Large-size cutting head for deep-buried central water ditch of tunnel

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction equipment, solves the problems of poor cooling and slag removal effect and short tool life of the existing chain arm saw, and provides a tunnel deep-buried center ditch large-size cutting head, which comprises a chain arm, a chain and a cutting tooth, a plurality of channel assemblies distributed along the length direction are arranged on the rear side of the chain arm, each channel assembly comprises a gas injection channel and a water injection channel arranged in an X-shaped cross manner, an adjusting assembly is arranged on the chain arm, all the channel assemblies are configured as an upper gas injection zone, a water injection zone, a middle gas injection zone and a lower gas injection zone distributed in sequence along the height direction, wherein the lower gas injection zone is arranged in the cutting groove to inject gas flow to assist in slag removal, the water injection zone is arranged above the ground to inject water flow to flush the chain and the cutting tooth, and the middle gas injection zone and the upper gas injection zone are used for cooling and drying, through the wind-water cooperation and partition control, efficient slag removal in the cutting groove, self-cleaning of the chain and effective cooling are realized, and the cutting efficiency and service life are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction equipment technology, specifically to a large-size cutting head for a deep-buried central drainage ditch in a tunnel. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous expansion of railway tunnel construction, the excavation of the central drainage ditch is one of the key processes affecting the overall construction progress and quality of the tunnel. The central drainage ditch typically needs to be excavated to a considerable depth below ground level, and traditional construction methods mainly rely on blasting. However, the drilling and blasting space within the ditch is limited, making it difficult to precisely control the excavation outline, easily leading to severe over-excavation on both sides and excessive concrete consumption. Blasting operations also generate vibrations and flyrock, affecting the synchronous construction of other processes within the tunnel and posing certain safety risks. In recent years, mechanical cutting methods have gradually been applied in the construction of tunnel drainage ditches. For example, Chinese patent CN216465447U discloses a cutting construction device for a railway tunnel central drainage ditch, using a chain-type cutting rigging combined with a power device and guide wheels, extending downwards to the designed depth via guide columns for deep cutting; Chinese patent CN223621602U discloses a non-blasting construction device for a deep-buried central drainage ditch in a tunnel, using a saw blade to cut downwards to form a cutting slit, and then using a hammer for breaking. The aforementioned mechanical cutting method has solved the over-excavation problem to some extent, but it still needs to be combined with a crushing process to complete the excavation. The construction process involves many steps and the efficiency needs to be further improved.

[0003] In the fields of stone quarrying and hard rock cutting, chain saws have been widely adopted as a continuous cutting device. Their basic working principle is driven by a hydraulic power system, utilizing carbide or diamond teeth mounted on a chain to directly cut the working surface. Compared to circular saws and wire saws, chain saws have advantages such as greater cutting depth, smoother cutting surfaces, and adaptability to narrow spaces, making them potentially suitable for continuous cutting of drainage ditches in tunnels. However, during continuous cutting of hard rock, the intense friction between the cutting teeth and the rock strata generates a large amount of heat, causing a sharp rise in the temperature of the cutting teeth and chain, directly affecting cutting efficiency and service life. Simultaneously, if the large amount of rock debris generated during cutting cannot be discharged in time, it will accumulate in the cutting groove and coat the cutting teeth, forming a "saw clogging" phenomenon, further increasing cutting resistance and reducing cutting speed.

[0004] To address the cooling and debris removal issues during the cutting process of chain saws, several solutions exist in the prior art. For example, Chinese patent CN213860044U discloses a chain arm with a cooling function for chain saws. This is achieved by installing cooling pipes on the chain arm body, with the outlets of the cooling pipes facing the chain guide groove, using cooling water to cool the chain. US patent US4971022 discloses a cutting saw chain for aggregate cutting, featuring a flushing system on the guide plate. Pressurized water is guided through the guide plate into the chain's movement path to cool the chain and flush away debris generated during cutting. Chinese patent CN120095229A discloses a low-frequency air-cooling system for chainsaw cutting. This system uses an air compressor and a vortex cooling module to generate compressed air, which is then sprayed onto the chainsaw surface for cooling. An integrated temperature monitoring module enables closed-loop feedback control.

[0005] However, the existing technologies still have the following shortcomings: First, most existing cooling solutions use a single medium (water or air only) for cooling, failing to fully utilize the advantages of air cooling for better slag removal and water cooling for higher efficiency. Second, the cooling medium is usually supplied in a uniform and fixed manner throughout the chain arm, failing to differentiate the cooling and cleaning needs of different working areas (cutting groove, chain return section, etc.) according to their respective requirements. Third, in deep cutting conditions in the central water ditch of the tunnel, the cutting teeth and chain are in a mud and rock debris environment for a long time in the cutting groove. If only water cooling is used, the mud formed by the mixture of water and cutting powder will exacerbate the encapsulation and wear of the cutting teeth. Fourth, after the cutting teeth and chain leave the cutting surface, if the mud on their surface is not removed and dried in time, it will enter the drive wheel and guide wheel area with the chain movement, accelerating the wear of the sprocket guide rail and reducing the reliability and service life of the equipment.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide a cooling and cleaning system that can achieve coordinated air and water flow and zoned control based on the characteristics of different working areas of the chain arm, effectively improve slag removal efficiency, reduce tool temperature rise, and extend equipment service life, is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems of poor cooling and slag removal effect and short tool life of existing chain arm saws, or at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a large-size cutting head for deep-buried central drainage ditches in tunnels.

[0008] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, this invention provides a large-size cutting head for deep-buried central drainage ditches in tunnels, comprising a chain arm, a chain, and cutting teeth. The chain arm, in its working posture, has a top and a bottom end, with the bottom end tilted forward. Behind the chain arm, the chain moves upward along the chain arm and cuts the rock strata. The chain arm contains several channel components equidistantly distributed along its length. Each channel component includes: an air jet channel for jetting airflow onto the chain and cutting teeth; and a water jet channel for jetting water onto the chain and cutting teeth. The rear end of the air jet channel extends upward at an angle, and the rear end of the water jet channel extends downward at an angle. The jet channel and the water spray channel intersect each other in an X-shape along the thickness direction of the chain arm; both the jet channel and the water spray channel can be opened and closed. When the jet channel is open and the water spray channel is closed, the channel assembly is in a jet state; when the jet channel is closed and the water spray channel is open, the channel assembly is in a water spray state; an adjustment assembly is provided on the rear side of the chain arm, which configures all the channel assemblies as follows: from top to bottom, an upper jet zone, a water spray zone, a middle jet zone, and a lower jet zone; the upper jet zone, the water spray zone, and the middle jet zone are all located above the ground, and the lower jet zone is located within the ground cutting groove.

[0009] Optionally, the circumferential surface of the chain arm is provided with a receiving groove, the chain is located in the receiving groove, and one side of the cutting tooth connected to the chain slides in contact with both sides of the groove opening.

[0010] Optionally, the cutting tooth is provided with a plurality of oblique holes, the oblique holes being strip-shaped holes, the oblique holes being arranged such that when the cutting tooth moves to the rear side of the chain arm, the rear end of the oblique hole extends upward at an angle, and the angle between the extension direction of the oblique hole and the chain arm is 25°.

[0011] Optionally, a groove is provided on one side of the chain connected to the cutting tooth, and the cutting tooth passes through both ends of the groove along the length of the chain.

[0012] Optionally, when the cutting tooth is located on the rear side of the chain arm, the top of the groove is provided with a slope inclined at 25° to the rear, and the bottom of the rear side of the cutting tooth is provided with a groove of the same width as the groove, the groove being parallel to the slope.

[0013] Optionally, the chain arm is provided with an air supply channel and a water supply channel. The air supply channel and the water supply channel are distributed on both sides of the chain arm in the thickness direction. The front end of all air jet channels is connected to the air supply channel, and the front end of all water jet channels is connected to the water supply channel. The top of the gas supply channel is connected to a high-pressure gas source via a gas supply hose, and the top of the water supply channel is connected to a high-pressure water source via a water supply hose.

[0014] Optionally, the adjustment component includes: a transition post rotatably disposed at the intersection of the jet channel and the water spray channel, the transition post having a radially penetrating transition channel, the transition post having a first position for communicating the transition channel with the jet channel, and a second position for communicating the transition channel with the water spray channel; A sliding cover is slidably fitted onto the outside of the chain arm along its length. The bottom end of the sliding cover is provided with a roller for rolling contact with the ground. A first elastic push rod and a second elastic push rod are disposed on the inner sidewall of the sliding cover. In the height direction of the sliding cover, the first and second elastic push rods are arranged vertically at intervals. In the front-rear direction of the sliding cover, the first and second elastic push rods are arranged in a staggered front-rear arrangement and are elastically extendable. A first and second push rod are fixedly disposed at the end of the adapter post and are centrally symmetrical about the axis of rotation of the adapter post. The extension directions of both the first and second push rods are parallel to the extension direction of the adapter channel. During the reciprocating motion of the sliding cover along the chain arm: each time the first elastic push rod passes the first push rod, the adapter post switches between a first position and a second position; each time the second elastic push rod passes the second push rod, the adapter post switches between a first position and a second position.

[0015] Optionally, multiple first and second elastic push rods are provided inside the sliding cover. The distance between two adjacent first elastic push rods, the distance between two adjacent second elastic push rods, and the distance between adjacent first and second elastic push rods are the same. The water spray area and the air jet area are both located inside the sliding cover.

[0016] Optionally, the sliding cover includes an outer cover and an inner cover. The front two sides of the inner cover are slidably engaged with the side walls of the chain arm. The roller is installed at the bottom of the rear end of the outer cover. The inner cover is slidably fitted inside the outer cover along the length of the chain arm. The first elastic push rod and the second elastic push rod are both disposed on the side wall of the inner cover. An elastic locking plate is slidably disposed on the side wall of the chain arm in front of each adapter post. The elastic locking plate and the second push rod are located on the same side of the adapter post. The elastic locking plate abuts against the second push rod. The adapter post is locked in a first or second position on the side. An unlocking plate is fixedly provided at the front end of the outer cover. The unlocking plate is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first elastic push rod and the second elastic push rod. During the reciprocating motion of the sliding cover along the chain arm: before the first elastic push rod contacts the first push rod and before the second elastic push rod contacts the second push rod, the unlocking plate pushes the elastic locking plate to separate from the second push rod. After the adapter post switches positions, the unlocking plate separates from the elastic locking plate, and the elastic locking plate locks the adapter post again.

[0017] Optionally, the rear side of the outer cover is open, the rear side of the inner cover is closed, and the bottom of the rear side of the inner cover has an opening, the top of the opening has an extension groove that extends backward at the bottom.

[0018] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: 1. Significantly improved slag removal efficiency: The lower jet zone in the cutting groove sprays air upwards and backwards, forming an air cushion lifting effect, which suspends the rock slag produced by cutting and blows it backwards, preventing the slag from settling at the bottom of the groove, improving slag removal efficiency, keeping the cutting groove dry, preventing the "saw clogging" phenomenon, and increasing the cutting speed.

[0019] 2. Enhanced cooling and cleaning capabilities for cutting teeth and chain: Multi-stage air cooling in the upper, middle, and lower air jet zones, combined with liquid cooling in the water jet zone, forms an alternating cooling path of "air cooling - water cooling - air cooling." The water jet zone is located above the ground, with water flowing obliquely downwards to wash the chain and the side connecting the cutting teeth that have just detached from the working surface, achieving full chain cleaning. Combined with the subsequent air drying in the middle and upper air jet zones, it prevents mud from being carried into the sprocket guide rail and causing wear. The above-mentioned air-water coordinated and zoned cooling and cleaning methods can effectively control the temperature rise of the cutting teeth and chain, extending the tool's service life.

[0020] 3. Excellent dust suppression effect: The water spray zone, the middle air spray zone, and the upper air spray zone can all blow out water, which can capture dust and improve the tunnel working environment.

[0021] 4. Compact structure and high reliability: The air jet channel and water jet channel are arranged in an X-shape in the thickness direction of the chain arm, sharing the same channel component, which has a high space utilization rate; the automatic switching of media in different working areas can be realized through zone control, without the need for additional complex pipeline layout, which is suitable for the harsh working conditions of tunnel construction.

[0022] 5. High adaptability: The upper jet zone, water jet zone, and middle jet zone are all located above the ground, while the lower jet zone is located inside the cutting groove. The functions of each zone are matched with the working posture of the chain arm, which can ensure the stability of cooling, cleaning, and slag removal effects. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the large-size cutting head for the deep-buried central drainage ditch of the tunnel according to the present invention during the trenching operation; Figure 2 This is the present invention. Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the distribution of the upper jet zone, water jet zone, middle jet zone, and lower jet zone in the image; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the chain arm of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Enlarged view at point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 4 Another perspective view; Figure 7 This is the present invention. Figure 6 Enlarged view at point C; Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the receiving tank; Figure 9 This is the present invention. Figure 8 Enlarged view at point D; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the chain arm of the present invention cut open from the air supply channel; Figure 11 This is the present invention. Figure 10 Enlarged view at point E in the middle; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the chain arm of the present invention cut open from the water supply channel; Figure 13 This is the present invention. Figure 12 Enlarged view at point F; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the interaction between the cutting teeth and the chain of this invention; Figure 15 This is the present invention. Figure 14 Another perspective view; Figure 16 This is a partial schematic diagram of the adjustment component of the present invention; Figure 17 This is the present invention. Figure 16 A schematic diagram of the cut-open central sliding cover; Figure 18 This is the present invention. Figure 17 Enlarged view at point G; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the elastic card plate of the present invention.

[0025] The components include: 1. Chain arm; 2. Chain; 3. Cutting teeth; 4. Channel assembly; 401. Air jet channel; 402. Water jet channel; 5. Adjustment assembly; 501. Adapter post; 502. Adapter channel; 503. Sliding cover; 5031. Outer cover; 5032. Inner cover; 504. Roller; 505. First elastic push rod; 506. Second elastic push rod; 507. First push rod; 508. Second push rod; 509. Elastic clamping plate; 5091. First Z-shaped plate; 5092. Second Z-shaped plate; 5093. Connecting plate; 5094, round rod; 5095, locking spring; 510, unlocking plate; 6, upper jet zone; 7, water jet zone; 8, middle jet zone; 9, lower jet zone; 10, receiving groove; 11, oblique hole; 12, groove; 13, oblique surface; 14, oblique slot; 15, air supply channel; 16, water supply channel; 17, air supply hose; 18, water supply hose; 19, extension slot; 20, cylindrical slot; 21, fan-shaped slot; 22, mounting slot; 23, strip slot; 24, first sliding slot; 25, second sliding slot; 26, through slot. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., shown in the accompanying drawings of this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention. It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a large-size cutting head for deep-buried central drainage ditches in tunnels, which is in the form of a chain saw. The cutting head includes a chain arm 1, a chain 2, and cutting teeth 3. The chain arm 1 has a top and a bottom in its working posture, with the bottom tilted forward. Behind the chain arm 1, the chain 2 moves upward along the chain arm 1 and cuts the rock strata. It should be noted that since the chain arm 1 has different tilt angles in its working state, the vertical relationships mentioned herein are based on the chain arm 1 itself, not on the ground. In its working state, the front end of the chain arm 1 first swings downward to become the aforementioned bottom end, and the rear end is the swing center of the chain arm 1, which is the aforementioned top end. When the chain arm 1 swings downward to its maximum tilt angle (generally between 75° and 85°), the chain arm 1 will maintain the maximum tilt angle and move backward to perform ground cutting trench operations.

[0029] A drive sprocket and a driven sprocket are respectively installed at the top and bottom of the chain arm 1. The chain 2 is wound between the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket, and the chain 2 meshes with both the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket. Cutting teeth 3 are fixedly installed on the links of the chain 2. When the chain arm 1 is in operation, and the cutting teeth 3 move to the rear side of the chain arm 1, the cutting teeth 3 are located at the rear side of the chain 2 in the front-back direction.

[0030] like Figures 4 to 13 As shown, the chain arm 1 is provided with several channel components 4 that are equidistantly distributed along the length of the chain arm 1. Assuming that the chain arm 1 is in a vertical state, all the channel components 4 are equidistantly distributed on the chain arm 1 in the height direction with the ground as the reference.

[0031] like Figure 11 and Figure 13 As shown, the channel assembly 4 includes an air jet channel 401 and a water jet channel 402. The air jet channel 401 is used to jet airflow onto the chain 2 and the cutting teeth 3, and the water jet channel 402 is used to jet water onto the chain 2 and the cutting teeth 3.

[0032] The rear end of the jet channel 401 extends upward at an angle, causing the high-pressure air ejected from the rear side of the chain arm 1 to move upward along the rock sidewall of the cutting groove, creating a lifting force on the slag and facilitating slag removal. The ejected high-pressure air ensures that the air pressure on the side of the cutting teeth 3 facing the chain 2 is greater than the air pressure on the side contacting the rock layer, preventing slag from crossing the cutting teeth 3 and entering the chain 2, thus reducing wear. The ejected high-pressure air also helps cool the chain arm 1, chain 2, and cutting teeth 3, preventing high temperatures from accumulating in the cutting groove. The airflow guides the high-temperature gas to be better discharged from the cutting groove, achieving a cooling effect. The ejected high-pressure air can also use airflow circulation to carry away the hot and humid air in the cutting groove, making the cutting groove drier and reducing the adhesion of wet slag.

[0033] The rear end of the water spray channel 402 extends downward at an angle, allowing the sprayed water to wash the chain 2 and cutting teeth 3 from the inside out. Due to the inclined posture of the chain arm 1 during operation, the washed wastewater, under its own gravity, gathers on the front side of the cutting teeth 3, i.e., the side connecting to the chain 2. As the wastewater flows downward along the front side of the cutting teeth 3, it is discharged through the gaps between the cutting teeth 3, especially under the action of high-pressure air, which allows for better discharge. In this process, the water flow not only efficiently cools the chain arm 1, chain 2, and cutting teeth 3, but also effectively carries away the dust inside the chain 2, improving the cleaning effect of the chain 2 and cutting teeth 3 and reducing wear caused by dust accumulation.

[0034] Both the jet channel 401 and the water spray channel 402 can be opened and closed. When the jet channel 401 is open and the water spray channel 402 is closed, the channel assembly 4 is in a jet spraying state; when the jet channel 401 is closed and the water spray channel 402 is open, the channel assembly 4 is in a water spraying state. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, an adjustment component 5 is provided on the rear side of the chain arm 1. The adjustment component 5 configures all the channel components 4 as follows: from top to bottom, the upper jet zone 6, the water jet zone 7, the middle jet zone 8, and the lower jet zone 9 are distributed in sequence. The upper jet zone 6, the water jet zone 7, and the middle jet zone 8 are all located above the ground, while the lower jet zone 9 is located in the ground cutting groove.

[0035] When the chain arm 1 is in operation, its bottom is located within the ground cutting groove, and its top is above the ground. At this time, the upper air jet zone 6 and water jet zone 7 are located above the ground, outside the ground cutting groove. During the movement of the chain 2 and cutting teeth 3, they are first rinsed and cooled by the water jet zone 7, and then dehumidified and further cooled by the upper air jet zone 6. This also prevents water from entering the interior of the chain arm 1 when the chain 2 and cutting teeth 3 carry a large amount of water past the top of the chain arm 1.

[0036] After the chain 2 and cutting teeth 3 leave the ground cutting groove, they first pass through the middle jet zone 8 and then the water spray zone 7 for initial cooling. The middle jet zone 8 can also initially blow away debris from the chain 2 and cutting teeth 3, thus improving both cooling and cleaning effects when combined with the water spray zone 7. Furthermore, the middle jet zone 8 separates the water spray zone 7 from the lower jet zone 9. As the water flow from the chain 2 and cutting teeth 3 flows downwards from the water spray zone 7 through the middle jet zone 8, the airflow in the middle jet zone 8 is tilted upwards. This not only slows down the downward flow of the water but also blows the water away from the chain 2 and cutting teeth 3, preventing water from entering the ground cutting groove and avoiding excessive humidity that could cause debris to adhere and affect cutting efficiency.

[0037] The water spray zone 7 is located above the ground. During the process of rinsing the chain 2 and the cutting teeth 3, water flows out from the gaps between the cutting teeth 3 in the water spray zone 7, the upper air jet zone 6 and the middle air jet zone 8. After the water flows out, it falls to the ground behind the chain arm 1. During this process, the discharged water flow can also reduce the dust generated by the chain 2 behind the chain arm 1 when cutting the rock layer.

[0038] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a receiving groove 10 is provided on the circumferential surface of the chain arm 1, the chain 2 is located in the receiving groove 10, and the cutting tooth 3 is connected to one side of the chain 2 and slides in contact with both sides of the groove opening of the receiving groove 10. The cutting tooth 3 has the following effect by sliding in contact with the groove opening of the receiving groove 10: 1. In the lower jet zone 9, not only can the phenomenon of debris entering the chain 2 from the side of the cutting tooth 3 be alleviated, but the air pressure between the cutting tooth 3 and the rear side of the chain arm 1 can also be better maintained than the air pressure between the cutting tooth 3 and the groove wall of the ground cutting groove. By utilizing the pressure difference, the phenomenon of debris entering the chain 2 from the side of the cutting tooth 3 can be further alleviated, and the upward lifting force on the debris can be better formed, thus improving the effect of auxiliary slag removal.

[0039] 2. In the middle jet zone 8, the pressure difference is used to make the water jet from the water jet zone 7 more concentrated on one side of the chain 2 connecting the cutting teeth 3 after splashing. When the water flows downward through the gaps between the cutting teeth 3, the water is better blown out of the cutting teeth 3, carrying away heat and dust, and improving the cooling and cleaning effects.

[0040] 3. In the water spraying area 7, prevent water from flowing out from the side gaps of the chain arm 1 and the cutting teeth 3 and then flowing down the outer side of the chain arm 1 into the ground cutting groove.

[0041] 4. In the upper jet zone 6, the pressure difference and airflow can be used to better cool and dehumidify the chain 2 and the cutting teeth 3.

[0042] like Figure 14 and Figure 15As shown, the cutting tooth 3 is provided with multiple oblique holes 11. The oblique holes 11 are strip-shaped holes, and are arranged such that when the cutting tooth 3 moves to the rear side of the chain arm 1, the rear end of the oblique hole 11 extends upward at an angle, and the angle between the extension direction of the oblique hole 11 and the chain arm 1 is 25°. The oblique holes 11 can serve as channels for airflow and water flow to be ejected from the cutting tooth 3. The oblique arrangement of the oblique holes 11 allows the airflow and water flow ejected from the oblique holes 11 to form a fixed 25° angle with the wall of the ground cutting groove. In this state, the airflow has a better lifting force on the debris in the lower jet zone 9, which can better assist in debris removal. In the water spray zone 7, since the rear end of the inclined hole 11 is inclined downward and the rear end of the water spray channel 402 is inclined downward, after the sprayed water flows over the chain 2 and the cutting teeth 3, a large amount of water will flow along the cutting teeth 3 carrying dust to the middle jet zone 8, which can increase the water flow sprayed from the gaps between the cutting teeth 3 in the middle jet zone 8. Since the middle jet zone 8 is closer to the dust point, wastewater can be better utilized to reduce dust.

[0043] like Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, a groove 12 is provided on one side of the chain 2 connecting the cutting tooth 3. The two ends of the groove 12 extend through the cutting tooth 3 along the length of the chain 2. The groove 12 can better converge airflow and water flow, improving the cooling and rinsing effect. The groove 12 can also better converge water flow, allowing the wastewater generated during rinsing to flow steadily downwards along the groove 12, guiding more water flow to the gap between the cutting teeth 3, and improving the water discharge effect.

[0044] like Figure 14 As shown, when the cutting tooth 3 is located behind the chain arm 1, the top of the groove 12 is provided with a 25° rearward inclined surface 13, and the bottom of the rear side of the cutting tooth 3 is provided with a groove 14 of the same width as the groove 12, which is parallel to the inclined surface 13. By setting the inclined surface 13 and the groove 14, the gap between two adjacent cutting teeth 3 can better guide the airflow and water flow. In the lower jet zone 9, the airflow ejected from the inclined surface 13 and the groove 14 can form a better lifting force on the debris, improving the auxiliary slag removal effect. In the middle jet zone 8, the water spray zone 7, and the upper jet zone 6, the gap between two adjacent cutting teeth 3 makes the airflow and water flow ejection effect better and more efficient, improving the cooling and cleaning effect.

[0045] like Figures 10 to 13 As shown, the chain arm 1 is provided with an air supply channel 15 and a water supply channel 16. The air supply channel 15 and the water supply channel 16 are distributed on both sides of the chain arm 1 in the thickness direction. The front end of all jet channels 401 is connected to the air supply channel 15, and the front end of all water spray channels 402 is connected to the water supply channel 16. The top of the gas supply channel 15 is connected to a high-pressure gas source via a gas supply hose 17, and the top of the water supply channel 16 is connected to a high-pressure water source via a water supply hose 18.

[0046] A high-pressure water source injects high-pressure water into the water supply channel 16 via the water supply hose 18, and the high-pressure water then enters each spray channel 402 from the water supply channel 16. A high-pressure air source injects high-pressure airflow into the air supply channel 15 via the air supply hose 17, and the high-pressure airflow then enters each jet channel 401 from the air supply channel 15. Both the air supply channel 15 and the water supply channel 16 are integrated inside the chain arm 1, making full use of the space of the chain arm 1, with a reasonable layout that avoids exposure and does not affect the normal grooving operation of the cutting head. The water supply hose 18 and the air supply hose 17 are located at the top of the chain arm 1, and similarly do not interfere with the normal grooving operation of the cutting head.

[0047] like Figure 2 , Figures 16 to 18 As shown, the adjustment component 5 includes: The adapter post 501 is rotatably disposed at the intersection of the jet channel 401 and the water spray channel 402. The adapter post 501 has a radially penetrating adapter channel 502 inside, such as... Figure 18 As shown, the adapter post 501 has a first position that connects the adapter channel 502 to the jet channel 401, and a second position that connects the adapter channel 502 to the water jet channel 402. like Figure 5 , Figure 7 , Figure 11 and Figure 13 As shown, a cylindrical groove 20 is provided on the chain arm 1 at the intersection of the jet channel 401 and the water spray channel 402. The adapter post 501 is rotatably installed in the cylindrical groove 20, so that the adapter post 501 is hidden inside the chain arm 1 and is not exposed from the side of the chain arm 1. The diameters at both ends of the adapter post 501 are smaller than the diameter at the middle, so that the two ends of the adapter post 501 and the two ends of the cylindrical groove 20 form a stepped groove at the intersection of the jet channel 401 and the water spray channel 402, which has better sealing performance.

[0048] like Figure 11 and Figure 13As shown, the jet channel 401 and the water spray channel 402 are connected at their intersection. When the adapter channel 502 is aligned with the jet channel 401, the portion of the jet channel 401 located on both sides of the adapter post 501 is connected by the adapter channel 502, thus opening the jet channel 401. Simultaneously, the portion of the water spray channel 402 located on both sides of the adapter post 501 is closed by the adapter post 501, thus closing the water spray channel 402. Similarly, when the adapter channel 502 is aligned with the water spray channel 402, the portion of the water spray channel 402 located on both sides of the adapter post 501 is connected by the adapter channel 502, thus opening the water spray channel 402. Simultaneously, the portion of the jet channel 401 located on both sides of the adapter post 501 is closed by the adapter post 501, thus closing the jet channel 401.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 16 As shown, the sliding cover 503 is slidably fitted onto the outside of the chain arm 1 along its length. The bottom end of the sliding cover 503 is provided with a roller 504 for rolling contact with the ground. During operation, the roller 504 of the sliding cover 503 remains in contact with the ground under its own weight. As the bottom end of the chain arm 1 swings backward, the sliding cover 503 experiences an upward supporting force from the ground and pressure from the chain arm 1. At this time, the sliding cover 503 moves upward relative to the chain arm 1.

[0050] like Figure 17 and Figure 18 As shown, the first elastic push rod 505 and the second elastic push rod 506 are disposed on the inner side wall of the sliding cover 503; during the movement of the sliding cover 503, the first elastic push rod 505 and the second elastic push rod 506 move synchronously with the sliding cover 503.

[0051] In the height direction of the sliding cover 503, since the sliding cover 503 is parallel to the chain arm 1, the height direction of the sliding cover 503 is equal to the length direction of the chain arm 1. The first elastic push rod 505 and the second elastic push rod 506 are arranged vertically at intervals. In the front-back direction of the sliding cover 503, the first elastic push rod 505 and the second elastic push rod 506 are arranged in a staggered front-back position and can elastically extend and retract. like Figure 2 , Figures 16 to 18 As shown, the first push rod 507 and the second push rod 508 are fixedly disposed at the end of the adapter post 501 and are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner about the rotation axis of the adapter post 501; the extension directions of the first push rod 507 and the second push rod 508 are both parallel to the extension direction of the adapter channel 502. During the reciprocating motion of the sliding cover 503 along the chain arm 1: Each time the first elastic push rod 505 passes the first push rod 507, the adapter post 501 switches between the first position and the second position once. Each time the second elastic push rod 506 passes the second push rod 508, the adapter post 501 switches between the first position and the second position once.

[0052] As the sliding cover 503 moves upward along the chain arm 1, the second elastic push rod 506 is positioned above the first elastic push rod 505. Therefore, the second elastic push rod 506 and the first elastic push rod 505 will pass through the same transition post 501 sequentially. When the second elastic push rod 506 passes upward through the transition post 501, it pushes the second push rod 508 upward, causing the transition post 501 to rotate and switch it from the first position to the second position. When the first elastic push rod 505 passes through the transition post 501, it pushes the first push rod 507 upward, causing the transition post 501 to rotate and switch it from the second position to the first position.

[0053] As the sliding cover 503 moves downward along the chain arm 1, the first elastic push rod 505 is located below the second elastic push rod 506. Therefore, the first elastic push rod 505 and the second elastic push rod 506 will pass through the same transition post 501 successively. When the first elastic push rod 505 moves downward through the transition post 501, it will push the first push rod 507 downward, causing the transition post 501 to rotate and switch the transition post 501 from the first position to the second position. When the second elastic push rod 506 moves downward through the transition post 501, it will push the second push rod 508 downward, causing the transition post 501 to rotate and switch the transition post 501 from the second position to the first position.

[0054] During the operation of the chain arm 1, the sliding cover 503 moves upward, thus ensuring that the adapter post 501 located within the ground cutting groove remains in the first position, causing the channel assembly 4 within the ground cutting groove to be in an air-jet state and forming the lower air-jet zone 9. The adapter post 501 within the coverage area of ​​the first elastic push rod 505 within the sliding cover 503 is also in the first position, causing a portion of the channel assembly 4 above the groove opening of the ground cutting groove to be in an air-jet state and forming the middle air-jet zone 8. The adapter post 501 within the coverage area of ​​the second elastic push rod 506 within the sliding cover 503 is in the second position, causing a portion of the channel assembly 4 above the middle air-jet zone 8 to be in a water-jet state and forming the water-jet zone 7. The channel assembly 4 above the water-jet zone 7 was adjusted to an air-jet state during the previous downward movement of the sliding cover 503, forming the upper air-jet zone 6.

[0055] like Figure 17As shown, multiple first elastic push rods 505 and second elastic push rods 506 are provided inside the sliding cover 503. The distance between two adjacent first elastic push rods 505, the distance between two adjacent second elastic push rods 506, and the distance between adjacent first elastic push rods 505 and second elastic push rods 506 are the same. The water spray zone 7 and the middle jet zone 8 are both located inside the sliding cover 503. By setting multiple first elastic push rods 505 and second elastic push rods 506, and by setting the number of first elastic push rods 505 and second elastic push rods 506, the coverage of the middle jet zone 8 and the water spray zone 7 can be effectively matched. On the one hand, the middle jet zone 8 has sufficient coverage to effectively remove water flow and prevent water flow from entering the ground cutting groove; on the other hand, the water spray zone 7 has sufficient coverage to effectively cool and clean the chain 2 and the cutting teeth 3.

[0056] like Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, the sliding cover 503 includes an outer cover 5031 and an inner cover 5032. The front sides of the inner cover 5032 are slidably engaged with the side walls of the chain arm 1. The roller 504 is installed at the bottom of the rear end of the outer cover 5031. The inner cover 5032 is slidably sleeved inside the outer cover 5031 along the length of the chain arm 1. The first elastic push rod 505 and the second elastic push rod 506 are both provided on the side wall of the inner cover 5032. An elastic locking plate 509 is slidably provided on the side wall of each adapter post 501 in front of each adapter post 501. The elastic locking plate 509 and the second push rod 508 are located on the same side of the adapter post 501. The elastic locking plate 509 locks the adapter post 501 in the first position or the second position by abutting against the side of the second push rod 508. An unlocking plate 510 is fixedly provided at the front end of the outer cover 5031. The unlocking plate 510 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first elastic push rod 505 and the second elastic push rod 506. During the reciprocating motion of the sliding cover 503 along the chain arm 1: Before the first elastic push rod 505 contacts the first push rod 507 and before the second elastic push rod 506 contacts the second push rod 508, the unlocking plate 510 pushes the elastic locking plate 509 to separate from the second push rod 508. After the adapter post 501 switches positions, the unlocking plate 510 separates from the elastic locking plate 509, and the elastic locking plate 509 locks the adapter post 501 again.

[0057] like Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the side of the chain arm 1 is provided with fan-shaped grooves 21 on both the front and rear sides of the rotating column. When the adapter column 501 is in the first position, the upper surface of the first push rod 507 contacts the top side wall of the rear fan-shaped groove 21, and the lower surface of the second push rod 508 contacts the bottom side wall of the front fan-shaped groove 21. At this time, the elastic locking plate 509 abuts against the upper surface of the second push rod 508. The elastic locking plate 509 cooperates with the front fan-shaped groove 21 to lock the second push rod 508, thereby locking the adapter column 501 in the first position. When the adapter post 501 is in the second position, the lower surface of the first push rod 507 contacts the bottom side wall of the rear sector groove 21, and the upper surface of the second push rod 508 contacts the top side wall of the front sector groove 21. At this time, the elastic locking plate 509 abuts against the lower surface of the second push rod 508. The elastic locking plate 509 cooperates with the front sector groove 21 to lock the second push rod 508, thereby locking the adapter post 501 in the second position.

[0058] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the side of the chain arm 1 is provided with a mounting groove 22, and the fan-shaped groove 21 is located within the mounting groove 22, as shown. Figure 18 As shown, both the first elastic push rod 505 and the second elastic push rod 506 include a rod body, a slider, a guide rod, and a storage spring. A strip groove 23 is provided on the side wall of the inner cover 5032. The extension direction of the strip groove 23 is parallel to the width direction of the chain arm 1. The two ends of the guide rod are fixedly connected to the inner wall surfaces of the front and rear ends of the through groove 26, respectively. The slider is slidably disposed in the strip groove 23 and is slidably sleeved outside the guide rod. The rod body is fixed on the side of the slider facing the side of the chain arm 1. The rod body is located in the mounting groove 22. During the movement of the sliding cover 503, the rod body will move in the mounting groove 22 and pass through each sector groove 21 in sequence. The storage spring is sleeved outside the guide rod. The front end of the storage spring is fixedly connected to the rear side of the slider, and the rear end of the storage spring is fixedly connected to the rear inner wall surface of the strip groove 23.

[0059] The outer cover 5031 and the inner cover 5032 slide together. During the process of the front end of the chain arm 1 swinging downwards and cutting into the ground, the outer cover 5031 is supported by the ground, while the bottom of the inner cover 5032 is suspended. This causes the outer cover 5031 to move upwards relative to the inner cover 5032. During this process, the outer cover 5031 will drive the unlocking plate 510 to move upwards, so that the height of the unlocking plate 510 corresponding to the first elastic push rod 505 is greater than the first elastic push rod 505, and the height of the unlocking plate 510 corresponding to the second elastic push rod 506 is greater than the second elastic push rod 506. Therefore, during the subsequent upward movement of the sliding cover 503, the unlocking plate 510 will first push the elastic locking plate 509 to separate from the second push rod 508, unlocking the adapter post 501.

[0060] When the sliding cover 503 slides downward on the chain arm 1 under its own weight, when the first elastic push rod 505 and the second elastic push rod 506 respectively contact the first push rod 507 and the second push rod 508, the adapter post 501 is locked and therefore cannot adjust its position. The first elastic push rod 505 and the second elastic push rod 506 cannot push the first push rod 507 and the second push rod 508. At this time, the outer cover 5031, under its own weight and the weight of the roller 504, will move downward relative to the inner cover 5032 from the outside of the inner cover 5032. During the downward movement of the outer cover 5031, the unlocking plate 510 is pressed against the elastic locking plate 509 to unlock the adapter post 501. This allows the sliding cover 503 to switch between the first and second positions of the adapter post 501 as it moves downward.

[0061] In this embodiment, the sliding cover 503 is provided with a first elastic push rod 505 and a second elastic push rod 506 on both sides of the chain arm 1 in the thickness direction, and the chain arm 1 is provided with a fan-shaped groove 21 and a mounting groove 22 on both sides of its thickness direction. Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 As shown, the chain arm 1 has a first sliding groove 24 and a second sliding groove 25 on both sides in the thickness direction. In the front-to-back direction, the first sliding groove 24, the second sliding groove 25, and the mounting groove 22 are distributed sequentially from front to back. The unlocking plate 510 is located in the first sliding groove 24, and the front end of the outer cover 5031 is slidably engaged with the second sliding groove 25.

[0062] like Figure 2 and Figure 19 As shown, the elastic locking plate 509 includes a first Z-shaped plate 5091, a second Z-shaped plate 5092, a connecting plate 5093, a round rod 5094, and a locking spring 5095, as follows. Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, the second sliding groove 25 is provided with a through groove 26 that penetrates the chain arm 1 in the thickness direction. The first Z-shaped plate 5091 and the second Z-shaped plate 5092 are fixedly connected to both ends of the connecting plate 5093. The first Z-shaped plate 5091 and the second Z-shaped plate 5092 are located on both sides of the chain arm 1 in the thickness direction. The connecting plate 5093 penetrates the through groove 26. In the thickness direction of the chain arm 1, the front ends of the first Z-shaped plate 5091 and the second Z-shaped plate 5092 are located inside the rear ends. The rear ends of the first Z-shaped plate 5091 and the second Z-shaped plate 5092 are inserted into the mounting groove 22. The rear ends of the upper and lower sides of the first Z-shaped plate 5091 and the second Z-shaped plate 5092 are chamfered so that the elastic locking plate 509 is in surface contact with the second push rod 508. A round rod 5094 is fixedly installed on the rear end of the outer side of the first Z-shaped plate 5091 and the second Z-shaped plate 5092, and the round rod 5094 is located in the second sliding groove 25. The unlocking plate 510 is aligned with the round rod 5094. The unlocking plate 510 has an isosceles trapezoidal structure, and the front side of the unlocking plate 510 is the shorter side of the isosceles trapezoid. The locking spring 5095 is located in the through groove 26. The rear end of the locking spring 5095 is connected to the connecting plate 5093, and the front end of the locking spring 5095 is connected to the front inner wall of the through groove 26. When the unlocking plate 510 passes the round rod 5094 upwards or downwards, the round rod 5094 moves from the inclined side of the unlocking plate 510 to its shorter side. During this process, the elastic locking plate 509 moves forward and disengages from the second push rod 508, and the locking spring 5095 is compressed.

[0063] like Figure 16 and Figure 17 As shown, the rear side of the outer cover 5031 is open, while the rear side of the inner cover 5032 is closed. The bottom of the rear side of the inner cover 5032 has an opening, and the top of the opening has an extension groove 19 that slopes backward. During the grooving operation, there is a gap between the bottom of the inner cover 5032 and the ground. The inclined extension groove 19 creates sufficient space between the bottom of the inner cover 5032 and the chain arm 1 to collect the discharged slag. Simultaneously, the water and debris sprayed from the water spray zone 7 and the intermediate air spray zone 8 impact the rear inner wall of the inner cover 5032 and slide down it. The extension groove 19 guides the water and debris away from the ground cutting groove opening, preventing the water from directly entering the ground cutting groove.

[0064] During the grooving operation, the inner cover 5032 forms a relatively enclosed space that covers the groove opening of the chain 2 and the ground cutting groove, effectively reducing dust. It also enhances dust reduction by collecting water jets from the water spray zone 7 and the middle air jet zone 8. As the water jets within the upper air jet zone 6 fall to the ground, the inner cover 5032 blocks the water jets at the junction of the ground cutting groove opening and the chain 2, preventing water from dripping directly into the ground cutting groove.

[0065] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A large-size cutting head for a deep-buried central drainage ditch in a tunnel, comprising a chain arm (1), a chain (2), and cutting teeth (3), characterized in that, The chain arm (1) has a top end and a bottom end in the working posture, and the chain arm (1) is in a state where the bottom end is tilted forward. On the rear side of the chain arm (1), the chain (2) moves upward along the chain arm (1) and cuts the rock layer. The chain arm (1) is provided with a plurality of channel components (4) equidistantly distributed along the length direction of the chain arm (1), the channel components (4) including: The jet channel (401) is used to inject airflow into the chain (2) and the cutting teeth (3); Water spray channel (402) is used to spray water onto the chain (2) and the cutting teeth (3); The rear end of the jet channel (401) extends upward at an angle, and the rear end of the water spray channel (402) extends downward at an angle. The jet channel (401) and the water spray channel (402) intersect each other in the thickness direction of the chain arm (1) and are arranged in an X-shape. Both the jet channel (401) and the water spray channel (402) can be opened and closed. When the jet channel (401) is open and the water spray channel (402) is closed, the channel assembly (4) is in a jet state; when the jet channel (401) is closed and the water spray channel (402) is open, the channel assembly (4) is in a water spray state. An adjustment component (5) is provided on the rear side of the chain arm (1). The adjustment component (5) configures all the channel components (4) as follows: an upper jet zone (6), a water spray zone (7), a middle jet zone (8), and a lower jet zone (9) distributed from top to bottom. The upper jet zone (6), the water spray zone (7), and the middle jet zone (8) are all located above the ground, and the lower jet zone (9) is located in the ground cutting groove.

2. The large-size cutting head for deep-buried central drainage ditches in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circumferential surface of the chain arm (1) is provided with a receiving groove (10), the chain (2) is located in the receiving groove (10), and the cutting tooth (3) is connected to one side of the chain (2) and slides in contact with the two sides of the groove opening of the receiving groove (10).

3. The large-size cutting head for deep-buried central drainage ditches in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tooth (3) is provided with a plurality of oblique holes (11). The oblique holes (11) are strip-shaped holes. The oblique holes (11) are arranged such that when the cutting tooth (3) moves to the rear side of the chain arm (1), the rear end of the oblique hole (11) extends upward at an angle, and the angle between the extension direction of the oblique hole (11) and the chain arm (1) is 25°.

4. The large-size cutting head for deep-buried central drainage ditches in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tooth (3) is provided with a groove (12) on one side of the chain (2), and the cutting tooth (3) passes through both ends of the groove (12) along the length direction of the chain (2).

5. A large-size cutting head for deep-buried central drainage ditches in tunnels according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the cutting tooth (3) is located behind the chain arm (1), the top of the groove (12) is provided with a slope (13) that is inclined to the rear at 25°, and the bottom of the rear side of the cutting tooth (3) is provided with a groove (14) with the same width as the groove (12), and the groove (14) is parallel to the slope (13).

6. The large-size cutting head for deep-buried central drainage ditches in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The chain arm (1) is provided with an air supply channel (15) and a water supply channel (16). The air supply channel (15) and the water supply channel (16) are distributed on both sides of the chain arm (1) in the thickness direction. The front end of all the air jet channels (401) is connected to the air supply channel (15), and the front end of all the water jet channels (402) is connected to the water supply channel (16). The top of the gas supply channel (15) is connected to a high-pressure gas source via a gas supply hose (17), and the top of the water supply channel (16) is connected to a high-pressure water source via a water supply hose (18).

7. A large-size cutting head for deep-buried central drainage ditches in tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment component (5) includes: A transition post (501) is rotatably disposed at the intersection of the jet channel (401) and the water spray channel (402). The transition post (501) is provided with a radially penetrating transition channel (502). The transition post (501) has a first position that connects the transition channel (502) with the jet channel (401) and a second position that connects the transition channel (502) with the water spray channel (402). A sliding cover (503) is slidably sleeved on the outside of the chain arm (1) along the length direction of the chain arm (1), and the bottom end of the sliding cover (503) is provided with a roller (504) for rolling contact with the ground. The first elastic push rod (505) and the second elastic push rod (506) are disposed on the inner side wall of the sliding cover (503); In the height direction of the sliding cover (503), the first elastic push rod (505) and the second elastic push rod (506) are arranged vertically at intervals. In the front-back direction of the sliding cover (503), the first elastic push rod (505) and the second elastic push rod (506) are arranged in a staggered manner and can elastically extend and retract. The first push rod (507) and the second push rod (508) are fixedly disposed at the end of the adapter post (501) and are arranged in a centrally symmetrical manner about the rotation axis of the adapter post (501); the extension directions of the first push rod (507) and the second push rod (508) are both parallel to the extension direction of the adapter channel (502). During the reciprocating motion of the sliding cover (503) along the chain arm (1): Each time the first elastic push rod (505) passes the first push rod (507), the adapter post (501) switches between the first position and the second position once. Each time the second elastic push rod (506) passes the second push rod (508), the adapter post (501) switches between the first position and the second position once.

8. A large-size cutting head for deep-buried central drainage ditches in tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that, Multiple first elastic push rods (505) and second elastic push rods (506) are provided inside the sliding cover (503). The distance between two adjacent first elastic push rods (505), the distance between two adjacent second elastic push rods (506), and the distance between adjacent first elastic push rods (505) and second elastic push rods (506) are the same. The water spray area (7) and the central jet spray area (8) are both located inside the sliding cover (503).

9. A large-size cutting head for deep-buried central drainage ditches in tunnels according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sliding cover (503) includes an outer cover (5031) and an inner cover (5032). The front ends of the inner cover (5032) are slidably engaged with the side walls of the chain arm (1). The roller (504) is installed at the bottom of the rear end of the outer cover (5031). The inner cover (5032) is slidably fitted inside the outer cover (5031) along the length of the chain arm (1). The first elastic push rod (505) and the second elastic push rod (506) are both disposed on the side wall of the inner cover (5032). The side wall of the chain arm (1) is... Each adapter post (501) has a sliding elastic plate (509) on its front side. The elastic plate (509) and the second push rod (508) are located on the same side of the adapter post (501). The elastic plate (509) locks the adapter post (501) in a first position or a second position by abutting against the side of the second push rod (508). The front end of the outer cover (5031) is fixedly provided with an unlocking plate (510). The unlocking plate (510) is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the first elastic push rod (505) and the second elastic push rod (506). During the reciprocating motion of the sliding cover (503) along the chain arm (1): Before the first elastic push rod (505) contacts the first push rod (507) and before the second elastic push rod (506) contacts the second push rod (508), the unlocking plate (510) pushes the elastic locking plate (509) to separate from the second push rod (508), and after the adapter post (501) switches positions, the unlocking plate (510) separates from the elastic locking plate (509), and the elastic locking plate (509) locks the adapter post (501) again.

10. A large-size cutting head for a deep-buried central drainage ditch in a tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that, The rear side of the outer cover (5031) is open, the rear side of the inner cover (5032) is closed, and the bottom of the rear side of the inner cover (5032) is provided with an opening, and the top of the opening is provided with an extension groove (19) that extends backward at the bottom.

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