800 of a device 805 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 805 may be an example of various aspects of UE 115 as described herein. Device 805 may include a receiver 810, a transmitter 815, and a communication manager 820. Device 805, or one or more components of device 805 (e.g., receiver 810, transmitter 815, and communication manager 820), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to individually or jointly support or implement the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0130] Receiver 810 may provide components for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications). The information may be passed to other components of device 805. Receiver 810 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0131] Transmitter 815 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 805. For example, transmitter 815 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications). In some examples, transmitter 815 may be co-located with receiver 810 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 815 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0132] The communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components used to perform various aspects of area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications as described herein. For example, the communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may be able to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0133] In some examples, the communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of the following: a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), central processing unit (CPU), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic component, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, configured as or otherwise individually or collectively to support components for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled to said at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., instructions stored in at least one memory are executed individually or collectively by one or more processors).

[0134] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code executed by at least one processor (e.g., as communication management software or firmware). If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functionality of the communication manager 820, receiver 810, transmitter 815, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by any combination of a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, microcontroller, or these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise individually or collectively to support components for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0135] In some examples, the communication manager 820 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 810, transmitter 815, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 820 may receive information from the receiver 810, transmit information to the transmitter 815, or be integrated with the receiver 810, transmitter 815, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0136] The communication manager 820 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 820 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications from network entities of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, including non-circular areas. The communication manager 820 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for measuring one or more cells or beams associated with a first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas. The communication manager 820 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of one or more cells or beams associated with the first area.

[0137] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 820 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications of a set of beams and two or more measurement metric ranges associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with multiple zones, and the two or more measurement metric ranges identify corresponding zones among the multiple zones. The communication manager 820 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for measuring at least a first beam in the set of beams to identify that the UE is located in a first zone associated with the first beam among multiple zones. The communication manager 820 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam, which indicate that the UE is located in the first zone.

[0138] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 820 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 820 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications from a network entity of two or more areas and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each area, which one or more neighboring cells or beams are to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode. The communication manager 820 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for measuring one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with a first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. The communication manager 820 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a mobility message to a network entity, at least in part, based on one or more measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering UE mobility.

[0139] By including or configuring a communication manager 820 according to an example as described herein, device 805 (e.g., controlling receiver 810, transmitter 815, communication manager 820 or a combination thereof or at least one processor otherwise coupled to them) can support techniques for area-based beam or cell measurements that reduce the number of measurements performed and reported by the UE, thereby reducing power consumption and overhead and providing more efficient use of communication resources.

[0140] Figure 9 A block diagram 900 of a device 905 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 905 may be an example of aspects of device 805 or UE 115 as described herein. Device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communication manager 920. Device 905, or one or more components of device 905 (e.g., receiver 910, transmitter 915, and communication manager 920), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to support the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0141] Receiver 910 may provide components for receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications). The information may be passed to other components of device 905. Receiver 910 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of antennas.

[0142] Transmitter 915 may provide components for transmitting signals generated by other components of device 905. For example, transmitter 915 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications). In some examples, transmitter 915 may be co-located with receiver 910 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 915 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0143] Device 905 or its various components may be examples of parts used to perform various aspects of area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications as described herein. For example, communication manager 920 may include area identification manager 925, measurement manager 930, measurement report manager 935, mobility manager 940, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 920 may be examples of aspects of communication manager 820 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 920 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with receiver 910, transmitter 915, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, communication manager 920 may receive information from receiver 910, transmit information to transmitter 915, or be integrated in combination with receiver 910, transmitter 915, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0144] Communication Manager 920 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. Area Identification Manager 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications from network entities of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, including non-circular areas. Measurement Manager 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for measuring one or more cells or beams associated with a first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. Measurement Report Manager 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting measurement reports indicating one or more measured parameters of one or more cells or beams associated with the first area.

[0145] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 920 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. The area identification manager 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications of a set of beams and two or more measurement metric ranges associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with multiple areas, and the two or more measurement metric ranges identify a corresponding area among the multiple areas. The measurement manager 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for measuring at least a first beam in the set of beams to identify that the UE is located in a first area associated with the first beam among the multiple areas. The measurement report manager 935 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam, which indicate that the UE is located in the first area.

[0146] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 920 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. The area identification manager 925 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications from network entities of two or more areas and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each area, which one or more neighboring cells or beams are to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode. The measurement manager 930 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for measuring one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with a first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. The mobility manager 940 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a mobility message to a network entity, at least in part, based on one or more measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering UE mobility.

[0147] Figure 10 A block diagram 1000 of a communication manager 1020 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. The communication manager 1020 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 820, communication manager 920, or both as described herein. The communication manager 1020 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1020 may include an area identification manager 1025, a measurement manager 1030, a measurement report manager 1035, a mobility manager 1040, a priority manager 1045, a beam identification manager 1050, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or its components or sub-components (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0148] Communication Manager 1020 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. Area Identification Manager 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications from network entities of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, including non-circular areas. Measurement Manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for measuring one or more cells or beams associated with a first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. Measurement Report Manager 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending measurement reports indicating one or more measured parameters of one or more cells or beams associated with the first area.

[0149] In some examples, the priority manager 1045 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving priority information for each of one or more areas, the priority information including the cell or beam priority of each of the one or more cells or beams to be measured, the frequency priority of one or more operating frequencies, or any combination thereof, and wherein measurements of the one or more cells or beams are performed according to the priority information, and wherein selection, reselection, or handover of the one or more cells or beams is prioritized according to the priority information. In some examples, a measurement report is sent from the UE when the UE is in either connected mode or idle mode, associated measurements are performed at the UE, or both. In some examples, at least the first area is a two-dimensional circular sector area represented by the center direction of the first area, the angular range of the first area, the radius of the first area, and the position of the center of the first area. In some examples, the one or more areas comprise a plurality of two-dimensional rectangular areas, and wherein each of the plurality of two-dimensional rectangular areas is associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding area.

[0150] In some examples, one or more areas include at least one three-dimensional area defined by a set of three-dimensional coordinates, wherein the at least one three-dimensional area is associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding three-dimensional area. In some examples, one or more areas include at least a first joint space-time zone, which is defined as a first set of two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates at a first time or for a first time window.

[0151] In some examples, the measurement report includes indications of one or more detected cells, beams, or frequencies for at least a first region, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, media utilization load, CQI, rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof.

[0152] In some examples, the measurement report is a joint report of two or more detected cells, beams, or frequencies and corresponding quality metrics for a first location of the UE, wherein the first location is within a first zone. In some examples, the measurement report is a joint report for two or more zones, which includes an indication of each reported zone and associated parameters for each detected cell, beam, or frequency for each reported zone. In some examples, the measurement report is a differential report, which includes an indication of one or more newly detected cells or beams, an identifier of one or more previously detected cells or beams that are no longer detected, a no-change indicator from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0153] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, the area identification manager 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications of a set of beams and two or more measurement metric ranges associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with multiple areas, and the two or more measurement metric ranges identify a corresponding area among the multiple areas. In some examples, the measurement manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for measuring at least a first beam in the set of beams to identify that the UE is located in a first area associated with the first beam among multiple areas. In some examples, the measurement report manager 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam that indicate that the UE is located in a first area.

[0154] In some examples, a first zone among multiple zones is defined by a first beam or cell identifier and a first measurement metric range, and a second zone among multiple zones is defined by a first beam or cell identifier and a second measurement metric range. In some examples, each beam in this set of beams is identified by a beam indication of a reference signal associated with arrival at the corresponding beam, and wherein the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal, a positioning reference signal, a probe reference signal, a reference signal provided in a synchronization signal block (SSB), or any combination thereof.

[0155] In some examples, one or more measured parameters include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the first of a plurality of zones is defined by the intersection of two or more single-beam zones. In some examples, different beams in this set of beams may be associated with two or more different TRPs of the same cell or different cells.

[0156] In some examples, the measurement report includes indications of one or more detected beams for at least a first region, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, media utilization load, CQI, rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the measurement report is a differential report, which includes indications of one or more newly detected beams, identifications of one or more previously detected beams that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0157] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, the area identification manager 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications from a network entity of two or more areas and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each area, which one or more neighboring cells or beams are to be measured when the UE is located in the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle mode or connected mode. In some examples, the measurement manager 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for measuring one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with a first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. The mobility manager 1040 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a mobility message to a network entity, at least in part, based on one or more measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering UE mobility.

[0158] In some examples, to support receiving indications for two or more zones, the beam identifier manager 1050 is capable, configured, or operable to support components that, when the UE is in idle mode, receive a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of two or more zones from a network entity via a broadcast message, wherein the UE measures only the neighboring cells or neighboring beams to determine cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE directly reselects or activates one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without taking measurements.

[0159] In some examples, the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each region is broadcast by all SSB beams associated with the network entity, or by a subgroup of SSB beams having coverage of the first region. In some examples, the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams includes a priority associated with each cell or beam, and measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams are performed according to that priority. In some examples, when measurements of other cells or beams with higher priorities do not meet the threshold for triggering UE mobility, measurements are performed on one or more cells or beams with lower priorities than the other cells or beams with higher priorities.

[0160] In some examples, to support receiving indications for two or more areas, the beam identifier manager 1050 is capable, configured, or operable to support components that, when the UE is in connected mode, receive a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of two or more areas from a network entity via unicast messages, wherein the UE only measures and reports neighboring cells or neighboring beams to determine cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE directly performs a handover to one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without measurement.

[0161] In some examples, the measurement report manager 1035 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting measurement reports that include indications of one or more detected neighboring cells or beams for at least a first region, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Medium Utilization Load, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the measurement report is a differential report that includes indications of one or more newly detected beams or cells, identifications of one or more previously detected beams or cells that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0162] Figure 11 A diagram of a system 1100 including device 1105 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Device 1105 may be an example of device 805, device 905, or UE 115 as described herein, or may include components thereof. Device 1105 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof (e.g., wirelessly). Device 1105 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 1120, an input / output (I / O) controller 1110, a transceiver 1115, an antenna 1125, at least one memory 1130, code 1135, and at least one processor 1140. These components may communicate electronically or be coupled in other ways (e.g., operational ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1145).

[0163] I / O controller 1110 manages the input and output signals of device 1105. I / O controller 1110 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 1105. In some cases, I / O controller 1110 may represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 1110 may utilize an operating system such as iOS. ® ANDROID ® MS-DOS ® MS-WINDOWS ® OS / 2 ® UNIX ® LINUX ® Or another known operating system. Additionally or alternatively, the I / O controller 1110 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 1110 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as at least one processor 1140. In some cases, a user may interact with device 1105 via the I / O controller 1110 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 1110.

[0164] In some cases, device 1105 may include a single antenna 1125. However, in other cases, device 1105 may have more than one antenna 1125, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 1115 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 1125 as described herein, or via a wired or wireless link. For example, transceiver 1115 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 1115 may also include a modem for: modulating packets; providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 1125 for transmission; and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 1125. Transceiver 1115, or transceiver 1115 and one or more antennas 1125, may be an example of transmitter 815, transmitter 915, receiver 810, receiver 910, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0165] At least one memory 1130 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). At least one memory 1130 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1135, including instructions that, when executed by at least one processor 1140, cause device 1105 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1135 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1135 may not be directly executable by at least one processor 1140, but may enable a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, among other things, at least one memory 1130 may also include a basic I / O system (BIOS) that controls basic hardware or software operations, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices.

[0166] At least one processor 1140 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, at least one processor 1140 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into at least one processor 1140. At least one processor 1140 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., at least one memory 1130) to cause device 1105 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications). For example, device 1105 or components of device 1105 may include at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 coupled to or coupled to at least one processor 1140, at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 configured to perform the various functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor 1140 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1130 may include multiple memories. One or more of a plurality of processors may be coupled to one or more of a plurality of memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor 1140 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a machine (such as a series of machines), circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include at least one processor 1140) and memory circuitry (which may include at least one memory 1130)) or component that receives or receives input and processes the input to produce, generate or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, at least one processor 1140 or a processing system including at least one processor 1140 may be configured, capable of being configured, or operable to cause device 1105 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Furthermore, as described herein, “configured to,” “capable of being configured,” and “operable to” are used interchangeably and may be associated with the ability to perform one or more of the functions described herein when executing code stored in at least one memory 1130 or otherwise.

[0167] The communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications from network entities of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, including non-circular areas. The communication manager 1120 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for measuring one or more cells or beams associated with a first area in response to a UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. The communication manager 1120 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of one or more cells or beams associated with the first area.

[0168] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications of a set of beams and two or more measurement metric ranges associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with multiple zones, and the two or more measurement metric ranges identify corresponding zones among the multiple zones. The communication manager 1120 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for measuring at least a first beam in the set of beams to identify that the UE is located in a first zone associated with the first beam among the multiple zones. The communication manager 1120 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for transmitting a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam, which indicate that the UE is located in the first zone.

[0169] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1120 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for receiving indications from a network entity of two or more areas and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each area, which one or more neighboring cells or beams are to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode. The communication manager 1120 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for measuring one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with a first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. The communication manager 1120 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for sending a mobility message to a network entity, at least in part, based on one or more measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering UE mobility.

[0170] By including or configuring a communication manager 1120 according to an example as described herein, device 1105 can support techniques for area-based beam or cell measurements that reduce the number of measurements performed and reported by the UE, thereby reducing power consumption and overhead and providing more efficient use of communication resources.

[0171] In some examples, the communication manager 1120 may be configured to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting) using a transceiver 1115, one or more antennas 1125, or any combination thereof, or otherwise cooperating with them. Although the communication manager 1120 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1120 may be supported by or executed by at least one processor 1140, at least one memory 1130, code 1135, or any combination thereof. For example, code 1135 may include instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 1140 to cause the device 1105 to perform various aspects of area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications as described herein, or at least one processor 1140 and at least one memory 1130 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations individually or jointly.

[0172] Figure 12 A block diagram 1200 of a device 1205 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 1205 may be an example of aspects of network entity 105 as described herein. Device 1205 may include a receiver 1210, a transmitter 1215, and a communication manager 1220. Device 1205, or one or more components of device 1205 (e.g., receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, and communication manager 1220), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to individually or jointly support or implement the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0173] Receiver 1210 may provide components for acquiring (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information (such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units)) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). The information may be passed to other components of device 1205. In some examples, receiver 1210 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, receiver 1210 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0174] Transmitter 1215 may provide components for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, transmitting) information generated by other components of device 1205. For example, transmitter 1215 may output information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). In some examples, transmitter 1215 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, transmitter 1215 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 1215 and receiver 1210 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled to a modem.

[0175] The communication manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components used to perform various aspects of area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may be able to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0176] In some examples, the communication manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of a processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic unit, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, configured as or otherwise individually or collectively to support components for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled to said at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., instructions stored in at least one memory are executed individually or collectively by one or more processors).

[0177] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communication management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor. If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functionality of the communication manager 1220, receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by any combination of a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, microcontroller, or these or other programmable logic devices (e.g., configured as or otherwise individually or collectively to support components for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0178] In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 1220 may receive information from the receiver 1210, transmit information to the transmitter 1215, or be integrated with the receiver 1210, the transmitter 1215, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0179] The communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting to the UE an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, including non-circular areas, wherein the UE will measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in the first area of ​​the one or more areas. The communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area. The communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining the mobility of the initiating UE based at least in part on the measurement report.

[0180] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting to the UE an indication of a set of beams and two or more ranges of measurement metrics associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with multiple zones, and the two or more ranges of measurement metrics identify a corresponding zone among the multiple zones, wherein the UE's location in a first zone associated with a first beam among the multiple zones is determined at least in part based on measurements of the first beam and corresponding measured metrics of the first beam. The communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining a measurement report provided by the UE, the measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam indicating that the UE is located in a first zone. The communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining, at least in part based on the measurement report, the mobility initiating the UE.

[0181] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting indications of two or more areas for measurement at the UE, and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each area, which are to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode. The communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining mobility messages from the UE, which are sent when one or more measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfy a threshold for triggering UE mobility. The communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining, at least in part, the initiating UE mobility based on mobility messages.

[0182] By including or configuring a communication manager 1220 according to an example as described herein, device 1205 (e.g., controlling receiver 1210, transmitter 1215, communication manager 1220, or a combination thereof, or at least one processor otherwise coupled to them) can support techniques for area-based beam or cell measurements that reduce the number of measurements performed and reported by the UE, thereby reducing power consumption and overhead and providing more efficient use of communication resources.

[0183] Figure 13A block diagram 1300 of a device 1305 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Device 1305 may be an example of aspects of device 1205 or network entity 105 as described herein. Device 1305 may include a receiver 1310, a transmitter 1315, and a communication manager 1320. Device 1305, or one or more components of device 1305 (e.g., receiver 1310, transmitter 1315, and communication manager 1320), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to support the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0184] Receiver 1310 may provide components for acquiring (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information (such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units)) associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack). The information may be passed to other components of device 1305. In some examples, receiver 1310 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, receiver 1310 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0185] Transmitter 1315 may provide components for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, transmitting) information generated by other components of device 1305. For example, transmitter 1315 may output information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). In some examples, transmitter 1315 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, transmitter 1315 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 1315 and receiver 1310 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled to a modem.

[0186] Device 1305 or its various components may be examples of parts used to perform various aspects of area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications as described herein. For example, communication manager 1320 may include area identification manager 1325, measurement report manager 1330, mobility manager 1335, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 1320 may be examples of aspects of communication manager 1220 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 1320 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with receiver 1310, transmitter 1315, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, communication manager 1320 may receive information from receiver 1310, transmit information to transmitter 1315, or be integrated in combination with receiver 1310, transmitter 1315, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0187] Communication Manager 1320 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. Area Identification Manager 1325 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting to the UE an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, including non-circular areas, wherein the UE will measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in the first area of ​​the one or more areas. Measurement Report Manager 1330 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of one or more cells or beams associated with the first area. Mobility Manager 1335 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining the mobility of the initiating UE based at least in part on the measurement report.

[0188] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1320 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. The area identification manager 1325 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting to the UE an indication of a set of beams and two or more ranges of measurement metrics associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with multiple areas, and the two or more ranges of measurement metrics identify a corresponding area among the multiple areas, wherein the UE's location in a first area associated with a first beam among the multiple areas is determined at least in part based on measurements of the first beam and corresponding measured metrics of the first beam. The measurement report manager 1330 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining a measurement report provided by the UE, the measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam indicating that the UE is located in a first area. The mobility manager 1335 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining the mobility of the initiating UE based at least in part on the measurement report.

[0189] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1320 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. The area identification manager 1325 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting indications of two or more areas for measurement at the UE, and one or more adjacent cells or beams for each area, which are to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode. The mobility manager 1335 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining mobility messages from the UE, which are sent when one or more measurements of one or more adjacent cells or beams satisfy a threshold for triggering UE mobility. The mobility manager 1335 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining, at least in part, the initiating UE mobility based on mobility messages.

[0190] Figure 14A block diagram 1400 of a communication manager 1420 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. The communication manager 1420 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 1220, communication manager 1320, or both as described herein. The communication manager 1420 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1420 may include an area identification manager 1425, a measurement report manager 1430, a mobility manager 1435, a priority manager 1440, a beam manager 1445, or any combination thereof. These components, or each of their components or sub-components (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses), and such communication may include communication within the protocol layers of the protocol stack, communication associated with logical channels of the protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of the protocol stack, within devices, components, or virtualization components associated with network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualization components associated with network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0191] Communication Manager 1420 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. Area Identification Manager 1425 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting to the UE an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, including non-circular areas, wherein the UE will measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in the first area of ​​the one or more areas. Measurement Report Manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of one or more cells or beams associated with the first area. Mobility Manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining the mobility of the initiating UE based at least in part on the measurement report.

[0192] In some examples, the priority manager 1440 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting priority information for each of one or more areas, the priority information including the cell or beam priority of each of one or more cells or beams to be measured, the frequency priority of one or more operating frequencies, or any combination thereof, and wherein measurements of one or more cells or beams are performed based on the priority information, and wherein selection, reselection, or handover of one or more cells or beams is prioritized based on the priority information.

[0193] In some examples, when the UE is in either connected or idle mode, the UE provides a measurement report, performs associated measurements at the UE, or both. In some examples, at least the first region is a two-dimensional circular sector defined by the center direction of the first region, the angular range of the first region, the radius of the first region, and the position of the center of the first region. In some examples, one or more regions comprise multiple two-dimensional rectangular regions, and each of the multiple two-dimensional rectangular regions is associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding region.

[0194] In some examples, one or more areas include at least one three-dimensional area defined by a set of three-dimensional coordinates, wherein the at least one three-dimensional area is associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding three-dimensional area. In some examples, one or more areas include at least a first joint space-time zone, which is defined as a first set of two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates at a first time or for a first time window.

[0195] In some examples, the measurement report includes indications of one or more detected cells, beams, or frequencies for at least a first region, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, media utilization load, CQI, rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the measurement report is a joint report of two or more detected cells, beams, or frequencies for a first location of the UE, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the first location is within a first region. In some examples, the measurement report is a joint report for two or more regions, including indications for each reported region and associated parameters for each detected cell, beam, or frequency for each reported region. In some examples, the measurement report is a differential report, which includes indications of one or more newly detected cells or beams, identifiers of one or more previously detected cells or beams that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0196] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1420 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, the area identification manager 1425 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting to the UE an indication of a set of beams and two or more ranges of measurement metrics associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with multiple areas, and the two or more ranges of measurement metrics identify a corresponding area among the multiple areas, wherein the UE's location in a first area associated with a first beam among the multiple areas is determined at least in part based on measurements of the first beam and corresponding measured metrics of the first beam. In some examples, the measurement report manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining a measurement report provided by the UE indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam indicating that the UE is located in a first area. In some examples, the mobility manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining the mobility of the initiating UE based at least in part on the measurement report.

[0197] In some examples, a first zone among multiple zones is defined by a first beam or cell identifier and a first measurement metric range, and a second zone among multiple zones is defined by a first beam or cell identifier and a second measurement metric range. In some examples, each beam in the set of beams is identified by a beam indication of a reference signal associated with arrival at the corresponding beam, and wherein the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal, a location reference signal, a probe reference signal, a reference signal provided in the SSB, or any combination thereof. In some examples, one or more measured parameters include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, or any combination thereof.

[0198] In some examples, the first zone among multiple zones is defined by the intersection of two or more single-beam zones. In some examples, different beams in this group of beams may be associated with two or more different TRPs in the same cell or different cells. In some examples, the measurement report includes indications of one or more detected beams for at least the first zone, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, medium utilization load, CQI, rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the measurement report is a differential report that includes indications of one or more newly detected beams, identifications of one or more previously detected beams that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0199] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1420 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. In some examples, the area identification manager 1425 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting indications of two or more areas for measurement at the UE, and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each area, which are to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode. In some examples, the mobility manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining mobility messages from the UE, which are sent when one or more measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfy a threshold for triggering UE mobility. In some examples, the mobility manager 1435 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining, at least in part, the initiating UE mobility based on mobility messages.

[0200] In some examples, to support the output of indications for two or more zones, beam manager 1445 is capable, configured, or operable to support components that, when the UE is in idle mode, output a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of the two or more zones via a broadcast message, wherein the UE will only measure the neighboring cells or neighboring beams to determine cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE will directly reselect or activate one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without taking measurements.

[0201] In some examples, the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each region is broadcast by all SSB beams associated with the network entity, or by a subgroup of SSB beams having coverage of the first region. In some examples, the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams includes a priority associated with each cell or beam, and measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams are performed according to that priority. In some examples, when measurements of other cells or beams with higher priorities do not meet a threshold for triggering UE mobility, measurements are performed at the UE of one or more cells or beams with lower priorities than the other cells or beams with higher priorities.

[0202] In some examples, to support the output of indications for two or more areas, beam manager 1445 is capable, configured, or operable to support components for: when the UE is in connected mode, outputting a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of two or more areas via unicast messages, wherein the UE will only measure and report neighboring cells or neighboring beams for determining cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE will directly perform a handover to one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without measurement.

[0203] In some examples, the measurement report manager 1430 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining measurement reports from the UE, which include indications of one or more detected neighboring cells or beams for at least a first region, along with corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: RSRP, SINR, RSRQ, media utilization load, CQI, rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof. In some examples, the measurement report is a differential report, which includes indications of one or more newly detected beams or cells, identifiers of one or more previously detected beams or cells that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0204] Figure 15 A diagram of a system 1500 including device 1505 supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Device 1505 may be an example of device 1205, device 1305, or network entity 105 as described herein, or may include components thereof. Device 1505 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof, and such communication may include communication via one or more wired interfaces, one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. Device 1505 may include components that support output and enable communication, such as a communication manager 1520, a transceiver 1510, an antenna 1515, at least one memory 1525, code 1530, and at least one processor 1535. These components may communicate electronically or otherwise (e.g., operative ground, communicative ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1540).

[0205] Transceiver 1510 may support bidirectional communication via a wired link, a wireless link, or both, as described herein. In some examples, transceiver 1510 may include a wired transceiver and be capable of bidirectional communication with another wired transceiver. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, transceiver 1510 may include a wireless transceiver and be capable of bidirectional communication with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, device 1505 may include one or more antennas 1515 that may be capable of (e.g., concurrently) transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions. Transceiver 1510 may also include a modem for: modulating a signal; providing the modulated signal for transmission (e.g., via one or more antennas 1515, via a wired transmitter); receiving the modulated signal (e.g., from one or more antennas 1515, from a wired receiver); and demodulating the signal. In some embodiments, transceiver 1510 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1515 configured to support various receive or acquire operations, or one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1515 configured to support various transmit or output operations, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, transceiver 1510 may include one or more processors or one or more memory components or be configured to couple to said one or more processors or one or more memory components, said one or more processors or one or more memory components being operable to perform or support operations at least in part based on received or acquired information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other output, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, transceiver 1510, or transceiver 1510 and one or more antennas 1515, or transceiver 1510 and one or more antennas 1515 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., at least one processor 1535, at least one memory 1525, or both) may be included in a chip or chip assembly mounted in device 1505. In some examples, transceiver 1510 may be able to operate to support communication via one or more communication links (e.g., communication link 125, backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, fronthaul communication link 168).

[0206] At least one memory 1525 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. At least one memory 1525 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1530 including instructions that, when executed by one or more of the at least one processor 1535, cause the device 1505 to perform the various functions described herein. The code 1530 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, the code 1530 may not be directly executable by one of the at least one processor 1535, but may enable a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, among other things, at least one memory 1525 may also include a BIOS that controls basic hardware or software operation, such as interaction with peripheral components or devices. In some examples, at least one processor 1535 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1525 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled to one or more of the multiple memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein (e.g., as part of a processing system).

[0207] At least one processor 1535 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, CPUs, FPGAs, microcontrollers, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, at least one processor 1535 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into one or more processors in at least one processor 1535. At least one processor 1535 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., one or more memories in at least one memory 1525) to cause device 1505 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communications). For example, device 1505 or components of device 1505 may include at least one processor 1535 and at least one memory 1525 coupled to one or more processors in at least one processor 1535, at least one processor 1535 and at least one memory 1525 configured to perform the various functions described herein. At least one processor 1535 may be an example of a cloud computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as an operating system, virtual machine, or container instance) that can (e.g., by executing code 1530) host functions for performing the functions of device 1505. At least one processor 1535 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in device 1505 (such as within one or more memories of at least one memory 1525). In some examples, at least one processor 1535 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1525 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled to one or more of the multiple memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor 1535 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system of machines (such as a series of machines), circuits (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include at least one processor 1535) and memory circuitry (which may include at least one memory 1525)) or components that receive or receive input and process the input to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. For example, at least one processor 1535 or a processing system including at least one processor 1535 may be configured, can be configured, or can operate to cause the device 1505 to perform one or more of the functions described herein.Furthermore, as described herein, “configured to,” “capable of being configured to,” and “capable of operating to” are used interchangeably and may be associated with the ability to perform one or more of the functions described herein when executing code stored in at least one memory 1525 or otherwise.

[0208] In some examples, bus 1540 may support communication at the protocol layer of the protocol stack (e.g., within a protocol layer). In some examples, bus 1540 may support communication associated with logical channels of the protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of the protocol stack), which may include communication performed within components of device 1505, or communication performed between different components of device 1505 that are co-addressable or may be located in different locations (e.g., where device 1505 may refer to a system in which communication manager 1520, transceiver 1510, at least one memory 1525, code 1530, and at least one processor 1535 may be located in one of the different components or partitioned between the different components).

[0209] In some examples, the communication manager 1520 can manage (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links) various aspects of communication with the core network 130. For example, the communication manager 1520 can manage the delivery of data communications by client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communication manager 1520 can manage communication with other network entities 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for cooperating with other network entities 105 to control communication with UE 115. In some examples, the communication manager 1520 may support an X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.

[0210] The communication manager 1520 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting to the UE an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, including non-circular areas, wherein the UE will measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas. The communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of one or more cells or beams associated with the first area. The communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining the mobility of the initiating UE based at least in part on the measurement report.

[0211] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1520 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting to the UE an indication of a set of beams and two or more ranges of measurement metrics associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with multiple zones, and the two or more ranges of measurement metrics identify a corresponding zone among the multiple zones, wherein the UE's location in a first zone associated with a first beam among the multiple zones is determined at least in part based on measurements of the first beam and corresponding measured metrics of the first beam. The communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining a measurement report provided by the UE, the measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam indicating that the UE is located in a first zone. The communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining, at least in part based on the measurement report, the mobility initiating the UE.

[0212] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 1520 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for outputting indications of two or more areas for measurement at the UE, and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each area, which are to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode. The communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for obtaining mobility messages from the UE, which are sent when one or more measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfy a threshold for triggering UE mobility. The communication manager 1520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for determining, at least in part, the initiating UE mobility based on mobility messages.

[0213] By including or configuring a communication manager 1520 according to an example as described herein, device 1505 can support techniques for area-based beam or cell measurements that reduce the number of measurements performed and reported by the UE, thereby reducing power consumption and overhead and providing more efficient use of communication resources.

[0214] In some examples, the communication manager 1520 may be configured to use or otherwise coordinate with the transceiver 1510, one or more antennas 1515 (e.g., where applicable), or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). Although the communication manager 1520 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1520 may be supported or performed by the transceiver 1510, one or more processors in at least one processor 1535, one or more memories in at least one memory 1525, code 1530, or any combination thereof (e.g., by a processing system including at least a portion of at least one processor 1535, at least one memory 1525, code 1530, or any combination thereof). For example, code 1530 may include instructions that can be executed by one or more memories in at least one processor 1535 to cause device 1505 to perform various aspects of area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication as described herein, or at least one processor 1535 and at least one memory 1525 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations individually or jointly.

[0215] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1600 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1600 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 11 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0216] At 1605, the method may include: receiving from a network entity an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas. Operation of block 1605 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1605 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The described area identifier manager 1025 is used to perform this.

[0217] At 1610, the method may include: measuring one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. Operation of block 1610 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1610 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The measurement manager 1030 described is used to perform this.

[0218] At 1615, the method may include: sending a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of one or more cells or beams associated with the first area. Operation of block 1615 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1615 may be provided by reference to... Figure 10 The described measurement report manager 1035 is used to perform this.

[0219] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating a method 1700 for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1700 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1700 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 11 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0220] At 1705, the method may include: receiving from a network entity an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, wherein the one or more areas include non-circular areas. Operation of block 1705 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1705 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The described area identifier manager 1025 is used to perform this.

[0221] At 1710, the method may include: receiving priority information for each of one or more areas, the priority information including cell or beam priority of each of the one or more cells or beams to be measured, frequency priority of one or more operating frequencies, or any combination thereof, and wherein measurements of the one or more cells or beams are performed according to the priority information, and wherein selection, reselection, or handover of the one or more cells or beams is prioritized according to the priority information. Operation of block 1710 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1710 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The described priority manager 1045 is used for execution.

[0222] At 1715, the method may include: measuring one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. Operation of block 1715 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1715 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The measurement manager 1030 described is used to perform this.

[0223] At 1720, the method may include: sending a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of one or more cells or beams associated with the first area. Operation of block 1720 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1720 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The described measurement report manager 1035 is used to perform this.

[0224] Figure 18 A flowchart illustrating a method 1800 for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1800 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1800 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 11 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0225] At 1805, the method may include: receiving an indication of a set of beams and two or more measurement metric ranges associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with a plurality of zones, and the two or more measurement metric ranges identify a corresponding zone among the plurality of zones. Operation of block 1805 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1805 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The described area identifier manager 1025 is used to perform this.

[0226] At 1810, the method may include: measuring at least a first beam in the set of beams to identify that the UE is located in a first area associated with the first beam among a plurality of areas. Operation of block 1810 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1810 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The measurement manager 1030 described is used to perform this.

[0227] At 1815, the method may include: sending a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of a first beam, the one or more measured parameters indicating that the UE is located in a first area. Operation of block 1815 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1815 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The described measurement report manager 1035 is used to perform this.

[0228] Figure 19A flowchart illustrating a method 1900 for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 1900 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1900 may be performed by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 11 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0229] At 1905, the method may include: receiving from a network entity indications for two or more areas and for each area one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle mode or connected mode. Operation of block 1905 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1905 may be provided by reference to [reference]. Figure 10 The described area identifier manager 1025 is used to perform this.

[0230] At 1910, the method may include: measuring one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. Operation of block 1910 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1910 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The measurement manager 1030 described is used to perform this.

[0231] At 1915, the method may include: sending a mobility message to a network entity based at least in part on one or more measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering UE mobility. The operation of block 1915 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1915 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The described mobility manager 1040 is used to perform this.

[0232] Figure 20 A flowchart illustrating a method 2000 for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2000 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2000 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 11 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0233] At 2005, the method may include: receiving from a network entity indications for two or more areas and for each area one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode. Operation of block 2005 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2005 may be provided by reference to [reference]. Figure 10 The described area identifier manager 1025 is used to perform this.

[0234] At 2010, the method may include: when the UE is in idle mode, receiving, via broadcast message, a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of two or more areas from a network entity, and wherein the UE measures only the neighboring cells or neighboring beams to determine cell or beam reselection or activation. Operation of block 2010 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2010 may be provided by reference to [reference]. Figure 10 The described beam identifier manager 1050 is used to perform this.

[0235] At 2015, the method may include: measuring one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. Operation of block 2015 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2015 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The measurement manager 1030 described is used to perform this.

[0236] At 2020, the method may include: sending a mobility message to a network entity based at least in part on one or more measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering UE mobility. The operation of box 2020 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2020 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The described mobility manager 1040 is used to perform this.

[0237] Figure 21 A flowchart illustrating a method 2100 for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2100 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2100 may be performed by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 11 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0238] At 2105, the method may include: receiving from a network entity indications for two or more areas and for each area one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle mode or connected mode. Operation of block 2105 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2105 may be provided by reference to [reference]. Figure 10 The described area identifier manager 1025 is used to perform this.

[0239] At 2110, the method may include: when the UE is in connected mode, receiving, via unicast message, a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of two or more areas from a network entity, and wherein the UE only measures and reports neighboring cells or neighboring beams for determining cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE directly performs a handover to one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without measurement. The operation of block 2110 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2110 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The described beam identifier manager 1050 is used to perform this.

[0240] At 2115, the method may include: measuring one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. Operation of block 2115 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2115 may be provided by reference to... Figure 10 The measurement manager 1030 described is used to perform this.

[0241] At 2120, the method may include: sending a mobility message to a network entity based at least in part on one or more measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering UE mobility. The operation of block 2120 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2120 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The described mobility manager 1040 is used to perform this.

[0242] Figure 22 A flowchart illustrating a method 2200 for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2200 may be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2200 may be performed by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 11 The UE 115 described herein is used to perform this function. In some examples, the UE can execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0243] At 2205, the method may include: receiving from a network entity indications for two or more areas and for each area one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode. Operation of block 2205 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2205 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The described area identifier manager 1025 is used to perform this.

[0244] At 2210, the method may include: measuring one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas. Operation of block 2210 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2210 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The measurement manager 1030 described is used to perform this.

[0245] At 2215, the method may include: sending a mobility message to a network entity based at least in part on one or more measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering UE mobility. The operation of block 2215 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2215 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 10 The described mobility manager 1040 is used to perform this.

[0246] At 2220, the method may include: transmitting a measurement report including indications of one or more detected neighboring cells or beams for at least a first area and corresponding quality metrics, wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Medium Utilization Load, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof. Operation of block 2220 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2220 may be provided by reference to... Figure 10 The described measurement report manager 1035 is used to perform this.

[0247] Figure 23 A flowchart illustrating a method 2300 for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2300 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2300 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 7 as well as Figures 12 to 15The network entity described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0248] At 2305, the method may include: outputting to the UE an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas, wherein the UE will measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas. Operation of block 2305 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2305 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The described area identifier manager 1425 is used to perform this.

[0249] At 2310, the method may include: obtaining a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of one or more cells or beams associated with the first area. Operation of block 2310 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2310 may be provided by reference to... Figure 14 The described measurement report manager 1430 is used to perform this.

[0250] At 2315, the method may include: determining the mobility of the initiating UE based at least in part on a measurement report. The operation of block 2315 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2315 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The described mobility manager 1435 is used to perform this.

[0251] Figure 24 A flowchart illustrating a method 2400 for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2400 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2400 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 7 as well as Figures 12 to 15 The network entity described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0252] At 2405, the method may include: outputting to the UE an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas, wherein the UE will measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas. Operation of block 2405 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2405 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The described area identifier manager 1425 is used to perform this.

[0253] At 2410, the method may include: outputting priority information for each of one or more areas, the priority information including cell or beam priority of each of the one or more cells or beams to be measured, frequency priority of one or more operating frequencies, or any combination thereof, and wherein measurements of the one or more cells or beams are performed according to the priority information, and wherein selection, reselection, or handover of the one or more cells or beams is prioritized according to the priority information. The operation of block 2410 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2410 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The described priority manager 1440 is used for execution.

[0254] At 2415, the method may include: obtaining a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of one or more cells or beams associated with the first area. Operation of block 2415 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2415 may be provided by reference to... Figure 14 The described measurement report manager 1430 is used to perform this.

[0255] At 2420, the method may include: determining the mobility of the initiating UE based at least in part on a measurement report. The operation of block 2420 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2420 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The described mobility manager 1435 is used to perform this.

[0256] Figure 25 A flowchart illustrating a method 2500 for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2500 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2500 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 7 as well as Figures 12 to 15The network entity described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0257] At 2505, the method may include: outputting to the UE an indication of a set of beams and two or more measurement metric ranges associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with a plurality of zones, and the two or more measurement metric ranges identify a corresponding zone among the plurality of zones, wherein the UE's position in a first zone associated with a first beam among the plurality of zones is determined at least in part based on measurements of the first beam and corresponding measured metrics of the first beam. Operation of block 2505 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2505 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The described area identifier manager 1425 is used to perform this.

[0258] At 2510, the method may include: obtaining a measurement report provided by the UE, the measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of a first beam, the one or more measured parameters indicating that the UE is located in a first area. Operation of block 2510 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2510 may be provided by reference to... Figure 14 The described measurement report manager 1430 is used to perform this.

[0259] At 2515, the method may include: determining the mobility of the initiating UE based at least in part on a measurement report. The operation of block 2515 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2515 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The described mobility manager 1435 is used to perform this.

[0260] Figure 26 A flowchart illustrating a method 2600 for supporting area-based mobility measurement and handover techniques in wireless communication according to one or more aspects of this disclosure is shown. Operation of method 2600 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 2600 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 7 as well as Figures 12 to 15 The network entity described is used to perform this function. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described function. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described function.

[0261] At 2605, the method may include: outputting indications for two or more areas for measurement at the UE and for each area one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in idle or connected mode. Operation of block 2605 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 2605 may be provided by reference to [reference]. Figure 14 The described area identifier manager 1425 is used to perform this.

[0262] At 2610, the method may include: obtaining a mobility message from the UE, the mobility message being sent when one or more measurements of one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfy a threshold for triggering mobility of the UE. Operation of block 2610 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2610 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 14 The described mobility manager 1435 is used to perform this.

[0263] At 2615, the method may include: determining the mobility of the initiating UE based at least in part on mobility messages. The operation of block 2615 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 2615 may be derived from references... Figure 14 The described mobility manager 1435 is used to perform this.

[0264] The following provides an overview of the various aspects of this disclosure:

[0265] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication at a UE, the method comprising: receiving from a network entity an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas; measuring one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas; and sending a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area.

[0266] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, the method further includes: receiving priority information for each of the one or more areas, the priority information including cell or beam priority of each of the one or more cells or beams to be measured, frequency priority of one or more operating frequencies, or any combination thereof, and wherein the measurement of the one or more cells or beams is performed according to the priority information, and wherein the selection, reselection, or handover of the one or more cells or beams is prioritized according to the priority information.

[0267] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 2, wherein when the UE is in either a connected mode or an idle mode, the measurement report is sent from the UE, an associated measurement is performed at the UE, or both.

[0268] Aspect 4: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein at least the first region is a two-dimensional circular sector region represented by the central direction of the first region, the angular range of the first region, the radius of the first region, and the position of the center of the first region.

[0269] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the one or more areas comprise a plurality of two-dimensional rectangular areas, and wherein each of the plurality of two-dimensional rectangular areas is associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding area.

[0270] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the one or more areas include at least one three-dimensional area defined by a set of three-dimensional coordinates, wherein the at least one three-dimensional area is associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding three-dimensional area.

[0271] Aspect 7: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 3, wherein the one or more regions include at least a first joint space-time zone, the first joint space-time zone being defined as a first set of two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates at a first time or for a first time window.

[0272] Aspect 8: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 7, wherein the measurement report includes an indication of one or more detected cells, beams or frequencies for at least the first region and corresponding quality metrics, and wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Medium Utilization Load, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Rank, Estimated Throughput, or any combination thereof.

[0273] Aspect 9: According to the method of aspect 8, wherein the measurement report is a joint report of two or more detected cells, beams or frequencies and corresponding quality metrics for a first location of the UE, and wherein the first location is within the first area.

[0274] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of Aspects 8 to 9, wherein the measurement report is a joint report for two or more areas, the joint report including an indication for each reported area and associated parameters for each detected cell, beam or frequency for each reported area.

[0275] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 10, wherein the measurement report is a differential report, the differential report including indications of one or more newly detected cells or beams, identification of one or more previously detected cells or beams that are no longer detected, no change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0276] Aspect 12: A method for wireless communication at a UE, the method comprising: receiving an indication of a set of beams and two or more measurement metric ranges associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with a plurality of zones, and the two or more measurement metric ranges identify a corresponding zone among the plurality of zones; measuring at least a first beam in the set of beams to identify that the UE is located in a first zone among the plurality of zones associated with the first beam; and transmitting a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam, the one or more measured parameters indicating that the UE is located in the first zone.

[0277] Aspect 13: According to the method of aspect 12, the first area of ​​the plurality of areas is defined by a first beam or cell identifier and a first measurement metric range, and the second area of ​​the plurality of areas is defined by the first beam or cell identifier and a second measurement metric range.

[0278] Aspect 14: The method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 13, wherein each of the set of beams is identified by a beam indication of a reference signal associated with arrival at the respective beam, and wherein the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal, a positioning reference signal, a probe reference signal, a reference signal provided in a synchronization signal block (SSB), or any combination thereof.

[0279] Aspect 15: The method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 14, wherein the one or more measured parameters include one or more of the following: reference signal received power (RSRP), signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), or any combination thereof.

[0280] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of aspects 12 to 15, wherein the first region of the plurality of regions is defined by the intersection of two or more single-beam regions.

[0281] Aspect 17: According to the method of aspect 16, the different beams in the set of beams may be associated with two or more different transmit / receive points (TRPs) in the same cell or different cells.

[0282] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 17, wherein the measurement report includes an indication of one or more detected beams for at least the first region and a corresponding quality metric, and wherein the quality metric includes one or more of the following: reference signal received power (RSRP), signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), medium utilization load, channel quality indicator (CQI), rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof.

[0283] Aspect 19: The method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 18, wherein the measurement report is a differential report, the differential report including indications of one or more newly detected beams, identifiers of one or more previously detected beams that are no longer detected, no change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0284] Aspect 20: A method for wireless communication at a UE, the method comprising: receiving from a network entity indications of two or more zones and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each zone, the one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is located in an associated zone, regardless of whether the UE is in an idle mode or a connected mode; measuring the one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with the first zone in response to the UE being located in a first zone of the one or more zones; and sending a mobility message to the network entity based at least in part on one or more measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering mobility of the UE.

[0285] Aspect 21: The method according to aspect 20, wherein receiving the indication for two or more areas comprises: when the UE is in the idle mode, receiving from the network entity via a broadcast message a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of the two or more areas, and wherein the UE measures only the neighboring cells or neighboring beams to determine cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE directly reselects or activates one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without measurement.

[0286] Aspect 22: According to the method of aspect 21, the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each area is broadcast by all synchronization signal block (SSB) beams associated with the network entity, or by a subgroup having SSB beams covering the first area.

[0287] Aspect 23: The method according to any one of Aspects 21 to 22, wherein the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams includes a priority associated with each cell or beam, and wherein measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams are performed according to the priority.

[0288] Aspect 24: The method according to aspect 23, wherein when the measurement of other cells or beams with higher priority does not meet the threshold for triggering the mobility of the UE, a measurement of one or more cells or beams with lower priority than the other cells or beams with higher priority is performed.

[0289] Aspect 25: The method according to aspect 20, wherein receiving the indication for two or more areas comprises: when the UE is in the connection mode, receiving from the network entity via unicast message a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of the two or more areas, and wherein the UE only measures and reports neighboring cells or neighboring beams for determining cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE directly performs a handover to one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without measurement.

[0290] Aspect 26: The method according to any one of Aspects 20 to 25, the method further comprising: transmitting a measurement report, the measurement report including indications of one or more detected neighboring cells or beams for at least the first area and corresponding quality metrics, and wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: reference signal received power (RSRP), signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), medium utilization load, channel quality indicator (CQI), rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof.

[0291] Aspect 27: The method according to aspect 26, wherein the measurement report is a differential report, the differential report including indications of one or more newly detected beams or cells, identifications of one or more previously detected beams or cells that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0292] Aspect 28: A method for wireless communication at a network entity, the method comprising: outputting to a UE an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, the one or more areas including non-circular areas, wherein the UE will measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas; obtaining a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area; and determining, at least in part, the mobility initiating the UE based on the measurement report.

[0293] Aspect 29: The method according to aspect 28, further comprising: outputting priority information for each of the one or more areas, the priority information including cell or beam priority of each of the one or more cells or beams to be measured, frequency priority of one or more operating frequencies, or any combination thereof, and wherein the measurement of the one or more cells or beams is performed according to the priority information, and wherein the selection, reselection, or handover of the one or more cells or beams is prioritized according to the priority information.

[0294] Aspect 30: The method according to any one of Aspects 28 to 29, wherein when the UE is in either a connected mode or an idle mode, the measurement report is provided by the UE, an associated measurement is performed at the UE, or both.

[0295] Aspect 31: The method according to any one of Aspects 28 to 30, wherein at least the first region is a two-dimensional circular sector region represented by the central direction of the first region, the angular range of the first region, the radius of the first region, and the position of the center of the first region.

[0296] Aspect 32: The method according to any one of Aspects 28 to 30, wherein the one or more areas comprise a plurality of two-dimensional rectangular areas, and wherein each of the plurality of two-dimensional rectangular areas is associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding area.

[0297] Aspect 33: The method according to any one of Aspects 28 to 30, wherein the one or more regions include at least one three-dimensional region defined by a set of three-dimensional coordinates, wherein the at least one three-dimensional region is associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding three-dimensional region.

[0298] Aspect 34: The method according to any one of Aspects 28 to 30, wherein the one or more regions include at least a first joint space-time zone, the first joint space-time zone being defined as a first set of two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates at a first time or for a first time window.

[0299] Aspect 35: The method according to any one of Aspects 28 to 34, wherein the measurement report includes an indication of one or more detected cells, beams or frequencies for at least the first region and corresponding quality metrics, and wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: reference signal received power (RSRP), signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), medium utilization load, channel quality indicator (CQI), rank, estimated throughput or any combination thereof.

[0300] Aspect 36: According to the method of aspect 35, the measurement report is a joint report of two or more detected cells, beams or frequencies and corresponding quality metrics for a first location of the UE, and the first location is within the first area.

[0301] Aspect 37: The method according to any one of Aspects 35 to 36, wherein the measurement report is a joint report for two or more areas, the joint report including an indication for each reported area and associated parameters for each detected cell, beam or frequency for each reported area.

[0302] Aspect 38: The method according to any one of Aspects 28 to 37, wherein the measurement report is a differential report, the differential report including indications of one or more newly detected cells or beams, identification of one or more previously detected cells or beams that are no longer detected, no change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0303] Aspect 39: A method for wireless communication at a network entity, the method comprising: outputting to a UE an indication of a set of beams and two or more ranges of measurement metrics associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with a plurality of areas, and the two or more ranges of measurement metrics identify a corresponding area among the plurality of areas, wherein the location of the UE in a first area associated with a first beam among the plurality of areas is determined at least in part based on measurements of the first beam and corresponding measured metrics of the first beam; obtaining a measurement report provided by the UE, the measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the first beam, the one or more measured parameters indicating that the UE is located in the first area; and determining, at least in part based on the measurement report, the mobility initiating the UE.

[0304] Aspect 40: According to the method of aspect 39, the first area of ​​the plurality of areas is defined by a first beam or cell identifier and a first measurement metric range, and the second area of ​​the plurality of areas is defined by the first beam or cell identifier and a second measurement metric range.

[0305] Aspect 41: The method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 40, wherein each of the set of beams is identified by a beam indication of a reference signal associated with arrival at the respective beam, and wherein the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal, a positioning reference signal, a probe reference signal, a reference signal provided in a synchronization signal block (SSB), or any combination thereof.

[0306] Aspect 42: The method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 41, wherein the one or more measured parameters include one or more of the following: reference signal received power (RSRP), signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), or any combination thereof.

[0307] Aspect 43: The method according to any one of aspects 39 to 42, wherein the first region of the plurality of regions is defined by the intersection of two or more single-beam regions.

[0308] Aspect 44: According to the method of aspect 43, the different beams in the set of beams may be associated with two or more different transmit / receive points (TRPs) in the same cell or different cells.

[0309] Aspect 45: The method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 44, wherein the measurement report includes an indication of one or more detected beams for at least the first region and a corresponding quality metric, and wherein the quality metric includes one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Medium Utilization Load, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), Rank, Estimated Throughput, or any combination thereof.

[0310] Aspect 46: The method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 45, wherein the measurement report is a differential report, the differential report including indications of one or more newly detected beams, identifiers of one or more previously detected beams that are no longer detected, no change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0311] Aspect 47: A method for wireless communication at a network entity, the method comprising: outputting indications for two or more areas for measurement at a UE and for each area one or more neighboring cells or beams, the one or more neighboring cells or beams being measured when the UE is located within the associated area, regardless of whether the UE is in an idle mode or a connected mode; obtaining a mobility message from the UE, the mobility message being sent when one or more measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfy a threshold for triggering mobility of the UE; and determining, at least in part, the initiation of mobility of the UE based on the mobility message.

[0312] Aspect 48: The method according to aspect 47, wherein the output of the indication for two or more areas comprises: when the UE is in the idle mode, outputting a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of the two or more areas via a broadcast message, and wherein the UE will only measure the neighboring cells or neighboring beams to determine cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE will directly reselect or activate one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without measurement.

[0313] Aspect 49: According to the method of aspect 48, the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each area is broadcast by all synchronization signal block (SSB) beams associated with the network entity, or by a subgroup having SSB beams covering the first area.

[0314] Aspect 50: The method according to any one of Aspects 48 to 49, wherein the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams includes a priority associated with each cell or beam, and wherein measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams are performed according to the priority.

[0315] Aspect 51: The method according to aspect 50, wherein when a measurement of another cell or beam with a higher priority does not meet the threshold for triggering the mobility of the UE, a measurement is performed at the UE of one or more cells or beams with a lower priority than the other cell or beam with the higher priority.

[0316] Aspect 52: The method according to aspect 47, wherein the output of the indication for two or more areas comprises: when the UE is in the connection mode, outputting a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of the two or more areas via a unicast message, and wherein the UE will only measure and report the neighboring cells or neighboring beams for determining cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE will directly perform a handover to one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without measurement.

[0317] Aspect 53: The method according to any one of Aspects 47 to 52, the method further comprising: obtaining a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report including indications of one or more detected neighboring cells or beams for at least a first region and corresponding quality metrics, and wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: reference signal received power (RSRP), signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR), reference signal received quality (RSRQ), medium utilization load, channel quality indicator (CQI), rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof.

[0318] Aspect 54: According to the method of aspect 53, wherein the measurement report is a differential report, the differential report including indications of one or more newly detected beams or cells, identifiers of one or more previously detected beams or cells that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

[0319] Aspect 55: A UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the UE to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 11.

[0320] Aspect 56: A UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising at least one component for performing a method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11.

[0321] Aspect 57: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 11.

[0322] Aspect 58: A UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the UE to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 12 to 19.

[0323] Aspect 59: A UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising at least one component for performing a method according to any one of aspects 12 to 19.

[0324] Aspect 60: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method according to any one of aspects 12 to 19.

[0325] Aspect 61: A UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the UE to perform a method according to any one of aspects 20 to 27.

[0326] Aspect 62: A UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising at least one component for performing a method according to any one of aspects 20 to 27.

[0327] Aspect 63: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method according to any one of aspects 20 to 27.

[0328] Aspect 64: A network entity for wireless communication, the network entity comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the network entity to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 28 to 38.

[0329] Aspect 65: A network entity for wireless communication, the network entity comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 28 to 38.

[0330] Aspect 66: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method according to any one of aspects 28 to 38.

[0331] Aspect 67: A network entity for wireless communication, the network entity comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the network entity to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 39 to 46.

[0332] Aspect 68: A network entity for wireless communication, the network entity comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 39 to 46.

[0333] Aspect 69: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to perform the method according to any one of aspects 39 to 46.

[0334] Aspect 70: A network entity for wireless communication, the network entity comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the network entity to perform a method according to any one of aspects 47 to 54.

[0335] Aspect 71: A network entity for wireless communication, the network entity comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 47 to 54.

[0336] Aspect 72: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by one or more processors to perform a method according to any one of aspects 47 to 54.

[0337] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible specific implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other specific implementations are also possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more of these methods can be combined.

[0338] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used in most of the description, the techniques described herein are also applicable to networks outside of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described are applicable to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0339] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0340] The various exemplary blocks and components described herein can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic unit, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternative embodiments, a processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors cooperating with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). Any function or operation described herein that can be performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors capable of performing the described functions or operations individually or jointly.

[0341] The functions described herein can be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium or transmitted using one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including various portions distributed such that the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0342] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compressed optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code components in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included within the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, disks and optical discs include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital multifunction discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs. Disks can magnetically reproduce data, and optical discs can optically reproduce data using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any function or operation described herein that can be performed by memory can be performed by multiple memories capable of performing the described function or operation individually or jointly.

[0343] As used herein, the word "or" in a list of items (e.g., a list of items accompanied by phrases such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") in the claims indicates an inclusive list, such that a list of at least one of, for example, A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0344] As used herein, including in claims, the article “a” preceding a noun is open-ended and is understood to refer to “at least one” or “one or more” of those nouns. Therefore, the terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” are interchangeable. For example, where a claim enumerates “components” performing one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “component” having a characteristic or performing a function may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent references to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “the” can refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” can be understood to mean “one or more components,” and subsequent reference to “the component” in a claim can be understood as equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.” Similarly, subsequent references to a component introduced with the terms “the” or “the” as “one or more components” can refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, reference to "the one or more components" in the subsequent claims can be understood as equivalent to reference to "at least one of the one or more components".

[0345] The term "determine" encompasses a variety of actions, and therefore, "determine" can include calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, lookup (such as by searching in a table, database, or other data structure), identification, and similar actions. Furthermore, "determine" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory), etc. Moreover, "determine" can include parsing, acquiring, selecting, choosing, building, and other similar actions.

[0346] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by adding a dash after the reference numeral and a second reference numeral to differentiate them. If only the first reference numeral is used in the description, the description can be applied to any of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0347] The description herein, illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes an example configuration and does not represent all achievable examples or those within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," not "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The detailed description includes specific details used to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concept of the described examples.

[0348] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A UE, the UE comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-executable code; and One or more processors, coupled to one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the UE: Receive from network entities instructions for one or more areas and for each area one or more cells or beams to be measured, said one or more areas including non-circular areas; In response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​the one or more areas, to measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area; and Send a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area.

2. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the UE to: Priority information is received for each of the one or more areas, the priority information including the cell or beam priority of each of the one or more cells or beams to be measured, the frequency priority of one or more operating frequencies, or any combination thereof, and wherein the measurement of the one or more cells or beams is performed according to the priority information, and wherein the selection, reselection, or handover of the one or more cells or beams is prioritized according to the priority information.

3. The UE of claim 1, wherein when the UE is in either a connected mode or an idle mode, the measurement report is sent from the UE, an associated measurement is performed at the UE, or both.

4. The UE according to claim 1, wherein at least the first region is a two-dimensional circular sector region represented by the central direction of the first region, the angular range of the first region, the radius of the first region, and the position of the center of the first region.

5. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more areas comprise a plurality of two-dimensional rectangular areas, and wherein each of the plurality of two-dimensional rectangular areas is associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding area.

6. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more regions comprise at least one three-dimensional region defined by a set of three-dimensional coordinates, wherein the at least one three-dimensional region is associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding three-dimensional region.

7. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more regions include at least a first joint space-time zone, the first joint space-time zone being defined as a first set of two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates at a first time or for a first time window.

8. The UE of claim 1, wherein the measurement report includes indications of one or more detected cells, beams or frequencies for at least the first region and corresponding quality metrics, and wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Medium Utilization Load, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), rank, estimated throughput or any combination thereof.

9. The UE of claim 8, wherein the measurement report is a joint report of two or more detected cells, beams or frequencies and corresponding quality metrics for a first location of the UE, and wherein the first location is within the first area.

10. The UE of claim 8, wherein the measurement report is a joint report for two or more areas, the joint report including an indication of each reported area and associated parameters for each detected cell, beam, or frequency for each reported area.

11. The UE of claim 1, wherein the measurement report is a differential report, the differential report including indications of one or more newly detected cells or beams, identifiers of one or more previously detected cells or beams that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

12. A UE, the UE comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-executable code; and One or more processors, coupled to one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the UE: Receive indication of a set of beams and two or more measurement metric ranges associated with each beam, wherein each beam in the set of beams is associated with multiple zones, and the two or more measurement metric ranges identify a corresponding zone among the multiple zones; Measure at least the first beam in the set of beams to identify that the UE is located in a first zone associated with the first beam among the plurality of zones; as well as A measurement report is sent, which indicates one or more measured parameters of the first beam, and the one or more measured parameters indicate that the UE is located in the first area.

13. The UE of claim 12, wherein the first region of the plurality of regions is defined by a first beam or cell identifier and a first measurement metric range, and the second region of the plurality of regions is defined by the first beam or cell identifier and a second measurement metric range.

14. The UE of claim 12, wherein each of the set of beams is identified by a beam indication of a reference signal associated with arrival at the respective beam, and wherein the reference signal is a channel state information reference signal, a positioning reference signal, a probe reference signal, a reference signal provided in a synchronization signal block (SSB), or any combination thereof.

15. The UE of claim 12, wherein the first region of the plurality of regions is defined by the intersection of two or more single-beam regions.

16. The UE of claim 15, wherein the different beams in the set of beams are associated with two or more different transmit / receive points (TRPs) in the same cell or different cells.

17. The UE of claim 12, wherein the measurement report includes indications of one or more detected beams for at least the first region and corresponding quality metrics, and wherein the quality metrics include one or more of the following: Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP), Signal-to-Interference and Noise Ratio (SINR), Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), Medium Utilization Load, Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), rank, estimated throughput, or any combination thereof.

18. The UE of claim 12, wherein the measurement report is a differential report, the differential report including indications of one or more newly detected beams, identifiers of one or more previously detected beams that are no longer detected, no-change indicators from previous reports, or any combination thereof.

19. A UE, the UE comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-executable code; and One or more processors, coupled to one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the UE: Receive from network entities indications for two or more zones and one or more neighboring cells or beams for each zone, the one or more neighboring cells or beams to be measured when the UE is in the associated zone, regardless of whether the UE is in idle mode or connected mode; In response to the UE being located in a first area of ​​one or more areas, the measurement is performed on the one or more neighboring cells or beams associated with the first area; as well as Mobility messages are sent to the network entity at least in part based on one or more measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams satisfying a threshold for triggering the UE's mobility.

20. The UE according to claim 19, wherein, In order to receive the instructions for two or more zones, the one or more processors can operate individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the UE to: When the UE is in the idle mode, it receives a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of the two or more areas from the network entity via a broadcast message, wherein the UE measures only the neighboring cells or neighboring beams to determine cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE directly reselects or activates one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without performing a measurement.

21. The UE of claim 20, wherein the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each region is broadcast by all synchronization signal block (SSB) beams associated with the network entity, or by a subgroup having SSB beams covering the first region.

22. The UE of claim 20, wherein the list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams includes a priority associated with each cell or beam, and wherein measurements of the one or more neighboring cells or beams are performed according to the priority.

23. The UE according to claim 19, wherein, In order to receive the instructions for two or more zones, the one or more processors can operate individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the UE to: When the UE is in the connection mode, it receives a list of neighboring cells or neighboring beams for each of the two or more areas from the network entity via unicast messages, wherein the UE only measures and reports neighboring cells or neighboring beams for determining cell or beam reselection or activation, or the UE directly performs a handover to one of the neighboring cells or neighboring beams without measurement.

24. A network entity, the network entity comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-executable code; and One or more processors, coupled to one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the network entity: Output to user equipment (UE) an indication of one or more areas and one or more cells or beams to be measured for each area, said one or more areas including non-circular areas, wherein the UE will measure one or more cells or beams associated with the first area in response to the UE being located in the first area of ​​said one or more areas; Obtain a measurement report indicating one or more measured parameters of the one or more cells or beams associated with the first area; as well as The mobility of the UE is determined at least in part based on the measurement report.

25. The network entity of claim 24, wherein the one or more processors are further capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the network entity to: Priority information is output for each of the one or more areas, the priority information including the cell or beam priority of each of the one or more cells or beams to be measured, the frequency priority of one or more operating frequencies, or any combination thereof, and wherein the measurement of the one or more cells or beams is performed according to the priority information, and wherein the selection, reselection, or handover of the one or more cells or beams is prioritized according to the priority information.

26. The network entity of claim 24, wherein the measurement report is provided by the UE when the UE is in either a connected mode or an idle mode, and the associated measurement is performed at the UE, or both.

27. The network entity of claim 24, wherein at least the first region is a two-dimensional circular sector region represented by the central direction of the first region, the angular range of the first region, the radius of the first region, and the position of the center of the first region.

28. The network entity of claim 24, wherein the one or more areas comprise a plurality of two-dimensional rectangular areas, and wherein each of the plurality of two-dimensional rectangular areas is associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding area.

29. The network entity of claim 24, wherein the one or more regions comprise at least one three-dimensional region defined by a set of three-dimensional coordinates, wherein the at least one three-dimensional region is associated with at least one cell or beam to be measured when the UE is located in the corresponding three-dimensional region.

30. The network entity of claim 24, wherein the one or more regions include at least a first joint space-time zone, the first joint space-time zone being defined as a first set of two-dimensional or three-dimensional coordinates at a first time or for a first time window.

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