Shaft support shoe anti-twist device and shaft boring machine thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the vertical shaft tunneling machine technical field, specifically provides a kind of vertical shaft support shoe anti-twist device and its vertical shaft tunneling machine, anti-twist device includes cross pin assembly;The cross pin assembly includes cross pin structure and connecting structure;The cross pin structure includes first shaft and second shaft;Two ends of the first shaft are connected with the shield body in the vertical shaft tunneling machine respectively through connecting structure;Second shaft is slidably installed at the central position of first shaft, and two ends of second shaft are connected with the outer box of support shoe device.The support shoe cylinder of support shoe device extends when vertical shaft tunneling machine is excavated, and the inner box is pressed against the hole wall, and the cross pin assembly can prevent the outer box from moving due to the connection with the shield body, the entire support shoe device is fixed, to realize the anti-twist limiting of support shoe device, it has the characteristics such as effect reliable, high stability of excavation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of shaft tunneling machines, and relates to a shaft support shoe anti-torsion device and a shaft tunneling machine thereof. Background Technology

[0002] As underground space and mining engineering develop towards deeper and larger diameter holes, full-face shaft tunneling machines are the core equipment for intelligent construction of deep and large shafts. Compared with traditional construction methods, they offer higher shaft quality, faster construction efficiency, and lower underground safety risks, and have become the mainstream equipment for deep shaft construction.

[0003] During actual tunneling, the continuous reverse torque generated by the cutterhead breaking the rock, combined with the lateral bias pressure of complex and uneven strata, can easily cause the tunneling machine body and shaft to twist synchronously and the vertical deviation to exceed the standard. This not only affects the quality and forming accuracy of the shaft wall lining, but also easily causes abnormal stress on the equipment, jamming and shutdown, thus creating potential safety hazards.

[0004] However, existing steering and anti-torsion structures are mostly passive constraints, unable to dynamically and actively control the aircraft's attitude, and have poor accuracy in correcting deviations and torsion, making it difficult to meet the high-standard construction requirements of deep and complex strata. There is an urgent need to develop a dedicated active steering and anti-torsion device to solve this problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a cross-pin assembly; the cross-pin assembly includes a cross-pin structure and a connecting structure; The cross-pin structure includes a first shaft and a second shaft; The two ends of the first shaft are respectively connected to the shield body in the shaft tunneling machine through a connecting structure; The second shaft is slidably mounted at the center of the first shaft, and both ends of the second shaft are connected to the outer casing of the support shoe device.

[0006] Furthermore, the connection structure includes a bearing housing and a spherical bearing; The bearing housing has two parts that are respectively connected to both ends of the first shaft; the single bearing housing is connected to one end of the first shaft through a single spherical bearing.

[0007] Furthermore, a retaining ring is also provided on the first shaft.

[0008] Furthermore, a sliding bearing and a first pressure plate are provided in the middle part of the first shaft; The sliding bearing is configured as a cross-shaped sliding bearing structure, with one end of the sliding bearing sleeved on the middle part of the first shaft and fixed on the first shaft by the first pressure plate; The other end of the sliding bearing is fitted onto the second shaft.

[0009] Furthermore, both ends of the second shaft are fixed to the outer casing of the support shoe device by the second pressure plate; and the central axis of the second shaft is perpendicular to the central axis of the first shaft.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention, the present invention also provides a shaft tunneling machine, including an excavation device, a drive device, a main beam, a support shoe device, a shield body, and a cross pin assembly as described above. The excavation device is fixedly connected to the drive device, and the drive device drives the excavation device to rotate to cut the working face; The drive device is fixedly connected to the main beam; The main beam is provided with a boss; The support shoe device includes a support shoe body and an inner box, an outer box, a support shoe cylinder, a propulsion cylinder, and a directional cylinder disposed on the support shoe body; the support shoe body is connected to the main beam through the propulsion cylinder; the inner box and the outer box are clearance-fitted and connected through the support shoe cylinder; one end of the directional cylinder is connected to the support shoe body, and the other end of the directional cylinder is connected to the shield body.

[0011] Furthermore, the steering cylinder and the shield body are connected to each other to form a V-shaped structure.

[0012] Furthermore, a boss is provided on the main beam; The boot support device also includes an anti-torsion groove; the anti-torsion groove is matched with the boss, and the boss slides up and down in the anti-torsion groove.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a shaft support shoe anti-torsion device, including a cross pin assembly. The cross pin assembly includes a cross pin structure and a connecting structure. The cross pin structure connects the shield body and the support shoe device in the vertical tunneling machine. When the shaft tunneling machine is tunneling, the support shoe cylinder in the support shoe device extends, and the inner box presses against the tunnel wall. Because the cross pin assembly is connected to the shield body, it can prevent the outer box from moving, and the entire support shoe device is fixed, thereby realizing the anti-torsion limit of the support shoe device. It has the characteristics of reliable effect and high tunneling stability.

[0014] In addition to the objectives, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other objectives, features, and advantages. The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the figures. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a front view schematic diagram of a vertical shaft tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of a vertical shaft tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a left-side view of a shaft boring machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a vertical shaft tunneling machine during tunneling, according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a cross pin assembly of a vertical shaft tunneling machine according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the AA section; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a vertical shaft tunneling machine during directional adjustment in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] in: 1. Excavation device; 2. Drive device; 3. Main beam; 31. Boss; 4. Support shoe device; 41. Inner box; 42. Outer box; 43. Support shoe cylinder; 44. Propulsion cylinder; 45. Directioning cylinder; 46. Anti-torsion groove; 5. Shield body; 6. Cross pin assembly; 61. Bearing seat; 62. Spherical bearing; 63. First shaft; 64. Second shaft; 65. Sliding bearing; 66. First pressure plate; 67. Second pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention clearer and easier to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the accompanying drawings of the present invention are all in a simplified form and use non-precise proportions, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist in illustrating the implementation of the present invention; the "several" mentioned in the present invention are not limited to the specific number shown in the examples in the accompanying drawings; the orientations or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "front," "middle," "rear," "left," "right," "up," "down," "top," "bottom," and "center" mentioned in the present invention are all based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, nor should they be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0018] Example: See Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the present invention provides a shaft tunneling machine including an excavation device 1, a drive device 2, a main beam 3, a support shoe device 4, a shield body 5, and a cross pin assembly 6. The excavation device 1 is fixedly connected to the drive device 2, and the drive device 2 drives the excavation device 1 to rotate to cut the working face; The drive device 2 is fixedly connected to the main beam 3; The main beam 3 is provided with a boss 31; The support shoe device 4 includes a support shoe body and an inner box 41, an outer box 42, a support shoe cylinder 43, a propulsion cylinder 44, a directional cylinder 45, and an anti-torsion groove 46 disposed on the support shoe body; the support shoe body is connected to the main beam 3 through the propulsion cylinder 44; the inner box 41 and the outer box 42 are clearance-fitted and connected through the support shoe cylinder 43; one end of the directional cylinder 45 is connected to the support shoe body, and the other end of the directional cylinder 45 is connected to the shield body 5; the anti-torsion groove 46 is matched with the boss 31, and the boss 31 slides up and down in the anti-torsion groove 46; The cross pin assembly 6 connects the support boot body and the shield body 5; When the shaft tunneling machine is excavating, the support shoe cylinder 43 in the support shoe device 4 extends, the inner housing 41 presses against the tunnel wall, and the cross pin assembly 6, connected to the shield body 5, prevents the outer housing 42 from moving, thus fixing the entire support shoe device 4 in place. The drive device 2 drives the excavation device 1 to rotate, and the torque generated by the excavation device 1 cutting the tunnel face is transmitted to the main beam 3. The boss 31 of the main beam 3 cooperates with the anti-torsion groove 46 of the support shoe device 4. Because the entire support shoe device 4 is fixed in place, it achieves the anti-torsion function. When one stroke of excavation is completed, the support shoe cylinder on the support shoe device 4 retracts, the inner housing 41 moves away from the tunnel wall, and at this time, the propulsion cylinder 44 retracts, starting the next stroke.

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention, a cross pin assembly (6) is included. The cross-pin assembly includes a cross-pin structure, a connecting structure, and The cross pin structure includes a first shaft 63 and a second shaft 64; the two ends of the first shaft 63 are respectively connected to the shield body in the shaft tunneling machine through a connecting structure; the second shaft 64 is slidably installed at the center position of the first shaft 63, and the two ends of the second shaft 64 are connected to the outer box body in the support shoe device.

[0020] Preferably, the connection structure includes a bearing housing 61 and a spherical bearing 62; The bearing housing 61 is provided with two parts that are respectively connected to both ends of the first shaft 63; the single bearing housing 61 is connected to one end of the first shaft 63 through a single spherical bearing 62.

[0021] Preferably, a retaining ring is also provided on the first shaft 63 to prevent the spherical bearing 62 from running.

[0022] Preferably, in order to enable the second shaft 64 to slide relative to the first shaft 63, a sliding bearing 65 and a first pressure plate 66 are provided at the middle part of the first shaft 63; The sliding bearing 65 is configured as a cross-shaped sliding bearing structure, and one end of the sliding bearing 65 is sleeved on the middle part of the first shaft 63 and fixed on the first shaft 63 by the first pressure plate 66. The other end of the sliding bearing 65 is sleeved on the second shaft 64.

[0023] Preferably, both ends of the second shaft 64 are fixed to the outer casing of the support shoe device by the second pressure plate 67; and the central axis of the second shaft 64 is perpendicular to the central axis of the first shaft 63.

[0024] Preferably, during the tunneling process of the shaft boring machine, when it is necessary to adjust the position and height of a certain set of support shoe devices 4, the support shoe cylinder 43 corresponding to the support shoe device 4 retracts, causing the inner box 41 to retract inward, detach from the shaft wall, and release the rigid support constraint between the set of support shoes and the surrounding rock; all other support shoe cylinders remain extended and their corresponding inner boxes 41 continue to press against the shaft wall, the shaft boring machine maintains stable support by relying on the other support shoe devices, the anti-torsion structure continues to be effective, and the shaft boring machine will not deviate or twist; Two sets of directional hydraulic cylinders 45 are equipped at the bottom of the support shoe device 4, which simultaneously perform equal extension and retraction movements. If it is necessary to raise the height of a certain set of support shoe devices 4, the two directional hydraulic cylinders 45 are extended simultaneously. The support shoe device uses the cross pin assembly 6 as the hinge fulcrum, and the second shaft 64 slides upward within the sliding bearing 65 of the first shaft 63, raising the entire support shoe device vertically. If it is necessary to lower the height of a certain set of support shoe devices 4, the two directional hydraulic cylinders 45 are retracted simultaneously, and the second shaft 64 slides downward along the sliding bearing 65, lowering the entire support shoe device vertically. During the adjustment process, the retaining rings at both ends of the first shaft 63 restrict the axial movement of the joint bearing 62, retaining only the vertical sliding degree of freedom, and preventing angular deflection. The vertical position of the support shoe is monitored in real time. After reaching the preset height, the two sets of V-shaped directional hydraulic cylinders 45 are locked to maintain a constant stroke. Then, the support shoe cylinder 43 is extended, pushing the inner box 41 to press against the shaft wall again, restoring the rigid support of the support shoe. The boss 31 and the anti-torsion groove 46 re-cooperate to withstand the tunneling torque. If you need to adjust the height of any of the remaining support boots in sequence, you can reuse the same operation logic described above.

[0025] During the tunneling process, slight shaft tilt and small-angle deviation were detected. Cutting operations were not interrupted; the attitude correction drive device 2 continuously drove the excavation device 1 to cut the tunnel face while tunneling was underway. The propulsion cylinder 44 maintained a constant speed of extension for feeding. Except for the set of support shoes in the direction to be corrected, all other support shoe cylinders 43 extended throughout the entire process. The inner housing 41 pressed against the tunnel wall, and the main beam boss 31 continuously engaged with the corresponding support shoe anti-torsion groove 46 to offset the cutting torque, eliminating the risk of torsional instability for the entire machine. The cylinder of the support shoe on the deviated side was individually controlled to depressurize and retract, causing the inner housing 41 of that set to detach from the shaft wall, releasing the rigid constraint on one side. The remaining support shoes continued to provide reaction force to support the entire machine. Different extension and retraction amounts were assigned to the two V-shaped directional cylinders 45 at the bottom of this set, with one cylinder extending more and the other extending less or retracting slightly. The cross pin 1, relying on the spherical bearing 62, generated deflection, pulling the entire set of support shoes to tilt. The tilted support shoe causes the anti-torsion groove 46 to deflect synchronously, and the main beam protrusion 31 inside the groove follows suit, causing the main beam and the front-end excavation device to fine-tune the excavation inclination angle and counteract the slight deviation in real time. The excavation centerline is monitored in real time. After the deviation is corrected to the standard range, the hydraulic cylinders 43 of the support shoe set extend synchronously, and the inner box 41 re-presses the tunnel wall; the strokes of the two sets of V-shaped directional hydraulic cylinders 45 are synchronously returned to zero and locked. All support shoes work together to support the tunnel, and the online correction is completed, allowing normal excavation to continue.

[0026] The deviation was significant, and continued excavation would exacerbate the deviation. The machine was stopped for centralized correction. Drive unit 2 was stopped, and excavation unit 1 ceased rock breaking. Propulsion cylinder 44 was locked, maintaining the main unit's current excavation position. All support shoes were initially tightened against the tunnel wall, ensuring equipment stability. Only the support shoe cylinder 43 corresponding to the deviation direction was retracted; the remaining support shoe cylinders 43 remained extended to press against the surrounding rock, ensuring the machine did not slip or twist when stopped. Precise control of the two V-shaped directional cylinders 45 in this group created a significant stroke difference, relying on the deflection freedom of the spherical bearing 62 to drive a large tilt of the support shoe. The second shaft 64 adapted to a slight vertical displacement within the sliding bearing 65, coordinating with the support shoe's deflection action. The support shoe's anti-torsion groove 46 tilted at a large angle with the support shoe, causing the main beam 3 to change its overall excavation angle, correcting a large shaft deviation in one go. After monitoring that the verticality of the wellbore meets the standard, lock the V-shaped directional cylinder 45 stroke, extend the set of support shoe cylinders 43 to make the inner box fit against the tunnel wall; when all support shoes are fully supported, restart the drive device and resume the cutting and tunneling cycle.

[0027] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shaft support shoe anti-torsion device, installed on a shaft tunneling machine, used to limit the movement of the support shoe device in the shaft tunneling machine during the tunneling process; characterized in that, Including the cross pin assembly (6); The cross pin assembly includes a cross pin structure and a connecting structure; The cross pin structure includes a first shaft (63) and a second shaft (64); the two ends of the first shaft (63) are respectively connected to the shield body in the shaft tunneling machine through a connecting structure; the second shaft (64) is slidably installed at the center position of the first shaft (63), and the two ends of the second shaft (64) are connected to the outer box body in the support shoe device.

2. The shaft support anti-torsion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection structure includes a bearing housing (61) and a spherical bearing (62). The bearing housing (61) is provided with two parts that are respectively connected to both ends of the first shaft (63); the single bearing housing (61) is connected to one end of the first shaft (63) through a single spherical bearing (62).

3. The shaft support anti-torsion device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A retaining ring is also provided on the first shaft (63).

4. The shaft support anti-torsion device according to claim 3, characterized in that, A sliding bearing (65) and a first pressure plate (66) are provided in the middle part of the first shaft (63). The sliding bearing (65) is configured as a cross-shaped sliding bearing structure. One end of the sliding bearing (65) is sleeved on the middle part of the first shaft (63) and fixed on the first shaft (63) by the first pressure plate (66). The other end of the sliding bearing (65) is fitted onto the second shaft (64).

5. The shaft support anti-torsion device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two ends of the second shaft (64) are fixed to the outer casing of the support shoe device by the second pressure plate (67); and the central axis of the second shaft (64) is perpendicular to the central axis of the first shaft (63).

6. A vertical shaft tunneling machine, characterized in that, It includes an excavation device (1), a drive device (2), a main beam (3), a support shoe device (4), a shield body (5), and a cross pin assembly (6) as described in any one of claims 1-5. The excavation device (1) is fixedly connected to the drive device (2), and the drive device (2) drives the excavation device (1) to rotate to cut the tunnel face; The drive device (2) is fixedly connected to the main beam (3); The main beam (3) is provided with a boss (31); The support shoe device (4) includes a support shoe body and an inner box (41), an outer box (42), a support shoe cylinder (43), a propulsion cylinder (44), and a directional cylinder (45) disposed on the support shoe body; the support shoe body is connected to the main beam (3) through the propulsion cylinder (44); the inner box (41) and the outer box (42) are clearance fit and connected through the support shoe cylinder (43); one end of the directional cylinder (45) is connected to the support shoe body, and the other end of the directional cylinder (45) is connected to the shield body (5).

7. The shaft boring machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The directional cylinder (45) and the shield body (5) are connected to each other to form a V-shaped structure.

8. The shaft boring machine according to claim 7, characterized in that, A boss (31) is provided on the main beam (3); The boot support device (4) also includes an anti-torsion groove (46); the anti-torsion groove (46) is matched with the boss (31), and the boss (31) slides up and down in the anti-torsion groove (46).

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