A low-burr high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils

Abstract

The application provides a cold-rolled plate steel coil low-burr high-precision slitting and shearing process and belongs to the technical field of metal plate shearing processing. The application constructs a stress preposition release + dynamic parameter self-adaptive shearing system, breaks the technical limitation of traditional fixed process parameters, adapts to high-precision processing of full-specification cold-rolled plates, carries a full-process online closed-loop monitoring and correction system, realizes real-time error correction in the shearing process, and solves the industry problem of poor consistency of batch production precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal sheet shearing technology, and in particular to a low-burr, high-precision slitting shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils. Background Technology

[0002] Cold-rolled steel coils are widely used in high-end manufacturing fields such as home appliance panels, automotive parts, precision hardware, and electronic stamping parts. Downstream products have extremely high requirements for the edge quality, dimensional accuracy, and cross-sectional flatness of the steel coils after slitting. Slitting is the core process of deep processing of cold-rolled steel coils, which directly determines the subsequent stamping, bending, and welding performance of the finished sheet.

[0003] Currently, the traditional cold-rolled steel coil slitting and shearing process generally suffers from three major pain points, severely restricting the yield rate of high-end products: First, excessive edge burrs. After conventional shearing, the burr height generally reaches 15% to 25% of the plate thickness, which can easily cause subsequent mold scratches, part jamming, and surface defects, requiring additional grinding processes and increasing production costs. Second, large deviations in slitting dimensional accuracy. Conventional equipment with manual parameter adjustment and fixed gap shearing mode is prone to exceeding the strip width tolerance and edge perpendicularity deviation, resulting in poor dimensional consistency in batch production. Third, uneven quality of the sheared cross-section, with defects such as tear bands, indentations, and serrated edges, which are particularly prominent when processing high-strength cold-rolled plates and ultra-thin cold-rolled plates. Fourth, poor process adaptability. The traditional fixed parameter mode cannot be dynamically adapted according to the plate thickness and material strength, resulting in rapid tool wear, high equipment failure rate, and insufficient production stability.

[0004] Existing technologies mostly optimize tool clearance or shearing speed in isolation, lacking systematic process matching, dynamic control and pre-treatment mechanisms, and thus cannot simultaneously achieve synergistic improvements in ultra-low burrs, micron-level precision, high cross-sectional quality and long tool life.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention proposes a novel low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils. Through multi-process collaborative optimization, dynamic adaptive parameter control, tool structure optimization, and online closed-loop monitoring, the defects of traditional processes are completely solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils, addressing the aforementioned difficulties in the prior art through multi-process collaborative optimization, dynamic adaptive parameter control, tool structure optimization, and online closed-loop monitoring.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation Phase After the steel coil is fed and uncoiled, steel bars are obtained. The steel bars are then subjected to multi-stage stress straightening to obtain cold-rolled sheets with a smooth surface. S2: Parameter Preset The system has a built-in database of cold-rolled sheet process parameters, which can be used to input the sheet thickness t and tensile strength R. m Segment width, matching cutting parameters; S3: Slitting and Cutting The shearing speed and feeding tension are matched in real time during the shearing process; The slitting and shearing line is equipped with machine vision inspection modules and laser size inspection modules to detect slitting width tolerance, edge burr height, cross-section perpendicularity, and surface defects in real time. The inspection data is uploaded to the control system in real time to adjust the shearing speed and feeding tension during the shearing process, so as to achieve closed-loop adaptive production. S4: Collect the roll It adopts a segmented constant tension winding mode, and the winding tension is dynamically fine-tuned according to the shearing speed and the thickness of the board.

[0008] As an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage stress straightening uses multi-stage staggered straightening rollers to release the pre-stress of the uncoiled steel strip.

[0009] As an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-stage staggered leveling roller is a three-stage series roller system consisting of a pre-leveling stage, a strong deformation leveling stage, and a finishing leveling stage. The three-stage roller system is arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the strip. Each stage employs an alternating arrangement of upper and lower rollers, and the roller diameter and roller spacing of each stage decrease gradually along the direction of the strip.

[0010] As an embodiment of the present invention, in the pre-leveling stage, the working roll has a diameter of 45~55mm and a roll gap of 38~44mm.

[0011] As an embodiment of the present invention, in the high deformation leveling stage, the working roll has a diameter of 32~40mm and a roll gap of 26~32mm.

[0012] As an embodiment of the present invention, in the finishing and leveling stage, the working roll has a diameter of 24~30mm and a roll gap of 18~24mm.

[0013] As an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the plate is 0.1mm < t ≤ 1.0mm, and the tensile strength R m ≤350MPa, shearing parameters are: blade side gap is 1.5~2.5% of the thickness of the plate; blade overlap is 8~10% of the thickness of the plate.

[0014] As an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the plate is 1.0 mm < t ≤ 2.0 mm, and the tensile strength is 350 MPa < R. m≤450MPa, shearing parameters are: blade side gap is 2.5~3.5% of the thickness of the plate; blade overlap is 10~12% of the thickness of the plate.

[0015] As an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the plate is 2.0 mm < t, and the tensile strength is 450 MPa < R. m The shearing parameters are as follows: the blade clearance is 3.5 to 4.5% of the thickness of the plate; the blade overlap is 12 to 14% of the thickness of the plate.

[0016] As an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the plate is 0.1mm < t ≤ 1.0mm, and the shearing speed is 20m / min < shearing speed ≤ 40m / min.

[0017] As an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the plate is 1.0mm < t ≤ 2.0mm, and the shearing speed is 40m / min < shearing speed ≤ 80m / min.

[0018] As an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the plate is 2.0 mm < t, and the shearing speed is 30 m / min < 40 m / min.

[0019] As an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the plate is 0.1mm < t ≤ 1.0mm, the shearing speed is 20m / min < shearing speed ≤ 40m / min, and the feeding tension is 0.2MPa < feeding tension ≤ 0.5MPa.

[0020] As an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the plate is 1.0mm < t ≤ 2.0mm, 40m / min < shearing speed ≤ 80m / min, and 0.5MPa < feeding tension ≤ 1.0MPa.

[0021] As an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the plate is 2.0 mm < t, 30 m / min < shearing speed ≤ 40 m / min, and 1.0 MPa < feeding tension ≤ 1.5 MPa.

[0022] As an embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the segmented constant tension winding mode includes a starting section, a stabilizing section, and a winding section.

[0023] As an embodiment of the present invention, in step S4, the winding tension of the starting section, the stabilizing section, and the winding section satisfies the following condition: starting section < stabilizing section > winding section, and the winding tension of the winding section decreases at a uniform speed.

[0024] As an embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, when the detected edge burr height is ≤ 5% of the thickness of the board, and the edge burr height is > 5% of the thickness of the board, an alarm is triggered and the machine stops.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention constructs a stress pre-release + dynamic parameter adaptive shearing system, which breaks through the technical limitations of traditional fixed process parameters and is suitable for high-precision processing of cold-rolled sheets of all specifications; it also features a full-process online closed-loop monitoring and correction system to realize real-time error correction in the shearing process and solve the industry problem of poor precision consistency in mass production. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To better illustrate the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention, specific embodiments will be used to further explain the invention below. However, these embodiments do not limit the invention in any way. The technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0027] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0028] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0029] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be readily apparent to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0030] As used in this article: "Prepared from" is synonymous with "comprising". The terms "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", or any other variations thereof as used herein are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a composition, step, method, article, or apparatus that includes the listed elements is not necessarily limited to those elements, but may include other elements not expressly listed or elements inherent to such composition, step, method, article, or apparatus.

[0031] The conjunction "composed of..." excludes any unspecified elements, steps, or components. If used in a claim, this phrase makes the claim closed, excluding materials other than those described, except for associated conventional impurities. When the phrase "composed of..." appears in a clause of the body of a claim rather than immediately following it, it limits only the elements described in that clause; other elements are not excluded from the claim as a whole.

[0032] In these embodiments, unless otherwise specified, the portions and percentages are all by weight.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc., indicating orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0034] Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods, and equipment used in this invention are conventional in this technical field. Unless otherwise specified, all reagents and materials used in this invention are commercially available. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the parallel embodiments and comparative examples of this invention are the same.

[0035] In this invention, the technical features described in an open-ended manner include both closed-ended technical solutions composed of the listed features and open-ended technical solutions that include the listed features.

[0036] In this invention, numerical ranges are involved. Unless otherwise specified, the numerical ranges are considered continuous and include the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between the minimum and maximum values. Furthermore, when the range refers to integers, it includes every integer between the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range. Additionally, when multiple ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, the ranges may be merged. In other words, unless otherwise specified, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges to which they are included.

[0037] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation Phase After the steel coil is fed and uncoiled, steel bars are obtained. The steel bars are then subjected to multi-stage stress straightening to obtain cold-rolled sheets with a smooth surface. S2: Parameter Preset The system has a built-in database of cold-rolled sheet process parameters, which can be used to input the sheet thickness t and tensile strength R. m Segment width, matching cutting parameters; S3: Slitting and Cutting The shearing speed and feeding tension are matched in real time during the shearing process; The slitting and shearing line is equipped with machine vision inspection modules and laser size inspection modules to detect slitting width tolerance, edge burr height, cross-section perpendicularity, and surface defects in real time. The inspection data is uploaded to the control system in real time to adjust the shearing speed and feeding tension during the shearing process, so as to achieve closed-loop adaptive production. S4: Collect the roll It adopts a segmented constant tension winding mode, and the winding tension is dynamically fine-tuned according to the shearing speed and the thickness of the board.

[0038] This invention constructs a stress pre-release + dynamic parameter adaptive shearing system, which breaks through the technical limitations of traditional fixed process parameters and is suitable for high-precision processing of cold-rolled sheets of all specifications; it also features a full-process online closed-loop monitoring and correction system to realize real-time error correction in the shearing process and solve the industry problem of poor precision consistency in mass production.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-stage stress leveling uses multi-stage staggered leveling rollers to pre-release stress on the uncoiled steel strip. These multi-stage staggered leveling rollers are positioned after the uncoiling unit and before the slitting shearing blade holder. They are a core module for pre-stress control during slitting shearing, differing from conventional single-section equal-diameter leveling units. They employ a segmented, multi-stage gradient staggered roller system. The core purpose is to fully release the longitudinal residual stress of the incoming cold-rolled steel coil, eliminate edge waviness, local warping, and camber, improve the consistency of fiber stress distribution in the thickness direction of the strip, and prevent tearing, corner collapse, excessive burrs, and slitting width fluctuations on the shearing surface caused by strip warping and local stress rebound when the strip enters the disc shearing process. This reduces the probability of burr generation from the source of shearing.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the multi-stage staggered leveling rollers are a three-stage series roller system consisting of a pre-leveling stage, a high-deformation leveling stage, and a finishing leveling stage. The three stages are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the strip. Within each stage, upper and lower rollers are staggered and interwoven. The roller diameter and spacing of each stage decrease gradually along the strip direction, achieving a gradual decrease in the reduction amount. Equipped with segmented support roller groups, a servo-driven independent reduction mechanism, and an online strip shape sensing unit, a continuous transition process from large deformation plastic stretching to low residual stress finishing of the strip is achieved.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pre-leveling stage, as the first-level unit, is mainly used to eliminate the residual curl memory after the steel coil is uncoiled. The roller system adopts a relatively large roller diameter, and the upper and lower leveling rollers are arranged alternately. The reduction amount of this stage is set to the maximum of the third stage, so that the strip undergoes large-amplitude alternating bending in both directions. The "Bauschinger effect" is used to break the original curl stress state of the strip and eliminate macroscopic warping and large wave defects. The working roller diameter of the pre-leveling stage is set to 45~55mm, the roller spacing is 38~44mm, and the matching backing support roller shares the roller body deflection deformation to ensure uniform stress across the entire width of the strip and avoid the phenomenon of adequate leveling in the middle and insufficient leveling at the edges. The pre-leveling stage does not pursue the final flatness, but focuses on completing the elimination of macroscopic deformation, eliminating large curvature curling in the output strip, and retaining a certain plastic deformation allowance to enter the next level unit.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, the high-deformation leveling stage is the second-level unit and the core section for stress release. Compared with the pre-leveling stage, the roller diameter and roller spacing are reduced simultaneously. The roller diameter of the working roller is 32~40mm and the roller spacing is 26~32mm. The staggered density of the upper and lower rollers is increased. The strip is repeatedly subjected to multiple small-radius forward and reverse bending in this unit, which promotes the plastic uniform extension of the metal fibers in the thickness direction of the strip and makes the fiber length at different positions in the transverse direction of the strip tend to be consistent, thus eliminating the uneven residual stress inside the cold-rolled material. Each set of upper leveling rollers in this stage is equipped with an independent servo ball screw pressing mechanism, which can realize the vertical displacement adjustment of a single roller by ±0.01mm. Local differentiated pressing compensation can be implemented for the wavy defects at the edge of the strip, suppressing the warping and springback of narrow strips after slitting. Multiple sets of backing support rollers are set inside the high-deformation leveling stage. The support rollers are arranged in line contact with the working rollers to suppress the deflection of the working rollers under load, ensure the leveling accuracy of the entire width, and prevent indentation damage on the surface of the strip.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, the finishing and leveling stage is the third-level unit, located adjacent to the feed inlet of the disc slitting shear. The roller diameter is further narrowed to 24-30 mm, the roller gap is 18-24 mm, the reduction gradient is reduced, the bending deformation gradually decreases, and the degree of plastic deformation of the strip decreases when it passes through this stage, with elastic adjustment as the main method. This further smooths out local minor strip shape fluctuations and controls the residual stress level of the strip within a low range. A laser strip shape detection module is installed at the exit position of the finishing and leveling stage to collect strip flatness and warpage data in real time. The data is then fed back to the servo reduction system of the three-stage roller system in a closed loop to dynamically correct the reduction parameters of each stage. This ensures that the flatness of the strip fed into the disc shear is ≤0.04 mm / m, and that the strip has no obvious warpage or waviness. It ensures that the strip is straight and close to the gap of the disc shear blades, avoiding the strip from moving up and down or warping up locally during the shearing process. This reduces the tearing effect of the blades on the strip and reduces the generation of burrs, collapsed corners, and tearing defects at the shearing edges.

[0044] In this invention, the roller body material of the multi-stage staggered leveling rollers is selected from high-chromium alloy tool steel, the roller surface is hardened to HRC62-65, and the roller surface is ultra-precision ground to achieve a roughness Ra≤0.4μm, thus avoiding scratches on the coating or substrate surface of the cold-rolled sheet. The roller system drive adopts synchronous frequency conversion roller drive to ensure that the linear speed of each leveling roller matches the feeding speed of the production line, preventing scratches and tensile deformation on the strip surface. Floating transition guide rollers are set between the three-stage roller system to stabilize the strip tension, eliminate inter-stage speed disturbances, and prevent strip vibration from affecting the subsequent shearing accuracy.

[0045] In terms of process linkage logic, a process parameter linkage mechanism is established between the multi-stage staggered leveling rollers and the rear disc slitting and shearing unit. When the thickness and yield strength of the incoming material change, the system automatically matches the roller gap and reduction parameters of the pre-leveling stage, the high deformation leveling stage, and the finishing leveling stage according to the incoming material parameters. When the warpage of the strip exceeds the standard, the reduction of the high deformation leveling stage is increased first, and then the parameters of the pre-leveling stage are finely adjusted. The finishing leveling stage makes the final correction. After being processed by the multi-stage staggered leveling rollers, the residual stress inside the strip is fully released. When the strip enters the disc shear, it always remains flat and close to the blade gap. The shearing process is a pure shearing fracture mode, reducing tearing behavior. This achieves the goal of controlling the edge burr height of the slitting steel strip to ≤0.02mm, meeting the process target of low burr and high precision slitting.

[0046] The innovative difference between multi-stage staggered leveling rolls and traditional single-segment leveling rolls lies in the fact that traditional single-segment leveling rolls have uniform roll diameter and spacing, which can easily cause over-leveling of the strip under high pressure and incomplete stress release under low pressure. In contrast, this solution adopts a three-stage gradient staggered segmentation mode to complete "de-curling memory - deep stress release - strip shape finishing" in sequence, completing the deformation step by step, taking into account both macroscopic defect elimination and microscopic stress uniformity. It is especially suitable for cold-rolled thin plate slitting, solving the technical pain point of existing slitting processes that rely solely on the precision control of disc shear blades to control burrs, ignoring the excessive shearing burrs caused by stress rebound of the incoming strip.

[0047] This invention also abandons the traditional fixed-ratio gap and precisely adapts shearing parameters such as blade side gap and blade overlap according to the type of sheet material, as detailed below: In some embodiments of the present invention, when the thickness of the plate is 0.1 mm < t ≤ 1.0 mm and the tensile strength R... m When the pressure is ≤350MPa (belonging to ultra-thin soft cold-rolled sheet), the shearing parameters are: the blade clearance is 1.5~2.5% of the thickness of the sheet; the blade overlap is 8~10% of the thickness of the sheet.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the thickness of the plate is 1.0 mm < t ≤ 2.0 mm and the tensile strength is 350 MPa < R mWhen the pressure is ≤450MPa (belonging to conventional cold-rolled sheet), the shearing parameters are: the blade clearance is 2.5~3.5% of the sheet thickness; the blade overlap is 10~12% of the sheet thickness.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, when the thickness of the plate is 2.0 mm < t and the tensile strength is 450 MPa < R... m When the plate is high-strength cold-rolled steel, the shearing parameters are: the blade clearance is 3.5 to 4.5% of the thickness of the plate; the blade overlap is 12 to 14% of the thickness of the plate.

[0050] This invention breaks through the traditional fixed parameter model by establishing a dynamic parameter model with thickness and strength as two dimensions. All parameters have been optimized through batch testing. The thickness-strength dual-dimensional gap and overlap matching model are the core innovations of the process. Compared with the traditional fixed gap of 5-10%, this parameter system can significantly reduce the fracture zone width, and the burr height can be stably controlled within 5% of the plate thickness, down to as low as 0.02mm.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the selection of the shearing speed satisfies the following conditions: the thickness of the plate is 0.1 mm < t ≤ 1.0 mm, and 20 m / min < shearing speed ≤ 40 m / min.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the selection of the shearing speed satisfies the following conditions: the thickness of the plate is 1.0 mm < t ≤ 2.0 mm, and 40 m / min < shearing speed ≤ 80 m / min.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the selection of the shearing speed satisfies the following conditions: the thickness of the plate is 2.0 mm < t, and 30 m / min < shearing speed ≤ 40 m / min.

[0054] Feed tension, also known as inlet tension, is controlled by a programmable logic controller (PLC) to apply a uniform traction force to the strip before it enters the shearing zone via the pre-traction mechanism. This force acts on the inlet section of the uncoiler → leveling roller → disc shear, aiming to straighten the strip, eliminate post-leveling slack, ensure the strip is flat and adheres well to the blade, and prevent vibration and deviation, thus providing a stable substrate posture for high-precision gap shearing. Thinner sheets require lower tension, while thicker sheets require slightly higher tension, primarily to match the sheet thickness and prevent tensile deformation.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feeding tension satisfies the following conditions: the thickness of the sheet material is 0.1 mm < t ≤ 1.0 mm, 20 m / min < shearing speed ≤ 40 m / min, and 0.2 MPa < feeding tension ≤ 0.5 MPa. Low speed and low tension prevent tensile deformation.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feeding tension satisfies the following conditions: the thickness of the plate is 1.0 mm < t ≤ 2.0 mm, 40 m / min < shearing speed ≤ 80 m / min, and 0.5 MPa < feeding tension ≤ 1.0 MPa, thus balancing quality and efficiency.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feeding tension satisfies the following conditions: the thickness of the plate is 2.0 mm < t, 30 m / min < shearing speed ≤ 40 m / min, and 1.0 MPa < feeding tension ≤ 1.5 MPa. High tension ensures the plate fits together and avoids shearing deviation.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cutting tool for shearing has been further optimized, wherein: the material is modified H13 mold steel (Cr-Mo-V strengthened modification), with a hardness of HRC58~62 and wear resistance improved by more than 40%; the blade inclination angle is optimized to 14°, and the blade tip radius is precisely controlled at 0.08~0.12mm to avoid sharp corner chipping and blunt edge material accumulation; the flatness of the tool end face is ≤0.003mm to ensure the parallelism of the upper and lower blades and eliminate burr defects caused by uneven local gaps.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, if the detected edge burr height is ≤ 5% of the sheet thickness, and the edge burr height is > 5% of the sheet thickness, an alarm is triggered and the machine is stopped. The detection data is uploaded to the control system in real time, and the clearance and correction parameters are automatically adjusted for minor deviations to achieve closed-loop adaptive production. When abnormal data exceeds a threshold, an alarm is triggered and the machine is stopped automatically to avoid the production of batches of defective products.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, the threshold settings for each parameter are as follows: (1) Slitting width tolerance: ±0.03mm; (2) Height of edge burrs: ≤5% of plate thickness, not exceeding 0.05mm; (3) Perpendicularity of the shear section: 90°±0.2°; (4) Surface roughness: Ra≤1.6μm, no tear bands, serrated edges, or indentation defects.

[0061] An optimized micro-blade disc cutter assembly, combined with a dynamic tension control system, is used to perform uniform low-stress shearing. During the shearing process, speed, tension, and gap parameters are matched in real time to avoid edge tearing and burr accumulation caused by high-speed shearing vibration and uneven tension, ensuring that each steel coil has a flat edge and a uniform cross-section.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, step S4 employs a segmented constant tension dynamic adaptive winding mode to adapt to the winding and forming requirements of slit steel coils of different specifications, such as cold-rolled thin plates, conventional plates, and high-strength cold-rolled plates. This solves the technical defects of traditional single constant tension winding processes, such as tensile deformation of ultra-thin plates, width and size drift of thin materials, loose interlayers of thick plates, end face wrinkles, and tapered coils. This winding process is coupled in real time with the front-end slitting and shearing process, abandoning the fixed tension output mode and constructing a system based on plate thickness and tensile strength R. m A multi-dimensional tension control model with real-time shearing speed as the core variable enables continuous, smooth, and dynamic micro-adjustment of winding tension, ensuring the consistency of steel coil forming and the mechanical integrity of the strip after slitting.

[0063] After slitting, the multiple narrow steel strips will not stack, shift, or deviate from each other. To ensure that each steel strip is neatly arranged and wound up, and to avoid tower-shaped, misaligned, or uneven end faces in the steel coils, the following measures are taken. The winding tension is applied by a servo drive system on the winding drum located downstream of the disc shearing station. The actual tension signal of each steel strip after slitting is collected in real time by a floating tension roller and tension sensors. A programmable logic controller (PLC) determines the tension based on the sheet thickness and tensile strength R... m Real-time shearing speed and real-time winding diameter are used for dynamic torque compensation to achieve segmented constant tension control. The winding tension acts on the finished steel strip after shearing, and its function is to maintain the stability of the posture of multiple slit steel strips during the conveying process, prevent the steel strips from shifting or deviating, ensure that the layers of the steel coil are tightly and evenly bonded, and prevent defects such as loose coiling, collapse, and towering. At the same time, it avoids excessive tension causing tensile deformation of the thin plate, protects the quality of the low-burr cross-section obtained after shearing, and avoids secondary damage to the edges of the steel strip caused by steel strip vibration and interlayer friction.

[0064] Specifically, the winding system uses a programmable logic controller (PLC) to control the real-time operating speed of the slitting and shearing station, the nominal thickness (t) of the incoming sheet material, and the tensile strength (R) of the sheet material. m The mechanical parameters are automatically matched to the reference winding tension of the corresponding range (specifically, the tension of the stable winding section), and millisecond-level dynamic compensation and correction are performed based on production line speed fluctuations and strip tension fluctuation signals. This is applicable to ultra-thin cold-rolled sheets with thicknesses of 0.1~1.0mm and low R... m For soft cold-rolled sheets, the system automatically matches low-threshold, high-sensitivity fine-tuning tension parameters and employs low-speed, low-tension flexible winding logic to avoid problems such as stretching and elongation of ultra-thin sheets and strips, reduction in slitting width, and slight deformation of the sheet edges under high-tension conditions. This precisely ensures the dimensional accuracy and flatness of the slitting sheets. It is suitable for medium-thickness sheets with a thickness of 2.0~3.0mm and high R... mFor high-strength cold-rolled steel sheets, the system automatically increases the benchmark winding tension and optimizes the tension compensation coefficient, overcoming the inherent rigidity and rebound of thick plates and the poor interlayer adhesion. This effectively eliminates defects such as loose interlayers, slippage, end face wrinkles, and loose coiling during the winding process, ensuring that the steel coil is tightly wound, with flat end faces and tight interlayer adhesion.

[0065] Meanwhile, this segmented winding mode employs a three-stage tension gradient control logic—starting, stabilizing, and winding-to-end—to achieve defect-free winding throughout the entire process: A small pretension is used during the starting stage to avoid initial winding slippage and misalignment; during the stabilizing production stage, adaptive constant tension is output to ensure consistent forming during continuous production; and during the winding-to-end deceleration stage, tension is automatically reduced in a gradient to prevent loosening of the roll layer and warping of the board edges caused by sudden tension changes during shutdown, completely solving the batch forming defects that easily occur during the start and stop stages of traditional constant tension winding. Throughout the entire winding process, the winding tension and shearing speed are synchronized and adaptively matched with the board parameters, ensuring no stress changes, forced stretching, or slack accumulation in the strip. This maximizes the preservation of excellent edge quality and dimensional accuracy after slitting and avoids secondary damage to the low-burr, high-precision forming effect during the winding process.

[0066] After the steel coil is coiled and formed, a standardized finished product sampling inspection process is performed. Specialized and precise inspections are conducted on the core optimization indicators of this process, covering three core modules: dimensional accuracy, edge quality, and sheared section quality of the finished product. Dimensional accuracy focuses on inspecting the width tolerance of individual steel strips, the consistency of the overall coil width, and the straightness and perpendicularity of the strip. Edge quality focuses on inspecting defects such as burr height, flanges, collapsed corners, and serrated edges, verifying that the burr height of the finished product is consistently controlled within 5% of the plate thickness. Section quality focuses on inspecting defects such as the flatness, roughness, tear bands, indentations, and micro-cracks of the sheared section. All inspection data is recorded and archived in real time, forming a full-process quality traceability ledger. Finished steel coils that meet the process standards in terms of dimensional accuracy, edge quality, and section quality are marked as qualified and stored in the warehouse according to their classification. Unqualified products are automatically marked and isolated to prevent defective finished products from flowing into downstream processes, ensuring the stability and consistency of batch product quality.

[0067] This invention features a closed-loop linkage between various processes, including steel coil feeding, intelligent uncoiling, multi-stage stress leveling, precise deviation correction and positioning, parameter adaptive matching, micron-level gap knife adjustment, low-burr slitting and shearing, online quality inspection, stable tension winding, and finished product unloading and inspection.

[0068] The finished product qualification rate of the process of this invention is over 95%.

[0069] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the reagents, methods, and equipment used in the present invention are all conventional reagents, methods, and equipment in this technical field. Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the parallel embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention are the same. Example 1

[0070] A low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils is provided, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation Phase After the steel coil is fed and uncoiled, a steel strip is obtained. The uncoiled steel strip is subjected to pre-stress release by a multi-stage staggered leveling roller system. The multi-stage staggered leveling roller system consists of a three-stage series roller system: a pre-leveling stage, a high-deformation leveling stage, and a finishing leveling stage. The three stages are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the strip. Each stage uses an alternating arrangement of upper and lower rollers. ① In the pre-leveling stage, the working roller has a diameter of 48mm and a roller spacing of 44mm; ② In the high-deformation leveling stage, the working roller has a diameter of 35mm and a roller spacing of 30mm; ③ In the finishing leveling stage, the working roller has a diameter of 30mm and a roller spacing of 20mm. A cold-rolled sheet with a smooth surface is obtained; S2: Parameter Preset The system has a built-in database of cold-rolled sheet material process parameters. Based on the input sheet thickness t=1.5mm and tensile strength R... m =400MPa, the blade clearance is 0.45mm of the thickness of the plate, and the blade overlap is 0.15mm; S3: Slitting and Cutting Cutting tools: Modified H13 mold steel (Cr-Mo-V strengthened modification) with a hardness of HRC58~62; the cutting edge inclination angle is 14°, the tip radius is precisely controlled at 0.10mm, and the flatness of the cutting end face is 0.001mm; Based on the thickness and tensile strength of the sheet material, the shearing speed is set to 60 m / min and the feeding tension to 0.8 MPa. The entire slitting and shearing line is equipped with machine vision inspection modules and laser dimension inspection modules to detect slitting width tolerance, edge burr height, cross-section perpendicularity, and surface defects in real time. The inspection data is uploaded to the control system in real time to adjust the shearing speed and feeding tension during the shearing process, so as to achieve closed-loop adaptive production. The detection data is uploaded to the control system in real time. For minor deviations, the system automatically fine-tunes the gap and correction parameters to achieve closed-loop adaptive production. When abnormal data exceeds the threshold, the system automatically alarms and shuts down to prevent batch defects. The threshold settings for each parameter are as follows: (1) Slitting width tolerance: ±0.03mm; (2) Height of edge burrs: ≤5% of plate thickness, not exceeding 0.05mm; (3) Perpendicularity of the shear section: 90°±0.2°; (4) Surface roughness: Ra≤1.6μm, no tear bands, serrated edges, or indentation defects; S4: Collect the roll A segmented constant tension winding mode is adopted for winding, which includes a starting section, a stabilizing section, and a winding section. The winding tension is set as follows: Starting section: 0.5MPa; Stable section: 1.2MPa; Rewinding section: The winding tension is reduced uniformly from 1.2 MPa at a rate of 0.2 MPa / min until the winding tension drops to 0 MPa, completing the winding process; After being wound up, the products are inspected. The average burr height of the finished product is 2% of the plate thickness. A batch of 100 rolls is produced, and the pass rate is 98%, meaning that only 2 out of 100 rolls have defects. Example 2

[0071] A low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils is provided, comprising the following steps: S1: Preparation Phase After the steel coil is fed and uncoiled, a steel strip is obtained. The uncoiled steel strip is subjected to pre-stress release by a multi-stage staggered leveling roller system. The multi-stage staggered leveling roller system consists of a three-stage series roller system: a pre-leveling stage, a high-deformation leveling stage, and a finishing leveling stage. The three stages are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the strip. Each stage uses an alternating arrangement of upper and lower rollers. ① In the pre-leveling stage, the working roller has a diameter of 48mm and a roller spacing of 44mm; ② In the high-deformation leveling stage, the working roller has a diameter of 35mm and a roller spacing of 30mm; ③ In the finishing leveling stage, the working roller has a diameter of 30mm and a roller spacing of 20mm. A cold-rolled sheet with a smooth surface is obtained; S2: Parameter Preset The system has a built-in database of cold-rolled sheet process parameters. Based on the input sheet thickness t=0.5mm and tensile strength R... m =300MPa, the blade clearance is 0.075mm of the thickness of the plate, and the blade overlap is 0.04mm; S3: Slitting and Cutting Cutting tools: Modified H13 mold steel (Cr-Mo-V strengthened modification) with a hardness of HRC58~62; the cutting edge inclination angle is 14°, the tip radius is precisely controlled at 0.10mm, and the flatness of the cutting end face is 0.001mm; Based on the thickness and tensile strength of the sheet material, the shearing speed is set to 30 m / min and the feeding tension to 0.4 MPa. The entire slitting and shearing line is equipped with machine vision inspection modules and laser dimension inspection modules to detect slitting width tolerance, edge burr height, cross-section perpendicularity, and surface defects in real time. The inspection data is uploaded to the control system in real time to adjust the shearing speed and feeding tension during the shearing process, so as to achieve closed-loop adaptive production. The detection data is uploaded to the control system in real time. For minor deviations, the system automatically fine-tunes the gap and correction parameters to achieve closed-loop adaptive production. When abnormal data exceeds the threshold, the system automatically alarms and shuts down to prevent batch defects. The threshold settings for each parameter are as follows: (1) Slitting width tolerance: ±0.03mm; (2) Height of edge burrs: ≤5% of plate thickness, not exceeding 0.05mm; (3) Perpendicularity of the shear section: 90°±0.2°; (4) Surface roughness: Ra≤1.6μm, no tear bands, serrated edges, or indentation defects; S4: Collect the roll A segmented constant tension winding mode is adopted for winding, which includes a starting section, a stabilizing section, and a winding section. The winding tension is set as follows: Starting section: 0.2MPa; Stable section: 0.4 MPa; Rewinding section: The winding tension is reduced uniformly from 0.4 MPa at a rate of 0.05 MPa / min until the winding tension drops to 0 MPa, completing the winding process; After being rolled up, the products are inspected. The average burr height of the finished product is 1% of the plate thickness. A batch of 100 rolls is produced, and the pass rate is 96%.

[0072] Comparative Example 1 A low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils is provided, which is prepared according to the process of Example 2, but differs from Example 2 in that: In step S1, multi-stage staggered leveling rolls perform pre-stress release on the uncoiled steel strip. The rolls are of uniform specifications, with a working roll diameter of 48mm and a roll gap of 44mm. No threshold values ​​were set for each parameter in step S3; In the final coiled product, the average burr height is 10% of the plate thickness, and the batch pass rate is 85%.

[0073] Comparative Example 2 A low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils is provided. The process is prepared according to the process of Example 2, except that the difference from Example 2 is that the coiling in step S4 is under constant tension of 0.4 MPa. In the final coiled product, the average burr height is 5% of the plate thickness, and the batch pass rate is 92%.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this application without departing from the substance and scope of the technical solutions of this application.

Claims

1. A low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Preparation Phase After the steel coil is fed and uncoiled, steel bars are obtained. The steel bars are then subjected to multi-stage stress straightening to obtain cold-rolled sheets with a smooth surface. S2: Parameter Preset The system has a built-in database of cold-rolled sheet process parameters, which can be used to input the sheet thickness t and tensile strength R. m Slit width, matching blade clearance and overlap; S3: Slitting and Cutting The shearing speed and feeding tension are matched in real time during the shearing process; The slitting and shearing line is equipped with machine vision inspection modules and laser size inspection modules to detect slitting width tolerance, edge burr height, cross-section perpendicularity, and surface defects in real time. The inspection data is uploaded to the control system in real time to adjust the shearing speed and feeding tension during the shearing process, so as to achieve closed-loop adaptive production. S4: Collect the roll It adopts a segmented constant tension winding mode, and the winding tension is dynamically fine-tuned according to the shearing speed and the thickness of the board.

2. The low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage stress straightening uses multi-stage staggered straightening rollers to release pre-stress on the uncoiled steel strip.

3. The low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils according to claim 2, characterized in that, The multi-stage staggered leveling rollers are a three-stage series of rollers: pre-leveling, high-deformation leveling, and finishing leveling. The three rollers are arranged sequentially along the conveying direction of the strip. Each stage has upper and lower rollers staggered and interspersed. The roller diameter and roller spacing of each stage decrease gradually along the direction of the strip.

4. The low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils according to claim 3, characterized in that, The three-stage tandem roller system satisfies at least one of the following characteristics: (1) In the pre-leveling stage, the working roll diameter is 45~55mm and the roll gap is 38~44mm; (2) In the high deformation leveling stage, the working roll diameter is 32~40mm and the roll gap is 26~32mm; (3) In the finishing and leveling stage, the working roll diameter is 24~30mm and the roll gap is 18~24mm.

5. The low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, at least one of the following features is satisfied: (1) The thickness of the plate is 0.1mm < t ≤ 1.0mm, and the tensile strength R m ≤350MPa, shear parameters are: The blade clearance is 1.5 to 2.5% of the thickness of the plate. The overlap of the blades is 8-10% of the thickness of the plate. (2) The thickness of the plate is 1.0 mm < t ≤ 2.0 mm, and the tensile strength is 350 MPa < R. m ≤450MPa, shear parameters are: The blade clearance is 2.5~3.5% of the thickness of the plate material; The blade overlap is 10-12% of the thickness of the plate. (3) The thickness of the plate is 2.0 mm < t, and the tensile strength is 450 MPa < R. m The shearing parameters are: The blade clearance is 3.5~4.5% of the thickness of the plate. The blade overlap is 12-14% of the thickness of the plate.

6. The low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the selection of the shear rate satisfies at least one of the following characteristics: (1) The thickness of the plate is 0.1mm < t ≤ 1.0mm, and the shearing speed is 20m / min < 40m / min; (2) The thickness of the plate is 1.0mm < t ≤ 2.0mm, and 40m / min < shearing speed ≤ 80m / min; (3) The thickness of the plate is 2.0 mm < t, 30 m / min < shearing speed ≤ 40 m / min.

7. The low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The feeding tension satisfies: (1) The thickness of the plate is 0.1mm < t ≤ 1.0mm, 20m / min < shearing speed ≤ 40m / min, and 0.2MPa < feeding tension ≤ 0.5MPa; (2) The thickness of the plate is 1.0mm < t ≤ 2.0mm, 40m / min < shearing speed ≤ 80m / min, and 0.5MPa < feeding tension ≤ 1.0MPa; (3) The thickness of the plate is 2.0mm < t, 30m / min < shearing speed ≤ 40m / min, 1.0MPa < feeding tension ≤ 1.5MPa.

8. The low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the segmented constant tension winding mode includes a starting section, a stabilizing section, and a winding section.

9. The low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step S4, the winding tension of the starting section, the stabilizing section, and the winding section satisfies the following condition: starting section < stabilizing section > winding section, and the winding tension of the winding section decreases at a uniform speed.

10. The low-burr, high-precision slitting and shearing process for cold-rolled steel coils according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, if the detected edge burr height is ≤ 5% of the thickness of the board, or if the edge burr height is > 5% of the thickness of the board, an alarm will be triggered and the machine will stop.