Adjusting bolt stop and retreat structure and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of adjusting bolt stop and stop structure and stop and stop method, the adjusting bolt stop and stop structure includes adjusting bolt and stop cover;Adjusting bolt head is contained in carrier counterbore, end face is equipped with spin adjustment groove;The inner wall of counterbore is equipped with first stop part;Stop cover is equipped with second stop part and the stop block matched with spin adjustment groove, and is embedded in counterbore, is realized axial anti-disengagement locking by annular convex rib and annular recess engagement;Stop block is embedded in spin adjustment groove circumferential limit, and second stop part is engaged with first stop part and forms circumferential stop limit.The method includes accurate fine adjustment alignment, coaxial assembly alignment lock, non-destructive unlocking and re-tuning;When using one-way ratchet, first stop part and / or second stop part are one-way ratchet, and include one-way ratchet self-locking voltage stabilization.The application forms circumferential stop, reverse stop and stop, axial anti-disengagement triple mechanical hard limit, supports non-destructive repeated disassembly and re-tuning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bolt anti-loosening and locking technology, specifically to an adjustable bolt stop and anti-reverse structure and method. Background Technology

[0002] In automated conveying equipment, precision CNC machine tools, stepper servo transmission mechanisms, and reciprocating motion machinery, adjusting bolts are commonly used to perform functions such as component positioning, belt tensioning, gap calibration, and stroke adjustment. These devices operate under complex conditions of high-frequency reciprocating vibration, alternating impact, and fluctuating temperatures. The locking force achieved by traditional bolts through thread friction and end-face contact friction continuously diminishes, making them prone to problems such as bolt loosening, positioning misalignment, and tension failure. This can lead to equipment transmission step loss, operational jamming, accelerated component wear, and out-of-tolerance machining accuracy, severely impacting the equipment's operational stability and service life.

[0003] Currently, mainstream bolt anti-loosening solutions in the industry all have obvious technical defects and cannot meet the requirements for long-term stable operation of precision equipment. The specific defects are as follows:

[0004] 1. Pure friction locking structure: It relies solely on the friction of the threaded pair and the static friction of the mating surfaces of the parts for locking. There is no mechanical limiting structure, resulting in extremely poor vibration resistance. Under long-term vibration conditions, the locking force will quickly fail, and the bolts will easily loosen and shift.

[0005] 2. Auxiliary friction anti-loosening structure: It adopts a combination structure of spring washers and double nuts, but its structure is bulky and occupies a lot of space. The spring washers are prone to elastic fatigue and plastic deformation under long-term impact, and the anti-loosening performance continues to decline, making it unsuitable for compact precision equipment.

[0006] In summary, existing technologies have shortcomings such as a single locking level, weak vibration resistance, and insufficient ease of readjustment, which cannot meet the long-term operational needs of high-precision and high-stability mechanical equipment.

[0007] In view of the above, the inventors propose the following technical solution. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a locking and anti-retraction structure and method for adjusting bolts. It solves the technical problems of existing adjusting bolts relying solely on friction for loosening prevention, being prone to loosening and displacement under vibration and impact conditions, having poor locking reliability, and being difficult to simultaneously achieve locking and non-destructive readjustment.

[0009] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: On the one hand, the present invention provides an adjusting bolt stop and anti-reverse structure, including an adjusting bolt and a stop cap; the adjusting bolt is threadedly installed on a carrier, the head of the adjusting bolt is received in a countersunk hole of the carrier, and the end face of the head of the adjusting bolt is provided with a rotation groove for a tool to drive the adjusting bolt to rotate; a first stop part is provided on the inner wall of the countersunk hole; the stop cap is provided with a second stop part and a stop block adapted to the rotation groove; the stop cap is embedded in the countersunk hole and axially locked by an axial anti-disengagement limiting structure; the stop block is embedded in the rotation groove to form a circumferential limit on the adjusting bolt; the second stop part and the first stop part cooperate and mesh with each other to jointly form a stop and limit structure that restricts the circumferential rotation of the adjusting bolt.

[0010] Furthermore, the first stop is an internal gear ring disposed on the inner wall of the countersunk hole, and the second stop is an external gear ring disposed on the outer periphery of the end of the stop cap. The teeth of the internal gear ring and the external gear ring are fitted together in a one-to-one correspondence to form a stop and limiting structure. The internal gear ring is an internal gear ring integrally formed on the inner wall of the countersunk hole, or an internal gear ring embedded and fixed on the inner wall of the countersunk hole. The external gear ring is an external gear ring integrally formed on the outer periphery of the end of the stop cap. The internal gear ring and the external gear ring have symmetrical tooth shapes, or a unidirectional ratchet structure. The unidirectional ratchet has an asymmetrical inclined force-bearing tooth shape, which only allows the adjusting bolt to make a small amount of forward fine adjustment and locks the adjusting bolt to rotate back and loosen.

[0011] Furthermore, the forward tooth surface of the unidirectional ratchet is a gentle slope, and the reverse tooth surface is a vertical surface; the outer surface of the stop cap is provided with a tool groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the stop cover has a receiving groove on the side facing the adjusting bolt to accommodate the head of the adjusting bolt, and the stop block is integrally formed inside the receiving groove; the receiving groove is clearance-fitted with the outer diameter of the head of the adjusting bolt; the rotary groove is any one of a polygonal groove, a slotted groove, or a cross groove, and the shape of the stop block matches the contour of the rotary groove.

[0013] Furthermore, an annular groove is formed on the inner wall of the countersunk hole; an annular rib is formed on the outer wall of the stop cover; the annular rib is inserted into the annular groove to form the axial anti-disengagement limiting structure.

[0014] Furthermore, a first notch is provided at the opening of the countersunk hole, the stop cap is completely submerged in the countersunk hole, and the outer edge of the end of the stop cap is exposed in the first notch; or, the end of the stop cap protrudes outside the opening of the countersunk hole, and a second notch is provided around the end of the stop cap and is exposed outside the surface of the carrier.

[0015] Furthermore, the carrier is a device housing, and a linearly movable transmission adjustment component is configured inside the housing; the tail of the adjustment bolt abuts against or is threaded to the transmission adjustment component, and turning the adjustment bolt can drive the transmission adjustment component to move linearly, thereby completing the adjustment of gap, tension or installation position.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for stopping and preventing the adjusting bolt from moving or retracting, which employs the aforementioned structure for stopping and preventing the adjusting bolt from moving or retracting, and includes the following steps:

[0017] S1. Precise fine-tuning and alignment: Insert the tool into the adjustment slot of the adjusting bolt, rotate the adjusting bolt to drive the internal transmission adjustment component of the carrier to make linear motion, adjust the assembly gap, tension or positioning parameters to the process setting value, and keep the position of the adjusting bolt fixed.

[0018] S2. Coaxial assembly alignment and locking: Press the stop cover into the countersunk hole along the axial direction, rotate the stop cover so that the second stop part and the first stop part complete the tooth meshing, and at the same time the stop block is embedded in the rotary groove. The stop cover completes axial locking by relying on the axial anti-disengagement limit structure, realizing the circumferential stop of the adjusting bolt.

[0019] S3. Non-destructive unlocking and readjustment: When maintenance or recalibration is required, use the tooling to remove the stop cover, release all limits and restore the adjusting bolt to a rotatable state; repeat steps S1 to S2 to complete the readjustment and locking.

[0020] Furthermore, when the first stop and the second stop adopt a one-way ratchet structure, the forward-turning adjustment bolt in step S1, and the step after step S2 and before step S3, also includes:

[0021] One-way ratchet self-locking voltage regulator: Relying on the asymmetrical tooth shape of the one-way ratchet, it retains a small amount of positive slippage compensation margin for the adjusting bolt, compensates for equipment deformation and wear clearance, and completely prevents the adjusting bolt from rotating back and loosening.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0023] 1. This invention abandons the traditional single friction anti-loosening mode and provides all-round protection from three core failure dimensions: circumferential rotation, reverse loosening, and axial dislodgement. It completely solves the problems of bolt loosening and parameter failure under vibration and impact conditions, and significantly improves the stability of equipment operation.

[0024] 2. The inner and outer gear rings in this invention can adopt an innovative design of unidirectional ratchet asymmetric tooth profile, constructing a triple mechanical hard limit locking system of "circumferential inner and outer gear ring stop + unidirectional ratchet anti-retraction + axial anti-loosening". This system retains a small amount of positive adjustment margin for the bolt, which can automatically compensate for equipment deformation and clearance wear, and adapt to the dynamic operation requirements of precision equipment; at the same time, it completely locks the reverse loosening action, taking into account both flexible compensation and rigid anti-loosening characteristics.

[0025] 3. The adjusting bolt anti-locking structure of this invention has no extra washers or locking accessories, and occupies very little installation space; the bolt adjustment groove and the cover disassembly and assembly structure are compatible with multiple specifications and have high tooling compatibility; the material can be flexibly selected and can cover all scenarios such as heavy-duty machine tools, lightweight automated equipment, and ordinary conveying equipment, and its adaptability far exceeds that of traditional special anti-loosening structures.

[0026] 4. This invention does not require disposable consumables such as anti-loosening adhesive, and there is no structural damage during disassembly and calibration. After thousands of cycles of use, the anti-loosening performance does not significantly decrease. The assembly and debugging process is standardized, the operation is simple and efficient, and the frequency of equipment downtime maintenance and operation and maintenance costs are greatly reduced. The mass production process is easy and the manufacturing cost is controllable. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall assembly of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of the gear ring meshing according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the stop seal cap according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the assembly of an inlaid internal gear ring according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 This is an exploded view of an inlaid internal gear ring used in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional view of the overall assembly of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the end face of the gear ring meshing in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the stop seal cap according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Adjusting bolt; 11. Head; 12. Adjustment groove; 2. Stop cover; 20. Tool groove; 21. Second stop part; 22. Stop block; 23. Receiving groove; 24. Annular rib; 25. Second notch; 3. Carrier; 31. Countersunk hole; 32. First stop part; 33. Annular groove; 34. First notch. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0040] In this invention, to clearly define the directional relationship, the following definition applies: the direction in which the adjusting bolt is screwed into the carrier and drives the transmission adjusting assembly to produce a predetermined adjusting displacement is defined as the positive direction, and the direction in which the adjusting bolt is loosened in the opposite direction is defined as the negative direction. The terms "positive" and "negative" are only used to describe the rotation direction of the adjusting bolt and the locking direction of the one-way ratchet, and are not used to limit the specific thread direction.

[0041] Example 1: (One-way ratchet structure)

[0042] See Figure 1-7 As shown, an adjusting bolt stop and anti-reverse structure is provided, which includes an adjusting bolt 1 and a stop cover 2.

[0043] The adjusting bolt 1 is threaded onto the carrier 3 (such as the equipment box, housing, or base), and the head 11 of the adjusting bolt 1 is received in the countersunk hole 31 of the carrier 3. The end face of the head 11 of the adjusting bolt 1 is provided with a rotary groove 12 for inserting a tool to drive the adjusting bolt 1 to rotate; the above is the installation structure of a conventional bolt.

[0044] The carrier 3 is an equipment housing, which contains a linearly movable transmission adjustment component. The tail of the adjustment bolt abuts against or is threaded to the transmission adjustment component. By turning the adjustment bolt, the transmission adjustment component is driven to produce linear displacement, thereby achieving precise adjustment of the equipment gap, tension, and installation position.

[0045] Combination Figure 3-4As shown, the countersunk hole 31 is provided with a first stop part 32; correspondingly, the stop cover 2 is provided with a second stop part 21 and a stop block 22 adapted to the adjustment groove 12; the stop cover 2 is embedded and fixed in the countersunk hole 31 and locked by an axial anti-disengagement limiting structure, and the stop block 22 is embedded in the adjustment groove 12 to limit the circumferential movement of the adjusting bolt 1, and the second stop part 21 and the first stop part 32 are installed together to form a stop limiting structure that restricts the circumferential rotation of the adjusting bolt 1. In this way, the head 11 of the adjusting bolt 1 is restricted by the stop cover 2 to prevent the adjusting bolt 1 from rotating circumferentially, so as to avoid the adjusting bolt 1 from being screwed out of the carrier 3 through the thread, thereby achieving the purpose of stopping and preventing the adjusting bolt 1 from moving. Its locking force is stable and its anti-loosening performance is reliable and stable, so as to ensure that the adjusting bolt will not loosen or move under adverse working conditions such as vibration. When equipment maintenance, parts replacement, or parameter calibration is required, the stop cover can be removed by clamping it with tooling. Once the stop cover is removed, all locking limits can be released at once, and the adjusting bolts can be restored to a free adjustment state. The entire process will not cause irreversible damage to the structure and can ensure that the anti-loosening performance is not diminished.

[0046] It is worth mentioning that this invention is non-destructive and can be repeatedly readjusted, resulting in extremely low maintenance costs. That is, this invention does not require disposable consumables such as anti-loosening adhesive, and there is no structural damage during disassembly and calibration. After thousands of cycles of use, the anti-loosening performance does not show significant attenuation. The assembly and debugging process is standardized, and the operation is simple and efficient, which greatly reduces the frequency of equipment downtime for maintenance and maintenance costs. Mass production is easy and the manufacturing cost is controllable.

[0047] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 2-4 As shown, the first stop part 32 is an internal gear ring integrally formed on the inner wall of the countersunk hole 31, and the second stop part 21 is an external gear ring integrally formed on the outer periphery of the end of the stop cover 2. The teeth of the internal gear ring and the external gear ring mesh one-to-one to form a stop and limit structure. It is suitable for lightweight automated equipment, food conveying equipment, and low-temperature corrosion protection conditions. The countersunk hole in the equipment box, which serves as the carrier, is injection molded from high-strength engineering plastic, and the internal gear ring is injection molded from high-strength engineering plastic. The stop cover is made of wear-resistant POM polymer composite material, which has the advantages of noise reduction, corrosion resistance, and lightweight.

[0048] As an alternative solution, combined Figure 6-7As shown, the first stop 32 is an internal gear ring embedded and fixed in the inner wall of the countersunk hole 31, and the second stop 21 is an external gear ring integrally formed on the outer periphery of the end of the stop cover 2. The teeth of the internal gear ring and the external gear ring mesh one-to-one to form a stop and limit structure, which is suitable for high-temperature, heavy-load, and high-vibration precision machine tools and heavy-duty automated equipment. The internal gear ring made of metal is embedded in the countersunk hole of the equipment housing, which serves as the carrier 1. The stop cover is made of aluminum alloy and machined. Both the internal and external gear rings are machined with a high-precision unidirectional ratchet structure, and the tooth surface is hardened by quenching, resulting in excellent wear resistance and rigidity. Assembly and debugging process: After the equipment is assembled, insert the output head of the torque wrench into the adjustment groove 12 to fine-tune the adjusting bolt and calibrate the tension parameters of the transmission component to the process standard value; fix the adjusting bolt in place, press the stop cover axially, and fine-tune the angle to make the inner and outer gear rings fully aligned and meshed. At the same time, the stop block 22 of the stop cover 2 is embedded in the adjustment groove 12 of the adjusting bolt. The stop cover 2 is locked in the countersunk hole by the axial anti-disengagement limiting structure, completing triple locking. Under long-term reciprocating vibration conditions, the unidirectional ratchet of the inner and outer gear rings can compensate for small deformations, prevent reverse loosening, and maintain the processing accuracy of the equipment for a long time; during maintenance, the stop cover can be unscrewed to unlock it and readjust without damage.

[0049] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 2-3 and Figure 5 As shown, both the inner and outer gear rings have unidirectional ratchet structures. These unidirectional ratchet teeth employ an asymmetrical, inclined force-bearing tooth profile, allowing only forward fine-tuning of the adjusting bolt 1 while completely preventing its reverse rotation and loosening. In other words, the unidirectional ratchet of the inner and outer gear rings can compensate for minor deformations in the forward direction, preventing reverse loosening, and providing excellent anti-loosening performance. This invention abandons the traditional single friction anti-loosening mode, constructing a triple mechanical hard-limit locking system of "circumferential inner and outer gear ring stop + unidirectional ratchet anti-loosening + axial anti-disengagement." It provides comprehensive protection from three core failure dimensions: circumferential rotation, reverse loosening, and axial disengagement, thoroughly solving the problems of adjusting bolt loosening and parameter failure under vibration and impact conditions, significantly improving equipment operational stability.

[0050] Combination Figure 3 As shown, the forward tooth surface of the unidirectional ratchet is a gentle slope, and the reverse tooth surface is a vertical plane. The forward direction can achieve micro-slip compensation, and the reverse direction can achieve rigid locking, realizing the unidirectional self-locking and anti-retraction function. That is, when the adjusting bolt 1 is about to rotate to drive the stop cover 2 to rotate, it is locked by the characteristics of the unidirectional ratchet and cannot rotate. The present invention, through the innovative design of the asymmetrical tooth shape of the unidirectional ratchet, retains the micro-adjustment margin of the adjusting bolt in the forward direction, which can automatically compensate for the deformation and gap wear of the equipment during operation and adapt to the dynamic operation requirements of precision equipment; at the same time, it completely locks the reverse loosening action, taking into account both flexible compensation and rigid anti-loosening.

[0051] Optional, combined Figure 1As shown, the outer surface of the stop cover 2 is also provided with a tool groove 20. In actual use, a tool can be inserted into the tool groove 20 to drive the stop cover 2 to rotate. Of course, the tool groove 20 may not be provided.

[0052] Combination Figure 4-5 As shown, the stop cover 2 has a receiving groove 23 for accommodating the head 11 of the adjusting bolt 1 in the direction facing the adjusting bolt 1. In this embodiment, the receiving groove 23 is circular, and the head of the adjusting bolt 1 is also circular. The stop block 22 is integrally formed in the receiving groove 23. The stop cover 2 covers the outer periphery of the head 11 of the adjusting bolt 1 through the receiving groove 23, and the inner diameter of the receiving groove 23 is in clearance fit with the outer diameter of the head of the adjusting bolt, that is, a gap is formed between them, so that the stop cover 2 can more smoothly cover the outer periphery of the head 11 of the adjusting bolt 1 through the receiving groove 23, improving the smoothness of assembly. The rotary groove 12 is any one or more combinations of concave polygonal rotary groove, concave flat rotary groove, and concave cross rotary groove, which is suitable for general tooling such as torque wrench and flat / cross screwdriver, and can be designed according to actual conditions. The shape of the stop block 22 corresponds to and matches the shape of the rotary groove 12. In this embodiment, the adjusting groove 12 is a concave hexagonal adjusting groove, and correspondingly, the stop block 22 is also hexagonal prism in shape, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0053] The material of the stop cover and / or carrier can be flexibly selected from metal alloys or wear-resistant polymer materials to adapt to different working conditions such as heavy load and high temperature, and lightweight and low temperature.

[0054] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the inner wall of the countersunk hole 31 is provided with an annular groove 33, and the outer wall of the stop cover 2 is integrally formed with an annular rib 24 that matches the annular groove 33. The annular rib 24 engages inside the annular groove 33, forming an axial anti-disengagement limiting structure for the stop cover 2, which can effectively limit the axial movement and disengagement of the stop cover 2, and is not affected by equipment vibration or impact load, ensuring the assembly stability of the overall locking structure. The longitudinal section of the annular rib 24 is arc-shaped, allowing it to smoothly pass through the inner wall of the countersunk hole 31 and fall into the annular groove 33 to form an axial engagement and positioning, thus preventing disengagement. When the stop cover 2 needs to be removed from the countersunk hole 31, the annular rib 24 can also smoothly disengage from the countersunk hole 31 when the stop cover 2 is held in place by a tool and pulled outwards, making disassembly more convenient.

[0055] Optionally, the stop cover 2 and the inner wall of the countersunk hole 31 are provided with at least a sealing ring, and the sealing is achieved by the sealing ring.

[0056] Combining 1-2 and Figure 5As shown, the countersunk hole 31 has a first notch 34 at its opening. The stop cap 2 is completely submerged in the countersunk hole 31, and the outer edge of the end of the stop cap 2 is exposed in the first notch 34, forming a cap removal and installation structure. When it is necessary to remove the stop cap 2 from the countersunk hole 31, the head of the tool passes through the first notch 34 and clamps the outer edge 20 of the end of the stop cap 2, so as to stably clamp the stop cap 2 and pull it outward to remove the stop cap 2; or, combined with Figure 6 As shown, the end of the stop cover 2 protrudes beyond the opening of the countersunk hole 31, and the second notch 25 provided on the periphery of the end of the stop cover 2 is exposed outside the surface of the carrier 3, forming a cover removal and assembly structure. When it is necessary to remove the stop cover 2 relative to the countersunk hole 31, the head of the tool passes through the second notch 25 of the stop cover 2 and clamps the stop cover 2, so as to stably clamp the stop cover 2 and pull it outward to remove the stop cover 2. The overall structure of this invention is integrally formed, without extra washers or locking accessories, occupying very little installation space; the adjusting bolt's rotation groove and the cover removal and assembly structure are compatible with multiple specifications, with high tooling compatibility; the material can be flexibly selected, covering all scenarios such as heavy-duty machine tools, lightweight automated equipment, and ordinary conveying equipment, with adaptability far exceeding that of traditional special anti-loosening structures.

[0057] The adjusting bolt locking and anti-retraction structure of the present invention has the advantages of simple and compact structure, convenient assembly, non-destructive repeated use, and excellent anti-vibration and anti-loosening performance. It is suitable for bolt locking scenarios of most mechanical equipment and has extremely high engineering promotion value and industrialization prospects.

[0058] This invention also proposes a method for stopping and preventing the adjusting bolt from moving or retracting, which adopts the above-mentioned structure for stopping and preventing the adjusting bolt from moving or retracting, and includes the following steps:

[0059] S1. Precise fine-tuning and alignment: Select a tool and insert it into the adjustment slot 12 of the adjustment bolt 1, then turn the adjustment bolt 1 in the forward direction to drive the transmission adjustment component inside the equipment box 3, which serves as the carrier, to produce a linear displacement, thereby calibrating the assembly gap, tension, and positioning parameters to the process setting reference value. After calibration, keep the position of the adjustment bolt 1 fixed.

[0060] S2. Coaxial Assembly and Alignment Locking: The stop cover 2 is pressed coaxially into the countersunk hole 31 of the equipment housing along the axial direction. The stop cover 2 is rotated to complete the alignment and meshing of the outer gear ring and the inner gear ring (that is, to complete the alignment and meshing of the teeth of the second stop part 21 and the first stop part 32). At the same time, the stop block 22 is embedded in the rotary groove 12. The stop cover 2 is axially locked by the axial anti-disengagement limiting structure, realizing the circumferential stop of the adjusting bolt 1. Among them, the annular rib on the outer wall of the stop cover is inserted into the annular groove on the inner wall of the countersunk hole to complete the axial positioning and locking of the stop cover to prevent disengagement.

[0061] S3. Non-destructive unlocking and readjustment: When the equipment is under maintenance, parts are replaced, or recalibration is required, the stop cover 2 is clamped by the tooling and removed relative to the countersunk hole. All limits are released so that the adjusting bolt 1 can be rotated again (i.e., the adjusting bolt 1 is restored to a free adjustment state). Repeat steps S1 to S2 to complete the readjustment and locking. The disassembly and reassembly can be repeated multiple times.

[0062] When the teeth of the outer gear ring and the inner gear ring (i.e., the first stop part 32 and the second stop part 21) adopt a one-way ratchet structure, the adjusting bolt 1 is turned in the forward direction in step S1, and the process includes the following steps after step S2 and before step S3:

[0063] One-way ratchet self-locking voltage regulator: Relying on the asymmetrical tooth shape of the one-way ratchet, it retains a small amount of positive slippage compensation margin for adjusting bolt 1, compensating for equipment deformation and wear clearance, and completely preventing adjusting bolt 1 from rotating back and loosening. Combined with circumferential gear ring stop and axial rib groove anti-dislodgement, it forms a triple mechanical hard limit lock, effectively locking the equipment adjustment parameters and resisting high-frequency vibration and impact loads of the equipment;

[0064] This invention not only innovates the triple progressive locking system in terms of hardware structure, but also provides a dedicated closed-loop control process, which deeply binds the structural limit with the working condition debugging, breaking through the limitations of traditional anti-loosening structures that only have hardware and no standardized adaptation process, and has dual creativity.

[0065] Example 2: (Symmetrical toothed ring)

[0066] The difference between this second embodiment and the first embodiment is that, as shown in Figures 8-11, the teeth of both the inner and outer gear rings are symmetrical; when the teeth of the inner and outer gear rings mesh with each other, no displacement occurs between them, achieving locking in both directions, and also achieving the function of stopping movement and preventing retraction, but without the unidirectional ratchet and unidirectional micro-compensation function.

[0067] Structurally, the other structures of this embodiment two are basically the same as the other structures of the above embodiment one, and will not be described in detail here.

[0068] A method for stopping and preventing the adjusting bolt from moving or backing up, which adopts the above-mentioned structure for stopping and preventing the adjusting bolt from moving or backing up, includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. Precise fine-tuning and alignment: Select a tool and insert it into the adjustment slot 12 of the adjustment bolt 1, then turn the adjustment bolt 1 in the forward direction to drive the transmission adjustment component inside the equipment box 3, which serves as the carrier, to produce a linear displacement, thereby calibrating the assembly gap, tension, and positioning parameters to the process setting reference value. After calibration, keep the position of the adjustment bolt 1 fixed.

[0070] S2. Coaxial Assembly and Alignment Locking: The stop cover 2 is pressed coaxially into the countersunk hole 31 of the equipment housing along the axial direction. The stop cover 2 is rotated to complete the alignment and meshing of the outer gear ring and the inner gear ring (that is, to complete the alignment and meshing of the teeth of the second stop part 21 and the first stop part 32). At the same time, the stop block 22 is embedded in the rotary groove 12. The stop cover 2 is axially locked by the axial anti-disengagement limiting structure, realizing the circumferential stop of the adjusting bolt 1. Among them, the annular rib on the outer wall of the stop cover is inserted into the annular groove on the inner wall of the countersunk hole to complete the axial positioning and locking of the stop cover to prevent disengagement.

[0071] S3. Non-destructive unlocking and readjustment: When the equipment is under maintenance, parts are replaced, or recalibration is required, the stop cover 2 is clamped by the tooling and removed relative to the countersunk hole. All limits are released so that the adjusting bolt 1 can be rotated again (i.e., the adjusting bolt 1 is restored to a free adjustment state). Repeat steps S1 to S2 to complete the readjustment and locking. The disassembly and reassembly can be repeated multiple times.

[0072] Of course, the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made to the structure, features and principles described in the claims of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A locking and anti-reverse structure for an adjusting bolt, characterized in that, The device includes an adjusting bolt (1) and a stop cover (2). The adjusting bolt (1) is threaded onto a carrier (3). The head (11) of the adjusting bolt (1) is housed in a countersunk hole (31) of the carrier (3). The end face of the head (11) of the adjusting bolt (1) is provided with a rotary groove (12) for a tool to drive the adjusting bolt (1) to rotate. A first stop part (32) is provided on the inner wall of the countersunk hole (31). The stop cover (2) is provided with a second stop part (21) and a stop block (22) that is adapted to the rotary groove (12). The stop cover (2) is embedded in the countersunk hole (31) and is axially locked by an axial anti-disengagement limiting structure. The stop block (22) is embedded in the rotary groove (12) to form a circumferential limit on the adjusting bolt (1). The second stop part (21) and the first stop part (32) mesh with each other to form a stop limiting structure that restricts the circumferential rotation of the adjusting bolt (1).

2. The adjusting bolt stop and anti-reverse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first stop (32) is an internal gear ring disposed on the inner wall of the countersunk hole (31), and the second stop (21) is an external gear ring disposed on the outer periphery of the end of the stop cover (2). The teeth of the internal gear ring and the external gear ring mesh one-to-one to form a stop limiting structure. The internal gear ring is an internal gear ring integrally formed on the inner wall of the countersunk hole (31), or an internal gear ring embedded and fixed on the inner wall of the countersunk hole (31). The external gear ring is an external gear ring integrally formed on the outer periphery of the end of the stop cover (2).

3. The adjusting bolt stop and anti-reverse structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner and outer gear rings are symmetrical tooth shapes or unidirectional ratchet structures; the unidirectional ratchet is an asymmetrical inclined force-bearing tooth shape, which only allows the adjusting bolt (1) to make a small forward adjustment and locks the adjusting bolt (1) to rotate back and loosen.

4. The adjusting bolt stop and anti-reverse structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The forward tooth surface of the unidirectional ratchet is a gentle slope, and the reverse tooth surface is a vertical surface; the outer surface of the stop cap (2) is provided with a tool groove (20).

5. The adjusting bolt stop and anti-reverse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stop cover (2) has a receiving groove (23) on the side facing the adjusting bolt (1) to accommodate the head (11) of the adjusting bolt. The stop block (22) is integrally formed inside the receiving groove (23). The receiving groove (23) is clearance-fitted with the outer diameter of the head (11) of the adjusting bolt. The rotary groove (12) is any one of a polygonal groove, a slotted groove or a cross groove. The shape of the stop block (22) matches the contour of the rotary groove (12).

6. The adjusting bolt stop and anti-reverse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the countersunk hole (31) is provided with an annular groove (33); the outer wall of the stop cover (2) is provided with an annular rib (24); the annular rib (24) is inserted into the annular groove (33) to form the axial anti-disengagement limiting structure.

7. The adjusting bolt stop and anti-reverse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first notch (34) is provided at the opening of the countersunk hole (31), the stop cap (2) is completely submerged in the countersunk hole (31), and the outer edge of the end of the stop cap (2) is exposed in the first notch (34); or, the end of the stop cap (2) protrudes out of the opening of the countersunk hole (31), and the second notch (25) provided on the periphery of the end of the stop cap (2) is exposed outside the surface of the carrier (3).

8. The adjusting bolt stop and anti-reverse structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier (3) is the equipment box, and the box is equipped with a linearly movable transmission adjustment component; the tail of the adjustment bolt (1) abuts against or is threaded to the transmission adjustment component, and turning the adjustment bolt (1) can drive the transmission adjustment component to move linearly, thereby completing the adjustment of gap, tension or installation position.

9. A method for stopping and preventing the adjustment bolt from moving or retracting, characterized in that, The adjusting bolt stop and anti-reverse structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 includes the following steps: S1. Precise fine-tuning and alignment: Insert the tool into the rotary groove (12) of the adjusting bolt (1), rotate the adjusting bolt (1) to drive the internal transmission adjustment component of the carrier (3) to make linear motion, adjust the assembly gap, tension or positioning parameters to the process setting value, and keep the position of the adjusting bolt (1) fixed. S2, Coaxial assembly alignment and locking: Press the stop cover (2) into the countersunk hole (31) along the axial direction, rotate the stop cover (2) so that the second stop part (21) and the first stop part (32) complete the tooth meshing, and at the same time the stop block (22) is embedded in the rotary groove (12). The stop cover (2) completes the axial locking by relying on the axial anti-disengagement limit structure, so as to realize the circumferential stop of the adjusting bolt (1); S3. Non-destructive unlocking and recalibration: When maintenance or recalibration is required, the tooling clamps and removes the stop cover (2), releases all limits and restores the adjusting bolt (1) to a rotatable state; repeat steps S1 to S2 to complete the readjustment and locking.

10. A method for stopping and preventing the adjustment bolt from moving or retracting according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the first stop (32) and the second stop (21) adopt a one-way ratchet structure, the adjusting bolt (1) is turned in the forward direction in step S1, and after step S2 and before step S3, the following is also included: One-way ratchet self-locking voltage regulator: Relying on the asymmetrical tooth shape of the one-way ratchet, the adjustment bolt (1) retains a small amount of positive sliding compensation margin to compensate for equipment deformation and wear gap, and completely prevents the adjustment bolt (1) from rotating back and loosening.

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