A controlled current source system for temperature regulation

Abstract

The application discloses a controlled current source system applied to temperature regulation, which comprises a signal processing and TEC temperature control board, an input EMC processing and rectification filtering part, an H-bridge power conversion part, an inductor and transformer part, an output rectification filtering part, a heating and refrigeration reversing part, a voltage and current sampling part and a low-voltage power supply part. After three-phase alternating current is subjected to input EMC processing and rectification filtering, direct current voltage is formed and is added to the H-bridge power conversion circuit. The H-bridge circuit is driven by a PWM wave with a set duty ratio, and is output to the inductor and transformer power part. The transformer is output to the rectification filtering circuit, expected current output is generated, the size of the current is automatically adjusted according to the result of the control link, and the current output direction is adjusted through the heating and refrigeration reversing circuit, so that the bidirectional switching of refrigeration and heating is realized. The application is based on the electrical layout of EMC, heat dissipation and optimal function link, and can realize smaller volume, stronger output, higher precision and higher intelligence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of circuit application technology, specifically relating to a controlled current source system for temperature regulation. Background Technology

[0002] TEC, or thermoelectric cooler, operates based on the Peltier effect. When current flows through a circuit composed of two different semiconductors (P-type and N-type), heat is absorbed (cooled) on one side and released (heated) on the other. Devices using TEC to regulate the temperature of the application are widely used in information technology, semiconductor manufacturing equipment, emerging industries, and scientific research.

[0003] The power supply in TEC temperature control equipment is a core component of the system, directly determining the response speed, accuracy, stability, and energy efficiency of temperature control. Power supply technology applied to TEC temperature control is currently experiencing rapid development driven by both technological innovation and market demand. Especially with the surge in AI computing power, the market is evolving towards higher efficiency, smaller size, and higher integration.

[0004] The core task of a power supply used for TEC temperature regulation is to provide a bidirectional, precisely adjustable current to drive the TEC for heating or cooling. Essentially, it is a precision current source controlled by temperature feedback, capable of both source (output) and sink (absorption) current.

[0005] To achieve heating or cooling, the direction of the current flowing through the TEC (Temperature Controlled Power Supply) needs to be changed. Traditional power supplies typically only output current in one direction, while TEC power supplies must have bidirectional current output capability, which is the most fundamental difference between them and ordinary power supplies.

[0006] The temperature control performance of a TEC (Temperature Control Device) system directly depends on the quality of its power supply driver. A complete temperature control system consists of three parts: a temperature sensor, a controller, and a TEC driver power supply. The sensor monitors the temperature, the controller calculates the temperature using a PID algorithm, and then instructs the driver power supply to output the corresponding current, forming a closed-loop control system.

[0007] Disadvantages of existing technology: Currently, most TEC temperature control devices use DC voltage source power supplies. The output of the voltage source is connected to an H-bridge circuit. The power output is adjusted via PWM to control the pulse width of the H-bridge at the corresponding temperature difference, and the direction of the PWM output is controlled to switch between heating and cooling output. This circuit configuration and implementation suffers from large voltage (current) pulse fluctuations, high energy consumption, and additional reactive power losses. Furthermore, the high-frequency switching and high-voltage surges can easily damage the TEC chip. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the deficiencies and shortcomings of the existing technologies, this invention provides an electrical layout based on optimal EMC, heat dissipation, and functional links. This layout enables precise current output to the TEC chip, allowing for rapid and accurate temperature control of the controlled object while improving the overall system efficiency. Compared to existing voltage source configurations, it significantly reduces system energy consumption, avoids output surges associated with existing voltage source modes, extends the lifespan of the TEC chip, and enhances the reliability and stability of the entire temperature control system. This results in a smaller, more powerful, more precise, and more intelligent controlled current source system for temperature regulation.

[0009] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a controlled current source system for temperature regulation, including a signal processing and TEC temperature control board, an input EMC processing section, a rectification and filtering section, an H-bridge power conversion section, an inductor and transformer section, an output rectification and filtering section, a heating and cooling commutation section, a voltage and current sampling section, and a low-voltage power supply section. The output terminals of the input EMC processing section are connected to the rectification and filtering section and the low-voltage power supply section respectively. The output terminal of the rectification and filtering section is connected to the H-bridge power conversion section. The output terminal of the H-bridge power conversion section is connected to the inductor and transformer section. The output terminal of the inductor and transformer section is connected to the output rectification and filtering section. The output terminal of the output rectification and filtering section is connected to the heating and cooling commutation section. The output terminal of the heating and cooling commutation section is connected to the voltage and current sampling section. The output terminal of the voltage and current sampling section is connected to the signal processing and TEC temperature control board. The output terminal of the low-voltage power supply section is connected to the signal processing and TEC temperature control board. The output terminals of the signal processing and TEC temperature control board are connected to the H-bridge power conversion section and the heating and cooling commutation section respectively. The three-phase AC power, after input EMC processing and rectification and filtering, forms a corresponding DC voltage, which is applied to the H-bridge power conversion circuit. The H-bridge circuit is driven by a PWM wave with a set duty cycle, and the output is sent to the power section of the inductor and transformer. The transformer output is sent to the rectification and filtering circuit to generate the expected current output. The system automatically adjusts the current magnitude according to the results of the control circuit, and adjusts the current output direction through the heating and cooling reversing circuit to achieve bidirectional switching between cooling and heating. The output current and the voltage generated by the output current across the load are fed back to the signal processing and TEC temperature control board through the voltage and current sampling circuit. The low-voltage power supply circuit provides low-voltage power to the control board and each drive circuit.

[0010] Preferably, the signal processing and TEC temperature control board is erected in the middle of the power supply enclosure, near the input / output interface board; the input EMC processing and rectification / filtering section is adjacent to the power input terminal, and the output is connected to the H-bridge power conversion section located on one side; the inductor and transformer section is located at the top of the signal processing and TEC temperature control board, between the H-bridge power conversion section and the output rectification / filtering section; the heating / cooling commutation section is adjacent to the output rectification / filtering section on one side and can share a heat sink; the voltage and current sampling section is located in the area between the heating / cooling commutation section and the signal processing and TEC temperature control board, and passes through the output current to the output terminal link; the low-voltage power supply section is located above the input EMC processing and rectification / filtering section, and the low-voltage output terminal is adjacent to the signal processing and TEC temperature control board.

[0011] This compact, high-power-density, and well-designed layout effectively directs power current flow, evenly distributes components requiring heat dissipation, and provides optimal heat dissipation channels. Simultaneously, the minimal loop path for power current and effective isolation between strong and weak currents ensure the entire system fully meets EMC requirements and operates stably and reliably.

[0012] Preferably, the signal processing and TEC temperature control board comprises a communication interface, a controlled area temperature detection circuit, a voltage and current feedback processing circuit, an arithmetic processing circuit, a PWM circuit, a heating and cooling commutation circuit, and a protection circuit; the controlled area temperature detection circuit and the voltage and current feedback processing circuit are connected to the input terminal of the arithmetic processing circuit, the PWM circuit, the heating and cooling commutation circuit, and the protection circuit are connected to the output terminal of the arithmetic processing circuit, and the communication interface is bidirectionally connected to the arithmetic processing circuit.

[0013] Preferably, the input EMC processing section and the rectification and filtering section consist of an EMC circuit, a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a soft-start circuit; the H-bridge power conversion section consists of an H-bridge power circuit and a drive circuit; the inductor and transformer section consists of a transformer, a resonant inductor, a capacitor, and a resonant current detection circuit; the output rectification and filtering section consists of a rectifier diode and an absorption circuit, a filter capacitor, and a filter inductor; the heating and cooling commutation section consists of a commutation H-bridge circuit and a power device drive circuit; the voltage and current sampling section consists of an output voltage detection circuit and an output current detection circuit; and the low-voltage power supply section consists of a high-voltage power supply to low-voltage power supply circuit and a low-voltage power supply to various required low-voltage power supply circuits.

[0014] The entire system is a classic closed-loop control system, which is implemented by signal processing and the TEC temperature control board.

[0015] Preferably, the communication interface receives the set temperature value, and / or the detected temperature value, or the difference between the set value and the feedback value, or the value calculated by PID between the set value and the feedback value. It can also enable communication between the power supply system and the host computer system. The controlled area temperature detection circuit serves as a backup function, which can convert the values ​​of the controlled area sensor into corresponding temperature values ​​for calculation and processing.

[0016] Preferably, the voltage and current feedback processing circuit processes the output current and output voltage feedback values ​​into values ​​required by the arithmetic processing circuit and sends them to the arithmetic processing circuit; the arithmetic processing circuit calculates and processes the received set value, feedback value, or calculated value transmitted back from communication to form a difference signal for controlling the duty cycle of the PWM wave, outputs it to the PWM circuit to form a corresponding PWM wave, drives the H-bridge power conversion circuit, and finally forms the expected output current.

[0017] Preferably, the heating / cooling commutation circuit determines whether to heat or cool by comparing the detected temperature of the controlled area with the set value, thereby generating a logic signal to control the commutation circuit, driving the heating / cooling commutation H-bridge circuit to change the current output direction and achieve heating or cooling. The protection circuit protects against current, voltage, and temperature conditions that exceed the set range and prohibits output.

[0018] Preferably, the arithmetic processing circuit is provided with a data processing and calculation unit, which is used to receive and process target temperature setting data, controlled temperature detection data, controlled object model data, output current, output voltage and TCL chip efficiency curve, and send the processed data to the PWM circuit.

[0019] Preferably, the controlled power supply system is a closed-loop control system. Its temperature sensor is closely attached to the control target and converts its real-time temperature into an electrical signal. This electrical signal is precisely compared with the set voltage value representing the desired temperature. The resulting difference is processed by an internal PID compensation network and used to control the drive current flowing to the TEC chip. When the target temperature deviates from the set point, the controlled power supply system automatically adjusts the magnitude and direction of the current, thereby realizing bidirectional switching between cooling and heating, correcting the temperature difference, and forming a stable and accurate temperature control loop.

[0020] Preferably, the closed-loop control system can establish a temperature control model based on the characteristics of the object being controlled, and achieve rapid and accurate temperature control without overshoot or oscillation by adding appropriate control methods such as feedforward. It can also control the output current to the optimal efficiency point of the TEC chip based on the parameter characteristics of the TEC chip, thereby achieving the lowest output power consumption for the same temperature control effect.

[0021] The advantages of this invention are: 1. Based on the optimal electrical layout for EMC, heat dissipation, and functional links, it achieves smaller size, stronger output, higher precision, and greater intelligence; 2. Using a precision current source to drive the thermoelectric cooler (TEC) is the core and mainstream design concept for achieving a high-precision temperature control system. The cooling / heating effect of the TEC is directly and precisely determined by the magnitude and direction of the current flowing through it, which is the fundamental reason why current control is superior to voltage control. At the same time, under various conditions such as different temperature differences between the hot and cold surfaces, different temperature points at the chip control terminal, and heating or cooling, the TEC chip needs to be matched with different current values ​​to achieve optimal heat conversion efficiency. Using precision current control of the TEC chip can achieve the best energy-saving effect compared to voltage source control. When an appropriate current source is output to the TEC chip, the voltage across the TEC chip is the TEC chip resistance multiplied by the current flowing through the chip, which will not cause impact on the chip like a voltage source. This achieves more efficient energy utilization and smoother temperature management, effectively protects the chip, and increases its lifespan. 3. In terms of structural layout, while achieving high power density, it can also achieve effective and uniform heat dissipation. At the same time, this structural layout optimizes the EMC design of the entire power link, enabling stable and reliable operation. Its core lies in the coordinated design of high power density in three dimensions: functional link, EMC and thermal design, which is the key to ensuring system stability and precise temperature control. 4. It can achieve precise current output to the TEC chip, which can quickly and accurately control the temperature of the controlled object while improving the efficiency of the entire system. Compared with the existing voltage source, it greatly reduces the system energy consumption, avoids the output impact of the existing voltage source mode, extends the service life of the TEC chip, and improves the reliability and stability of the entire temperature control system. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a wiring diagram of the system components of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural layout diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 and Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a wiring diagram of the components for the signal processing and TEC temperature control board in this invention; Figure 6 This is a block diagram illustrating the signal processing and TEC temperature control board in this invention. The diagram shows: 1. Signal processing and TEC temperature control board; 2. Input EMC processing and rectification / filtering section; 3. H-bridge power conversion section; 4. Inductor and transformer section; 5. Output rectification / filtering section; 6. Heating / cooling commutation section; 7. Voltage and current sampling section; 8. Low-voltage power supply section. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a controlled current source system for TEC temperature regulation consists of the following parts: signal processing and TEC temperature control board, input EMC processing and rectification and filtering section, H-bridge power conversion section, inductor and transformer section, output rectification and filtering section, heating and cooling commutation section, voltage and current sampling section, and low-voltage power supply section.

[0025] The signal processing and TEC temperature control board consists of a communication interface, a controlled area temperature detection circuit, a voltage and current feedback processing circuit, an arithmetic processing circuit, a PWM circuit, a heating and cooling reversal circuit, and a protection circuit. The input EMC processing and rectification filtering section consists of an EMC circuit, a rectification circuit, a filtering circuit, and a soft-start circuit. The H-bridge power conversion section consists of an H-bridge power circuit and a drive circuit. The inductor and transformer section consists of a transformer, a resonant inductor, a capacitor, and a resonant current detection circuit; The output rectification and filtering section consists of rectifier diodes and absorption circuits, filter capacitors and filter inductors; The heating and cooling commutation section consists of a commutation H-bridge circuit and a power device drive circuit. The voltage and current sampling section consists of an output voltage detection circuit and an output current detection circuit. The low-voltage power supply section consists of a high-voltage power supply conversion circuit to a low-voltage power supply circuit, and a low-voltage power supply conversion circuit to various required low-voltage power supply circuits. The aforementioned components can be further divided into more components, or several components can be combined into one component, but the overall composition remains unchanged and does not affect the description of the current source system composition in this application.

[0026] like Figure 2-4As shown, the structural layout of this controlled current source system is as follows: the signal processing and TEC temperature control board 1 is erected in the middle of the power supply box, near the input / output interface board; the input EMC processing and rectification / filtering section 2 is adjacent to the power input terminal, and the output is connected to the H-bridge power conversion section 3 located on one side; the inductor and transformer section 4 is located at the top of the signal processing and TEC temperature control board 1, between the H-bridge power conversion section 3 and the output rectification / filtering section 5; the heating / cooling commutation section 6 is adjacent to the output rectification / filtering section 5 on one side and can share a heat sink; the voltage and current sampling section 7 is located in the area between the heating / cooling commutation section 6 and the signal processing and TEC temperature control board 1, and passes through the output current to the output terminal link; the low-voltage power supply section 8 is located above the input EMC processing and rectification / filtering section 2, and the low-voltage output terminal is adjacent to the signal processing and TEC temperature control board 1.

[0027] This compact, high-power-density, and well-designed layout effectively directs power current flow, evenly distributes components requiring heat dissipation, and provides optimal heat dissipation channels. Simultaneously, the minimal loop path for power current and effective isolation between strong and weak currents ensure the entire system fully meets EMC requirements and operates stably and reliably.

[0028] The working process of this controlled current source system is as follows: Three-phase AC power, after input EMC processing and rectification / filtering, forms a corresponding DC voltage, which is applied to the H-bridge power conversion circuit. A PWM wave with a set duty cycle drives the H-bridge circuit, outputting to the inductor and transformer power section. The transformer output is then sent to the rectification / filtering circuit to generate the expected current output. The system automatically adjusts the current magnitude based on the control circuit results and adjusts the current output direction through a heating / cooling reversing circuit, thus achieving bidirectional switching between cooling and heating. The output current and the voltage generated across the load are fed back to the signal processing and TEC temperature control board via a voltage and current sampling circuit. A low-voltage power supply circuit provides low-voltage power to the control board and each drive component. Example 2

[0029] A controlled current source system for TEC temperature regulation is presented. The entire system is a classic closed-loop control, which is implemented by signal processing and the TEC temperature control board. Figure 5 and 6As shown, the signal processing and TEC temperature control board consists of a communication interface, a controlled area temperature detection circuit, a voltage and current feedback processing circuit, an arithmetic processing circuit, a PWM circuit, a heating and cooling commutation circuit, and a protection circuit. The controlled area temperature detection circuit and the voltage and current feedback processing circuit are connected to the input terminal of the arithmetic processing circuit, while the PWM circuit, the heating and cooling commutation circuit, and the protection circuit are connected to the output terminal of the arithmetic processing circuit. The communication interface is bidirectionally connected to the arithmetic processing circuit. The arithmetic processing circuit includes a data processing and calculation unit for receiving and processing target temperature set data, controlled temperature detection data, controlled object model data, output current, output voltage, and TCL chip efficiency curves, and then transmitting the processed data to the PWM circuit. The communication interface receives the set temperature value, and / or the detected temperature value, or the difference between the set value and the feedback value, or the value calculated by PID between the set value and the feedback value. It also enables communication between the power supply system and the host computer system. The controlled area temperature detection circuit serves as a backup function, converting the sensor values ​​of the controlled area into corresponding temperature values ​​for arithmetic processing. The voltage and current feedback processing circuit processes the feedback values ​​of the output current and output voltage into the values ​​required by the arithmetic processing circuit, which then inputs these values ​​into the arithmetic processing circuit. The arithmetic processing circuit calculates and processes the received setpoint, feedback, or calculated values ​​transmitted via communication to form a difference signal used to control the duty cycle of the PWM wave. This signal is output to the PWM circuit to generate the corresponding PWM wave, driving the H-bridge power conversion circuit and ultimately producing the expected output current. The heating / cooling commutation circuit compares the detected temperature of the controlled area with the setpoint to determine whether to heat or cool, thus generating a logic signal to control the commutation circuit. This signal drives the heating / cooling commutation H-bridge circuit, changing the direction of the current output to achieve heating or cooling. The protection circuit protects against current, voltage, and temperature exceeding set ranges and disables output. Example 3

[0030] The entire system is a classic closed-loop control. A temperature sensor (such as a PT100 resistor) is placed close to the target temperature, converting its real-time temperature into an electrical signal. This signal is precisely compared with a set voltage value representing the desired temperature. The resulting difference is processed by an internal PID compensation network and used to control the drive current flowing to the TEC chip. When the target temperature deviates from the setpoint, the system automatically adjusts the magnitude and direction of the current, enabling bidirectional switching between cooling and heating, thereby correcting the temperature difference and forming a stable and precise temperature control loop.

[0031] Meanwhile, the closed-loop control system can establish a temperature control model based on the characteristics of the object being controlled, and achieve rapid and accurate temperature control without overshoot or oscillation fluctuations by incorporating appropriate control methods such as feedforward. Furthermore, based on the TEC chip's parameter characteristics, the output current can be controlled to the TEC chip's optimal efficiency point, achieving the lowest output power consumption for the same temperature control effect. Example 4

[0032] In this embodiment, a DC voltage power supply is used instead of the input EMC processing and rectification filtering section as the input; heating and cooling switching is performed externally, or only heating or only cooling is performed; and signal processing and TEC temperature control are implemented externally, providing PWM signals to the H-bridge power conversion section and / or the heating and cooling commutation section. Example 5

[0033] In this embodiment, the signal processing and TEC temperature control board only receives the corresponding output current signal and / or heating / cooling signal, and does not receive the set temperature and the detected temperature signal of the controlled object. It outputs as an independent and precise current source. The signal processing and TEC temperature control board receives the set value and the detected value through the communication interface, but does not include a temperature detection circuit.

[0034] The signal processing and TEC temperature control board's computational processing unit in this invention can be implemented analogally or entirely digitally.

[0035] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. A controlled current source system for temperature regulation, characterized in that: It includes a signal processing and TEC temperature control board, an input EMC processing section, a rectification and filtering section, an H-bridge power conversion section, an inductor and transformer section, an output rectification and filtering section, a heating and cooling commutation section, a voltage and current sampling section, and a low-voltage power supply section; The output terminals of the input EMC processing section are connected to the rectification and filtering section and the low-voltage power supply section respectively. The output terminal of the rectification and filtering section is connected to the H-bridge power conversion section. The output terminal of the H-bridge power conversion section is connected to the inductor and transformer section. The output terminal of the inductor and transformer section is connected to the output rectification and filtering section. The output terminal of the output rectification and filtering section is connected to the heating and cooling commutation section. The output terminal of the heating and cooling commutation section is connected to the voltage and current sampling section. The output terminal of the voltage and current sampling section is connected to the signal processing and TEC temperature control board. The output terminal of the low-voltage power supply section is connected to the signal processing and TEC temperature control board. The output terminals of the signal processing and TEC temperature control board are connected to the H-bridge power conversion section and the heating and cooling commutation section respectively. The three-phase AC power, after input EMC processing and rectification and filtering, forms a corresponding DC voltage, which is applied to the H-bridge power conversion circuit. The H-bridge circuit is driven by a PWM wave with a set duty cycle, and the output is sent to the power section of the inductor and transformer. The transformer output is sent to the rectification and filtering circuit to generate the expected current output. The system automatically adjusts the current magnitude according to the results of the control circuit, and adjusts the current output direction through the heating and cooling reversing circuit to achieve bidirectional switching between cooling and heating. The output current and the voltage generated by the output current across the load are fed back to the signal processing and TEC temperature control board through the voltage and current sampling circuit. The low-voltage power supply circuit provides low-voltage power to the control board and each drive circuit.

2. The controlled current source system for temperature regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing and TEC temperature control board is erected in the middle of the power supply box, near the input / output interface board; the input EMC processing and rectification / filtering section is right next to the power input terminal, and the output is connected to the H-bridge power conversion section located on one side; the inductor and transformer section is located at the top of the signal processing and TEC temperature control board, between the H-bridge power conversion section and the output rectification / filtering section. The heating and cooling reversing section is on the same side as the output rectification and filtering section and is adjacent to it, and can share a heat sink; the voltage and current sampling section is located in the middle area between the heating and cooling reversing section and the signal processing and TEC temperature control board, and passes through the output current to the output terminal link; the low voltage power supply section is located above the input EMC processing and rectification and filtering section, and the low voltage output terminal is next to the signal processing and TEC temperature control board.

3. The controlled current source system for temperature regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal processing and TEC temperature control board consists of a communication interface, a controlled area temperature detection circuit, a voltage and current feedback processing circuit, an arithmetic processing circuit, a PWM circuit, a heating and cooling commutation circuit, and a protection circuit. The controlled area temperature detection circuit and the voltage and current feedback processing circuit are connected to the input terminal of the arithmetic processing circuit, and the PWM circuit, the heating and cooling commutation circuit, and the protection circuit are connected to the output terminal of the arithmetic processing circuit. The communication interface is bidirectionally connected to the arithmetic processing circuit.

4. The controlled current source system for temperature regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The input EMC processing section and rectification and filtering section consist of an EMC circuit, a rectifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a soft-start circuit; the H-bridge power conversion section consists of an H-bridge power circuit and a drive circuit; the inductor and transformer section consists of a transformer, a resonant inductor, a capacitor, and a resonant current detection circuit; the output rectification and filtering section consists of a rectifier diode and an absorption circuit, a filter capacitor, and a filter inductor; the heating and cooling commutation section consists of a commutation H-bridge circuit and a power device drive circuit; the voltage and current sampling section consists of an output voltage detection circuit and an output current detection circuit; the low-voltage power supply section consists of a high-voltage power supply to low-voltage power supply circuit and a low-voltage power supply to various required low-voltage power supply circuits.

5. A controlled current source system for temperature regulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The communication interface can receive set temperature values, and / or detect temperature values ​​or the difference between set values ​​and feedback values, or the value calculated by PID between set values ​​and feedback values. It can also realize communication between the power supply system and the host computer system. The controlled area temperature detection circuit serves as a backup function, converting the sensor values ​​of the controlled area into corresponding temperature values ​​for computational processing.

6. A controlled current source system for temperature regulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The voltage and current feedback processing circuit processes the output current and output voltage feedback values ​​into the values ​​required by the arithmetic processing circuit, which then enters the arithmetic processing circuit. The arithmetic processing circuit calculates and processes the received set value, feedback value, or calculated value transmitted back from communication to form a difference signal for controlling the duty cycle of the PWM wave, which is then output to the PWM circuit to form a corresponding PWM wave, driving the H-bridge power conversion circuit, and finally forming the expected output current.

7. A controlled current source system for temperature regulation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating and cooling reversing circuit compares the detected temperature of the controlled area with the set value to determine whether to heat or cool, thereby generating a logic signal to control the reversing circuit, driving the heating and cooling reversing H-bridge circuit to change the direction of current output and achieve heating or cooling. The protection circuit protects against current, voltage, and temperature conditions that exceed the set range and prohibits output.

8. A controlled current source system for temperature regulation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The arithmetic processing circuit includes a data processing and calculation unit, which receives and processes target temperature setting data, controlled temperature detection data, controlled object model data, output current, output voltage and TCL chip efficiency curve, and sends the processed data to the PWM circuit.

9. A controlled current source system for temperature regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controlled power supply system is a closed-loop control system. Its temperature sensor is closely attached to the control target and converts its real-time temperature into an electrical signal. This electrical signal is precisely compared with the set voltage value representing the desired temperature. The resulting difference is processed by the internal PID compensation network and used to control the drive current flowing to the TEC chip. When the target temperature deviates from the set point, the controlled power supply system automatically adjusts the magnitude and direction of the current, thereby realizing bidirectional switching between cooling and heating, correcting the temperature difference, and forming a stable and accurate temperature control loop.

10. A controlled current source system for temperature regulation according to claim 9, characterized in that: Closed-loop control systems can establish a temperature control model based on the characteristics of the object being controlled. By incorporating appropriate control methods such as feedforward, they can achieve rapid and accurate temperature control without overshoot or oscillation. Furthermore, based on the parameter characteristics of the TEC chip, they can control the output current to the optimal efficiency point of the TEC chip, achieving the lowest output power consumption for the same temperature control effect.

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