Long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current supply system and control method

Abstract

The application discloses a long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system and a control method, and relates to the technical field of neutral beam injection and plasma ion source power supply. The system comprises an ion source body, a grouped power supply array and a central control unit. The ion source body is internally provided with a filament. The grouped power supply array comprises N groups of power supply units, each group of power supply units comprises an independent filament power supply unit and an arc current power supply unit, and each group of power supply units is connected in parallel to the filament of the ion source body. The central control unit is in communication connection with the filament power supply units and the arc current power supply units of each group, and is configured to control the groups of power supply units to alternately operate, so as to alternately heat and supply power to the filament. According to the application, the same filament is connected in parallel by the multiple groups of power supply units, and the central control unit controls the groups of power supply units to alternately operate, so that the thermal load is balanced to prolong the service life of the filament. Meanwhile, the groups of power supply units are alternately powered, the plasma is continuously extracted, the discharge pulse width is improved, and the long-pulse operation requirement of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of neutral beam injection and plasma ion source power supply technology, specifically to a long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system and control method. Background Technology

[0002] The neutral beam injection system is the core infrastructure for achieving plasma-assisted heating, current-driven operation, and profile control in magnetic confinement fusion devices. Its performance directly determines the potential of the fusion device to achieve high-parameter steady-state operation. In the neutral beam injection system, the ion source, as the core component for generating high-energy ion beams, has its discharge stability, beam quality, and continuous operation capability as key bottlenecks restricting the overall system efficiency.

[0003] Currently, in high-power, long-pulse neutral beam injection applications, thermionic filament ion sources are widely used due to their advantages such as high emission current density and relatively stable operating life. These ion sources rely on thermionic cathodes to emit electrons, which ionize the introduced gas through arc discharge, thereby extracting an ion beam. This process places extremely high demands on the stability of the filament heating current and arc current, dynamic response speed, and continuous power supply capability.

[0004] Existing hot cathode filament ion sources generally employ a configuration where one ion source corresponds to a single filament arc current power supply. This traditional "one source, one power supply" architecture has revealed the following insurmountable drawbacks in long-term engineering practice:

[0005] A single power supply system needs to operate at full load continuously for a long time, which causes the filament to be under extreme high temperature and high current stress for a long time. This results in extremely rapid heat loss, severe material evaporation and aging, and a significant reduction in filament life, making it impossible to meet the stringent requirements of fusion devices for long-term continuous operation.

[0006] Limited by the thermal capacity design of a single power supply, the heat dissipation capacity of power devices, and the physical characteristics of the filament itself, the conventional discharge pulse width is restricted to an extremely short timescale, only about 5 seconds, which cannot meet the requirements of long pulse / quasi-steady-state operation in nuclear fusion. This is seriously inconsistent with the current trend of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion research towards long pulse, quasi-steady-state, and even steady-state operation, greatly limiting the conduct of physical experiments and the improvement of core plasma parameters.

[0007] Furthermore, existing filament power supplies and arc current power supplies mostly employ independent topologies and single open-loop or simple closed-loop control strategies, lacking system-level coordination and optimization. During power supply start-up, shutdown, and discharge, the lack of an effective alternating buffer mechanism makes drastic fluctuations in current and voltage highly susceptible to interruption or extinguishing of plasma generation, severely impacting the stability of ion beam extraction. More critically, existing systems lack fault redundancy and fault tolerance. If the sole power supply unit experiences overcurrent, overvoltage, or overheating failures, the entire ion source will immediately cease operation, forcing the experiment to be interrupted. This vulnerability results in low system availability, making it difficult to support the high reliability and high online rate requirements of future fusion reactor-level devices for neutral beam injection systems.

[0008] Therefore, breaking through the limitations of traditional single-power-supply architecture and solving core technical challenges such as thermal load balancing, long-pulse power supply, and fault redundancy has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention provides a long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system and control method, which solves the technical problems of existing hot cathode filament ion sources using a single power supply for continuous power supply, resulting in concentrated filament heat load, limited lifespan, and inability to achieve stable long-pulse operation.

[0010] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0011] In a first aspect, this application provides a long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system, comprising:

[0012] An ion source body, wherein a filament is provided within the ion source body;

[0013] A grouped power supply array, wherein the grouped power supply array comprises N groups of power supply units, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and each group of power supply units comprises an independent filament power supply unit and an arc current power supply unit, and each group of power supply units is connected in parallel to the filament of the ion source body.

[0014] The central control unit is communicatively connected to the filament power supply unit and the arc current power supply unit of each group.

[0015] The central control unit is configured to control the power supply units of each group to operate alternately in order to alternately heat and supply power to the filament.

[0016] A further optimized solution is that the filament power supply unit includes an AC contactor, a three-phase bridge phase-controlled rectifier module, a first filter capacitor, a second filter capacitor, a single-phase inverter module, a high-frequency isolation transformer, an uncontrolled rectifier, and a third filter capacitor connected in sequence.

[0017] The single-phase inverter module is connected to the central control unit, and the central control unit adjusts the heating power output to the filament by adjusting the switching frequency or duty cycle of the single-phase inverter module.

[0018] A further optimization is that the filament power supply unit also includes a buffer circuit and a reverse diode;

[0019] The buffer circuit is connected in parallel across the switching devices of the single-phase inverter module, and the reverse diode is connected in parallel across the primary winding of the high-frequency isolation transformer.

[0020] A further optimized solution is that the arc current power supply unit includes an uncontrolled rectifier, a fourth filter capacitor, a filter inductor, a multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit, and a control switch connected in sequence.

[0021] The multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit is connected to the central control unit, and the central control unit adjusts the output arc current by controlling the phase shift angle of the multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit.

[0022] A further optimization is that the central control unit is configured to execute the following alternating control logic:

[0023] Obtain the operating parameters of the currently running power unit, including the running time and filament temperature;

[0024] When the running time reaches a preset duration threshold, or the filament temperature reaches a preset temperature threshold, a power switching command is triggered.

[0025] A further optimization is that, in response to the power switching command, the central control unit is configured as follows:

[0026] First, control the currently running power supply unit to smoothly shut down. After a preset delay, control the power supply unit in the next standby state to start running.

[0027] The smooth shutdown process absorbs shutdown spikes through a buffer circuit in the filament power supply unit.

[0028] A further optimization is that the central control unit is also configured to perform the following fault redundancy processing:

[0029] When any of the power supply units experiences an overcurrent or overvoltage fault, the central control unit cuts off the faulty power supply unit and controls the remaining normal power supply units to continue the alternating operation process.

[0030] Secondly, this application provides a method for controlling the arc current of a long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament, applied to the long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system as described above, comprising the following steps:

[0031] After the system is powered on, the central control unit detects the status of each group of power supply units;

[0032] If no fault is detected, the central control unit selects the first power supply unit to start and outputs heating current and arc current to the filament of the ion source body;

[0033] The central control unit monitors the operating parameters of the first group of power supply units in real time.

[0034] A further optimization scheme is that when the running time of the first group of power supply units reaches a preset time threshold, or the filament temperature reaches a preset temperature threshold, the central control unit controls the first group of power supply units to stop outputting.

[0035] After the first power supply unit is completely turned off, the central control unit selects the second power supply unit to start and continues to output heating current and arc current to the filament.

[0036] A further optimization scheme is that, during the alternating operation, if the central control unit detects an abnormal output of any group of power supply units, it controls the abnormal power supply unit to be shut down.

[0037] The central control unit reallocates the remaining normal operating power units to maintain the continuous discharge of the ion source body.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0039] By adopting a structural design in which multiple power supply units are connected in parallel to the same ion source filament, and by using a central control unit to control the alternating operation of each power supply unit, a balanced distribution of filament heat load is achieved, which significantly reduces filament wear and extends service life.

[0040] By alternating heating and power supply strategies, the uninterrupted plasma arc excitation is ensured, and the discharge pulse width is increased to the level of long pulses, meeting the long pulse operation requirements of magnetic confinement nuclear fusion.

[0041] The redundant configuration of multiple independent power supply units effectively improves the overall reliability and experimental continuity of the neutral beam injection system. (See attached figures for details.)

[0042] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0043] Figure 1A block diagram of a long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a circuit topology diagram of a filament power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 The circuit topology diagram of the arc current power supply system provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 A flowchart of the filament arc current alternation control method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names:

[0048] 1. Filament power supply AC contactor; 2. Three-phase bridge phase-controlled rectifier; 3. First filter capacitor; 4. Single-phase inverter; 5. Control unit; 6. Second filter capacitor; 7. IGBT; 8. Transformer; 9. Uncontrolled rectifier; 10. Third filter capacitor; 11. Buffer circuit; 12. Reverse diode; 13. Voltage measurement circuit; 14. Current measurement circuit; 15. Arc current power supply AC power; 16. Uncontrolled rectifier; 17. Fourth filter capacitor; 18. Filter inductor; 19. Multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit; 20. Control switch; 21. Filter circuit; 22. Freewheeling diode; 23. Fifth filter capacitor; 24. Arc current power supply control circuit. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0050] The terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include steps or units not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units inherent to such process, method, product, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used to distinguish different objects, etc., and do not indicate a sequence, nor do they limit "first," "second," and "third" to different types.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments in this application, terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for example" are used as examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "for example," or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary," "for example," or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0052] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or". For example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in the text is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more.

[0053] In some processes described in the embodiments of this application, multiple operations or steps are included in a specific order. However, it should be understood that these operations or steps may not be executed in the order they appear in the embodiments of this application, or they may be executed in parallel. The sequence number of the operation is only used to distinguish different operations, and the sequence number itself does not represent any execution order. In addition, these processes may include more or fewer operations, and these operations or steps may be executed sequentially or in parallel, and these operations or steps may be combined.

[0054] Firstly, such as Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system, including:

[0055] The ion source body contains a filament for emitting electrons. More specifically, the ion source body generates thermionic emission and excites gas ionization by heating the filament, thereby forming and maintaining plasma. Its discharge stability and pulse width directly determine the performance of the neutral beam, and it needs to be powered by the filament power supply and the arc current power supply in concert to achieve continuous and stable plasma generation.

[0056] A grouped power supply array comprises N groups of power supply units, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2. Preferably, N is set to 4 groups, with the load evenly distributed among the four groups to balance system complexity and thermal load distribution. Each group of power supply units includes an independent filament power supply unit and an arc current power supply unit, the circuit topologies of which are shown below. Figure 2 ,like Figure 3As shown, each group of power supply units is connected in parallel to the filament of the ion source body, physically sharing the same load but electrically independent of each other. The value of N can be expanded to more groups of power supply units according to actual application needs, to accommodate higher power or longer pulse operation scenarios.

[0057] A central control unit 5 is communicatively connected to each group of filament power supply units and arc current power supply units. The central control unit 5 is configured to control the alternating operation of each group of power supply units, and its control flow is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, only one power supply unit undertakes the main heating and power supply tasks at any given time, while other units are in standby hot standby state. This enables the alternating heating and power supply of the filament, avoiding overload of a single power supply from a physical architecture perspective.

[0058] Specifically, the system has multiple operating modes to adapt to different working conditions:

[0059] Standby mode: The system powers on but does not output power.

[0060] Self-test mode: The system automatically detects the status of each hardware component after power-on.

[0061] Alternating operation mode is the default working mode. Multiple power supplies start-up-hold-shutdown in a preset sequence, repeating continuously.

[0062] In fault protection mode, a faulty unit is immediately disconnected when it is detected, while the remaining normal units continue to alternate, ensuring uninterrupted discharge.

[0063] This embodiment adopts an architecture in which multiple power supply arrays are connected in parallel to the same ion source filament, and with the help of a multi-mode control strategy, realizes the spatiotemporal distribution of filament heat load, fundamentally solving the problem of heat accumulation caused by continuous operation of a single power supply, and providing a hardware foundation for operation of long pulses at the hundred-second level.

[0064] In one embodiment, the filament power supply unit includes an AC contactor 1, a three-phase bridge phase-controlled rectifier module 2, a first filter capacitor 3, a second filter capacitor 6, a single-phase inverter module 4, a high-frequency isolation transformer 8, an uncontrolled rectifier 9, and a third filter capacitor 10 connected in sequence.

[0065] The AC contactor 1 serves as the system's main input switch, enabling on / off control and safety isolation. The three-phase bridge phase-controlled rectifier module 2 converts three-phase AC power into controllable DC power. The first filter capacitor 3 smooths out the rectified output ripple and improves the stability of the DC bus voltage. The second filter capacitor 6 further filters out inverter output harmonics and optimizes waveform quality. The single-phase inverter module 4 inverts DC power into high-frequency AC power. The high-frequency isolation transformer 8 achieves electrical isolation and voltage matching. The uncontrolled rectifier 9 converts high-frequency AC power into a stable DC heating power supply. The third filter capacitor 10 smooths the output, reducing filament current ripple and minimizing thermal shock.

[0066] Specifically, the filament power supply unit also integrates measurement and feedback circuits. The voltage measurement circuit 13 collects the output voltage in real time and uploads it to the central control unit 5 to achieve closed-loop voltage regulation; the current measurement circuit 14 collects the output current in real time for overcurrent protection and constant current control, ensuring that the filament heating current is stable at the set value and avoiding uneven filament heat load due to current fluctuations.

[0067] The single-phase inverter module 4 is connected to the central control unit 5. The central control unit 5 adjusts the switching frequency or duty cycle of the single-phase inverter module 4 to precisely adjust the heating power output to the filament, thereby achieving closed-loop voltage regulation control.

[0068] This embodiment employs a multi-stage conversion topology of "rectification-inverter-isolation-rectification," combined with precise adjustment of the inverter module by the central control unit and a dual voltage and current feedback mechanism, which significantly improves the stability and control accuracy of the filament heating current and reduces the impact of output ripple on plasma stability.

[0069] In one embodiment, the filament power supply unit further includes a buffer circuit 11 and a reverse diode 12.

[0070] The buffer circuit 11 is connected in parallel across the IGBT7 switching device of the single-phase inverter module 4 to suppress IGBT switching overvoltage, absorb turn-off spikes, and prevent power devices from being damaged by voltage breakdown. The reverse diode 12 is connected in parallel across the primary winding of the high-frequency isolation transformer 8 to provide a freewheeling path for the transformer leakage inductance and prevent the back electromotive force generated when the inductive load is turned off from damaging the circuit.

[0071] With the cooperation of the above components, the filament power supply unit can withstand high-frequency switching stress, thus improving system reliability.

[0072] This embodiment effectively absorbs voltage spikes during switching transients by adding a buffer circuit and a reverse diode to the power circuit, solves the problem of overvoltage during turn-off caused by leakage inductance of the high-frequency isolation transformer, and significantly enhances the durability of the power system under frequent switching conditions.

[0073] In one embodiment, the arc current power supply unit includes an uncontrolled rectifier 16, a fourth filter capacitor 17, a filter inductor 18, a multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit 19, and a control switch 20 connected in sequence.

[0074] Specifically, the arc current power supply unit also includes a freewheeling diode 22, which provides a freewheeling path for the filter inductor of the multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit 19 to prevent switching overvoltage. In addition, the arc current power supply unit also includes an arc current power supply control circuit 24, used to receive instructions from the central control unit 5, drive power devices, and achieve constant current control and fault detection.

[0075] The multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit 19 is composed of multiple BUCK units operating in phase-shifting mode, which reduces the output current ripple through phase interleaving. The multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit 19 is connected to the central control unit 5, which controls the phase shift angle of the multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit 19 to adjust the amplitude of the output arc current and achieve constant current control.

[0076] The control switch 20 is used to quickly cut off or connect the arc current output during alternating switching, and works with timing control to achieve group rotation.

[0077] This embodiment employs a multi-stage phase-shifted BUCK circuit topology, utilizing the phase-shifted operation principle to cancel out ripple components, resulting in a more stable arc current output. It also improves the dynamic response speed of the power supply, meeting the requirements of plasma discharge for rapid arc current adjustment.

[0078] In one embodiment, the central control unit 5 is configured to perform the following process:

[0079] Obtain the operating parameters of the currently running power unit, including the running time and filament temperature (collected by a temperature sensor).

[0080] The central control unit 5 has preset time thresholds Ts and temperature thresholds T0. Specifically, the time threshold Ts is set to 25 seconds, and the temperature threshold T0 is set according to the characteristics of the filament material. The operating time is strictly limited to ≤ threshold T0 and ≤ threshold Ts for a single load. When the operating time reaches the preset time threshold Ts (e.g., 25 seconds), or the filament temperature reaches the preset temperature threshold T0, the central control unit 5 determines that the current unit has reached its heat load limit and triggers a power switching command to prepare for the next round of power supply.

[0081] This embodiment establishes an intelligent heat load management mechanism by introducing dual threshold monitoring of running time and filament temperature, ensuring that the filament always operates within a safe temperature range and avoiding accelerated material evaporation and aging caused by overheating.

[0082] In one embodiment, in response to the power switching command, the central control unit 5 is configured to: first, smoothly shut down the currently operating power unit; specifically, turn off the IGBT 7 and control switch 20, suppress switch overvoltage through buffer circuit 11, and use freewheeling diode 22 to provide a freewheeling path for the inductive load to absorb the shutdown spike; after a preset delay (millisecond level) to ensure that the current is completely zero and there is no residual energy, control the power unit in the next standby state to start operation. This disconnect-then-reconnect, delayed switching method avoids circulating current conflicts between power supplies.

[0083] This embodiment eliminates the current surge and voltage spike during power switching by combining smooth shutdown with delayed start, ensuring that plasma arc excitation is not interrupted throughout the switching process and achieving a truly seamless connection.

[0084] In one embodiment, the central control unit 5 is also configured to perform fault redundancy processing: when any of the power supply units experiences an overcurrent or overvoltage fault, the central control unit allows automatic restart attempts, with a maximum of 5 attempts; if the retry fails or an abnormal output is detected, the power supply is immediately shut down, and the remaining normal power supply units are controlled to continue to perform the alternating operation process.

[0085] Simultaneously, the central control unit 5 recalculates the allocation strategy for the remaining normal power supply units, controlling them to continue executing the alternating operation process. Specifically, the system allows no more than 5 automatic restart attempts in case of a fault; if the retry fails, the faulty unit is permanently locked to prevent repeated restarts from damaging the equipment.

[0086] This embodiment solves the problem of a single point of failure causing the entire system to fail by means of a robust fault redundancy mechanism. Even if some power supply units fail, the system can still maintain degraded operation, which greatly improves the overall availability and experimental continuity of the neutral beam injection system.

[0087] Secondly, this application provides a method for controlling the arc current of a long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament, comprising the following steps:

[0088] After the system is powered on, the central control unit 5 first performs hardware detection, checking the voltage and current sensor status and contactor position of each group of power supply units.

[0089] If no fault is detected, the central control unit 5 selects the first power supply unit to start, closes its AC contactor 1, and sequentially starts the three-phase bridge phase-controlled rectifier 2, the single-phase inverter module 4 and the multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit 19 to output heating current and arc current to the filament of the ion source body.

[0090] During operation, the central control unit 5 monitors the operating parameters of the first group of power supply units in real time, including collecting output voltage, current and filament temperature data.

[0091] This embodiment ensures the safety and controllability of the system's initial state through a standardized power-on self-test and startup process, laying a solid foundation for the subsequent stable operation of long pulses.

[0092] In one embodiment, when the operating time of the first power supply unit reaches a preset duration threshold Ts (e.g., 25 seconds), or the filament temperature reaches a preset temperature threshold T0, the central control unit 5 controls the first power supply unit to stop outputting, that is, to shut off its arc current and filament heating current.

[0093] After confirming that the first power supply unit is completely shut off and has no residual energy, the central control unit 5 selects the second power supply unit to start, and continues to output heating current and arc current to the filament. This cycle repeats until a shutdown command is received.

[0094] This embodiment achieves uniform distribution of filament heat load through a strict timing or temperature switching strategy, resulting in consistent wear of each power supply unit and effectively delaying the overall service life of the filament.

[0095] In one embodiment, during alternating operation, if the central control unit 5 detects an abnormal output (such as overcurrent or short circuit) in any of the power supply units, it immediately controls the abnormal power supply unit to shut down to prevent the fault from escalating. Subsequently, the central control unit 5 reallocates the remaining normally operating power supply units, adjusts the alternation sequence, and maintains the continuous discharge of the ion source body. Specifically, if one of the four power supply units fails, the remaining three continue to rotate according to the predetermined logic. Although the working time of a single unit may increase slightly, the discharge is guaranteed to be uninterrupted.

[0096] This embodiment demonstrates the system's strong fault tolerance by dynamically adjusting the power distribution strategy during operation, ensuring that core functions are maintained even when some equipment malfunctions, thus meeting the stringent requirements of nuclear fusion experiments for high device reliability.

[0097] In one embodiment, upon receiving a shutdown command, the central control unit 5 sequentially shuts off each power supply, strictly adhering to the principle of shutting off the arc current before shutting off the filament, to prevent unstable plasma extinction; specifically, the principle of shutting off the arc current before shutting off the filament is as follows:

[0098] The multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit 19 gradually reduces the output current, so that the arc current is smoothly reduced to zero; after confirming that the arc current is completely cut off, the filament heating current is then turned off, and the AC contactor 1 and AC power supply 15 are disconnected, the system is completely powered off, and the shutdown is completed.

[0099] This embodiment avoids the thermal shock to the filament caused by sudden power outages through an orderly shutdown process, further protecting the core components and extending the overall service life of the equipment.

[0100] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a readable storage medium.

[0101] The present application stores a long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply program on a readable storage medium, wherein when the long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply program is executed by a processor, the steps of the long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply method as described above are implemented.

[0102] The method implemented when the long pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply program is executed can be referred to in various embodiments of the long pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply method of this application, and will not be repeated here.

[0103] It should be noted that the sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0104] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system, characterized in that, include: An ion source body, wherein a filament is provided within the ion source body; A grouped power supply array, wherein the grouped power supply array comprises N groups of power supply units, where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, and each group of power supply units comprises an independent filament power supply unit and an arc current power supply unit, and each group of power supply units is connected in parallel to the filament of the ion source body. The central control unit is communicatively connected to the filament power supply units and the arc current power supply units of each group, and is configured to control the power supply units of each group to operate alternately to heat and supply power to the filaments in turn.

2. The long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filament power supply unit includes an AC contactor, a three-phase bridge phase-controlled rectifier module, a first filter capacitor, a second filter capacitor, a single-phase inverter module, a high-frequency isolation transformer, an uncontrolled rectifier, and a third filter capacitor connected in sequence. The single-phase inverter module is connected to the central control unit, and the central control unit adjusts the heating power output to the filament by adjusting the switching frequency or duty cycle of the single-phase inverter module.

3. The long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filament power supply unit also includes a buffer circuit and a reverse diode; The buffer circuit is connected in parallel across the switching devices of the single-phase inverter module, and the reverse diode is connected in parallel across the primary winding of the high-frequency isolation transformer.

4. The long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The arc current power supply unit includes an uncontrolled rectifier, a fourth filter capacitor, a filter inductor, a multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit, and a control switch connected in sequence. The multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit is connected to the central control unit, and the central control unit adjusts the output arc current by controlling the phase shift angle of the multi-stage phase-shifting BUCK circuit.

5. The long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control unit is configured to execute the following alternating control logic: Obtain the operating parameters of the currently running power unit, including the running time and filament temperature; When the running time reaches a preset duration threshold, or the filament temperature reaches a preset temperature threshold, a power switching command is triggered.

6. The long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that, In response to the power switching command, the central control unit is configured to: First, the currently running power supply unit is smoothly shut down. After a preset delay, the power supply unit in the next standby state is started. The smooth shutdown process absorbs shutdown spikes through the buffer circuit in the filament power supply unit.

7. The long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central control unit is also configured to perform the following fault redundancy handling: When any of the power supply units experiences an overcurrent or overvoltage fault, the central control unit cuts off the faulty power supply unit and controls the remaining normal power supply units to continue the alternating operation process.

8. A method for controlling the arc current of a long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament, applied to the long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament arc current power supply system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: After the system is powered on, the central control unit detects the status of each group of power supply units; If no fault is detected, the central control unit selects the first power supply unit to start and outputs heating current and arc current to the filament of the ion source body; The central control unit monitors the operating parameters of the first group of power supply units in real time.

9. The method for controlling the arc current of a long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament according to claim 8, characterized in that, When the operating time of the first group of power supply units reaches a preset time threshold, or the filament temperature reaches a preset temperature threshold, the central control unit controls the first group of power supply units to stop outputting. After the first power supply unit is completely turned off, the central control unit selects the second power supply unit to start and continues to output heating current and arc current to the filament.

10. The method for controlling the arc current of a long-pulse neutral beam ion source filament according to claim 8, characterized in that, During alternating operation, if the central control unit detects an abnormal output of any of the power supply units, it controls the abnormal power supply unit to be shut down; the central control unit then redistributes the remaining normally operating power supply units to maintain the continuous discharge of the ion source body.

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