A light environment regulation method for promoting the growth and improving the disease resistance of fortune plant
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610950265.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-28
AI Technical Summary
[0004]为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的目的是提供一种促进丰都车前生长和提高抗病性的光环境调控方法，以解决现有丰都车前在栽培过程中对病害防治方法依赖化学药剂，存在药剂残留、病原菌抗药性及对濒危植物安全性不高等问题
1、本发明通过前期梯度增光保障植株正常生长，后期补充红光和蓝光LED光源，使总光合有效光量子通量密度达到800 μmol/(m2·s)，有效模拟了其野外强光生境。通过补充特定光质能够显著诱导丰都车前叶片中抗氧化酶、木质素和花色素等抗性物质的合成与积累，从而增强植株的抗病能力，降低白粉病等常见病害的发生率，同时促进植株生长。
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant cultivation technology, specifically to a method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and improve its disease resistance. Background Technology
[0002] Fengdu plantain ( Plantago fengdouensis Plantago asiatica is a perennial herb belonging to the Plantaginaceae family and the Plantago genus. It is a Class II protected wild plant in China and is considered highly endangered. This species has a narrow natural distribution range, a small population, and requires a specific growing environment. Furthermore, it is susceptible to periodic water level changes and human disturbance, making natural population regeneration difficult. Currently, artificial propagation and ex-situ conservation mainly rely on greenhouse cultivation.
[0003] Powdery mildew is a common disease in greenhouse cultivation, especially prevalent in greenhouse seedbeds, severely hindering the conservation of *Plantago asiatica*. Current control methods mainly rely on chemical agents, but these present problems such as pesticide residues, pathogen resistance, and low safety for endangered plants. Therefore, there is still a need to develop environmentally friendly physical control methods. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a light environment regulation method to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and improve its disease resistance, so as to solve the problems that existing Plantago asiatica cultivation methods rely on chemical agents for disease control, resulting in drug residues, pathogen resistance, and low safety for endangered plants.
[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: This invention provides a method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of *Plantago asiatica* and improve its disease resistance. Differentiated light treatments are used to assist cultivation at different growth stages of *Plantago asiatica*. Differentiated lighting treatments include: During the seedling stage, a light intensity of 52~65 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) Exposure to sunlight; During the 3-4 leaf stage, a light intensity of 190-200 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) Exposure to sunlight; During the 5-6 leaf stage, a light intensity of 390-410 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) Exposure to sunlight; After the 7-leaf stage, a light intensity of 390–410 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) While receiving sunlight, supplemental red and / or blue light is provided, with a total illuminance of 390~410 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s).
[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: During greenhouse cultivation, this application discovered that different light conditions significantly affect the incidence of powdery mildew in *Plantago fengduensis*: under strong light, the plant leaves turn red, and the incidence of powdery mildew is significantly reduced; under ordinary light, the plant leaves remain green, and the incidence of powdery mildew is higher. Further analysis revealed that light conditions include both light intensity and light quality, with blue light components playing a particularly crucial role in light quality. Based on these findings, this invention, by regulating light conditions (including light intensity and light quality, especially blue light), induces leaf pigment production, effectively reducing the incidence of powdery mildew in *Plantago fengduensis*, providing a theoretical basis for the scientific conservation and ecological restoration of *Plantago fengduensis* and other endangered plants.
[0007] Furthermore, during the 3-4 leaf stage, a light intensity of 195 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) Exposure to sunlight; During the 5-6 leaf stage, a light intensity of 400 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) Exposure to sunlight; After the 7-leaf stage, a light intensity of 400 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) While receiving sunlight, supplemental red and / or blue light is provided, with a total illuminance of 400 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s).
[0008] Furthermore, the daylight source is a regular fluorescent lamp, and the red and / or blue light source is an LED light source, with the LED light source positioned vertically 25-35 cm from the top of the plant.
[0009] Preferably, the LED light source is positioned 30 cm vertically from the top of the plant.
[0010] Furthermore, the wavelength of red light is 620~630 nm, and the wavelength of blue light is 450~460 nm.
[0011] Furthermore, when red and blue light are simultaneously applied, the photon ratio of red light to blue light is (0.8~1.2):(0.8~1.2).
[0012] Preferably, when red and blue light are simultaneously applied, the ratio of photons between red and blue light is 1:1.
[0013] Furthermore, the ambient temperature during cultivation is 22~25℃, and the relative humidity is 60%~70%.
[0014] Furthermore, the daily light exposure during cultivation is 10-14 hours.
[0015] Preferably, the daily light exposure time during cultivation is 12 hours.
[0016] Furthermore, the cultivation substrate includes nutrient soil, soil and perlite, with the mass ratio of nutrient soil, soil and perlite being (1~3):(1~3):(0.5~1.5).
[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of nutrient soil, soil and perlite is 2:2:1.
[0018] Furthermore, during cultivation, apply compound fertilizer every 10-15 days and water every 5-7 days.
[0019] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention ensures normal plant growth through early-stage gradient light enhancement, and supplements with red and blue LED light sources in the later stages, achieving a total photosynthetically active photon flux density of 800 μmol / (m²). 2 The method effectively simulates the strong light habitat of Plantago asiatica in the wild. By supplementing with specific light qualities, the synthesis and accumulation of resistance substances such as antioxidant enzymes, lignin and anthocyanins in the leaves of Plantago asiatica can be significantly induced, thereby enhancing the plant's disease resistance, reducing the incidence of common diseases such as powdery mildew, and promoting plant growth.
[0020] 2. This invention provides a scientific and environmentally friendly method for controlling the light environment to address the conservation needs of the endangered plant *Plantago fengduensis*. By employing appropriate light source supplementation schemes at different growth stages of *Plantago fengduensis*, its light conditions are made closer to its natural habitat, meeting the light requirements of each growth stage. This ensures normal plant growth, enhances disease resistance, reduces the use of chemical pesticides, and is suitable for indoor conservation and ex-situ protection of endangered plants. Attached Figure Description
[0021] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the incidence of powdery mildew in *Plantago asiatica* in Fengdu treated with the red and blue light cultivation method in Example 1. Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the incidence of powdery mildew in *Plantago asiatica* treated with the blue light cultivation method in Example 2. Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the incidence of powdery mildew in *Plantago asiatica* treated with the red light cultivation method in Example 3. Figure 4 The image shows the incidence of powdery mildew in *Plantago asiatica* in Fengdu treated with the yellow light cultivation method in Comparative Example 1. Figure 5 The image shows the incidence of powdery mildew in *Plantago asiatica* in Fengdu under the cultivation method of fluorescent lamps, as a comparison example 2. Detailed Implementation
[0022] The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified in the examples, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer should be followed. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available products.
[0023] Example 1: A method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and enhance its disease resistance includes the following steps: When the seeds of *Plantago asiatica* from Fengdu germinate to the stage of two young leaves, transplant them into pots and place them under a fluorescent lamp with a light intensity of 58 μmol / (m²). 2 •s), with a daily light duration of 12 h; once the plants have grown to the 3-4 leaf stage, increase the light intensity to 195 μmol / (m²). 2 •s); When the plants are about 30 days old and have 5-6 leaves, increase the light intensity to 400 μmol / (m²). 2 •s); After the plant grows to the 7-leaf stage, irradiate it with fluorescent lamps (light intensity of 400 μmol / (m²)). 2 Simultaneously, red and blue LED light sources were used for illumination, with the light source positioned vertically 30 cm above the plant tip. The blue light wavelength was 455 nm, and the red light wavelength was 625 nm. The total light intensity of the supplemental light was 400 μmol / (m²). 2 The ratio of light quanta of blue light to red light is 1:1.
[0024] The cultivation process uses substrate cultivation, with a substrate ratio of nutrient soil: soil: perlite = 2:2:1. Compound fertilizer is applied every 12 days. The watering cycle is adjusted according to the dryness and wetness of the substrate, maintaining watering once every 5 to 7 days. The cultivation environment temperature is controlled at 22 to 25℃, and the relative humidity is maintained at 60% to 70%.
[0025] Example 2: A method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and enhance its disease resistance includes the following steps: When the seeds of *Plantago asiatica* from Fengdu germinate to the stage of two young leaves, transplant them into pots and place them under a fluorescent lamp with a light intensity of 58 μmol / (m²). 2 •s), with a daily light duration of 12 h; once the plants have grown to the 3-4 leaf stage, increase the light intensity to 195 μmol / (m²). 2 •s); When the plants are about 30 days old and have 5-6 leaves, increase the light intensity to 400 μmol / (m²). 2 •s); After the plant grows to the 7-leaf stage, irradiate it with fluorescent lamps (light intensity of 400 μmol / (m²)). 2Simultaneously, a blue LED light source was used for illumination, with the light source positioned vertically 30 cm above the plant tip. The blue light wavelength was 455 nm, and the light intensity was 400 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s).
[0026] The cultivation process uses substrate cultivation, with a substrate ratio of nutrient soil: soil: perlite = 2:2:1. Compound fertilizer is applied every 12 days. The watering cycle is adjusted according to the dryness and wetness of the substrate, maintaining watering once every 5 to 7 days. The cultivation environment temperature is controlled at 22 to 25℃, and the relative humidity is maintained at 60% to 70%.
[0027] Example 3: A method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and enhance its disease resistance includes the following steps: When the seeds of *Plantago asiatica* from Fengdu germinate to the stage of two young leaves, transplant them into pots and place them under a fluorescent lamp with a light intensity of 58 μmol / (m²). 2 •s), with a daily light duration of 12 h; once the plants have grown to the 3-4 leaf stage, increase the light intensity to 195 μmol / (m²). 2 •s); When the plants are about 30 days old and have 5-6 leaves, increase the light intensity to 400 μmol / (m²). 2 •s); After the plant grows to the 7-leaf stage, irradiate it with fluorescent lamps (light intensity of 400 μmol / (m²)). 2 Simultaneously, a red LED light source was used for illumination, with the light source positioned vertically 30 cm above the plant tip. The red light wavelength was 625 nm, and the total light intensity was 400 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s).
[0028] The cultivation process uses substrate cultivation, with a substrate ratio of nutrient soil: soil: perlite = 2:2:1. Compound fertilizer is applied every 12 days. The watering cycle is adjusted according to the dryness and wetness of the substrate, maintaining watering once every 5 to 7 days. The cultivation environment temperature is controlled at 22 to 25℃, and the relative humidity is maintained at 60% to 70%.
[0029] Comparative Example 1: A method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and enhance its disease resistance includes the following steps: When the seeds of *Plantago asiatica* from Fengdu germinate to the stage of two young leaves, transplant them into pots and place them under a fluorescent lamp with a light intensity of 58 μmol / (m²). 2 •s), with a daily light duration of 12 h; once the plants have grown to the 3-4 leaf stage, increase the light intensity to 195 μmol / (m²). 2 •s); When the plants are about 30 days old and have 5-6 leaves, increase the light intensity to 400 μmol / (m²).2 •s); After the plant grows to the 7-leaf stage, irradiate it with fluorescent lamps (light intensity of 400 μmol / (m²)). 2 Simultaneously, a yellow LED light source was used for illumination, with the light source positioned vertically 30 cm above the plant tip. The wavelength of the yellow light was 585 nm, and the light intensity was 400 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s).
[0030] The cultivation process uses substrate cultivation, with a substrate ratio of nutrient soil: soil: perlite = 2:2:1. Compound fertilizer is applied every 12 days. The watering cycle is adjusted according to the dryness and wetness of the substrate, maintaining watering once every 5 to 7 days. The cultivation environment temperature is controlled at 22 to 25℃, and the relative humidity is maintained at 60% to 70%.
[0031] Comparative Example 2: A method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and enhance its disease resistance includes the following steps: When the seeds of *Plantago asiatica* from Fengdu germinate to the stage of two young leaves, transplant them into pots and place them under a fluorescent lamp with a light intensity of 58 μmol / (m²). 2 •s), with a daily light duration of 12 h; once the plants have grown to the 3-4 leaf stage, increase the light intensity to 195 μmol / (m²). 2 •s); When the plants are about 30 days old and have 5-6 leaves, increase the light intensity to 400 μmol / (m²). 2 •s); After the plant grows to the 7-leaf stage, maintain fluorescent lighting (light intensity of 400 μmol / (m²)). 2 ·s), without supplementing any LED light source.
[0032] The cultivation process uses substrate cultivation, with a substrate ratio of nutrient soil: soil: perlite = 2:2:1. Compound fertilizer is applied every 12 days. The watering cycle is adjusted according to the dryness and wetness of the substrate, maintaining watering once every 5 to 7 days. The cultivation environment temperature is controlled at 22 to 25℃, and the relative humidity is maintained at 60% to 70%.
[0033] Experimental example: To evaluate the effect of the method of the present invention on improving the disease resistance of Plantago asiatica in Fengdu, the present invention adopted the method of artificially inoculating the Plantago asiatica plants in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 with powdery mildew when they were cultured to 7 leaves, and then continued the cultivation of each example and comparative example.
[0034] The inoculation method is as follows: Fill a small sprayer with the prepared 0.3 mg / ml powdery mildew spore suspension. With the underside of the leaves of the plant to be inoculated facing upwards, spray the spore suspension evenly and finely from a distance of 18 cm from the leaves, ensuring a uniform thin mist film forms on the leaf surface, avoiding large droplets. Immediately after inoculation, maintain humidity.
[0035] Fifty days after inoculation, a powdery mildew disease survey was conducted. The number of diseased leaves at each level was recorded according to the powdery mildew disease grading standard in Table 1. The incidence rate and disease index were calculated, and the disease resistance of each treatment group was evaluated according to the disease index and resistance degree comparison standard in Table 2.
[0036] Table 1. Disease severity and corresponding symptoms of plantain powdery mildew in Fengdu
[0037] Disease index = [∑(number of diseased leaves at each level × corresponding level value) / (total number of leaves surveyed × highest level value)] × 100.
[0038] Incidence rate (%) = (number of diseased leaves / total number of leaves surveyed) × 100.
[0039] Table 2
[0040] The experimental results are shown in Table 3 and Figures 1-5 As shown.
[0041] Table 3 Disease index and incidence rate of each treatment group
[0042] The results showed that the *Plantago asiatica* treated in Examples 1-3 of this invention all exhibited effective resistance to powdery mildew. Specifically, *Plantago asiatica* cultivated with both blue and red light sources (Example 1) showed effective immunity to powdery mildew, with a disease index of 0, leaves ultimately turning red, leaf area increasing, and leaf texture thickening with increased hardness and brittleness. Example 2, with only blue light source supplementation, showed effective resistance to powdery mildew (Level 1), with a disease index of 3.14, a powdery mildew incidence rate of 15.71%, leaves ultimately turning purplish-red, leaf area increasing, leaf texture thickening with increased brittleness, and robust plant growth. Example 3, with only red light source supplementation, also showed resistance to powdery mildew (Level 2), with a disease index of 6.86, a powdery mildew incidence rate of 28.57%, leaves turning light purple, leaf area increasing, leaf hardness and brittleness increasing, and normal plant growth.
[0043] However, both Comparative Example 1, which received only yellow light, and Comparative Example 2, which received no light source, showed susceptibility to the disease. In Comparative Example 1, the disease index was 31.43, with a powdery mildew incidence rate of 84.29%, and no obvious color change in the leaves. In Comparative Example 2, the disease index was 71.14, the leaves showed no obvious color change, were green, small, narrow, and soft, and had a powdery mildew incidence rate of 92.86%, indicating severe powdery mildew infection that ultimately led to plant death.
[0044] Based on the above embodiments and comparative examples, the technical solution provided by this invention can significantly promote the growth of *Plantago asiatica* and improve its disease resistance. Among these, the treatment with simultaneous supplementation of blue and red light (Example 1) showed the best effect (disease index of 0), making it the optimal embodiment of this invention. Supplementation with blue light alone was the second best (disease index of 3.14), while the example with supplementation with red light alone showed relatively poor results (plant disease index of 6.86), but still achieved a significant improvement in the disease resistance of *Plantago asiatica*. The results indicate that supplementation with specific light quality (especially blue light) is a key factor in inducing disease resistance in *Plantago asiatica* and reducing the incidence of powdery mildew.
[0045] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and enhance its disease resistance, characterized in that, Differentiated light treatments were used to assist cultivation of *Plantago asiatica* at different growth stages in Fengdu. The differentiated lighting treatment includes: During the seedling stage, a light intensity of 52~65 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) Exposure to sunlight; During the 3-4 leaf stage, a light intensity of 190-200 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) Exposure to sunlight; During the 5-6 leaf stage, a light intensity of 390-410 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) Exposure to sunlight; After the 7-leaf stage, a light intensity of 390–410 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) While receiving sunlight, supplemental red and / or blue light is provided, with a total illuminance of 390~410 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s).
2. The method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and improve its disease resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the 3-4 leaf stage, a light intensity of 195 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) Exposure to sunlight; During the 5-6 leaf stage, a light intensity of 400 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) Exposure to sunlight; After the 7-leaf stage, a light intensity of 400 μmol / (m²) was used. 2 •s) While receiving sunlight, supplemental red and / or blue light is provided, with a total illuminance of 400 μmol / (m²). 2 ·s).
3. The method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and improve its disease resistance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The sunlight source is a regular fluorescent lamp, and the red and / or blue light source is an LED light source, with the LED light source positioned vertically 25-35 cm from the top of the plant.
4. The method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and improve its disease resistance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The wavelength of the red light is 620~630 nm, and the wavelength of the blue light is 450~460 nm.
5. The method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and improve its disease resistance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, When red and blue light are supplemented for irradiation, the photon ratio of the red light to the blue light is (0.8~1.2):(0.8~1.2).
6. The method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and improve its disease resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that, During cultivation, the ambient temperature should be 22~25℃ and the relative humidity should be 60%~70%.
7. The method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and improve its disease resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The daily light exposure time during cultivation is 10-14 hours.
8. The method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and improve its disease resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cultivation substrate includes potting soil, soil and perlite, with a mass ratio of (1~3):(1~3):(0.5~1.5).
9. The method for regulating the light environment to promote the growth of Plantago asiatica and improve its disease resistance according to claim 1, characterized in that, Apply compound fertilizer every 10-15 days during cultivation and water every 5-7 days.