Chicken manure film mulching compost fermentation device and fermentation method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of chicken manure organic fertilizer fermentation, and particularly relates to a chicken manure film-coated compost fermentation device and a fermentation method, which comprises a fermentation tank and a plurality of fermentation bacteria particles, the fermentation bacteria particles are mixed with chicken manure in the fermentation tank, the bottom of the fermentation tank is arc-shaped, a bottom plate is arranged on the lower side of the fermentation tank, and a turnover discharge assembly is arranged between the bottom plate and the fermentation tank; a mixing assembly is arranged in the inner cavity of the fermentation tank, and a film-coated sealing assembly is arranged on the top surface of the fermentation tank close to the left side. The turnover discharge assembly comprises two support plates fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate, shafts are respectively fixedly connected to the left and right side walls of the fermentation tank, the shafts are rotatably connected to the support plates at the other ends, and a first motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of one of the support plates. The present application can release fermentation bacteria at different fermentation stages without manual bacteria supplement, and solves the problem of poor bacterial population adaptability caused by traditional one-time bacteria inoculation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of chicken manure organic fertilizer fermentation technology, specifically relating to a chicken manure film-coated composting fermentation device and fermentation method. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, chicken manure, as a common organic waste, can be transformed into high-quality organic fertilizer after composting and fermentation, realizing resource recycling and reducing environmental pollution.

[0003] In the traditional process of chicken manure mulching composting, fermentation bacteria are generally added all at once. Although this simplifies the operation, different fermentation stages (heating period, high temperature period, cooling period, and maturation period) have different requirements for the type, activity, and structure of bacteria. The bacteria added all at once are difficult to maintain compatibility throughout the entire fermentation cycle. Problems such as the decline of bacteria activity during the high temperature period and the imbalance of bacteria in the low temperature or anaerobic zone can occur, leading to local "fermentation stagnation" and affecting the efficiency and quality of composting. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a chicken manure film-coated composting fermentation device and fermentation method that can release fermentation bacteria at different fermentation stages without the need for artificial replenishment of bacteria, thus solving the problem of poor bacterial compatibility caused by traditional one-time inoculation.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows:

[0006] A chicken manure film-coated composting fermentation device includes a fermentation box and several fermentation bacteria granules. The fermentation bacteria granules are mixed with chicken manure in the fermentation box. The bottom of the fermentation box is arc-shaped, and a bottom plate is provided on the lower side of the fermentation box. A turning and discharging component is provided between the bottom plate and the fermentation box.

[0007] The fermentation chamber is equipped with a mixing component, and a film sealing component is provided on the top surface of the fermentation chamber near the left side.

[0008] Furthermore, the flipping discharge assembly includes two support plates fixedly connected to the top surface of the base plate, and rotating shafts are fixedly connected to the left and right side walls of the fermentation tank respectively. The other end of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the support plate. A first motor is fixedly installed on the side wall of one of the support plates, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, the mixing assembly includes a stirring shaft rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fermentation tank, a plurality of stirring rods fixedly connected to the side wall of the stirring shaft, a turning rod fixedly connected to the other end of the stirring rods, a second motor fixedly installed on the side wall of the fermentation tank, and the output shaft of the second motor fixedly connected to the stirring shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a drain pipe is fixedly connected to the arc-shaped surface at the bottom of the fermentation tank, and a guide pipe is fixedly connected between the two support plates on the lower side of the drain pipe. The top surface of the guide pipe is open, the bottom of the guide pipe is inclined, and an outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the side wall of the guide pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, a filter screen is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drain pipe. The filter screen is flush with the inner wall of the fermentation tank and is made of metal.

[0012] Furthermore, the film sealing assembly includes an electric slide rail fixedly connected to the front and rear side walls of the fermentation tank near the top surface. A slider is slidably connected to the side wall of the electric slide rail. Two connecting plates are provided on the top of the fermentation tank. The connecting plates are U-shaped. The left connecting plate is fixedly connected to the end of the electric slide rail, and the right connecting plate is fixedly connected to the slider. A corrugated pad is fixedly connected between the two connecting plates.

[0013] Furthermore, a baffle is fixedly connected to the top of the fermentation tank at the corrugated pad.

[0014] Furthermore, the fermentation microbial particles include multiple dissolution layers and a microbial inoculum layer. The dissolution layers have a spherical structure, and the multiple dissolution layers are nested together. The microbial inoculum layer fills the space between two adjacent dissolution layers.

[0015] Furthermore, the multiple dissolving layer materials are glutinous rice paper, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin, and the multiple dissolving layer materials are distributed from the outside to the inside in the following order: glutinous rice paper, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin.

[0016] The microbial layer material is any one or a mixture of EM bacteria, wood ash, and traditional Chinese medicine powder.

[0017] A fermentation method for a chicken manure-covered composting fermentation device includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: After crushing the chicken manure, put it into the fermentation box and mix the fermentation bacteria granules with the chicken manure evenly according to the ratio.

[0019] S2: The slider is moved by the electric slide rail, so that the right connecting plate drives the corrugated pad to extend, and together with the left connecting plate, seals the top of the fermentation box;

[0020] S3: Start the second motor to drive the stirring shaft, stirring rod and turning rod to rotate, and regularly stir and turn the chicken manure and fermentation bacteria granules. The dissolution layer of fermentation bacteria granules dissolves in sequence, and the inoculum layer is released in stages to rebuild the dominant bacteria community at different fermentation stages.

[0021] S4: The leachate produced during fermentation is collected at the bottom of the fermentation tank and flows into the drain pipe. After being filtered by the filter screen, it flows into the guide pipe and is then collected and treated through the outlet pipe.

[0022] S5: After fermentation is complete, the corrugated pad is contracted by the electric slide rail, the top of the fermentation box is opened, the first motor is started to drive the fermentation box to rotate around the shaft, and the decomposed organic fertilizer is discharged, thus completing the fermentation.

[0023] The technical effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0024] The present invention discloses a chicken manure film-coated composting fermentation device and fermentation method. Through the multi-layer nested structure of fermentation bacteria particles, the outer dissolution layer dissolves sequentially at a preset rate, allowing the bacteria layer to be released at different fermentation stages. This eliminates the need for manual replenishment of bacteria, solving the problem of poor bacterial compatibility caused by traditional one-time inoculation. It also enables timely reconstruction of dominant bacteria in low-temperature and anaerobic zones, effectively avoiding local "fermentation stagnation" and improving composting efficiency and quality. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a side sectional view of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the image;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fermentation bacteria particles of the present invention.

[0031] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows:

[0032] 1. Fermentation chamber; 2. Base plate; 3. Support plate; 4. First motor; 5. Rotating shaft; 6. Stirring shaft; 7. Stirring rod; 8. Tumbling rod; 9. Second motor; 10. Drain pipe; 11. Guide pipe; 12. Outlet pipe; 13. Filter screen; 14. Electric slide rail; 15. Sliding block; 16. Connecting plate; 17. Corrugated pad; 18. Baffle; 19. Dissolving layer; 20. Inoculum layer. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by the invention.

[0034] Example 1:

[0035] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a chicken manure film-covered composting fermentation device includes a fermentation box 1 and several fermentation bacteria granules. The fermentation bacteria granules are mixed with chicken manure in the fermentation box 1. The bottom of the fermentation box 1 is arc-shaped. A bottom plate 2 is provided on the lower side of the fermentation box 1. A turning and discharging component is provided between the bottom plate 2 and the fermentation box 1.

[0036] The fermentation chamber 1 is equipped with a mixing component inside, and a film sealing component is installed on the top surface of the fermentation chamber 1 near the left side.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the tilting discharge assembly includes two support plates 3 fixedly connected to the top surface of the base plate 2. Rotating shafts 5 are fixedly connected to the left and right side walls of the fermentation tank 1, respectively. The other end of each rotating shaft 5 is rotatably connected to a support plate 3. A first motor 4 is fixedly installed on the side wall of one of the support plates 3, and the output shaft of the first motor 4 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 5. The tilting discharge assembly drives the rotating shaft 5 via the first motor 4, causing the fermentation tank 1 to tilt, thus achieving automated unloading and reducing labor intensity.

[0038] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the mixing assembly includes a stirring shaft 6 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fermentation tank 1, a plurality of stirring rods 7 fixedly connected to the side wall of the stirring shaft 6, a turning rod 8 fixedly connected to the other end of the stirring rods 7, a second motor 9 fixedly installed on the side wall of the fermentation tank 1, and the output shaft of the second motor 9 fixedly connected to the stirring shaft 6.

[0039] The stirring shaft 6 drives the stirring rod 7 and the turning rod 8 to rotate synchronously. The stirring rod 7 achieves horizontal stirring of the chicken manure, while the turning rod 8 can penetrate deep into the compost for vertical turning. The two work together to achieve three-dimensional stirring, improve the uniformity of mixing, and the stirring frequency can be adjusted according to the needs of the fermentation stage. While turning the compost, the bacteria and chicken manure are in full contact, avoiding local "fermentation stagnation". The setting of the turning rod 8 increases the contact area with the compost, further improving the stirring effect and promoting the uniform distribution of heat and oxygen inside the compost.

[0040] To ensure the stability of the fermentation process, such as Figure 4 As shown, a drain pipe 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom arc surface of the fermentation tank 1, and a guide pipe 11 is fixedly connected between the two side support plates 3 below the drain pipe 10. The top surface of the guide pipe 11 is open, the bottom of the guide pipe 11 is inclined, and an outlet pipe 12 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the guide pipe 11.

[0041] The drainage pipe 10 is used to prevent leachate from accumulating in the tank and causing compost moisture imbalance. The top opening of the guide pipe 11 can fully receive the leachate discharged from the drainage pipe 10. Its inclined bottom setting can accelerate the flow of leachate and discharge it through the outlet pipe 12, which facilitates subsequent leachate treatment and reduces secondary pollution.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, a filter screen 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drain pipe 10. The filter screen 13 is flush with the inner wall of the fermentation tank 1 and is made of metal. The filter screen 13 can effectively intercept chicken manure solid particles, prevent the drain pipe 10 from becoming clogged, and ensure smooth discharge of leachate. At the same time, the metal filter screen 13 is strong, corrosion-resistant, and has an extended service life. The design of being flush with the inner wall of the tank also prevents solid particles from accumulating at the filter screen 13.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown, the film sealing assembly includes an electric slide rail 14 fixedly connected to the front and rear side walls of the fermentation tank 1 near the top surface. A slider 15 is slidably connected to the side wall of the electric slide rail 14. Two connecting plates 16 are provided on the top of the fermentation tank 1. The connecting plates 16 have a U-shaped structure. The left connecting plate 16 is fixedly connected to the end of the electric slide rail 14, and the right connecting plate 16 is fixedly connected to the slider 15. A corrugated pad 17 is fixedly connected between the two connecting plates 16.

[0044] The sliding block 15 is driven by the electric slide rail 14 to move, which enables the right-side connecting plate 16 to slide left and right, thereby adjusting the expansion and contraction of the corrugated pad 17 to adapt to volume changes during composting fermentation and ensure a stable sealing effect. Secondly, the corrugated pad 17 is preferably made of corrosion-resistant rubber material. The corrugated pad 17 has good expansion and sealing properties, which can tightly cover the top of the fermentation box 1, reducing temperature loss and oxygen leakage. Moreover, the opening and closing is automatically achieved by the connection plate 16, without the need for manual operation, thus improving convenience.

[0045] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a baffle 18 is fixedly connected to the top of the fermentation tank 1 at the corrugated pad 17. The baffle 18 is used to protect the corrugated pad 17. When discharging, the corrugated pad 17 is stored on the upper side of the baffle 18 to prevent the decomposed chicken manure from being poured onto the corrugated pad 17 during the turning and discharging process. The baffle 18 can also be set to an inclined state to guide the material during the turning and discharging process, thereby reducing the residue of chicken manure.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the core of this scheme lies in the fact that the fermentation microbial particles include multiple dissolution layers 19 and inoculum layers 20. The dissolution layers 19 have a spherical structure, and multiple dissolution layers 19 are nested together. The inoculum layers 20 fill the spaces between adjacent dissolution layers 19. The nested dissolution layers 19 form a spherical structure, allowing the inoculum layers 20 to be stored in layers, providing a structural basis for intermittent release of inoculum. Furthermore, different inoculum can be filled in different storage layers, avoiding premature mixing of different inoculum layers 20 and ensuring the purity and activity of inoculum in each layer.

[0048] The multiple dissolving layers 19 are made of glutinous rice paper, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin respectively. The distribution pattern of the multiple dissolving layers 19 from the outside to the inside is glutinous rice paper, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin.

[0049] Specifically, the dissolution rate of the dissolution layer 19 varies depending on the material. Glutinous rice paper dissolves quickly in a humid environment, followed by sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol. Gelatin needs to start dissolving when the fermentation temperature reaches above 40°C, and its dissolution rate is relatively slow. Therefore, the gelatin is placed in the innermost layer to avoid being affected by the low-temperature fermentation in the early stage, thereby realizing the phased release of the inoculum layer 20 and adapting to the needs of different fermentation stages of composting.

[0050] The microbial layer 20 is made of any one or more of the following: EM bacteria, wood ash, and traditional Chinese medicine powder.

[0051] EM bacteria can rapidly decompose organic matter, wood ash provides mineral nutrients, and traditional Chinese medicine powder inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria. The synergistic effect of multiple components improves composting fermentation efficiency and organic fertilizer quality.

[0052] Example 3:

[0053] A fermentation method for a chicken manure-covered composting fermentation device includes the following steps:

[0054] S1: After crushing the chicken manure, put it into fermentation box 1 and mix the fermentation bacteria granules with the chicken manure evenly according to the ratio.

[0055] S2: The slider 15 is moved by the electric slide rail 14, so that the right connecting plate 16 drives the corrugated pad 17 to extend, and cooperates with the left connecting plate 16 to seal the top of the fermentation box 1.

[0056] S3: Start the second motor 9 to drive the stirring shaft 6, stirring rod 7 and turning rod 8 to rotate, and regularly stir and turn the chicken manure and fermentation bacteria particles. The dissolution layer 19 of the fermentation bacteria particles dissolves in sequence, and the inoculum layer 20 is released in stages to rebuild the dominant bacteria community at different fermentation stages.

[0057] S4: The leachate produced during the fermentation process is collected at the bottom of the fermentation tank 1 and flows into the drain pipe 10. After being filtered by the filter screen 13, it flows into the guide pipe 11 and is then collected and treated through the outlet pipe 12.

[0058] S5: After fermentation is complete, the corrugated pad 17 is contracted by the electric slide rail 14, the top of the fermentation box 1 is opened, the first motor 4 is started to drive the fermentation box 1 to rotate around the shaft 5, and the decomposed organic fertilizer is discharged, thus completing the fermentation.

[0059] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A chicken manure mulch composting and fermentation device, characterized in that: It includes a fermentation box (1) and several fermentation bacteria granules. The fermentation bacteria granules are mixed with chicken manure in the fermentation box (1). The bottom of the fermentation box (1) is arc-shaped. A bottom plate (2) is provided on the lower side of the fermentation box (1). A turning discharge component is provided between the bottom plate (2) and the fermentation box (1). The fermentation box (1) is equipped with a mixing component in its inner cavity, and a film sealing component is provided on the top surface of the fermentation box (1) near the left side.

2. The chicken manure film-covered composting fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flipping discharge assembly includes two support plates (3) fixedly connected to the top surface of the base plate (2). The left and right side walls of the fermentation box (1) are respectively fixedly connected to rotating shafts (5). The other end of the rotating shafts (5) is rotatably connected to the support plates (3). A first motor (4) is fixedly installed on the side wall of one of the support plates (3). The output shaft of the first motor (4) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (5).

3. The chicken manure film-covered composting fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixing assembly includes a stirring shaft (6) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the fermentation tank (1), a plurality of stirring rods (7) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the stirring shaft (6), and a turning rod (8) is fixedly connected to the other end of the stirring rods (7). A second motor (9) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the fermentation tank (1), and the output shaft of the second motor (9) is fixedly connected to the stirring shaft (6).

4. The chicken manure film-covered composting fermentation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fermentation tank (1) has a drain pipe (10) fixedly connected to the bottom arc surface. A guide pipe (11) is fixedly connected between the two support plates (3) on the lower side of the drain pipe (10). The top surface of the guide pipe (11) is open. The bottom of the guide pipe (11) is inclined. An outlet pipe (12) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the guide pipe (11).

5. The chicken manure film-covered composting fermentation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A filter screen (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drain pipe (10). The filter screen (13) is flush with the inner wall of the fermentation box (1). The filter screen (13) is made of metal.

6. The chicken manure film-covered composting fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The membrane sealing assembly includes an electric slide rail (14) fixedly connected to the front and rear side walls of the fermentation tank (1) near the top surface. A slider (15) is slidably connected to the side wall of the electric slide rail (14). Two connecting plates (16) are provided on the top of the fermentation tank (1). The connecting plates (16) are U-shaped. The left connecting plate (16) is fixedly connected to the end of the electric slide rail (14), and the right connecting plate (16) is fixedly connected to the slider (15). A corrugated pad (17) is fixedly connected between the two connecting plates (16).

7. The chicken manure film-covered composting fermentation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fermentation tank (1) has a baffle (18) fixedly connected to the top at the corrugated pad (17).

8. The chicken manure film-covered composting fermentation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fermentation microbial particles include multiple dissolution layers (19) and a microbial layer (20). The dissolution layers (19) are spherical structures, and the multiple dissolution layers (19) are nested together. The microbial layer (20) fills the space between two adjacent dissolution layers (19).

9. The chicken manure film-coated composting fermentation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The materials of the multiple dissolving layers (19) are glutinous rice paper, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin, respectively. The materials of the multiple dissolving layers (19) are distributed from the outside to the inside as glutinous rice paper, sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol and gelatin. The microbial layer (20) is made of any one or more of EM bacteria, wood ash, and traditional Chinese medicine powder.

10. A fermentation method for a chicken manure film-coated composting fermentation device, used in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The fermentation method includes the following steps: S1: After crushing the chicken manure, put it into the fermentation box (1) and mix the fermentation bacteria granules with the chicken manure evenly in proportion; S2: Drive the slider (15) to move via the electric slide rail (14), so that the right connecting plate (16) drives the corrugated pad (17) to extend, and cooperate with the left connecting plate (16) to seal the top of the fermentation box (1); S3: Start the second motor (9) to drive the stirring shaft (6), stirring rod (7) and turning rod (8) to rotate, and regularly stir and turn the chicken manure and fermentation bacteria particles. The dissolution layer (19) of the fermentation bacteria particles dissolves in sequence, and the bacterial layer (20) is released in stages to rebuild the dominant bacterial community at different fermentation stages. S4: The leachate produced during fermentation is collected at the bottom of the fermentation tank (1) and flows into the drain pipe (10). After being filtered by the filter screen (13), it flows into the guide pipe (11) and is then collected and treated through the outlet pipe (12). S5: After fermentation is completed, the corrugated pad (17) is driven to shrink by the electric slide rail (14), the top of the fermentation box (1) is opened, the first motor (4) is started to drive the fermentation box (1) to rotate around the shaft (5) and discharge the decomposed organic fertilizer to complete the fermentation.

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