A combustion system for the incineration of harmful exhaust gases

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of combustion systems for harmful waste gas incineration, belong to waste gas incineration technical field;Including combustion-supporting burner and incinerator, the combustion chamber outside of incinerator is arranged with incinerator waste gas wind box, and the side wall of the combustion chamber of incinerator is arranged with multiple tangential waste gas injection ports, and tangential waste gas injection port is connected with the inside of incinerator waste gas wind box;Combustion-supporting burner includes ignition gas connector, center air pipe, main combustion-supporting gas pipe, inner combustion-supporting air pipe, combustion-supporting waste gas pipe, outer combustion-supporting air pipe from inside to outside in turn, combustion-supporting waste gas passage is formed between combustion-supporting waste gas pipe and inner combustion-supporting air pipe, and combustion-supporting waste gas wind box is arranged at the front end of combustion-supporting burner, and combustion-supporting waste gas wind box is connected with combustion-supporting waste gas passage;Incinerator waste gas wind box and combustion-supporting waste gas wind box are connected with waste gas main pipe;Solve the harmful and toxic gas content in flue gas after the incineration of current waste gas incineration system, and harmful and toxic gas in waste gas burns poor, NO x The problem of high displacement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waste gas incineration technology, specifically relating to a combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gases. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial processes such as natural gas purification and chemical production, waste gases containing toxic and harmful components such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are generated. Directly releasing these waste gases into the atmosphere will cause serious harm to the environment and human health. Incineration is an effective way to treat such waste gases. It converts harmful substances into harmless substances through high-temperature combustion and oxidation. Waste gas incineration involves the mixing, combustion, and reaction of combustion fuel, waste gas, and combustion air within the incinerator and burner, transforming harmful and toxic gases into harmless and non-toxic gases. However, due to structural and parameter design issues in waste gas combustion systems, many systems suffer from problems such as excessive levels of harmful and toxic gases in the flue gas after incineration, poor combustion of harmful and toxic gases, and NO2 content exceeding standards. x The problem of high engine displacement.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new type of incineration system that, through rational structural design and more effective airflow organization, can achieve efficient mixing of combustion gas, combustion air, and exhaust gas, resulting in intense combustion and reaction, high conversion rate, low content of harmful gases, and low NO production. x . Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies and proposes a combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gases; it solves the problems of excessive levels of harmful and toxic gases in the flue gas after combustion and poor combustion of harmful and toxic gases in the waste gas, as well as NO. x The problem of high engine displacement.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution.

[0006] A combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gases includes an auxiliary combustion burner and an incinerator connected to each other. The nozzle of the auxiliary combustion burner extends to the front side of the combustion chamber of the incinerator. An incinerator exhaust gas box is arranged around the outer side of the combustion chamber of the incinerator. Multiple tangential exhaust gas nozzles are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber of the incinerator and are connected to the interior of the incinerator exhaust gas box. The auxiliary combustion burner includes a central duct, a main auxiliary combustion gas pipe, an inner auxiliary combustion air pipe, an auxiliary combustion exhaust gas pipe, and an outer auxiliary combustion air pipe, which are connected sequentially from the inside to the outside. The inner side of the auxiliary combustion exhaust gas pipe and the outer side of the inner auxiliary combustion air pipe form an auxiliary combustion exhaust gas channel. An auxiliary combustion exhaust gas box is provided at the front end of the auxiliary combustion burner and is connected to the auxiliary combustion exhaust gas channel. The incinerator exhaust gas box is directly connected to the exhaust gas main pipe, and the auxiliary combustion exhaust gas box is connected to the exhaust gas main pipe through exhaust gas branch pipes.

[0007] Furthermore, four tangential exhaust gas nozzles are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber of the incinerator. The four tangential exhaust gas nozzles are arranged tangentially, so that the exhaust gas ejected from the four tangential exhaust gas nozzles is organized into a direct-flow tangential circular flow field distribution inside the combustion chamber of the incinerator.

[0008] Furthermore, a main combustion gas passage is formed between the outer side of the central air duct and the inner side of the main combustion gas pipe, an inner combustion air passage is formed between the outer side of the main combustion gas pipe and the inner side of the inner combustion air pipe, and an outer combustion air passage is formed between the outer side of the combustion exhaust pipe and the inner side of the outer combustion air pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, a main combustion gas nozzle is installed at the rear outlet of the main combustion gas passage.

[0010] Furthermore, an internal combustion air swirl vane is installed at the rear outlet of the internal combustion air passage, and an external combustion air swirl vane is installed in the middle of the external combustion air passage.

[0011] Furthermore, a combustion-supporting exhaust gas swirl vane is installed at the rear outlet of the combustion-supporting exhaust gas channel.

[0012] Furthermore, a main combustion gas air box is provided at the front end of the combustion-supporting burner. The main combustion gas air box is connected to the main combustion gas pipe and is also connected to the main combustion gas passage.

[0013] Furthermore, three combustion air ducts are provided at the front end of the combustion-supporting burner. The three combustion air ducts are respectively connected to the internal space of the central air duct, the inner combustion air channel, and the outer combustion air channel. The ends of the three combustion air ducts away from the combustion-supporting burner are connected to the same combustion air box.

[0014] Furthermore, each of the three combustion air ducts has a regulating damper installed at its inlet near the combustion air box.

[0015] Furthermore, an ignition gas pipe is inserted inside the central air duct. The front inlet of the ignition gas pipe extends to the outside of the combustion aid burner, and the rear outlet of the ignition gas pipe extends to the rear outlet of the central air duct.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: This invention provides a combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gases, which consists of a pre-fired combustion aid burner and tangential waste gas nozzles arranged circumferentially along the combustion chamber of the incinerator, forming a flow field distribution in the combustion chamber that ensures stable combustion, strong gas mixing, and complete reaction and transformation of harmful components in the waste gas.

[0017] The auxiliary burner is located at the front end of the incinerator and is used to introduce and organize the ignition and combustion of the main auxiliary combustion gas and combustion air. It forms a stable swirling flame through a swirling structure, creating a stable combustion zone in the front space of the incinerator's combustion chamber. An auxiliary combustion exhaust gas box is installed on the auxiliary burner to introduce 5%-15% of the total exhaust gas, allowing it to participate in preliminary combustion at the flame root. Combined with the staged combustion of the combustion air, this controls NOx emissions. x Generation amount.

[0018] The tangential exhaust gas nozzles are arranged tangentially around the circumference of the incinerator combustion chamber. The arrangement direction of the four tangential exhaust gas nozzles is determined by an imaginary tangent circle. The tangential exhaust gas nozzles are connected to the incinerator exhaust gas plenum, which is connected to the exhaust gas main pipe. The exhaust gas ejected from the four tangential exhaust gas nozzles accounts for 85%-95% of the total exhaust gas. The airflow velocity at the tangential exhaust gas nozzles is 25m / s-35m / s. The diameter of the imaginary tangent circle is 1 / 3-1 / 4 of the inner diameter of the combustion chamber. The exhaust gas flow entering the combustion chamber from the four tangential exhaust gas nozzles forms a rotating, strongly turbulent airflow field, which overcomes the disadvantage of poor flame disturbance in the later stage of the flame formed by the front-end swirl burner. This ensures efficient mixing between high-temperature flue gas and exhaust gas, as well as strong reaction and transformation of harmful components in the exhaust gas, achieving a high conversion rate and low content of harmful gases. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a side view of the entire invention; Figure 2 This is a frontal schematic diagram of the entire invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 AA section view in the middle; Figure 4 This is a front view of the combustion-supporting burner; Figure 5 This is a side sectional view of the combustion-supporting burner; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle; Among them, 1 is the combustion aid burner, 2 is the incinerator, 3 is the incinerator exhaust gas box, and 4 is the tangential exhaust gas nozzle; 101 is the central air duct, 102 is the main combustion gas pipe, 103 is the internal combustion air pipe, 104 is the combustion exhaust gas pipe, 105 is the external combustion air pipe, 106 is the combustion exhaust gas passage, 107 is the combustion exhaust gas air box, 108 is the exhaust gas main pipe, 109 is the exhaust gas branch pipe, 110 is the main combustion gas passage, 111 is the internal combustion air passage, 112 is the external combustion air passage, 113 is the main combustion gas nozzle, 114 is the internal combustion air swirl vane, 115 is the external combustion air swirl vane, 116 is the combustion exhaust gas swirl vane, 117 is the main combustion gas air box, 118 is the main combustion gas connection pipe, 119 is the combustion air duct, 120 is the combustion air air box, 121 is the regulating damper, and 122 is the ignition gas connection pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical problems to be solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. The technical solutions of this invention are described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown in Figure 6, this invention provides a combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gases, including an auxiliary combustion burner 1 and an incinerator 2 connected to each other. The nozzle of the auxiliary combustion burner 1 extends to the front side of the combustion chamber of the incinerator 2. An incinerator exhaust gas box 3 is arranged around the outer side of the combustion chamber of the incinerator 2. Multiple tangential exhaust gas nozzles 4 are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber of the incinerator 2, and the tangential exhaust gas nozzles 4 are connected to the interior of the incinerator exhaust gas box 3. The auxiliary combustion burner 1 includes a central air duct 101 and a main auxiliary air duct 102 connected sequentially from the inside to the outside. The combustion gas pipe 102, the internal combustion air pipe 103, the combustion exhaust gas pipe 104, and the external combustion air pipe 105 are provided. The inner side of the combustion exhaust gas pipe 104 and the outer side of the internal combustion air pipe 103 form a combustion exhaust gas passage 106. A combustion exhaust gas box 107 is provided at the front end of the combustion burner 1 and is connected to the combustion exhaust gas passage 106. The incinerator exhaust gas box 3 is directly connected to the exhaust gas main pipe 108, and the combustion exhaust gas box 107 is connected to the exhaust gas main pipe 108 through the exhaust gas branch pipe 109.

[0022] The incinerator 2 has a circular structure, and its axis is horizontally arranged along the front-to-back direction. The combustion aid burner 1 is fixedly installed at the center of the front end face of the incinerator 2, and the axis of the combustion aid burner 1 coincides with the axis of the incinerator 2.

[0023] Four tangential exhaust gas nozzles 4 are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber of the incinerator 2. The four tangential exhaust gas nozzles 4 are arranged in a circular array around the axis of the incinerator 2. The axis of the tangential exhaust gas nozzles 4 is offset from the axis of the incinerator 2, and the ejection direction of the four tangential exhaust gas nozzles 4 is tangential. This makes the exhaust gas ejected from the four tangential exhaust gas nozzles 4 form a direct current tangential circular flow field distribution inside the combustion chamber of the incinerator 2, thereby forming a strong rotating airflow in the combustion chamber.

[0024] The rear outlets of the main combustion gas pipe 102, the internal combustion air pipe 103, the combustion exhaust gas pipe 104, and the external combustion air pipe 105 are flush. The rear outlet of the central air duct 101 extends to the outside of the rear outlet of the main combustion gas pipe 102. A vortex with an outwardly expanding funnel-shaped structure is fixedly installed outside the rear outlet of the external combustion air pipe 105. The rear outlet of the central air duct 101 is located inside the vortex, and the outer opening of the vortex is connected to the front wall of the combustion chamber of the incinerator 2. A flared, funnel-shaped main combustion gas nozzle is fixedly installed outside the rear outlet of the main combustion gas pipe 102.

[0025] A main combustion gas passage 110 is formed between the outer side of the central air duct 101 and the inner side of the main combustion gas pipe 102; an inner combustion air passage 111 is formed between the outer side of the main combustion gas pipe 102 and the inner side of the inner combustion air pipe 103; and an outer combustion air passage 112 is formed between the outer side of the combustion exhaust pipe 104 and the inner side of the outer combustion air pipe 105.

[0026] A main combustion gas nozzle 113 is installed at the rear outlet of the main combustion gas passage 110.

[0027] An internal combustion air swirl vane 114 is installed at the rear outlet of the internal combustion air passage 111, so that the internal combustion air output from the internal combustion air passage 111 forms a swirl.

[0028] An external combustion air swirl vane 115 is installed in the middle of the external combustion air passage 112, so that the external combustion air output from the external combustion air passage 112 forms a swirl.

[0029] A combustion-supporting exhaust gas swirl vane 116 is installed at the rear outlet of the combustion-supporting exhaust gas channel 106, so that the combustion-supporting exhaust gas output from the combustion-supporting exhaust gas channel 106 forms a swirl.

[0030] A main combustion gas air box 117 is provided at the front end of the combustion-supporting burner 1. The main combustion gas air box 117 is connected to the main combustion gas pipe 118 and is connected to the main combustion gas passage 110.

[0031] Three combustion air ducts 119 are provided at the front end of the combustion-supporting burner 1. The three combustion air ducts 119 are respectively connected to the internal space of the central air duct 101, the inner combustion air passage 111, and the outer combustion air passage 112. The ends of the three combustion air ducts 119 away from the combustion-supporting burner 1 are connected to the same combustion air box 120. Each of the three combustion air ducts 119 has a regulating damper 121 installed at its inlet near the combustion air box 120.

[0032] An ignition gas pipe 122 is inserted inside the central air duct 101. The front inlet of the ignition gas pipe 122 extends to the outside of the combustion aid burner 1, and the rear outlet of the ignition gas pipe 122 extends to the rear outlet of the central air duct 101.

[0033] The working principle of this invention is as follows: Of the exhaust gas output from the main exhaust pipe 108, most of the exhaust gas (approximately 85%-95% of the total exhaust gas volume) directly enters the incinerator exhaust gas box 3 as the subsequent incinerator exhaust gas; a small portion (approximately 5%-15% of the total exhaust gas volume) enters the combustion-supporting exhaust gas box 107 through the exhaust gas branch pipe 109 as the subsequent combustion-supporting exhaust gas.

[0034] The ignition gas pipe 122 directly injects ignition gas to the rear outlet of the combustion aid burner 1, and the injected ignition gas completes the initial ignition.

[0035] The combustion-supporting exhaust gas inside the combustion-supporting exhaust gas box 107 enters the combustion-supporting exhaust gas passage 106. Because a combustion-supporting exhaust gas swirl vane 116 is installed at the rear outlet of the combustion-supporting exhaust gas passage 106, the ejected combustion-supporting exhaust gas rotates. Simultaneously, the main combustion-supporting gas inside the main combustion-supporting gas pipe 118 enters the main combustion-supporting gas box 117, and the main combustion-supporting gas inside the main combustion-supporting gas box 117 enters the main combustion-supporting gas passage 110, finally being ejected outwards through the main combustion-supporting gas nozzle 113. Combustion air inside the combustion air box 120 enters the central duct 101, inner combustion air channel 111, and outer combustion air channel 112 through three combustion air ducts 119. The combustion air at the center is directly ejected outward through the rear outlet of the central duct 101. The inner layer of combustion air is ejected outward under the action of the inner combustion air swirl vane 114, forming a rotating jet. The outer layer of combustion air is ejected outward under the action of the outer combustion air swirl vane 115, forming a rotating jet. The combustion air burner 1 divides the combustion air into central air, inner combustion air, and outer combustion air, thereby achieving staged combustion of air. It mixes with a small portion of the combustion air ejected from the combustion exhaust channel 106 to form a low-NOx mixture. x The burning.

[0036] Through the above-described staged combustion process, the combustion aid burner 1 establishes a high-temperature basic flame field with uniform temperature distribution and controlled peak temperature at the front of the combustion chamber. The tangential exhaust gas nozzles 4 arranged around the incinerator 2 are connected to the incinerator exhaust gas box 3. The incinerator exhaust gas box 3 is arranged around the combustion chamber and plays a role in evenly distributing the exhaust gas. The exhaust gas to be treated, which accounts for 85%-95% of the total exhaust gas, is distributed by the incinerator exhaust gas box 3 and then injected into the combustion chamber in the form of a jet with a velocity of 25m / s-35m / s through the four tangentially arranged tangential exhaust gas nozzles 4, forming a rotating tangential flow field distribution. After the incinerator exhaust gas ejected from the tangential exhaust gas nozzle 4 enters the combustion chamber, it forms a strong rotating airflow. This rotating airflow mixes strongly with the high-temperature reference flame and flue gas generated from the front-end combustion aid burner 1 in a three-dimensional turbulent flow. Under these high-temperature, oxygen-rich and extremely intense mixing conditions, the harmful components in the exhaust gas (such as H2S) are rapidly heated and undergo a strong oxidation reaction, thereby ensuring that the harmful components in the exhaust gas achieve a high conversion rate and burnout degree.

[0037] This invention establishes and maintains the required high-temperature base flame within the incinerator 2 using a combustion-supporting burner 1. The combustion-supporting burner 1, through its flow channel design for the main combustion gas, combustion air, and combustion exhaust gas, introduces fuel, combustion air, and a small portion of the exhaust gas to be treated into the combustion chamber in a specific sequence. This controls the combustion reaction process, reduces the oxygen concentration and peak temperature in the flame core area, and suppresses thermal nitrogen oxides (NOx) at the source. x The generation of ).

[0038] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gases, characterized in that: The incinerator includes an interconnected combustion-supporting burner (1) and an incinerator (2), with the nozzle of the combustion-supporting burner (1) extending to the front side of the combustion chamber of the incinerator (2); an incinerator exhaust gas box (3) is arranged around the outside of the combustion chamber of the incinerator (2), and multiple tangential exhaust gas nozzles (4) are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber of the incinerator (2), which are connected to the inside of the incinerator exhaust gas box (3); the combustion-supporting burner (1) includes a central air duct (101), a main combustion-supporting gas pipe (102), and an inner combustion-supporting air pipe (103) connected sequentially from the inside to the outside. 03) Combustion-supporting exhaust gas pipe (104) and external combustion-supporting air pipe (105). The inner side of the combustion-supporting exhaust gas pipe (104) and the outer side of the inner combustion-supporting air pipe (103) form a combustion-supporting exhaust gas channel (106). A combustion-supporting exhaust gas box (107) is provided at the front end of the combustion-supporting burner (1). The combustion-supporting exhaust gas box (107) is connected to the combustion-supporting exhaust gas channel (106). The incinerator exhaust gas box (3) is directly connected to the exhaust gas main pipe (108). The combustion-supporting exhaust gas box (107) is connected to the exhaust gas main pipe (108) through the exhaust gas branch pipe (109).

2. The combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: Four tangential exhaust gas nozzles (4) are arranged on the side wall of the combustion chamber of the incinerator (2). The ejection direction of the four tangential exhaust gas nozzles (4) is tangential, so that the exhaust gas ejected from the four tangential exhaust gas nozzles (4) is organized into a direct current tangential circle flow field distribution inside the combustion chamber of the incinerator (2).

3. The combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: A main combustion gas passage (110) is formed between the outer side of the central air duct (101) and the inner side of the main combustion gas pipe (102). An inner combustion air passage (111) is formed between the outer side of the main combustion gas pipe (102) and the inner side of the inner combustion air pipe (103). An outer combustion air passage (112) is formed between the outer side of the combustion exhaust pipe (104) and the inner side of the outer combustion air pipe (105).

4. A combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: A main combustion gas nozzle (113) is installed at the rear outlet of the main combustion gas passage (110).

5. A combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: An internal combustion air swirl vane (114) is installed at the rear outlet of the internal combustion air passage (111), and an external combustion air swirl vane (115) is installed in the middle of the external combustion air passage (112).

6. A combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gases according to claim 1, characterized in that: A combustion-supporting exhaust gas swirl plate (116) is installed at the rear outlet of the combustion-supporting exhaust gas channel (106).

7. A combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: A main combustion gas air box (117) is provided at the front end of the combustion burner (1). The main combustion gas air box (117) is connected to the main combustion gas pipe (118), and the main combustion gas air box (117) is connected to the main combustion gas passage (110).

8. A combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: Three combustion air ducts (119) are provided at the front end of the combustion burner (1). The three combustion air ducts (119) are respectively connected to the internal space of the central air duct (101), the inner combustion air channel (111), and the outer combustion air channel (112). The end of the three combustion air ducts (119) away from the combustion burner (1) is connected to the same combustion air box (120).

9. A combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the three combustion air ducts (119) has a regulating damper (121) installed at the inlet of one end near the combustion air box (120).

10. A combustion system for incinerating harmful waste gases according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ignition gas pipe (122) is inserted inside the central air duct (101). The front inlet of the ignition gas pipe (122) extends to the outside of the combustion aid burner (1), and the rear outlet of the ignition gas pipe (122) extends to the rear outlet of the central air duct (101).

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