High degree of freedom waterstop structure for tunnel deformation joint waterproof and construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high-freedom waterstop structure for tunnel deformation joint waterproof and a construction method thereof. The high-freedom waterstop structure comprises a free deformation rubber part, a joint part and a steel plate part. The free deformation rubber part is arranged at a tunnel deformation joint. The steel plate part with a corrugated angle is embedded in a lining structure on both sides of the tunnel deformation joint. The joint part connects the steel plate part and the free deformation rubber part into an integrated whole. A protective cover is jointly covered on the outside of the joint part and the free deformation rubber part, and the inside is filled with a sealing paste. The protective cover separates the free deformation rubber part from concrete, avoids the vibration and falling of the sealing paste in the construction process and the invasion of concrete slurry, and the inside rubber can be freely stretched and deformed to adapt to the tunnel settlement deformation. The arrangement of the steel plate part and the water-swelling rubber prolongs the seepage path, reduces the risk of eddy leakage, the waterstop structure is quickly connected with a tunnel lining structure formwork through a formwork positioning part, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel waterproofing technology. More specifically, this invention relates to a high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Waterproofing of tunnel expansion joints generally relies on steel-edged rubber waterstops. However, these waterstops typically incorporate Ω / circular structures at the expansion joint location to enhance their deformation resistance. However, during actual concrete pouring, positioning deviations of the Ω structure at the expansion joint and concrete compression during the pouring process can easily lead to the Ω structure being encased in concrete, restricting its freedom of movement. Although the waterstop material has strong deformation resistance, the Ω structure is susceptible to damage from uneven loads during tunnel settlement and deformation, resulting in localized leaks. Furthermore, waterstops embedded in concrete can elongate and deform under stress, potentially separating from the concrete and reducing the seepage path, leading to bypass leaks. Summary of the Invention

[0003] One object of the present invention is to solve at least the above-mentioned problems and to provide at least the advantages that will be described later.

[0004] Another objective of this invention is to provide a high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure and its construction method for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints, so as to solve the technical problem that the existing waterstop structure has poor adaptability to tunnel settlement and deformation.

[0005] To achieve these objectives and other advantages according to the present invention, in one aspect, the present invention provides a high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints, comprising: The free-deformable rubber section is installed at the tunnel expansion joint and is located between the upper and lower templates of the tunnel lining structure. The connecting component includes steel plates symmetrically arranged on the free-deformable rubber part facing the tunnel lining structure on both sides. A joint is provided between the steel plate on each side and the corresponding side of the free-deformable rubber part. A sealant is applied between the joints on both sides and on the surface of the free-deformable rubber part. The steel plates are embedded in the lining structure on the corresponding side. The limiting and protective assembly includes a protective cover and a template limiting component. The joints on both sides and the upper outer side of the free-deformable rubber part are covered and connected to a protective cover. The joints on both sides and the lower outer side of the free-deformable rubber part are covered and connected to a protective cover. The middle outer side of the protective cover on each side is connected to the template limiting component to cooperate with the upper or lower template on the corresponding side for limiting connection. The lining structure is poured in the area outside the upper template, lower template and protective cover.

[0006] Preferably, the free-deformable rubber part is a waveform structure capable of deformation.

[0007] Preferably, the middle part of the steel plate is bent upward or downward in sequence to form multiple raised wavy angles, and water-swellable rubber is attached to the inner side of each wavy angle.

[0008] Preferably, the wave angle of the steel plate on each side is provided at two points, one facing upwards and the other downwards.

[0009] Preferably, the steel plate is aligned with the centerline of the connector in the corresponding direction, and the outwardly protruding end of the wave angle is horizontally flush with the edge of the protective cover at the vertical position.

[0010] Preferably, a buckle is provided on the side of the connector that fits into the protective cover, and a slot is provided on the protective cover.

[0011] Preferably, the dimension of the connector at the end connecting to the free-deformable rubber part is larger than the dimension at the end connecting to the steel plate part.

[0012] Preferably, the outer side of the connector is inclined downward from one end of the free-deformable rubber part toward one end of the steel plate to form a slope, and the slope is smoothly connected to the outer side of the steel plate on the same side, and the protective cover completely covers the slope of the connector on the corresponding side.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the steel plate is set to 2 mm.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a construction method for a high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints, comprising the following steps: S1: Connect the steel plate, the connector and the free-deformable rubber part into one piece. First, apply sealant to the groove of the free-deformable rubber part, and then press the free-deformable rubber part towards the center to ensure that the sealant can fill the gap after pressing. S2: Apply flexible sealant to the upper and lower surfaces of the extruded free-deformable rubber structure, so that the flexible sealant is fully covered and completely covers the surface of the wave structure, and fills the space between the pair of joints; S3: Align and weld the template limiting parts to the corresponding outer side of the protective cover, and fit and connect the upper and lower protective covers with the connector to isolate and protect the free-deformable rubber part and sealant located inside the pair of protective covers. S4: Install the water-swellable rubber inside the wave angle of the steel plate; S5: Hoist the high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure installed in step S4 into the installation position of the tunnel expansion joint, and then fix the steel plate of the pre-cast side lining structure to the corresponding reinforcement. S6: Install the upper template and lower template on the upper and lower protective covers using the template limiting components to seal the gaps between the upper template, lower template and the high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure; S7: Pour the concrete for the side lining structure first; S8: Remove the upper and lower templates and install the joint caulking plate; S9: The steel plate component used to fix the post-cast side lining structure; S10: Concrete for the post-cast side lining structure.

[0015] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) The high degree of freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints of the present invention separates the free deformation rubber part of the waterstop from the concrete by setting a protective cover. The rubber can be stretched and deformed freely, reducing the risk of local stress and damage after being wrapped by concrete, and improving the waterproofing ability of the waterstop.

[0016] (2) The high degree of freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints of the present invention adopts a waveform design for steel plate components to extend the seepage path, and sets water-swellable rubber strips at the waveform position to improve the waterproofing capacity of the steel edge and reduce the risk of leakage around the flow.

[0017] (3) The high degree of freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints of the present invention has a template limiting component set on the outside of the protective cover, which can be connected and fixed with the template to achieve positioning, avoiding misalignment of the waterstop. Flexible sealant is set on the inside of the protective cover to ensure that concrete slurry does not invade the rubber of the waterstop.

[0018] (4) The construction method corresponding to the high degree of freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints of the present invention, when setting the free deformation rubber part, firstly apply sealant and squeeze to shape it, maintain the pressure state itself, and improve the sealing effect. Then apply flexible sealant to prevent the poured concrete from flowing into the gap, while ensuring the free stretching and deformation capacity of the rubber, reducing the risk of local stress and damage after being wrapped by concrete, improving the waterproof performance of the waterstop, and the protective cover isolates the lining structure concrete. The waterstop structure is quickly connected to the tunnel lining structure template through the template positioning component, which improves the construction efficiency.

[0019] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will become apparent in part from the following description, and in part from those skilled in the art through study and practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1This is a front view of the high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints of the present invention, showing the free-deformable rubber part and the connecting component integrated. Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the invention, showing the protective cover provided on the outside of the freely deformable rubber part and the joint component. Figure 3 The main view of the high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints of the present invention is shown in the main view of the structure being hoisted at the tunnel expansion joint and connected to the pre-cast side lining structure. Figure 4 This is a front view structural diagram of the high degree of freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints of the present invention when connected to the post-cast side lining structure. The following are the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Pre-cast side lining structure, 2. Post-cast side lining structure, 3. Expansion joint, 4. Upper side formwork, 5. Lower side formwork, 6. Jointing plate, 7. Reinforcing bar, 8. Freely deformable rubber part, 9. Steel plate component, 10. Joint component, 11. Flexible sealant, 12. Protective cover, 13. Formwork limiting component, 14. Wave angle, 15. Water-swellable rubber, 16. Buckle, 17. Groove. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can implement it based on the description.

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods described in the following embodiments are all conventional methods, and the reagents and materials described are all commercially available unless otherwise specified. In the description of this invention, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0023] like Figure 1-4 As shown, firstly, the present invention provides a high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints, comprising: The free-deformable rubber part 8 is installed at the tunnel expansion joint 3 and located between the upper template 4 and the lower template 5 of the tunnel lining structure; it can deform to cope with the compression and misalignment on both sides of the tunnel expansion joint 3 and is not easily damaged.

[0024] The connecting assembly includes steel plates 9 symmetrically arranged on the free-deformable rubber section 8 facing the tunnel lining structure on both sides. A connector 10 is provided between each steel plate 9 and the corresponding side of the free-deformable rubber section 8. Sealant is applied between the connectors 10 on both sides and to the surface of the free-deformable rubber section 8. The steel plates 9 are pre-embedded in the lining structure on the corresponding side. The steel plates 9 are anchored to the lining structure after concrete is poured. The steel plates 9 are fixedly connected to the connectors 10, and the connectors 10 are fixedly connected to the free-deformable rubber section 8. The connectors 10 and the free-deformable rubber section 8 are in a non-embedded state, in a free state, and bear less load, thus allowing for a smaller size and improved flexibility and deformation capacity of the waterstop.

[0025] The limiting and protective assembly includes a protective cover 12 and a template limiting member 13. The joint members 10 on both sides and the outer side of the upper end of the free-deformable rubber part 8 are jointly covered and connected to a layer of protective cover 12. The joint members 10 on both sides and the outer side of the lower end of the free-deformable rubber part 8 are jointly covered and connected to a layer of protective cover 12. The outer side of the middle part of the protective cover 12 on each side is respectively connected to the template limiting member 13 to cooperate with the upper template 4 or the lower template 5 on the corresponding side for limiting connection. The lining structure is poured in the area outside the upper template 4, the lower template 5 and the protective cover 12.

[0026] The left and right sides of the protective cover 12 are attached to the surface of the connector 10, covering the upper and lower sides of the free-deformable rubber part 8. The protective cover 12 separates the free-deformable rubber part 8 from the concrete, allowing the rubber to stretch and deform freely, reducing the risk of damage due to localized stress after being encased in concrete, and improving the waterproofing capability of the waterstop. The protective cover 12 can be made of flexible materials such as EPDM or stainless steel. The protective cover 12 and the connector 10 can be connected by adhesive bonding, snap-fit, or other methods. The positioning device on the protective shell should be designed according to the size and style of the template. The waterstop protective cover 12 is equipped with a template limiting member 13 for positioning between the upper and lower templates 5 and is connected and fixed to the template to prevent overall misalignment of the waterstop and improve the positioning accuracy of the waterstop. A flexible sealant 11 is applied to the inside of the protective cover 12 to ensure that concrete slurry does not penetrate the rubber covering the waterstop.

[0027] The high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints 3 of the present invention includes a free-deformable rubber part 8, a connector 10, and a steel plate part 9. The free-deformable rubber part 8 is disposed at the tunnel expansion joint 3, and the steel plate part 9 is embedded in the lining structure on both sides of the tunnel expansion joint 3. The connector 10 connects the steel plate part 9 and the free-deformable rubber part 8 into one unit. A protective cover 12 is jointly covered on the outside of the connector 10 and the free-deformable rubber part 8, and a template limiting part 13 is provided to facilitate the installation and positioning of the upper and lower templates 5 of the lining structure. By setting the protective cover 12, the free-deformable rubber part 8 is separated from the concrete, which prevents the sealant from falling off due to vibration during construction. At the same time, the rubber can be freely stretched and deformed, reducing the risk of damage due to local stress after being wrapped by concrete, and improving the waterproofing ability of the waterstop.

[0028] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the free-deformable rubber part 8 is a waveform structure that can deform. Squeezing towards the center can make the waveform structure fit tightly, further reducing the thickness of the middle part of the waterstop and improving the flexibility and deformation capacity of the waterstop. A sealant is applied to the surface of the free-deformable rubber part 8 before and after extrusion. A sizing sealant is applied before extrusion, and a flexible sealant 11 is added after extrusion to fill the gaps, improving the sealing effect under deformation. The protective cover 12 fits tightly with the joint 10 and is basically in close contact with the extruded waveform rubber. After installation, it can withstand a certain load and prevent the sealant from falling off due to direct impact of concrete during pouring.

[0029] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the middle part of the steel plate 9 is bent upwards or downwards in sequence to form multiple raised corrugated angles 14, and a water-swellable rubber 15 is attached to the inner side of each corrugated angle 14. The corrugated design of the steel edge extends the seepage path, and the water-swellable rubber 15 strips are set at the corrugated positions to improve the waterproofing ability of the steel edge and reduce the risk of leakage. The water-swellable rubber 15 should be closely attached to the bending position according to the steel edge bend design to improve the casting quality.

[0030] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the steel edge waterstop is bent and needs to be set according to the actual situation. It is advisable to set two points on each side of the steel plate 9, one facing upward and one facing downward.

[0031] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the steel plate 9 is aligned with the centerline of the connector 10 in the corresponding direction, and the outwardly protruding end of the wave angle 14 is horizontally flush with the protective cover 12 at the vertical edge, with similar heights.

[0032] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1-4As shown, a buckle 16 is provided outward on the side of the connector 10 that fits against the protective cover 12, and a slot 17 is provided on the protective cover 12. The buckle 16 and the slot 17 form a matching positioning connection structure, which strengthens the tightness and fixation between the protective cover 12 and the connector 10, and is basically in close contact with the free-deformable rubber part 8 after extrusion. After installation, it can withstand a certain load and avoid the concrete directly impacting the sealant during pouring, causing the sealant to fall off.

[0033] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the size of the connector 10 at the end connected to the free-deformable rubber part 8 is larger than the size at the end connected to the steel plate part 9, forming a shape similar to a peach head. The larger end of the external size matches the vertical size of the free-deformable rubber part 8 after the waveform is extruded, and the smaller end matches the thickness of the connected steel plate part 9.

[0034] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the outer side of the connector 10 slopes downward from one end of the free-deformable rubber part 8 toward one end of the steel plate 9 to form a slope, which facilitates fitting. The slope is smoothly connected to the outer side of the steel plate 9 on the same side. The protective cover 12 completely covers the slope of the connector 10 on the corresponding side, so that the force is uniform when the concrete is squeezed.

[0035] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the preferred thickness of the steel plate 9 is 2mm, but it can also be determined according to the actual situation.

[0036] This invention also provides a construction method for a high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints, comprising the following steps: S1: Connect the steel plate 9, the connector 10 and the free-deformable rubber part 8 into one piece. First, apply sealant to the groove of the free-deformable rubber part 8, and then squeeze the free-deformable rubber part 8 towards the center. After squeezing, it can be shaped and maintain the pressure state itself, and ensure that the sealant can fill the gap after squeezing, so as to prevent concrete from flowing into the structure during pouring and affecting the structure's own degree of freedom.

[0037] S2: Apply flexible sealant 11 to the upper and lower surfaces of the extruded free-deformable rubber part 8 structure, ensuring the flexible sealant 11 is fully saturated, completely covering the surface of the corrugated structure and filling the space between the pair of connectors 10. The flexible sealant 11 can be made of waterproof sealant, water-swellable sealant, or other similar materials. The flexible sealant 11 will cure in the air and, after application, will firmly bond with the rubber of the free-deformable rubber part 8.

[0038] S3: Align and weld the template limiting member 13 to the outer side of the corresponding protective cover 12, and attach and connect the upper and lower protective covers 12 with the connector 10 to isolate and protect the free deformable rubber part 8 and the sealant located inside the pair of protective covers 12.

[0039] S4: Install the water-swellable rubber 15 inside the wave angle 14 of the steel plate 9. The water-swellable rubber 15 and the steel plate 9 are bonded with special adhesive. After bonding, it needs to stand for 24 hours to allow the adhesive to cure.

[0040] S5: Hoist the high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure installed in step S4 into the installation position of the tunnel expansion joint 3, and then fix the steel plate 9 of the pre-cast side lining structure 1 to the corresponding reinforcement 7. The connection can be made by steel wire binding, welding or other processes.

[0041] S6: Install the upper template 4 and lower template 5 on the upper and lower protective covers 12 using the template limiting member 13 to seal the gaps between the upper template 4, lower template 5 and the high degree of freedom waterstop structure.

[0042] S7: Pour concrete for the first side lining structure 1.

[0043] S8: Remove the upper template 4 and the lower template 5, and install the joint caulking plate 6.

[0044] S9: The steel plate 9 of the fixed post-cast side lining structure 2.

[0045] S10: Pour the concrete for the post-pouring side lining structure. At this time, the end of the formwork limiting member 13 near the post-pouring side lining structure 2 is also anchored in the concrete structure.

[0046] The high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure and its construction method for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints of the present invention can prevent the waterstop from being wrapped by concrete during the construction of tunnel lining structures, ensuring the freedom of the waterstop and improving its deformation capacity. At the same time, the steel plate adopts a corrugated design, which extends the seepage path of the waterstop, improves the stability of pre-embedded fixing, avoids peeling from the concrete, and further reduces the risk of leakage in expansion joints.

[0047] Although embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. They can be applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and illustrations shown and described herein.

Claims

1. A high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints, characterized in that, include: The free-deformable rubber section is installed at the tunnel expansion joint and is located between the upper and lower templates of the tunnel lining structure. The connecting component includes steel plates symmetrically arranged on the free-deformable rubber part facing the tunnel lining structure on both sides. A joint is provided between the steel plate on each side and the corresponding side of the free-deformable rubber part. A sealant is applied between the joints on both sides and on the surface of the free-deformable rubber part. The steel plates are embedded in the lining structure on the corresponding side. The limiting and protective assembly includes a protective cover and a template limiting component. The joints on both sides and the upper outer side of the free-deformable rubber part are covered and connected to a protective cover. The joints on both sides and the lower outer side of the free-deformable rubber part are covered and connected to a protective cover. The middle outer side of the protective cover on each side is connected to the template limiting component to cooperate with the upper or lower template on the corresponding side for limiting connection. The lining structure is poured in the area outside the upper template, lower template and protective cover.

2. The high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The free-deformable rubber part is a waveform structure that can produce deformation.

3. The high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The steel plate is bent upwards or downwards in sequence in the middle to form multiple raised wavy angles, and water-swellable rubber is attached to the inner side of each wavy angle.

4. The high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The wave angles of the steel plate on each side are set at two points, one facing upwards and the other downwards.

5. The high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The steel plate is aligned with the centerline of the connector in the corresponding direction, and the outwardly protruding end of the wave angle is horizontally flush with the edge of the protective cover at the vertical edge.

6. The high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A buckle is provided on the side of the connector that fits into the protective cover, and a slot is provided on the protective cover to fit in.

7. The high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dimension of the connector at the end connecting to the free-deformable rubber part is larger than the dimension at the end connecting to the steel plate part.

8. The high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The outer side of the connector is inclined downward from one end of the free-deformable rubber part toward one end of the steel plate to form a slope. The slope is smoothly connected to the outer side of the steel plate on the same side. The protective cover completely covers the slope of the connector on the corresponding side.

9. The high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the steel plate is set to 2mm.

10. The construction method of the high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure for waterproofing tunnel expansion joints as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Connect the steel plate, the connector and the free-deformable rubber part into one piece. First, apply sealant to the groove of the free-deformable rubber part, and then press the free-deformable rubber part towards the center to ensure that the sealant can fill the gap after pressing. S2: Apply flexible sealant to the upper and lower surfaces of the extruded free-deformable rubber structure, so that the flexible sealant is full and completely covers the surface of the wave structure, and fills the space between the pair of joints; S3: Align and weld the template limiting parts to the corresponding outer side of the protective cover, and fit and connect the upper and lower protective covers with the connector to isolate and protect the free-deformable rubber part and sealant located inside the pair of protective covers. S4: Install the water-swellable rubber inside the wave angle of the steel plate; S5: Hoist the high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure installed in step S4 into the installation position of the tunnel expansion joint, and then fix the steel plate of the pre-cast side lining structure to the corresponding reinforcement. S6: Install the upper template and lower template on the upper and lower protective covers using the template limiting components to seal the gaps between the upper template, lower template and the high-degree-of-freedom waterstop structure; S7: Pour the concrete for the side lining structure first; S8: Remove the upper and lower templates and install the joint caulking plate; S9: The steel plate component used to fix the post-cast side lining structure; S10: Concrete for the post-cast side lining structure.

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