Refining method of camellia oil

Abstract

This invention discloses a refining method for camellia oil, belonging to the field of camellia oil refining technology. It includes deacidification, washing, decolorization, deodorization, and dewaxing processes. During initial filtration, the discharge valve, inlet valve, and turbid oil valve are opened, and the camellia oil is sent to the decolorization reactor. Observing the sight glass of the discharge pipe, if the camellia oil is clear and the color meets the requirements, the turbid oil valve is closed, and the clear oil valve is opened. At this time, the detection valve and reflux valve are opened, and the qualified product output valve is closed, sending the camellia oil to a vertical blade filter. After a first predetermined time, the reflux valve is closed. The liquid level in the detection tank rises, and sampling is performed from the detection tank. After sampling, the reflux valve is opened. If the test is qualified, the qualified product output valve is opened, the detection valve is closed, and the camellia oil is sent to a storage tank. After the camellia oil in the detection tank is drained, the reflux valve is closed. The decolorization effect is judged based on the observation results of the pipe sight glass. If it does not meet the standard, it is sent back to the decolorization reactor for further decolorization. During initial filtration, sampling is performed; if qualified, it is output to the storage tank.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of camellia oil refining technology, and specifically relates to a refining method for camellia oil. Background Technology

[0002] Camellia oil (also known as wild camellia oil, tea seed oil, or oil-tea seed oil) is extracted from the seeds of the camellia tree (Camellia oleifera), a plant belonging to the Theaceae family. The preparation of camellia oil mainly involves three processes: seed processing, oil extraction, and refining. The refining process includes steps such as deacidification, degumming, decolorization, and deodorization. For example, patent application number CN201810553908.3 discloses a refining method for pressed tea seed oil, including the following steps: 301 Deacidification: Crude oil is reacted with sodium hydroxide at 80-85℃ for 15-30 minutes. The amount of sodium hydroxide is converted to 1.05-1.35 times the acid value of the crude oil, and then sent to step 302; 302 Water washing: The crude oil is washed with brine at 90-100℃. The amount of brine is 8-15% of the crude oil mass. The mixture is stirred and reacted at 90-95℃ for 5-20 minutes, then allowed to stand for 2-5 hours. The oil layer is then collected and sent to step 303; 303 Decolorization: Activated carbon of 1-3% of the crude oil weight is added at 110-125℃. The mixture is reacted for 20-60 minutes and then filtered. The filtrate is sent to step 304; 304 Deodorization: The crude oil is deodorized at -0.05 to -0.2 MPa and 220-250℃ for 3-8 hours.

[0003] In the refining process, structures such as decolorizing reactors and vertical blade filters are commonly used. For example, patent application number CN202120162365.X discloses a tea seed oil refining system, including a frame, a filtration device, and deacidification reactors, washing reactors, decolorizing reactors, and deodorizing reactors on the frame. Each of the deacidification reactor, washing reactor, decolorizing reactor, and deodorizing reactor is equipped with a heating jacket. The system also includes a vacuum structure, a waste liquid tank, a cooling tank, an activated carbon storage tank, an alkali storage tank above the deacidification reactor for adding alkali, a brine storage tank above the washing reactor for adding brine, a steam generating structure on the frame, and a gas-liquid separator on the frame. The tops of the washing reactor, decolorizing reactor, and deodorizing reactor are all connected to the inlet of the gas-liquid separator via pipelines with valve groups. The exhaust port of the gas-liquid separator is connected to… The waste liquid tank is located directly below the deacidification reactor and the water washing reactor to receive the soap solution discharged from the bottom of the deacidification reactor and the water discharged from the bottom of the water washing reactor. The cooling tank is located directly below the deodorization reactor to receive the essential oil discharged from the bottom of the deodorization reactor. The lower parts of the deacidification reactor and the lower parts of the water washing reactor are connected by a connecting pipe with a valve assembly. The connecting pipe is connected to the feed inlet at the top of the decolorization reactor through a pipeline with a delivery pump and valves. The steam generating structure is connected to each heating jacket through a pipeline with a valve assembly and flows into the alkali storage tank and the brine storage tank. The discharge port at the bottom of the decolorization reactor is connected to the feed inlet of the deodorization reactor through a pipeline with a pressure pump, a filter device and an intermediate oil tank. The lower part of the decolorization reactor is connected to the activated carbon storage tank through a flexible hose with a valve.

[0004] During actual production, the applicant discovered that the decolorization process might not be able to decolorize the camellia oil to transparency, potentially requiring a second decolorization or an extended decolorization time. Furthermore, the vertical leaf filter might not be able to filter the camellia oil completely in one pass, necessitating a second filtration. Additionally, the vertical leaf filter's filtration process is complex, requiring multiple filtration cycles, and the initial filtration in each cycle is typically ineffective. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this problem, this invention provides a method for refining camellia oil. The method involves determining whether the decolorization effect meets the standard based on observations through a pipe sight glass. If not, the oil is sent to a decolorization reactor for further decolorization. During initial filtration and the filtration process, samples are taken from a testing tank. Once the samples pass the test, the oil can be normally output to the storage tank. The technical solution is as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a method for refining camellia oil, including deacidification, washing, decolorization, deodorization, and dewaxing processes. In the decolorization process, a vertical blade filter is used for filtration. During initial filtration, the discharge valve, oil inlet valve, and turbid oil valve are open, while the feed exhaust valve, pressure reducing valve, discharge exhaust valve, clear oil valve, vent valve, compressed air valve, and steam valve are closed. The camellia oil is then fed to the decolorization reactor. Observing the sight glass of the discharge pipe, if the camellia oil is clear and its color meets requirements, the turbid oil valve is closed, and the clear oil valve is opened. At this time, the detection valve and reflux valve are open, and the qualified product output valve is closed. The camellia oil flows sequentially through the detection tank and the vertical blade filter. After a first predetermined time, the reflux valve closes. The liquid level in the detection tank rises, and sampling is performed from the detection tank. After sampling, the reflux valve opens. If the test is qualified, the qualified product output valve opens, the detection valve closes, and the camellia oil is sent to the storage tank. After the camellia oil in the detection tank is drained, the reflux valve closes.

[0007] The refining method for camellia oil provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: S1 Deacidification: In a deacidification reactor, crude oil is reacted with sodium hydroxide at 80-85°C for 15-30 minutes. The amount of sodium hydroxide used is equivalent to 1.05-1.35 times the acid value of the crude oil. The mixture is then sent to step S2; S2 Water Washing: In a water washing reactor, brine at 90-100°C is used for washing. The amount of brine used is 8-15% of the crude oil mass. The mixture is stirred and reacted at 90-95°C for 5-20 minutes, then allowed to stand for 2-5 hours. The oil layer is then collected and sent to step S3; S3 Decolorization: In a decolorization reactor, at 110-125℃, add 1-3% activated carbon by weight of crude oil. After reacting for 20-60 minutes, send the solution to a vertical blade filter for filtration. The filtrate is then sent to step S4. S4 Deodorization: In a deodorization reactor, deodorize for 3-8 hours at -0.05 to -0.2 MPa and 220-250℃. After deodorization, send the solution to step S5. S5 Dewaxing: In a dewaxing reactor, winterize and dewax at -2 to -8℃ for 36-55 hours. After dewaxing, send the solution to a filter press for filtration to obtain refined camellia oil.

[0008] In this embodiment of the invention, the discharge port at the bottom of the decolorization reactor is equipped with a discharge valve and is connected to the inlet of the pump; the inlet of the vertical blade filter is connected to a sight glass in the feed pipe via a pipeline, and the other end of the sight glass is connected to an oil inlet pipe, a feed exhaust pipe, and a pressure reducing pipe, respectively. The oil inlet pipe is equipped with an oil inlet valve and is connected to the outlet of the pump; the feed exhaust pipe is equipped with a feed exhaust valve and is connected to a gas-liquid separator; the pressure reducing pipe is equipped with a pressure reducing valve and is connected to the inlet of the decolorization reactor; the discharge port of the vertical blade filter is connected to a sight glass in the discharge pipe via a pipeline, and the other end of the sight glass is connected to a turbid oil pipe, a discharge exhaust pipe, and a clean oil pipe, respectively. The turbid oil pipe is equipped with a turbid oil valve and is connected to the inlet of the decolorization reactor; the discharge exhaust pipe is equipped with a discharge exhaust valve and is connected to a gas-liquid separator. The separator is connected as follows: the air inlet of the vertical blade filter is connected to the air inlet pipe sight glass via a pipeline, and the other end of the air inlet pipe sight glass is connected to the vent pipeline, the compressed air pipeline, and the steam pipeline respectively. The vent pipeline is equipped with a vent valve and is connected to the feed inlet of the decolorization reactor. The compressed air pipeline is equipped with a compressed air valve and is connected to the compressed air supply device. The steam pipeline is equipped with a steam valve and is connected to the steam generator. The clean oil pipeline is equipped with a clean oil valve and has two outputs, namely a detection pipeline and a qualified oil pipeline. The qualified oil pipeline is equipped with a qualified product output valve and is connected to the feed inlet of the storage tank. The detection pipeline is equipped with a detection valve and is connected to the feed inlet of the detection tank. The discharge outlet of the detection tank is connected to the pump inlet via a return pipeline with a return valve. The discharge outlet of the storage tank is connected to the deodorization reactor via a pipeline.

[0009] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, the oil inlet valve, feed exhaust valve, pressure reducing valve, turbid oil valve, discharge exhaust valve, clean oil valve, vent valve, compressed air valve, and steam valve are arranged side by side vertically and sequentially from bottom to top; the feed pipe sight glass, discharge pipe sight glass, and air inlet pipe sight glass are arranged side by side vertically and sequentially from bottom to top, with a lighting structure on the side away from the observation surface; the lighting structure includes a vertically arranged fixed plate, three light sources arranged side by side vertically on the fixed plate, and a power switch on the fixed plate. The power switch is used to simultaneously control the three light sources and is located on the side of the fixed plate away from the pipe sight glass. The fixed plate is located on the side of the pipe sight glass away from the observation surface and is a white plate. The three light sources are respectively positioned facing the three pipe sight glasses and are all electrically connected to the power switch.

[0010] The working process of the vertical blade filter in this embodiment of the invention is as follows: S301 Pre-charging: Open the discharge valve, vent valve, and oil inlet valve, and start the pump; observe the sight glass of the air inlet pipe. If there is liquid flow in the sight glass of the air inlet pipe, proceed to step S302; S302 Pre-coating: Open the turbid oil valve, close the vent valve, observe the sight glass of the discharge pipe, and when the filtrate is clear and the color meets the requirements, proceed to step S303; S303 Filtration: Open the clear oil valve and simultaneously close the turbid oil valve. When the pressure reaches the predetermined pressure, proceed to step S304; S304 Pressurizing: First close the discharge valve, pump, and oil inlet valve, then open the compressed air valve, and then open the pressure reducing valve. Valve; observe the sight glass of the discharge pipe until only a small amount of liquid flows through the sight glass, then close the oil cleaning valve; observe the sight glass of the feed pipe until air flows through the sight glass, then proceed to step S305; S305 Drying: close the pressure reducing valve and the compressed air valve, open the feed exhaust valve, the discharge exhaust valve and the steam valve, and after the second predetermined time of steam drying, proceed to step S306; S306 Slag Discharge: close the steam valve, the feed exhaust valve and the discharge exhaust valve, first open the vent valve, and after reaching atmospheric pressure, open the slag discharge valve at the bottom of the vertical blade filter to discharge slag. After slag discharge is completed, close the vent valve and the slag discharge valve; repeat steps S301-S306.

[0011] In this embodiment of the invention, the first predetermined time is 1-10 minutes, the second predetermined time is 10-25 minutes, the predetermined pressure is 0.35-0.45 MPa, the pressure of the compressed air supplied by the compressed air supply device is 0.2-0.4 MPa, and the pressure of the steam supplied by the steam generator is 0.3-0.4 MPa.

[0012] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, a rectangular box is provided next to the decolorization reaction vessel. The rectangular box is divided into a detection tank and a storage tank by a partition. The volume of the storage tank is larger than that of the detection tank. The top of the rectangular box is provided with two sampling ports, which are located directly above the detection tank and the storage tank, respectively, and each of them is provided with a box cover.

[0013] In this embodiment of the invention, the deacidification reactor, water washing reactor, decolorization reactor, deodorization reactor, steam generator, and dewaxing reactor are arranged sequentially from front to back on a frame and side by side. The decolorization reactor and deodorization reactor are both connected to a vacuum structure. The steam generator, deacidification reactor, water washing reactor, decolorization reactor, and deodorization reactor are all connected to a heat transfer oil heating structure via pipelines. The heating jacket of the dewaxing reactor is connected to an ice-salt water supply structure via pipelines. An alkali storage tank and a brine storage tank are respectively provided above the deacidification reactor and the water washing reactor. The discharge ports at the bottom of the alkali storage tank and the brine storage tank are respectively connected to the top of the deacidification reactor and the water washing reactor via liquid addition pipes. The steam generator is connected to the steam inlet of the heater in the brine storage tank, the steam inlet of the deodorization reactor, and the steam pipeline.

[0014] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the invention, the deacidification reactor and the water washing reactor are arranged adjacent to each other, with a liquid addition tank above them; the liquid addition tank is arranged in a front-to-back direction, and a partition is provided in the middle to divide it into an alkaline storage tank and a brine storage tank arranged side by side; the brine storage tank is equipped with a steam heater and a thermometer, and the condensate outlet of the steam heater is located at the lower part of the brine storage tank and is connected to the top of the water washing reactor through a condensate pipe.

[0015] Specifically, in this embodiment of the invention, there is one deacidification reactor, one water washing reactor, one decolorization reactor, and one deodorization reactor; there are two dewaxing reactors arranged side by side; the deodorization reactor outputs two lines to the two dewaxing reactors; the heat transfer oil heating structure and the ice-salt water supply structure are both located on the ground and on the left or right side of the frame; the vertical blade filter, the rectangular box, and the filter press are all located on the ground, on the side of the frame away from the heat transfer oil heating structure, arranged from front to back... The following configuration is provided: the liquid addition tank is located above the side of the deacidification reactor near the heat transfer oil heating structure; the detection tank is located at a corner of the front of the rectangular box away from the heat transfer oil heating structure; the inlet pipe sight glass, outlet pipe sight glass, and inlet pipe sight glass are all straight sight glasses arranged in the front-to-back direction, with the side away from the heat transfer oil heating structure serving as the observation surface; the oil inlet pipe, inlet exhaust pipe, pressure reducing pipe, turbid oil pipe, outlet exhaust pipe, clean oil pipe, venting pipe, compressed air pipe, and steam pipe are all arranged in the front-to-back direction and are arranged side by side vertically.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the technical solution provided by this invention are as follows: This invention provides a refining method for camellia oil. The decolorization effect is determined based on observations through a pipe sight glass. If it does not meet the standard, the oil is sent to a decolorization reactor for further decolorization. During initial filtration and the filtration process, samples are taken from a testing tank. If the samples are not qualified, they are sent to a vertical blade filter for further filtration or the filtration parameters are adjusted until they meet the standard, at which point the oil can be normally output to the storage tank. The camellia oil remaining in the testing tank can be further filtered. This method is simple to control and ensures that the decolorized camellia oil meets the requirements (color and solid content, etc.). Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the refining system for camellia oil in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of vertical blade filter, control valve, pipeline sight glass, inspection tank and storage tank; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a combination of a vertical blade filter, control valves, pipe sight glasses, inspection tanks, and storage tanks; Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the refining method of camellia oil according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the working process of a vertical blade filter.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Decolorization reactor, 2. Vertical blade filter, 3. Pump, 4. Detection tank, 5. Storage tank, 6. Gas-liquid separator, 7. Lighting structure; 11 Sight glass for feed pipe; 12 Sight glass for discharge pipe; 13 Sight glass for air inlet pipe; 21 Oil inlet pipeline, 22 Feed exhaust pipeline, 23 Pressure reducing pipeline, 24 Turbid oil pipeline, 25 Discharge exhaust pipeline, 26 Clean oil pipeline, 27 Vent pipeline, 28 Compressed air pipeline, 29 Steam pipeline; 31 Oil inlet valve, 32 Feed vent valve, 33 Pressure reducing valve, 34 Turbid oil valve, 35 Discharge vent valve, 36 Clean oil valve, 37 Vent valve, 38 Compressed air valve, 39 Steam valve; 41 Inspection pipeline, 42 Qualified oil pipeline, 43 Return pipeline; 51 Detection valve, 52 Qualified product output valve, 53 Reflux valve, 54 Discharge valve. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Example 1 See Figure 4 Example 1 provides a method for refining camellia oil, the method comprising: S1 Deacidification: In the deacidification reactor, the crude oil is reacted with sodium hydroxide at 80-85℃ for 15-30 minutes. The amount of sodium hydroxide used is converted to 1.05-1.35 times the acid value of the crude oil. Then it is sent to step S2.

[0021] S2 Water Washing: In the water washing reactor, use brine at 90-100℃ for washing. The amount of brine is 8-15% of the crude oil mass. Stir and react at 90-95℃ for 5-20 minutes, let stand for 2-5 hours, and then take the oil layer to step S3.

[0022] S3 Decolorization: In the decolorization reactor 1, at 110-125℃, add 1-3% activated carbon by weight of crude oil. After reacting for 20-60 minutes, send it to the vertical blade filter 2 for filtration. The filtrate is then sent to step S4.

[0023] S4 Deodorization: In a deodorization reactor, deodorize for 3-8 hours at -0.05 to -0.2 MPa and 220-250℃. After deodorization is completed, proceed to step S5.

[0024] S5 Dewaxing: In a dewaxing reactor, winterization dewaxing is carried out at -2 to -8℃ for 36-55 hours. After dewaxing, the product is sent to a filter press for filtration to obtain refined camellia oil.

[0025] The processes of steps S1-S4 are similar to those in patent CN201810553908.3.

[0026] In step S3, the filtering process is controlled as follows: During initial filtration (each filtration cycle), the discharge valve 54, oil inlet valve 31, and turbid oil valve 34 are open, while the feed exhaust valve 32, pressure reducing valve 33, discharge exhaust valve 35, clean oil valve 36, vent valve 37, compressed air valve 38, and steam valve 39 are closed. The camellia oil is then sent to the decolorization reactor 1. Observing the sight glass 12 of the discharge pipe, if the camellia oil is clear and the color meets the requirements, the turbid oil valve 34 is closed, and the clean oil valve 36 is opened. At this time, the detection valve 51 and reflux valve 53 are opened, and the qualified product output valve 52 is closed. The camellia oil flows sequentially through the detection tank 4 and the vertical leaf filter 2. After the first predetermined time (specifically 1-10 minutes), the reflux valve 53 is closed. The liquid level in the detection tank 4 rises to a suitable sampling height, and manual sampling and testing are performed from the detection tank 4. After sampling is completed, the reflux valve 53 is opened, and the camellia oil is sent to the vertical leaf filter 2. If the test is passed, the qualified product output valve 52 opens, the test valve 51 closes, and the camellia oil is sent to the storage tank 5. After the camellia oil in the test tank 4 is drained, the return valve 53 closes.

[0027] Among them, see Figure 5 The working process of the vertical blade filter 2 is as follows: S301 Pre-filling: Before filtration, the oil inlet valve 31, feed exhaust valve 32, pressure reducing valve 33, turbid oil valve 34, discharge exhaust valve 35, clean oil valve 36, vent valve 37, compressed air valve 38, steam valve 39, and discharge valve 54 are all closed. When filtration begins, the discharge valve 54, vent valve 37, and oil inlet valve 31 are opened, and pump 3 is started. Observe the sight glass 13 of the air inlet pipe. If there is liquid flowing in the sight glass 13 of the air inlet pipe, then the camellia oil basically fills the filtration space in the vertical blade filter 2, and then proceed to step S302.

[0028] S302 Pre-coating: Open the turbid oil valve 34, close the drain valve 37, observe the sight glass 12 of the discharge pipe, and when the filtrate is clear and the color meets the requirements, proceed to step S303.

[0029] S303 Filtration: Open the clean oil valve 36 and close the turbid oil valve 34 at the same time. When the pressure reaches the predetermined pressure (specifically 0.35-0.45 MPa), the filtration is complete, and then proceed to step S304.

[0030] S304 Pressing: First, close the discharge valve 54, pump 3, and oil inlet valve 31. Then, open the compressed air valve 38 (using compressed air for pressing), and then open the pressure reducing valve 33. Observe the discharge pipe sight glass 12 until only a small amount of liquid flows through it (do not leave it completely dry to avoid the filter cake falling off). Then, close the cleaning oil valve 36. Observe the feed pipe sight glass 11 until air flows through it. Pressing is then complete. Proceed to step S305.

[0031] S305 Drying: Close the pressure reducing valve 33 and the compressed air valve 38, open the feed exhaust valve 32, the discharge exhaust valve 35 and the steam valve 39, and steam dry for the second predetermined time (specifically 10-25 minutes), then proceed to step S306.

[0032] S306 Slag Discharge: Close steam valve 39, feed exhaust valve 32 and discharge exhaust valve 35. First open vent valve 37. After reaching atmospheric pressure, open the slag discharge valve at the bottom of the vertical blade filter 2 to discharge slag. After slag discharge is completed, close vent valve 37 and slag discharge valve.

[0033] Repeat steps S301-S306.

[0034] The compressed air supplied by the compressed air supply device has a pressure of 0.2-0.4 MPa, and the steam supplied by the steam generator has a pressure of 0.3-0.4 MPa.

[0035] The deacidification reactor, water washing reactor, decolorization reactor 1, deodorization reactor, steam generator, and dewaxing reactor are arranged sequentially on the frame from front to back, side by side. Specifically, due to the long dewaxing time, there is one deacidification reactor, one water washing reactor, one decolorization reactor 1, and one deodorization reactor, and two dewaxing reactors arranged side by side. The deodorization reactor outputs two lines to the two dewaxing reactors.

[0036] Among them, the decolorization reactor 1 and the deodorization reactor are connected to the vacuum structure through pipelines. The steam generator, the deacidification reactor (heating jacket), the water washing reactor (heating jacket), the decolorization reactor 1 (heating jacket) and the deodorization reactor (heating jacket) are all connected to the heat transfer oil heating structure through pipelines. The heating jacket of the dewaxing reactor is connected to the ice-salt water supply structure through pipelines.

[0037] The deacidification reactor and the water washing reactor are respectively equipped with an alkali storage tank (for outputting sodium hydroxide solution) and a brine storage tank (for outputting hot brine at 90-100℃) directly above them. The discharge ports at the bottom of the alkali storage tank and the brine storage tank are connected to the top of the deacidification reactor and the water washing reactor through liquid addition pipes (vertically downward set with valves on them).

[0038] The steam generator is connected to the steam inlet of the heater in the brine storage tank, the steam inlet of the deodorization reactor, and steam pipeline 29 via pipelines.

[0039] The decolorizing reactor 1 has a discharge valve 54 at the bottom outlet, which is connected to the inlet of the pump 3 via a pipeline.

[0040] The feed inlet (located in the middle) of the vertical blade filter 2 is connected to the feed pipe sight glass 11 via a pipeline. The other end of the feed pipe sight glass 11 is connected to the oil inlet pipeline 21, the feed exhaust pipeline 22, and the pressure reducing pipeline 23, respectively. The oil inlet pipeline 21 is equipped with an oil inlet valve 31, which is connected to the outlet of the pump 3. The feed exhaust pipeline 22 is equipped with a feed exhaust valve 32, which is connected to the gas-liquid separator 6. The pressure reducing pipeline 23 is equipped with a pressure reducing valve 33, which is connected to the feed inlet of the decolorization reactor 1. Normally, one of the oil inlet valve 31, the feed exhaust valve 32, and the pressure reducing valve 33 is open.

[0041] The discharge port (located in the lower middle part) of the vertical blade filter 2 is connected to the discharge pipe sight glass 12 via a pipeline. The other end of the discharge pipe sight glass 12 is connected to the turbid oil pipeline 24, the discharge exhaust pipeline 25, and the clean oil pipeline 26, respectively. The turbid oil pipeline 24 is equipped with a turbid oil valve 34, which is connected to the inlet of the decolorization reactor 1. The discharge exhaust pipeline 25 is equipped with a discharge exhaust valve 35, which is connected to the gas-liquid separator 6. The clean oil pipeline 26 is equipped with a clean oil valve 36, which has two outputs: a detection pipeline 41 and a qualified oil pipeline 42. Normally, only one of the turbid oil valve 34, the discharge exhaust valve 35, and the clean oil valve 36 is open. The qualified oil pipeline 42 is equipped with a qualified product output valve 52, which is connected to the inlet of the storage tank 5. The detection pipeline 41 is equipped with a detection valve 51, which is connected to the inlet of the detection tank 4. Normally, only one of the detection valve 51 and the qualified product output valve 52 is open. The discharge port of the testing tank 4 is connected to the inlet of the pump 3 through the return pipe 43 with the return valve 53, and the discharge port of the storage tank 5 is connected to the deodorization reactor through the pipe.

[0042] The vertical blade filter 2 has an air inlet (located at the top) connected to an air inlet pipe sight glass 13 via a pipeline. The other end of the air inlet pipe sight glass 13 is connected to an exhaust pipe 27, a compressed air pipe 28, and a steam pipe 29, respectively. The exhaust pipe 27 is equipped with an exhaust valve 37, which is connected to the feed inlet of the decolorization reactor 1. The compressed air pipe 28 is equipped with a compressed air valve 38, which is connected to a compressed air supply device. The steam pipe 29 is equipped with a steam valve 39, which is connected to a steam generator. Normally, one of the exhaust valve 37, the compressed air valve 38, and the steam valve 39 is open.

[0043] Example 2 See Figure 3 Example 2 provides a method for refining camellia oil. An oil inlet valve 31, a feed exhaust valve 32, a pressure reducing valve 33, a turbid oil valve 34, a discharge exhaust valve 35, a clean oil valve 36, a vent valve 37, a compressed air valve 38, and a steam valve 39 are arranged side-by-side, sequentially from bottom to top. A feed pipe sight glass 11, a discharge pipe sight glass 12, and an air inlet pipe sight glass 13 are arranged side-by-side, sequentially from bottom to top, with a lighting structure 7 on the side furthest from the observation surface (left or right side).

[0044] The lighting structure 7 includes a mounting plate, a power switch, and three light sources. The mounting plate is vertically positioned on the side of the pipe sight glass furthest from the observation surface (left or right), and is a white, suspended plate. The three light sources are arranged side-by-side on the mounting plate, each facing one of the three pipe sight glasses. They are all electrically connected to the power switch and are specifically recessed lights positioned along a left-right axis, on the left or right side of the corresponding pipe sight glass (specifically, the side closest to the heat transfer oil heating structure). The power switch controls all three light sources simultaneously and is located on the side of the mounting plate furthest from the pipe sight glasses (left or right), at a height convenient for operation.

[0045] Example 3 See Figure 3 Example 3 provides a method for refining camellia oil. A rectangular box is provided next to the decolorizing reactor 1. The rectangular box is divided into a testing tank 4 and a storage tank 5 by a partition (specifically an L-shaped plate). Specifically, the rectangular box is a rectangular box arranged in the front-to-back direction. The volume of the storage tank 5 is larger than the volume of the testing tank 4, specifically, the volume of the storage tank 5 is more than five times the volume of the testing tank 4. The size of the testing tank 4 should be convenient for sampling. The top of the rectangular box is provided with two sampling ports, which are located directly above the testing tank 4 and the storage tank 5, respectively, and each port is covered with a lid. The deacidification reactor and the water washing reactor are arranged adjacent to each other, with a liquid addition tank above them. The liquid addition tank is arranged in the front-to-back direction (specifically, a rectangular tank), and a partition (specifically, arranged in the left-to-right direction) is provided in the middle to divide it into an alkali storage tank and a brine storage tank arranged side by side. The brine storage tank is provided with a steam heater and a thermometer, etc. The condensate outlet of the steam heater is located at the bottom of the brine storage tank and is connected to the top of the water washing reactor through a condensate pipe.

[0046] Example 4 See Figure 3 Example 4 provides a method for refining camellia oil. The heat transfer oil heating structure and the ice-salt water supply structure are both located on the ground and on either the left or right side of the frame. The vertical blade filter 2, the rectangular box, and the filter press are all located on the ground, on the side of the frame 1 furthest from the heat transfer oil heating structure (right or left side), arranged sequentially from front to back. The liquid addition tank is located above the deacidification reactor on the side (left or right) closest to the heat transfer oil heating structure, and the detection tank 4 is located at a corner of the front of the rectangular box furthest from the heat transfer oil heating structure. The feed pipe sight glass 11, the discharge pipe sight glass 12, and the air inlet pipe sight glass 13 are all straight sight glasses arranged in the front-to-back direction, with the side away from the heat transfer oil heating structure (left or right) as the observation surface. The oil inlet pipe 21, the feed exhaust pipe 22, the pressure reducing pipe 23, the turbid oil pipe 24, the discharge exhaust pipe 25, the clean oil pipe 26, the vent pipe 27, the compressed air pipe 28, and the steam pipe 29 are all arranged in the front-to-back direction and are arranged side by side vertically.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A refining method for camellia oil, comprising deacidification, washing, decolorization, deodorization, and dewaxing processes, wherein a vertical blade filter (2) is used for filtration in the decolorization process; characterized in that, During initial filtration, the discharge valve (54), oil inlet valve (31) and turbid oil valve (34) are opened, while the feed exhaust valve (32), pressure reducing valve (33), discharge exhaust valve (35), clean oil valve (36), vent valve (37), compressed air valve (38) and steam valve (39) are closed, and the camellia oil is sent to the decolorization reaction vessel (1). Observe the sight glass (12) of the discharge pipe. If the camellia oil is clear and the color meets the requirements, the turbid oil valve (34) is closed and the clear oil valve (36) is opened. At this time, the detection valve (51) and the return valve (53) are opened, and the qualified product output valve (52) is closed. The camellia oil flows through the detection tank (4) and the vertical blade filter (2) in sequence. After the first predetermined time, the return valve (53) is closed. The liquid level in the detection tank (4) rises and sampling is carried out from the detection tank (4). After the sampling is completed, the return valve (53) is opened. If the test is qualified, the qualified product output valve (52) is opened and the test valve (51) is closed, and the camellia oil is sent to the storage tank (5); after the camellia oil in the test tank (4) is drained, the return valve (53) is closed.

2. The refining method for camellia oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method includes: S1 Deacidification: In the deacidification reactor, the crude oil is reacted with sodium hydroxide at 80-85℃ for 15-30 minutes. The amount of sodium hydroxide used is converted to 1.05-1.35 times the acid value of the crude oil. Then it is sent to step S2. S2 Water Washing: In the water washing reactor, use brine at 90-100℃ to wash the oil. The amount of brine is 8-15% of the crude oil mass. Stir and react at 90-95℃ for 5-20 minutes, let stand for 2-5 hours, and take the oil layer to step S3. S3 Decolorization: In the decolorization reaction vessel (1), at 110-125℃, add 1-3% activated carbon by weight of crude oil. After reacting for 20-60 minutes, send it to the vertical blade filter (2) for filtration. The filtrate is then sent to step S4. S4 Deodorization: In a deodorization reactor, deodorize for 3-8 hours at -0.05 to -0.2 MPa and 220-250℃. After deodorization is completed, proceed to step S5. S5 Dewaxing: In a dewaxing reactor, winterization dewaxing is carried out at -2 to -8℃ for 36-55 hours. After dewaxing, the product is sent to a filter press for filtration to obtain refined camellia oil.

3. The refining method for camellia oil according to claim 2, characterized in that, The decolorizing reactor (1) has a discharge valve (54) at the bottom of the discharge port, which is connected to the inlet of the pump (3); The feed inlet of the vertical blade filter (2) is connected to the feed pipe sight glass (11) through a pipeline. The other end of the feed pipe sight glass (11) is connected to the oil inlet pipeline (21), the feed exhaust pipeline (22) and the pressure reducing pipeline (23) respectively. The oil inlet pipeline (21) is equipped with an oil inlet valve (31) and is connected to the outlet of the pump (3). The feed exhaust pipeline (22) is equipped with a feed exhaust valve (32) and is connected to the gas-liquid separator (6). The pressure reducing pipeline (23) is equipped with a pressure reducing valve (33) and is connected to the feed inlet of the decolorizing reactor (1). The outlet of the vertical blade filter (2) is connected to the outlet pipe sight glass (12) through a pipeline. The other end of the outlet pipe sight glass (12) is connected to the turbid oil pipeline (24), the outlet exhaust pipeline (25) and the clean oil pipeline (26) respectively. The turbid oil pipeline (24) is equipped with a turbid oil valve (34) and is connected to the inlet of the decolorization reactor (1). The outlet exhaust pipeline (25) is equipped with an outlet exhaust valve (35) and is connected to the gas-liquid separator (6). The air inlet of the vertical blade filter (2) is connected to the air inlet pipe sight glass (13) through a pipeline. The other end of the air inlet pipe sight glass (13) is connected to the exhaust pipe (27), the compressed air pipe (28) and the steam pipe (29) respectively. The exhaust pipe (27) is equipped with an exhaust valve (37) and is connected to the feed inlet of the decolorization reactor (1). The compressed air pipe (28) is equipped with a compressed air valve (38) and is connected to the compressed air supply device. The steam pipe (29) is equipped with a steam valve (39) and is connected to the steam generator. The clean oil pipeline (26) is equipped with a clean oil valve (36) and has two outputs, namely a detection pipeline (41) and a qualified oil pipeline (42); the qualified oil pipeline (42) is equipped with a qualified product output valve (52) and is connected to the inlet of the storage tank (5); the detection pipeline (41) is equipped with a detection valve (51) and is connected to the inlet of the detection tank (4); the outlet of the detection tank (4) is connected to the inlet of the pump (3) through a return pipeline (43) with a return valve (53); and the outlet of the storage tank (5) is connected to the deodorization reactor through a pipeline.

4. The refining method for camellia oil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The oil inlet valve (31), feed exhaust valve (32), pressure reducing valve (33), turbid oil valve (34), discharge exhaust valve (35), clean oil valve (36), vent valve (37), compressed air valve (38) and steam valve (39) are arranged side by side and sequentially from bottom to top; the feed pipe sight glass (11), discharge pipe sight glass (12) and air inlet pipe sight glass (13) are arranged side by side and sequentially from bottom to top, and a light structure (7) is provided on the side away from the observation surface; The lighting structure (7) includes a vertically arranged fixed plate, three light sources arranged side by side on the fixed plate, and a power switch on the fixed plate. The power switch is used to control the three light sources simultaneously and is located on the side of the fixed plate away from the pipe sight glass. The fixed plate is located on the side of the pipe sight glass away from the observation surface and is a white plate. The three light sources are respectively set facing the three pipe sight glasses and are all electrically connected to the power switch.

5. The refining method for camellia oil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The working process of the vertical blade filter (2) is as follows: S301 Pre-charge: Open the discharge valve (54), vent valve (37) and oil inlet valve (31), and start the pump (3); observe the inlet pipe sight glass (13). If there is liquid flowing in the inlet pipe sight glass (13), then proceed to step S302. S302 Pre-coating: Open the turbid oil valve (34), close the drain valve (37), observe the sight glass (12) of the discharge pipe, and when the filtrate is clear and the color meets the requirements, proceed to step S303. S303 Filtration: Open the clean oil valve (36) and close the turbid oil valve (34) at the same time. When the pressure reaches the predetermined pressure, proceed to step S304. S304 Pressing: First close the discharge valve (54), pump (3) and oil inlet valve (31), then open the compressed air valve (38), and then open the pressure reducing valve (33); observe the discharge pipe sight glass (12), and when only a small amount of liquid flows through the discharge pipe sight glass (12), close the cleaning oil valve (36); observe the feed pipe sight glass (11), and when air flows through the feed pipe sight glass (11), then proceed to step S305; S305 Drying: Close the pressure reducing valve (33) and the compressed air valve (38), open the feed exhaust valve (32), the discharge exhaust valve (35) and the steam valve (39), and after the second predetermined steam drying time, execute step S306; S306 Slag Discharge: Close the steam valve (39), feed exhaust valve (32) and discharge exhaust valve (35), first open the vent valve (37), and after reaching atmospheric pressure, open the slag discharge valve at the bottom of the vertical blade filter (2) to discharge slag. After slag discharge is completed, close the vent valve (37) and slag discharge valve. Repeat steps S301-S306.

6. The refining method for camellia oil according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first predetermined time is 1-10 minutes, the second predetermined time is 10-25 minutes, the predetermined pressure is 0.35-0.45 MPa, the pressure of the compressed air supplied by the compressed air supply device is 0.2-0.4 MPa, and the pressure of the steam supplied by the steam generator is 0.3-0.4 MPa.

7. The refining method for camellia oil according to claim 4, characterized in that, A rectangular box is provided next to the decolorization reactor (1). The rectangular box is divided into a detection tank (4) and a storage tank (5) by a partition. The volume of the storage tank (5) is greater than that of the detection tank (4). The top of the rectangular box is provided with two sampling ports, which are located directly above the detection tank (4) and the storage tank (5) respectively, and each port is provided with a lid.

8. The method for refining camellia oil according to claim 7, characterized in that, The deacidification reactor, water washing reactor, decolorization reactor (1), deodorization reactor, steam generator, and dewaxing reactor are arranged sequentially on the frame from front to back and are arranged side by side. The decolorization reactor (1) and deodorization reactor are both connected to the vacuum structure. The steam generator, deacidification reactor, water washing reactor, decolorization reactor (1), and deodorization reactor are all connected to the heat transfer oil heating structure through pipelines. The heating jacket of the dewaxing reactor is connected to the ice-salt water supply structure through pipelines. The deacidification reactor and water washing reactor are respectively provided with an alkali storage tank and a brine storage tank above them. The discharge ports at the bottom of the alkali storage tank and the brine storage tank are respectively connected to the top of the deacidification reactor and the water washing reactor through liquid addition pipes. The steam generator is connected to the steam inlet of the heater in the brine storage tank, the steam inlet of the deodorization reactor, and the steam pipeline (29).

9. The refining method for camellia oil according to claim 8, characterized in that, The deacidification reactor and the water washing reactor are arranged adjacent to each other, with a liquid addition tank above them; the liquid addition tank is arranged in the front-to-back direction, and a partition in the middle divides it into an alkaline storage tank and a brine storage tank arranged side by side; the brine storage tank is equipped with a steam heater and a thermometer, and the condensate outlet of the steam heater is located at the bottom of the brine storage tank and is connected to the top of the water washing reactor through a condensate pipe.

10. The method for refining camellia oil according to claim 9, characterized in that, The number of the deacidification reactor, water washing reactor, decolorization reactor (1) and deodorization reactor is one, the number of the dewaxing reactor is two, the two dewaxing reactors are arranged side by side, and the deodorization reactor outputs two paths to the two dewaxing reactors; The heat transfer oil heating structure and the ice-salt water supply structure are both located on the ground and are located on the left or right side of the frame; the vertical blade filter (2), the rectangular box and the filter press are all located on the ground and are located on the side of the frame (1) away from the heat transfer oil heating structure, and are arranged in sequence from front to back; The liquid addition tank is located above the side of the deacidification reactor near the heat transfer oil heating structure, and the detection tank (4) is located at a corner of the front of the rectangular box away from the heat transfer oil heating structure; The feed pipe sight glass (11), discharge pipe sight glass (12) and air inlet pipe sight glass (13) are all straight sight glasses arranged in the front-to-back direction, and the side away from the heat transfer oil heating structure is the observation surface. The oil inlet pipe (21), feed exhaust pipe (22), pressure reducing pipe (23), turbid oil pipe (24), discharge exhaust pipe (25), clean oil pipe (26), vent pipe (27), compressed air pipe (28) and steam pipe (29) are all arranged in the front-to-back direction and are arranged side by side in the top and bottom.

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