Pin shaft dismounting mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a pin shaft dismounting mechanism and belongs to the technical field of excavator dismounting tools. The pin shaft dismounting mechanism comprises a supporting frame and a support. A gear shaft is arranged on the support. A gear is arranged on the gear shaft. The gear shaft is connected with a bidirectional ratchet wrench. The end of the support is detachably connected with a pin shaft. The supporting frame comprises a bottom plate and a cross beam which are connected with each other. The bottom plate is fixed on a rotary table. The cross beam is slidingly arranged in the support. A rack structure which is engaged with the gear is arranged on the cross beam. The bidirectional ratchet wrench drives the gear shaft to rotate in the forward and reverse directions, so as to drive the support and the pin shaft to move linearly in the length direction of the cross beam. The pin shaft dismounting mechanism has simple structure and is easy to operate. The pin shaft can be directly pulled out and pressed in the effective space, and the reliability is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a pin assembly and disassembly mechanism, belonging to the technical field of excavator disassembly tools. Background Technology

[0002] Pins are widely used in the construction machinery field to connect various parts. For example, the pin between the turntable and the boom of an excavator can rust and wear after long-term use or improper maintenance. At the same time, the limited space between the boom and the turntable makes it difficult to disassemble and assemble the pin.

[0003] Existing pin assembly and disassembly devices typically require a hydraulic system, making the overall operation process complex and demanding on operating space and auxiliary equipment. This is especially true in on-site assembly and disassembly environments, where equipment layout and operational convenience are significantly limited. Furthermore, due to the narrow structural space at the turntable and boom mating area, traditional pin assembly and disassembly structures struggle to directly pull out and press the pin within this confined space, impacting the reliability of the assembly and disassembly process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a pin assembly and disassembly mechanism. The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can directly pull out and press the pin within the effective space and has high reliability.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A pin assembly / disassembly mechanism includes a support frame and a base. A gear shaft is mounted on the base, and a gear is mounted on the gear shaft. The gear shaft is connected to a two-way ratchet wrench. The end of the base is detachably connected to the pin. The support frame includes a base plate and a crossbeam connected to each other. The base plate is fixed to a turntable, and the crossbeam is slidably disposed within the base. The crossbeam has a rack structure that meshes with the gear. The two-way ratchet wrench drives the gear shaft to rotate in both directions, thereby causing the base and the pin to move linearly along the length of the crossbeam. In this invention, after the support frame is fixed to the turntable, the rotation of the two-way ratchet wrench drives the gear to rotate. The gear meshes with the rack structure on the support frame, thereby causing the base to move linearly, ultimately achieving direct pulling and pressing of the pin. The device has a simple structure and is easy to operate, enabling direct pin pulling and pressing within a usable space, and has high reliability.

[0007] The base plate is closely attached to the outer side of the turntable. Two positioning protrusions are provided on the inner side of the base plate. These protrusions are used for double-sided positioning with the outer and upper sides of two structural blocks on the turntable, respectively. Two second threaded holes are provided on the base plate outside the positioning protrusions. Each set of structural blocks and positioning protrusions is fixed together by a pressure plate. Two pressure plate fixing bolts pass through two third washers and two through holes on the pressure plate, respectively, and are then screwed into the second threaded holes and the fourth threaded holes on the structural blocks. This invention achieves precise positioning between the positioning protrusions on the base plate and the fixing blocks on the turntable, initially ensuring the positioning accuracy of the pin.

[0008] An irregular angle iron is provided at the upper end of the base plate. The irregular angle iron is fastened to the upper end of the base plate by two sets of angle iron fixing bolts and a fourth washer. A wedge-shaped tooth structure is provided on the inner side of the vertical part of the irregular angle iron for contacting the inner side of the turntable. By providing a wedge-shaped tooth structure on the irregular angle iron, the present invention can firmly grip the inner side of the turntable, effectively preventing the overall mechanism from tipping over during operation.

[0009] The base plate has a square hole, which is clearance-fitted with the square surface of the crossbeam at the end of the crossbeam. The contact point between the base plate and the crossbeam is connected by welding. A certain distance is provided between the bottom surface of the base plate and the bottom surface of the crossbeam.

[0010] Two first threaded holes are provided on the end of the crossbeam away from the base plate. The limiting block fixing bolt passes through the first washer and the through hole on the limiting block and is threaded into the first threaded holes. The limiting block can effectively prevent the support from pulling out the pin and causing safety hazards.

[0011] The crossbeam is equipped with a graduated scale. When the disassembly and assembly mechanism is working, it indicates the progress of the pin disassembly and assembly. When the pin reaches the appropriate position, the operator can apply or remove force as needed to prevent accidents.

[0012] The support includes a base plate, on which a right side plate and a left side plate are connected. Two lower side plates are connected to the bottom of the base plate, and a positioning plate is provided between the two lower side plates. A right circular hole is provided on the right side plate, and a left circular hole is provided on the left side plate. The gear shaft passes through the right circular hole and the left circular hole. A positioning hole is provided on the positioning plate. A pin fastening bolt passes through a second washer and the positioning hole and is threadedly connected to the pin.

[0013] The inner sides of the right and left plates are respectively provided with a right support track surface and a left support track surface. The left and right sides of the crossbeam are respectively provided with crossbeam track surfaces along their length. The two crossbeam track surfaces slide in engagement with the right and left support track surfaces, respectively. Tracks are arranged on both sides of the crossbeam structure, and the supports move back and forth along the tracks, effectively preventing the pin center from shifting from the direction of movement.

[0014] The gear shaft has an elongated slot around its circumference, which is used to install one side of a flat key. The other side of the flat key is installed in a groove inside the gear. A retaining ring is fitted on the gear shaft between the gear and the right side plate. The end of the gear shaft has a pin hole for a type B cotter pin to pass through.

[0015] The gear shaft head has a square hole surface that mates with the four square parts of the bidirectional ratchet wrench.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0017] 1. The rotational motion of the two-way ratchet wrench drives the gear to perform linear motion on the rack. The gear is fixed to the support, and the support is fastened to the pin. The linear motion of the support is transformed into the pulling out and pressing in motion of the pin. The output stroke of the gear and rack transmission is controllable, and the amount of pin pulling out and pressing in can be estimated in advance, providing a reference for the complete pulling out and pressing in of the pin. Compared with the existing technology, the above solution has the following advantages: no need for supporting hydraulic pump station, oil pipes, hydraulic cylinder pipes, etc., making it highly adaptable to the field; the gear and rack transmission provides stable linear output, and compared with screw thread pin pulling, there is no pin rotation or skew during the pin pulling process; the structure is simple and reliable, and the wear of the gear and rack is visible, making maintenance and replacement of parts convenient.

[0018] 2. The structure adopts a special-shaped angle iron wedge tooth structure, precise positioning of the base plate and turntable fixing block, and mechanical interlocking through pins, pressure plates, etc., resulting in high structural stability, making it especially suitable for field construction environments.

[0019] 3. A graduated scale is installed on the crossbeam to determine the amount of pin pull-out and push-in;

[0020] 4. The pin shaft is precisely positioned by using the positioning protrusions on the base plate and the fixing block on the turntable. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall layout diagram of a pin assembly / disassembly mechanism according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the inner side of the transfer platform and its cooperation structure with the support frame;

[0023] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the pin assembly / disassembly mechanism in this invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame positioning assembly in this invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame fastening structure in this invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support-pin positioning structure in this invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the support-gear-pin assembly structure in this invention;

[0028] Figure 8 The structural schematic diagram of the support frame in this invention, wherein (a) and (b) are two different perspectives;

[0029] Figure 9 The structural schematic diagram of the support in this invention, where (a) and (b) are two different perspectives;

[0030] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the irregular angle iron in this invention;

[0031] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the gear shaft structure in this invention;

[0032] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1-Support frame; 2-Gear; 3-Support; 4-Double-direction ratchet wrench; 5-Limit block; 6-Limit block fixing bolt; 7-First washer; 8-Type B cotter pin; 9-Gear shaft; 10-Pressure plate; 11-Pressure plate fixing bolt; 12-Third washer; 13-Pin fastening bolt; 14-Second washer; 15-Irregular angle iron; 16-Angle iron fixing bolt; 17-Fourth washer; 18-Pin; 19-Flat key; 20-Turntable; 21-Retaining ring; 101-Base plate; 101a-Square hole surface of base plate; 101b-Bottom surface of base plate; 101c-Second threaded hole; 101d-Positioning protrusion; 102a-Horizontal... 102b-Beam square face; 102c-Rack structure; 102d-Beam track surface; 102e-First threaded hole; 102f-Scale ruler; 301-Right side plate; 301a-Right circular hole face; 301b-Right support track surface; 302-Left side plate; 302a-Left circular hole face; 302b-Left support track surface; 303-Base plate; 304-Lower side plate; 305-Positioning plate; 305a-Positioning hole face; 9a-Gear shaft square hole face; 9b-Oblong hole groove; 9c-Pin mounting hole; 15a-Wedge tooth structure; 200a-Turntable inner side surface; 200b-Turntable outer side surface; 211-Structural block. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention discloses a pin assembly / disassembly mechanism, including a support frame 1 and a base 3. A gear shaft 9 is rotatably mounted on the base 3, and a gear 2 is mounted on the gear shaft 9. The gear shaft 9 is connected to a double-acting ratchet wrench 4. The double-acting ratchet wrench 4 has a knob. When the knob is rotated downwards, the double-acting ratchet wrench 4 rotates freely upwards in reverse; when the knob is rotated upwards, the double-acting ratchet wrench 4 rotates freely downwards in reverse. By adjusting the knob, the gear shaft 9 can be driven to rotate in both directions.

[0036] like Figure 3 As shown, the end of the support 3 is detachably connected to the pin 18, and a threaded connection can be made using the threaded hole structure of the pin 18 itself. Figure 8 As shown, the support frame 1 includes a base plate 101 and a crossbeam 102 connected to each other. The base plate 101 is fixed on the turntable 20, providing support for the disassembly and assembly mechanism. This invention utilizes the turntable itself as a fixed seat to achieve a positioning function, further ensuring that the pin does not shift during the disassembly and assembly process. The crossbeam 102 is slidably disposed within the support 3, and a rack structure 102c that meshes with the gear 2 is provided on the crossbeam 102.

[0037] The working principle of this invention is as follows: First, the base plate 101 is fixed on the turntable 20. When the double-sided ratchet wrench 4 is rotated downwards and the operator applies pressure by rotating downwards, the double-sided ratchet wrench 4 drives the gear shaft 9 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear 2 to rotate. The gear 2 cooperates with the rack structure 102c, which drives the support 3 to move outwards in a straight line, thereby disassembling the pin 18. When the double-sided ratchet wrench 4 is rotated upwards and the operator applies lifting force by rotating upwards, the double-sided ratchet wrench 4 drives the gear shaft 9 to rotate, which in turn drives the gear 2 to rotate. The gear 2 drives the support 3 to move inwards in a straight line, thereby assembling the pin 18.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: it does not require supporting hydraulic pump station, oil pipe, hydraulic cylinder pipe and other structures, and has strong on-site adaptability; the gear and rack drive provides stable linear output, and compared with the screw thread pin pulling process, there will be no pin shaft rotation or skew; the structure is simple and reliable, and the wear of the gear and rack is visible, making it convenient to inspect and replace parts.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] like Figure 1As shown, this invention discloses a pin assembly / disassembly mechanism, including a support frame 1 and a base 3. A gear shaft 9 is rotatably mounted on the base 3, and a gear 2 is mounted on the gear shaft 9. The gear shaft 9 is connected to a double-acting ratchet wrench 4. The double-acting ratchet wrench 4 has a knob. When the knob is rotated downwards, the double-acting ratchet wrench 4 rotates freely upwards in reverse; when the knob is rotated upwards, the double-acting ratchet wrench 4 rotates freely downwards in reverse. By adjusting the knob, the gear shaft 9 can be driven to rotate in both directions.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the end of the support 3 is detachably connected to the pin 18, and a threaded connection can be made using the threaded hole structure of the pin 18 itself. Figure 8 As shown, the support frame 1 includes a base plate 101 and a crossbeam 102 connected to each other. The base plate 101 and the crossbeam 102 are connected by a pre-embedded welding method. When the double-ended ratchet wrench 4 applies a tightening force, the crossbeam 102 does not deform, facilitating the linear movement of the pin for disassembly and assembly. The base plate 101 is fixed on the turntable 20, providing support for the disassembly and assembly mechanism. The crossbeam 102 is slidably disposed within the support 3, and a rack structure 102c that meshes with the gear 2 is provided on the crossbeam 102. Figure 1 As shown, the base plate 101 is in close contact with the outer side 200b of the turntable 20.

[0042] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, bevels are provided on both sides of the base plate 101 to avoid interference with the weld seam of the turntable fixing seat, which would affect the positioning of the support frame and the pin pulling and clamping process. Two positioning protrusions 101d are provided on the inner side of the bevels on the base plate 101. The positioning protrusions 101d are used for double-sided positioning with the outer and upper sides of the two structural blocks 211 on the turntable 20, respectively. Two second threaded holes 101c are provided on the base plate 101 outside the positioning protrusions 101d. Figure 5 As shown, each set of structural blocks 211 and positioning protrusions 101d are fixed together by a pressure plate 10. Two pressure plate fixing bolts 11 pass through two third washers 12 and two through holes on the pressure plate 10, respectively, and are screwed to the second threaded hole 101c and the fourth threaded hole on the structural block 211. The two through holes of the pressure plate 10 are concentric with the two second threaded holes 101c on the support frame 1. The inner spacing is greater than the outer spacing of the pin 18 fixing plate, which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the pin 18 without interference during the pin pulling and pressing process.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, a special-shaped angle iron 15 is provided on the upper end of the base plate 101. The special-shaped angle iron 15 is fastened to the upper end of the base plate 101 by two sets of angle iron fixing bolts 16 and a fourth washer 17. Figure 2 and Figure 10As shown, the inner side of the vertical portion of the irregular angle iron 15 is provided with a wedge-shaped tooth structure 15a for contacting the inner surface 200a of the turntable 20. The irregular angle iron 15 is in close contact with the inner surface 200a of the turntable 20. Because the irregular angle iron 15 has a wedge-shaped tooth structure 15a, when the two-way ratchet wrench 4 applies external force, it can firmly grip the inner surface 200a of the turntable and fasten the support frame 1 to the outer surface 200b of the turntable, effectively preventing the overall mechanism from tipping over during operation.

[0044] like Figure 8 As shown, the base plate 101 has a square hole surface 101a, which is clearance-fitted with the square surface 102a of the crossbeam at the end of the crossbeam 102. The contact points of the base plate 101 and the crossbeam 102 are connected by welding. A certain distance is provided between the bottom surface 101b of the base plate 101 and the bottom surface 102b of the crossbeam 102. Two first threaded holes 102e are provided on the end of the crossbeam 102 away from the base plate 101. The limiting block fixing bolt 6 passes through the through hole on the first washer 7 and the limiting block 5 and is threaded into the first threaded hole 102e to prevent the support 3 and the pin 18 from running out of the track surface 102d of the crossbeam 102 during the pulling process. A scale 102f is provided on the crossbeam 102. When the disassembly and assembly mechanism is working, it indicates the progress of the disassembly and assembly of the pin 18 to the operator. When the appropriate position is reached, force can be applied or unloaded according to the actual situation to prevent safety accidents.

[0045] like Figure 9 As shown, the inner sides of the right side plate 301 and the left side plate 302 are respectively provided with a right support track surface 301b and a left support track surface 302b. The left and right sides of the crossbeam 102 are respectively provided with crossbeam track surfaces 102d along their length. The two crossbeam track surfaces 102d slide in contact with the right support track surface 301b and the left support track surface 302b, respectively. In this invention, tracks are arranged on both sides of the crossbeam structure, and the supports move back and forth along the tracks, effectively preventing the pin center from shifting from the direction of movement.

[0046] like Figure 9 As shown, the support 3 includes a base plate 303. A right side plate 301 and a left side plate 302 are connected to the top of the base plate 303. Two lower side plates 304 are connected to the bottom of the base plate 303. A positioning plate 305 is disposed between the two lower side plates 304. The positioning plate 305 has a positioning hole surface 305a. A right circular hole surface 301a is formed on the right side plate 301, and a left circular hole surface 302a is formed on the left side plate 302. Figure 6 As shown, the pin fastening bolt 13 passes through the second washer 14 and the positioning hole surface 305a and is threaded to the pin 18 to achieve precise positioning.

[0047] like Figure 7 and Figure 11As shown, the gear shaft 9 has an elongated groove 9b circumferentially formed, which is used to install one side of the flat key 19. The other side of the flat key 19 is installed in a groove inside the gear 2, and is assembled synchronously with the gear shaft 9. A retaining ring 21 is fitted on the gear shaft 9 between the gear 2 and the right side plate 302. The end of the gear shaft 9 has a pin hole 9c for the B-type cotter pin 8 to pass through, restricting the left and right movement of the pin and preventing longitudinal movement of the gear shaft 9, thus ensuring the smooth operation of the mechanism. The right circular hole surface 301a has a large diameter, which allows the flat key 19 to freely enter and exit the assembly embedded in the gear shaft 9. Figure 7 As shown, the gear shaft 9 passes through the right circular hole surface 301a, the gear 2, the retaining ring 21, and the left circular hole surface 302a of the support 3. In this invention, the gear is fixed to the bracket by a pin, a flat key, a washer, and a cotter pin, which ensures smooth operation of the gear and the rack in relative rotation.

[0048] like Figure 11 As shown, the head of the gear shaft 9 has a square hole 9a that mates with the square portion on the double-sided ratchet wrench 4, allowing the double-sided ratchet wrench 4 to drive the gear shaft 9 to rotate. The gear shaft 9, through the limiting action of the flat key 19, drives the gear 2 to rotate. The gear 2 meshes with the rack structure 102c of the crossbeam 102, converting the rotational motion into linear motion. When the knob of the double-sided ratchet wrench 4 is rotated downwards, the double-sided ratchet wrench 4 can freely rotate upwards. When the operator rotates it downwards to apply pressure, the gear 2 drives the support 3 to move outwards in a linear motion, thus disassembling the pin 18. When the knob of the double-sided ratchet wrench 4 is rotated upwards, the double-sided ratchet wrench 4 can freely rotate downwards. When the operator rotates it upwards to apply lifting force, the gear 2 drives the support 3 to move inwards in a linear motion, thus assembling the pin 18.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pin assembly / disassembly mechanism, characterized in that: The support includes a support frame (1) and a support (3). A gear shaft (9) is provided on the support (3), and a gear (2) is provided on the gear shaft (9). The gear shaft (9) is connected to a two-way ratchet wrench (4). The end of the support (3) is detachably connected to a pin (18). The support frame (1) includes a base plate (101) and a crossbeam (102) connected to each other. The base plate (101) is fixedly installed on a turntable (20). The crossbeam (102) is slidably disposed in the support (3). A rack structure (102c) that meshes with the gear (2) is provided on the crossbeam (102). The two-way ratchet wrench (4) drives the gear shaft (9) to rotate in both directions, so as to drive the support (3) and the pin (18) to make linear movements in the length direction of the crossbeam (102).

2. The pin assembly / disassembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (101) is closely attached to the outer side (200b) of the turntable (20). Two positioning protrusions (101d) are provided on the inner side of the base plate (101). The positioning protrusions (101d) are used to achieve double-sided positioning with the outer side and upper side of the two structural blocks (211) on the turntable (20). Two second threaded holes (101c) are provided on the base plate (101) outside the positioning protrusions (101d). Each set of structural blocks (211) and positioning protrusions (101d) is fixed by a pressure plate (10). The two pressure plate fixing bolts (11) pass through the two third washers (12) and the two through holes on the pressure plate (10) respectively, and are then spirally connected to the second threaded hole (101c) and the fourth threaded hole on the structural block (211) respectively.

3. The pin assembly / disassembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (101) is provided with a special-shaped angle iron (15) at the upper end. The special-shaped angle iron (15) is fastened to the upper end of the base plate (101) by two sets of angle iron fixing bolts (16) and a fourth washer (17). The vertical part of the special-shaped angle iron (15) is provided with a wedge-shaped tooth structure (15a) for contacting the inner surface (200a) of the turntable (20).

4. The pin assembly / disassembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base plate (101) has a square hole surface (101a) and the square hole surface (101a) of the base plate is clearance-fitted with the square surface (102a) of the beam at the end of the beam (102). The contact position of the base plate (101) and the beam (102) is connected by welding. There is a certain distance between the bottom surface (101b) of the base plate (101) and the bottom surface (102b) of the beam (102).

5. The pin assembly / disassembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two first threaded holes (102e) are provided on the end of the crossbeam (102) away from the base plate (101). The limiting block fixing bolt (6) passes through the through hole on the first washer (7) and the limiting block (5) and is threaded to the first threaded hole (102e).

6. The pin assembly / disassembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A scale (102f) is provided on the crossbeam (102).

7. The pin assembly / disassembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support (3) includes a base plate (303), on which a right side plate (301) and a left side plate (302) are connected. Two lower side plates (304) are connected below the base plate (303). A positioning plate (305) is provided between the two lower side plates (304). A right circular hole surface (301a) is provided on the right side plate (301), and a left circular hole surface (302a) is provided on the left side plate (302). The gear shaft (9) passes through the right circular hole surface (301a) and the left circular hole surface (302a). A positioning hole surface (305a) is provided on the positioning plate (305). The pin fastening bolt (13) passes through the second washer (14) and the positioning hole surface (305a) and is threadedly connected to the pin (18).

8. The pin assembly / disassembly mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The right side plate (301) and the left side plate (302) are respectively provided with a right support track surface (301b) and a left support track surface (302b). The left and right sides of the crossbeam (102) are respectively provided with crossbeam track surfaces (102d) along the length direction. The two crossbeam track surfaces (102d) are respectively in sliding fit with the right support track surface (301b) and the left support track surface (302b).

9. The pin assembly / disassembly mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gear shaft (9) has an elongated groove (9b) circumferentially. The elongated groove (9b) is used to install one side of the flat key (19). The other side of the flat key (19) is installed in the groove inside the gear (2). A retaining ring (21) is fitted on the gear shaft (9) between the gear (2) and the right side plate (302). The end of the gear shaft (9) has a pin hole (9c) for a type B cotter pin (8) to pass through.

10. The pin assembly / disassembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The head of the gear shaft (9) is provided with a square hole (9a) that is fitted to the square part on the two-way ratchet wrench (4).

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