Infrared detection-based method for detecting and controlling throttle and opening of aviation piston engine

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of based on infrared detection's aviation piston engine throttle and opening detection and control method, belong to aero-engine control technical field.It includes: in the two ends of the cavity of throttle body respectively setting the transmitting end and receiving end of infrared detection device, receiving end according to the light intensity signal output corresponding voltage signal that changes with the throttle opening change;Engine ECU calculates throttle opening according to the voltage signal output by receiving end, realizes throttle opening detection;Based on the opening deviation between the opening calculated and the target opening preset by engine ECU, throttle opening feedback control is carried out, until the opening deviation between the actual opening of throttle and the target opening reaches within the set range.The present application can avoid throttle jam caused by mechanical failure, reduce the failure rate of throttle body, improve the feedback regulation accuracy of throttle body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aero-engine control technology, and relates to an infrared detection-based method for detecting and controlling the throttle opening of an aero-engine piston engine, and the throttle of an aero-engine piston engine. Background Technology

[0002] The throttle body is an important component of the intake system of a piston engine. It controls the engine's intake air and, according to the specific opening degree set by the engine's electronic fuel injection control unit software, enables the precise opening and closing of the throttle valve to control the engine's intake airflow speed and thus regulate the engine speed.

[0003] Currently, commonly used methods for throttle opening detection include manual dimensional chain measurement and brush testing. However, the manual dimensional chain measurement method is prone to errors when there are deviations in the machining accuracy of the throttle plate or body (e.g., dimensional deviations in the throttle body cavity). Inaccurate measurement can lead to inaccurate intake airflow velocity and even jamming. The brush testing method detects opening through mechanical contact between a brush and a resistive element. However, during long-term use, contact sensors are susceptible to mechanical wear, carbon buildup, and poor contact, resulting in signal drift, distortion, and even failure. This makes it difficult to meet the long-life, high-reliability requirements of aero-piston engines. Furthermore, aero-piston engines operate in complex environments with high temperatures, strong vibrations, and electromagnetic interference. Traditional contact sensors have poor anti-interference capabilities and environmental adaptability, which can affect the intake control accuracy and operational stability of the engine.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new engine throttle opening detection technology that can effectively balance accuracy and interference resistance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting and controlling the throttle valve and its opening degree of an aero-engine based on infrared detection, so as to overcome the shortcomings of existing throttle valve opening degree detection methods.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for detecting and controlling the throttle opening of an aero-piston engine based on infrared detection, comprising: Infrared detection devices are installed at both ends of the cavity in the throttle body; The engine ECU collects the voltage output by the infrared detection device and calculates the throttle opening to achieve throttle opening detection; Throttle opening feedback control is performed based on the deviation between the calculated opening degree and the target opening degree preset by the engine ECU, until the deviation between the actual throttle opening degree and the target opening degree reaches the set range.

[0007] Furthermore, an infrared detection device is installed at both ends of the cavity in the throttle body, with an infrared detector transmitter and receiver respectively. The receiver outputs a corresponding voltage signal based on the received light intensity signal that changes with the throttle opening. The engine ECU calculates the throttle opening based on the voltage signal output by the receiver.

[0008] Furthermore, the engine ECU calculates the throttle opening based on the voltage signal output from the receiver, including: Acquire the first voltage signal, which is the voltage signal output by the receiver when the throttle opening is at its maximum. Acquire the second voltage signal, which is the voltage signal output by the receiver when the throttle opening is at its minimum; Acquire the third voltage signal, which is the receiver output voltage signal corresponding to the actual throttle opening; The actual throttle opening is calculated based on the first voltage signal, the second voltage signal, and the third voltage signal.

[0009] Furthermore, the engine ECU's calculation of the throttle opening based on the voltage signal output from the receiver also includes introducing a compensation coefficient to correct mechanical installation deviations of the throttle body based on the calculated actual throttle opening.

[0010] Furthermore, the method also includes performing a first-order low-pass filter on the voltage signal acquired by the engine ECU to remove vibration and electromagnetic interference noise.

[0011] Furthermore, throttle opening feedback control based on the deviation between the calculated opening degree and the target opening degree preset by the engine ECU includes: The opening deviation is obtained based on the calculated opening degree and the target opening degree preset by the engine ECU; The engine ECU outputs a control quantity based on the opening deviation to control the rotation angle of the servo motor in the throttle body used to adjust the throttle opening. The engine ECU calculates the current actual throttle opening based on the voltage output by the infrared detection device after the opening changes, and obtains the opening deviation based on the current actual engine opening and the target opening; the engine ECU outputs a control quantity based on the opening deviation to control the rotation angle of the servo motor. Repeat the above process to perform feedback control of the throttle opening until the deviation between the actual engine opening and the target opening reaches the set range.

[0012] Furthermore, the engine ECU uses an incremental PID algorithm to calculate the control quantity based on the opening deviation.

[0013] Furthermore, the set range is [-1%, 1%].

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention provides a throttle valve for an aircraft piston engine, including a throttle valve housing, a cavity disposed in the throttle valve housing for gas passage, a throttle valve shaft disposed at one end of the cavity and orthogonal to the cavity axis, and a throttle valve plate fixed on the throttle valve shaft and rotating with the throttle valve shaft; it also includes infrared detection devices disposed at both ends of the cavity, the infrared detection devices being electrically connected to the engine ECU, and the engine ECU calculating and controlling the throttle valve opening based on the voltage output by the infrared detection devices.

[0015] The infrared detection device includes a transmitter and a receiver respectively located at both ends of the cavity.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) The present invention adopts infrared non-contact detection technology. Since the infrared light emitting and receiving unit has no direct physical friction with the throttle plate, it avoids the risk of signal drift or failure caused by brush wear, carbon deposits and poor contact, and improves the long-term stability of opening detection and engine service life. It is suitable for the high reliability requirements of aviation piston engines.

[0017] (2) This invention employs a first-order low-pass filtering algorithm, which effectively filters out noise components such as high-frequency vibration, electromagnetic interference, and light source drift that are common in harsh aviation conditions, making the collected voltage signal smooth and accurately reflecting changes in light intensity. Combined with an incremental PID closed-loop control strategy, it can keep the opening control error within a very small range, enhancing the engine's anti-interference capability and environmental adaptability in high-temperature, strong vibration, and complex electromagnetic environments, ensuring precise control of intake airflow, and guaranteeing stable engine operation.

[0018] (3) This invention utilizes the linear correspondence between the light-transmitting area of ​​the infrared beam and the throttle opening, combined with the compensation coefficient to correct mechanical installation deviations, simplifying the calibration and conversion process, and avoiding inaccurate measurement or jamming problems caused by processing errors in manual dimension chain measurement.

[0019] (4) The entire detection and control scheme can be achieved simply by adding an infrared detection device. There is no need to change the original structural dimensions of the throttle body, or add an extra throttle or modify the cavity design. While achieving high-precision closed-loop control, it retains the compact layout of the existing engine intake system to the greatest extent, reducing the modification cost and manufacturing difficulty. It has good engineering applicability and promotion value.

[0020] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination, or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation location of the infrared detection device on the throttle body. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the throttle body structure; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a method for detecting and controlling the throttle opening of an aircraft piston engine.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1-Throttle body, 2-Infrared light emitting unit, 3-Infrared light receiving and display integrated unit, 4-Throttle shaft, 5-Throttle plate, 6-Light-shielding encoder disk, 7-Throttle motor output end. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic representations of the basic concept of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0024] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the invention. To better illustrate the embodiments of the invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings.

[0025] In the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, the same or similar reference numerals correspond to the same or similar components. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "front," and "rear" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, they are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe positional relationships in the drawings are only for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] Example 1 This embodiment provides a throttle valve for an aircraft piston engine, such as Figures 1-2 As shown, it includes a throttle body 1, an infrared light emitting unit 2, an infrared light receiving and display integrated unit 3, a throttle shaft 4, a throttle plate 5, and a light-shielding encoder disk 6.

[0027] The throttle body 1 has two cavities, left and right, for gas to pass through. The throttle plate 5 is divided into left and right pieces, which are fastened to the throttle shaft 4 by four M3×6 screws and rotate with the throttle shaft 4, with a rotation angle between 0 and 90°. The rotation of the throttle shaft 4 with the output end 7 of the throttle motor causes the opening degree of the throttle plate 5 to change, and the rotation of the outer gear causes signal fluctuations in the light-shielding encoder disk 6.

[0028] Infrared light emitting unit 2 emits infrared light, and the rotation of throttle shaft 4 causes the angle of throttle plate 5 to change. The infrared light passes through the gap between the cavity and throttle plate 5 and falls on infrared light receiving and display integrated unit 3. The infrared light receiving and display integrated unit 3 outputs a corresponding voltage signal based on the intensity of the received infrared light, and judges the opening degree of throttle plate 5 through the voltage signal, and then adjusts the opening degree according to actual needs.

[0029] This embodiment simplifies the throttle body opening control and feedback mechanism by incorporating an infrared detection device, including an infrared light emitting unit 2 and an infrared light receiving and display integrated unit 3. The non-contact feedback mechanism avoids throttle body jamming caused by mechanical failure, reducing the throttle body failure rate and improving the feedback adjustment accuracy of the throttle body. Furthermore, by incorporating the infrared detection device, no additional throttle body or modification of the valve body dimensions is required, reducing the difficulty of processing and assembly.

[0030] The throttle opening of the aero-piston engine provided in this embodiment was tested. First, after assembly and acceptance, the opening was detected by measuring the distance between the throttle plates at both ends of the cavity using an infrared detection device, as shown in Table 1. Table 1

[0031] Subsequently, a communication connection was established between the throttle body, the engine ECU, and the test host computer. After powering on the throttle body, the throttle plate was opened and closed 50 times. Then, the distance between the two ends of the throttle plate was measured using an infrared detection device. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0032] Table 2

[0033] The throttle opening was tested again at different values: "0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%". The measured throttle opening values ​​were displayed by the infrared light receiving and display integrated unit 3. The feedback values ​​from the infrared light receiving and display integrated unit 3 are shown in Table 3.

[0034] Table 3

[0035] As shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3, in the initial opening test after the throttle body assembly, the maximum opening dimensions of the left hole were 16.60 and 16.66 mm. After 50 throttle opening and closing cycles, the remeasured dimensions of the left hole were 16.58 and 16.65 mm, respectively. The actual differences between the two measurements were 0.02 and 0.01 mm, respectively, and both test results were within the theoretical range. Furthermore, the throttle opening measured by the infrared detection device matched the given throttle opening well, indicating the effectiveness of the infrared detection device in detecting the throttle opening. In addition, the dimensions of the infrared detection device were well integrated with the dimensions of the throttle body, achieving a miniaturized and high-precision throttle body for aero-piston engines.

[0036] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for detecting and controlling the throttle opening of an aero-engine based on infrared detection, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0037] According to the throttle body described in Example 1, the infrared light emitting unit 2 outputs a constant power infrared beam, the throttle plate 5 rotates to change the light-transmitting area, and the infrared light receiving and display integrated unit 3 outputs a voltage signal that changes with the light intensity. The engine ECU first performs a first-order low-pass filter on the sampled voltage to filter out signal noise caused by vibration and electromagnetic interference under aviation operating conditions; then, it converts the voltage signal into the actual throttle opening degree through a linear conversion formula and introduces a compensation coefficient to correct the mechanical installation deviation of the throttle body; subsequently, it calculates the difference between the actual opening degree and the target opening degree preset by the ECU to obtain the opening degree deviation; using an incremental PID algorithm, it outputs a control quantity based on the opening degree deviation to drive the servo motor to adjust the rotation angle of the throttle shaft 4, change the blocking area of ​​the throttle plate 5 on the infrared beam, and adjust the received light intensity in real time. Through continuous iterative calculation, it achieves negative feedback closed-loop control of the throttle opening degree, limiting the opening degree control error to within ±1%, meeting the high-precision intake regulation requirements of aviation piston engines.

[0038] When the throttle valve 5 rotates counterclockwise, the opening increases, the occlusion area of ​​the throttle valve 5 decreases, the light-transmitting area increases, the light intensity received by the infrared light receiving and display integration unit 3 increases, and the output voltage signal rises. When the throttle valve 5 rotates clockwise, the opening decreases, the occlusion area of ​​the valve plate increases, the light-transmitting area decreases, the light intensity received by the infrared light receiving and display integration unit 3 weakens, and the output voltage signal decreases. When the throttle valve 5 is fully closed (0% opening) with the minimum light-transmitting area, the voltage output by the infrared light receiving and display integration unit 3 is... When the throttle body 5 is fully open (100% opening) and the light-transmitting area is at its maximum, the voltage output by the infrared light receiving and display integrated unit 3 is: .

[0039] The engine ECU collects the voltage signal output in real time from the infrared light receiving and display integrated unit 3. Since vibration of the aircraft engine, light source drift, electromagnetic interference and other factors can cause the ADC sampling voltage to fluctuate, a first-order low-pass filtering algorithm is used to filter the collected voltage signal to remove vibration and electromagnetic interference noise.

[0040]

[0041] in, The filter coefficient (values ​​range from 0.1 to 0.3) smooths the voltage sampling values, suppresses jitter, and ensures stable opening calculation. The voltage output in real time by the infrared light receiving and display integrated unit 3. This is the filtered voltage. The sampling time.

[0042] Utilizing voltage Opening conversion formula, combined with compensation coefficient The actual throttle opening is calculated. :

[0043] Due to actual voltage It has been filtered by the filtering algorithm. Therefore, in the above formula Need to be replaced with .

[0044] Obtain the preset target opening from the engine ECU. The target throttle opening is calculated based on the throttle command and engine speed. The ECU first adjusts the throttle opening to near the target opening, and then uses feedback control to bring the opening deviation within the set range. The actual opening is then... relative to target opening Compare and calculate the opening deviation. :

[0045] The servo motor control quantity is calculated using an incremental PID algorithm. :

[0046] in, This is a proportionality coefficient used to speed up the response. The integral coefficient is used to eliminate steady-state opening error (ensuring that the opening error of each gear is controlled within ±1%). It is a differential coefficient that suppresses throttle shaft oscillation and overcomes the opening vibration caused by aero-engine vibration.

[0047] The negative feedback closed-loop control process is as follows: like The actual opening is less than the target opening, according to the control quantity. By controlling the servo motor to rotate counterclockwise, the throttle opening is increased, the light-transmitting area increases, and the receiving voltage rises. like The actual opening degree is greater than the target opening degree, according to the control quantity. By controlling the servo motor to rotate clockwise, the throttle opening is reduced, the light-transmitting area decreases, and the receiving voltage drops. like If the opening deviation is within the set range, the motor maintains its current position and stops operating.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting and controlling the throttle opening of an aero-piston engine based on infrared detection, characterized in that, The method includes: Infrared detection devices are installed at both ends of the cavity in the throttle body; The engine ECU collects the voltage output by the infrared detection device and calculates the throttle opening to achieve throttle opening detection; Throttle opening feedback control is performed based on the deviation between the calculated opening degree and the target opening degree preset by the engine ECU, until the deviation between the actual throttle opening degree and the target opening degree reaches the set range.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, An infrared detection device is installed at both ends of the cavity in the throttle body, with an infrared detector transmitter and receiver respectively. The receiver outputs a corresponding voltage signal based on the received light intensity signal that changes with the throttle opening. The engine ECU calculates the throttle opening based on the voltage signal output by the receiver.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The engine ECU calculates the throttle opening based on the voltage signal output from the receiver, including: Acquire the first voltage signal, which is the voltage signal output by the receiver when the throttle opening is at its maximum. Acquire the second voltage signal, which is the voltage signal output by the receiver when the throttle opening is at its minimum; Acquire the third voltage signal, which is the receiver output voltage signal corresponding to the actual throttle opening; The actual throttle opening is calculated based on the first voltage signal, the second voltage signal, and the third voltage signal.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The engine ECU calculates the throttle opening based on the voltage signal output from the receiver. It also introduces a compensation coefficient based on the calculated actual throttle opening to correct mechanical installation deviations of the throttle body.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The method also includes performing a first-order low-pass filter on the voltage signal acquired by the engine ECU to remove vibration and electromagnetic interference noise.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Throttle opening feedback control based on the deviation between the calculated opening degree and the target opening degree preset by the engine ECU includes: The opening deviation is obtained based on the calculated opening degree and the target opening degree preset by the engine ECU; The engine ECU outputs a control quantity based on the opening deviation to control the rotation angle of the servo motor in the throttle body used to adjust the throttle opening. The engine ECU calculates the current actual throttle opening based on the voltage output by the infrared detection device after the opening changes, and obtains the opening deviation based on the current actual engine opening and the target opening; the engine ECU outputs a control quantity based on the opening deviation to control the rotation angle of the servo motor. Repeat the above process to perform feedback control of the throttle opening until the deviation between the actual engine opening and the target opening reaches the set range.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The engine ECU uses an incremental PID algorithm to calculate the control quantity based on the opening deviation.

8. The method according to claim 1, 6, or 7, characterized in that, The set range is [-1%, 1%].

9. A throttle valve for an aircraft piston engine, comprising a throttle valve housing, a cavity disposed within the throttle valve housing for gas passage, a throttle valve shaft disposed at one end of the cavity and orthogonal to the cavity axis, and a throttle valve plate fixed to the throttle valve shaft and rotating with the throttle valve shaft, characterized in that, It also includes infrared detection devices installed at both ends of the cavity. The infrared detection devices are electrically connected to the engine ECU. The engine ECU calculates and controls the throttle opening based on the voltage output by the infrared detection devices.

10. The throttle valve for an aircraft piston engine according to claim 9, characterized in that, The infrared detection device includes a transmitter and a receiver respectively located at both ends of the cavity.

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