Electrical engineering insulating rod pressure resistance experiment supporting device

Abstract

The application is suitable for the technical field of electrical engineering insulation, and provides a pressure resistance experiment supporting device for electrical engineering insulation rod, which comprises a mechanical bearing and a servo displacement module, contains an experiment base, a bidirectional servo driving mechanism symmetrically arranged on the experiment base, and an insulation supporting sliding table driven to displace by the bidirectional servo driving mechanism, and is used for clamping the insulation rod to be tested and dynamically adjusting the physical supporting span of the high-voltage test electrodes at two ends; and an environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module arranged at a preset measuring point of the experiment base and used for collecting temperature, air pressure and humidity signals in the micro environment of the pressure resistance experiment in real time. The application collects the temperature, air pressure and humidity in real time through the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, intelligently analyzes and controls the online correction calculation of the air breakdown critical field strength in the current micro environment by the intelligent analysis and linkage control module, and adaptively calculates the target supporting span according to the air breakdown critical field strength, so as to drive the mechanical bearing and the servo displacement module to dynamically adjust the distance between the high-voltage test electrodes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrical engineering insulation technology, and particularly relates to a support device for electrical engineering insulation rod withstand voltage test. Background Technology

[0002] Insulating rods are critical safety tools for live-line work and high-voltage tests in power systems, and their insulation performance directly affects the personal safety of operators. According to power industry standards, insulating rods must undergo a power frequency withstand voltage test before use to verify their insulation withstand capability at the nominal voltage level. Currently, the withstand voltage test for insulating rods generally adopts a fixed span support method, that is, the two ends of the insulating rod are clamped between electrodes at a predetermined distance on a test bench, a high-voltage test is applied, and the pass / fail status is determined by observing whether breakdown occurs or measuring leakage current. However, the above-mentioned traditional testing method has the following significant shortcomings:

[0003] First, the setting of the support span relies entirely on the operator's experience or fixed procedures, without considering the dynamic influence of temperature, air pressure, and humidity in the experimental environment on the air breakdown field strength. Under different temperature and humidity conditions, the insulation strength of air varies significantly. The fixed span cannot be adaptively adjusted according to the actual working conditions, which can easily cause premature flashover, affecting the accuracy of the experimental results and the reliability of the experimental process.

[0004] Secondly, existing experimental equipment lacks a quantitative assessment of the heat accumulation effect of insulating rods during withstand voltage testing. Leakage current and dielectric loss generate heat inside the insulating rod. As the experiment continues, the temperature of the rod may rise, potentially leading to material degradation. However, existing judgment criteria rely solely on a single leakage current threshold, which cannot comprehensively reflect the risk of insulation instability under electro-thermal coupling.

[0005] Third, the microenvironment parameters, leakage current and dielectric loss data are acquired through separate channels, lacking multi-parameter fusion analysis oriented towards the physical mechanism of insulation instability, making it difficult to capture the performance evolution trend of the insulating rod during the experiment in a timely manner.

[0006] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a support device for the withstand voltage test of an electrical engineering insulating rod, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems.

[0008] This invention is implemented as follows: a support device for withstand voltage testing of an electrical engineering insulating rod, comprising:

[0009] The mechanical bearing and servo displacement module includes an experimental base, a bidirectional servo drive mechanism symmetrically arranged on the experimental base, and an insulating support slide that is displaced by the bidirectional servo drive mechanism, used to clamp the insulating rod to be tested and dynamically adjust the physical support span of the high voltage test electrodes at both ends.

[0010] The environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module is set at the preset measuring point of the experimental base to collect temperature, air pressure and humidity signals in the microenvironment of the pressure resistance test in real time.

[0011] The dynamic microcurrent and dielectric loss detection module is electrically connected to the high-voltage test electrode and is used to collect the effective value of the leakage current and active power loss flowing through the insulating rod under test after the high-voltage test voltage is applied in real time.

[0012] The intelligent analysis and linkage control module is communicatively connected to the mechanical load and servo displacement module, the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, and the dynamic micro-current and dielectric loss detection module, respectively.

[0013] In a further technical solution, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module is configured as follows:

[0014] The critical air breakdown field strength in the current microenvironment is obtained through online correction and calculation based on data collected by the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module.

[0015] The span of the target support for preventing flashover is adaptively calculated based on the withstand voltage test voltage and the critical field strength of air breakdown, and the mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement module is controlled to drive the insulating support slide to adjust to the target support span for positioning.

[0016] During the pressurization process of the withstand voltage test, the target support span, air breakdown critical field strength, leakage current RMS value, active power loss and energization duration are integrated to calculate the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index in real time. When the insulation instability assessment index reaches the preset threshold, a high voltage cut-off signal is output and the mechanical load and servo displacement module is controlled to drive the insulation support slide to quickly retreat in the reverse direction.

[0017] A further technical solution is that the intelligent analysis and linkage control module calculates the critical air breakdown field strength in the current microenvironment by multiplying the air reference breakdown field strength in the standard reference environment by the air pressure correction term, temperature correction term, and humidity correction term in sequence.

[0018] The pressure correction term is the ratio of the measured ambient atmospheric pressure to the standard reference atmospheric pressure; the temperature correction term is the ratio of the standard reference absolute temperature to the measured ambient absolute temperature; and the humidity correction term is the ratio of 1 minus the humidity devaluation characteristic coefficient multiplied by the measured relative humidity percentage divided by 100.

[0019] Multiplying the above three correction factors together by the reference breakdown field strength yields the critical air breakdown field strength in the current microenvironment.

[0020] A further technical solution is that the specific method for calculating the spatial flashover protection target support span in the intelligent analysis and linkage control module is as follows:

[0021] The foundation span is obtained by dividing the effective value of the withstand voltage applied to both ends of the insulating rod under test by the critical air breakdown field strength in the current micro-environment. The foundation span is then multiplied by the spatial flashover protection safety margin coefficient, and the resulting product is used as the target support span setting value of the bidirectional servo drive mechanism.

[0022] A further technical solution is that the specific method for calculating the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index in the intelligent analysis and linkage control module is as follows:

[0023] First, calculate the electric field strength ratio: divide the effective value of the withstand voltage test by the product of the target support span setting value and the critical field strength for air breakdown;

[0024] Next, calculate the dielectric loss ratio: divide the active power of the dielectric loss by the product of the effective value of the total leakage current and the effective value of the withstand voltage test voltage;

[0025] Next, calculate the heat accumulation index: first calculate the active power of the dielectric loss multiplied by the duration of energization, then divide by the product of the unit length limit heat dissipation power, the target support span setting value, and the standard benchmark test duration reference constant, and take the exponential function value with the natural constant e as the base of the quotient.

[0026] Multiply the electric field strength ratio by the dielectric loss ratio and then by the thermal accumulation index term. The resulting product is used as the evaluation index for the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability of the insulating rod under test during the withstand voltage test.

[0027] A further technical solution is that the preset critical early warning threshold for insulation instability in the intelligent analysis and linkage control module is 1.0; when the condition is met... At that time, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module sends a cut-off control signal within 10 ms to disconnect the high-voltage experimental power supply circuit, and controls the bidirectional servo drive mechanism to drive the insulating support slide to move in the opposite direction at a rate greater than the preset retraction speed.

[0028] In a further technical solution, the mechanical bearing and servo displacement module also includes an adaptive flexible insulating gripper disposed on the top of the insulating support slide, wherein the high voltage test electrode is embedded in the inner ring of the adaptive flexible insulating gripper, and the high voltage test electrode is a ring-shaped voltage equalization electrode structure.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] The system uses a multi-dimensional environmental parameter sensing module to collect temperature, air pressure, and humidity data in real time. An intelligent analysis and linkage control module calculates the critical air breakdown field strength under the current microenvironment and adaptively calculates the target support span accordingly. This drives the mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement modules to dynamically adjust the spacing between the high-voltage test electrodes. This mechanism effectively avoids flashover caused by insufficient air breakdown field strength at a fixed span due to environmental changes, ensuring the support span always matches the actual working conditions and significantly improving the safety and reliability of the pressure test results.

[0031] The intelligent analysis and linkage control module integrates the target support span, air breakdown critical field strength, total effective value of leakage current, active power loss, and energization duration to calculate the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index in real time. This index not only reflects instantaneous electric field stress and dielectric loss but also introduces a heat accumulation index term, sensitively capturing the heat accumulation and material degradation trend of the insulating rod under long-term pressure. It overcomes the limitations of the traditional single leakage current threshold and provides a more scientific and comprehensive quantitative criterion for insulation instability risk.

[0032] When the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index reaches a preset threshold (≥1.0), the intelligent analysis and linkage control module issues a cut-off control signal within 10 milliseconds, rapidly disconnecting the high-voltage experimental power supply circuit. Simultaneously, it controls the bidirectional servo drive mechanism to drive the insulation support slide table to rapidly reverse and retract at a rate higher than the preset retraction speed, quickly widening the electrode span. This closed-loop linkage mechanism achieves an extremely rapid response from risk identification to active power-off and mechanical isolation, effectively preventing the expansion of insulation breakdown or flashover accidents and maximizing the safety of the tested insulation rod, experimental equipment, and operators.

[0033] The mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement module features adaptive flexible insulating grippers that can achieve tight, damage-free clamping according to the deformation of the insulating rod. The high-voltage test electrode is embedded in the grippers and employs a ring-shaped voltage-equalizing electrode structure, effectively suppressing electrode edge effects and local electric field distortion, and reducing the probability of partial discharge and surface flashover. This combined structure ensures stable and uniform electrical contact between the high-voltage electrode and the insulating rod, providing an optimized electric field environment for withstand voltage tests and further improving the accuracy and repeatability of experimental data. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a content framework diagram of the overall solution;

[0035] Figure 2 Logic diagram for calculating the critical field strength for air breakdown;

[0036] Figure 3 To prevent flashover, support span adaptive control logic diagram;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a logic diagram for insulation instability assessment and early warning rollback. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0039] The specific implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0040] like Figures 1-4 As shown, an electrical engineering insulating rod withstand voltage test support device is provided according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising:

[0041] The mechanical bearing and servo displacement module includes an experimental base, a bidirectional servo drive mechanism symmetrically arranged on the experimental base, and an insulating support slide that is displaced by the bidirectional servo drive mechanism. It is used to clamp the insulating rod to be tested and dynamically adjust the physical support span of the high-voltage test electrodes at both ends.

[0042] Specifically, the main function of this module is to achieve stable clamping of the insulating rod and precise and dynamic adjustment of the physical support span between the high-voltage test electrodes. Specifically, the module can include an experimental base as the supporting foundation for the entire device. On this experimental base, bidirectional servo drive mechanisms can be symmetrically arranged. For example, a stepper motor or DC motor can be used in conjunction with a lead screw transmission mechanism to move the insulating support slide via manual or electrical control. The insulating support slide is displaced by the bidirectional servo drive mechanism, and clamps can be mounted on it to hold the insulating rod under test. The high-voltage test electrodes can be fixed at both ends of the insulating support slide, and the distance between the electrodes is changed by moving the slide. This configuration achieves physical support for the insulating rod and allows operators to manually adjust the span between the electrodes based on experience or preset values.

[0043] The environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module is set at the preset measuring points on the experimental base to collect temperature, air pressure and humidity signals in the microenvironment of the pressure resistance test in real time.

[0044] Specifically, this module's function is to acquire physical parameters within the microenvironment of the pressure withstand experiment in real time. For example, the module can consist of individual temperature, pressure, and humidity sensors, which can be installed at preset measuring points on the experimental base. The temperature sensor can be a thermistor or thermocouple to measure ambient temperature; the pressure sensor can be a piezoresistive or capacitive sensor to measure atmospheric pressure; and the humidity sensor can be a capacitive or resistive sensor to measure relative humidity. These sensors operate independently, outputting their respective acquired analog or digital signals for subsequent processing.

[0045] The dynamic microcurrent and dielectric loss detection module is electrically connected to the high-voltage test electrode and is used to collect in real time the effective value of the leakage current and active power loss flowing through the insulating rod under test after the high-voltage test voltage is applied.

[0046] Specifically, this module is designed to monitor the electrical performance of insulating rods during high-voltage testing. It can be electrically connected to high-voltage test electrodes, for example, by acquiring signals through current and voltage transformers. After applying the high-voltage test voltage, the module can acquire the real-time RMS value of the leakage current flowing through the insulating rod under test. For example, the leakage current can be directly measured using a current sensor, and its RMS value calculated. Simultaneously, the module can also measure the dielectric loss and active power loss of the insulating rod, for example, through a power analyzer or a dielectric loss test bridge. These measurement results can be output as digital signals, reflecting the real-time insulation status of the insulating rod.

[0047] The intelligent analysis and linkage control module is communicatively connected to the mechanical load and servo displacement module, the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, and the dynamic micro-current and dielectric loss detection module, respectively.

[0048] Specifically, this module is responsible for integrating data from other modules and performing corresponding control. Specifically, this intelligent analysis and linkage control module can establish communication connections with the mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement module, the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, and the dynamic micro-current and dielectric loss detection module. For example, data exchange and command transmission can be performed via RS485, Ethernet, or wireless communication. This module can receive environmental parameter data, leakage current data, and dielectric loss data, and analyze them according to preset logic or algorithms. Based on the analysis results, this module can send control commands to the mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement module, such as adjusting the position of the insulating support slide, or issuing an alarm signal when an anomaly is detected.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module is configured as follows:

[0050] The critical air breakdown field strength in the current microenvironment is obtained through online correction and calculation based on data collected by the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module.

[0051] The span of the target support for preventing flashover is adaptively calculated based on the withstand voltage test voltage and the critical field strength of air breakdown, and the mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement module is controlled to drive the insulating support slide to adjust to the target support span for positioning.

[0052] During the pressurization process of the withstand voltage test, the target support span, air breakdown critical field strength, leakage current RMS value, active power loss and energization duration are integrated to calculate the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index in real time. When the insulation instability assessment index reaches the preset threshold, a high voltage cut-off signal is output and the mechanical load and servo displacement module is controlled to drive the insulation support slide to quickly retreat in the reverse direction.

[0053] In this embodiment, the solution of this application achieves dynamic adaptive control and active safety protection for the withstand voltage test process of electrical engineering insulation rods through the refined configuration of the intelligent analysis and linkage control module. Specifically, the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module continuously monitors the temperature, air pressure, and humidity of the experimental microenvironment. This real-time data is received by the intelligent analysis and linkage control module and used for online correction calculation of the air breakdown critical field strength under the current environment. This correction process ensures the accuracy of the air insulation performance assessment and avoids misjudgments caused by environmental changes.

[0054] Based on the accurate air breakdown critical field strength and the preset withstand voltage test voltage, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module can adaptively calculate the target support span to ensure space flashover prevention. Subsequently, this module sends control commands to the mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement module, driving the insulating support slide to adjust to the target span. This step achieves dynamic optimization of experimental conditions, effectively preventing flashover caused by air breakdown between high-voltage test electrodes, thus ensuring the effectiveness and safety of the experiment.

[0055] During the pressure test, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module is not limited to static settings but continuously integrates multi-source data, including the determined target support span, the real-time corrected critical air breakdown field strength, the effective value of leakage current and active power loss collected by the dynamic micro-current and dielectric loss detection modules, and the duration of the energization test. Through real-time comprehensive analysis of these parameters, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module can calculate the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index. This index comprehensively reflects the deterioration trend and potential risks of the insulating rod under the dual effects of electric field and thermal effect. Once the assessment index reaches a preset threshold, indicating a high risk of instability in the insulating rod, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module will immediately take emergency measures. It will rapidly output a high-voltage cutoff signal, interrupting the high-voltage power supply with a millisecond-level response speed to prevent insulation breakdown accidents.

[0056] Meanwhile, to further ensure safety, this module also controls the mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement modules to drive the insulating support slide to rapidly retract in the reverse direction, quickly increasing the distance between the high-voltage test electrodes. This rapidly eliminates the high-voltage electric field, maximizing the protection of the insulating rod under test and the experimental equipment. The entire process forms a closed-loop intelligent control system, comprehensively improving the intelligence and safety of withstand voltage testing, from environmental adaptability adjustments to real-time risk assessment and emergency safety response.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mathematical model for calculating the critical air breakdown field strength in the current microenvironment in the intelligent analysis and linkage control module is as follows:

[0058]

[0059] in, This represents the critical air breakdown field strength under the current microenvironment conditions, expressed in kV / m. The value represents the air reference breakdown field strength under standard reference conditions, in kV / m; P represents the ambient atmospheric pressure measured by the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, in kPa. The standard reference atmospheric pressure is 101.325 kPa; T represents the absolute ambient temperature measured by the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, in K. This represents the standard reference absolute temperature, with a value of 293.15 K. The characteristic coefficient representing the effect of humidity derating is a dimensionless constant, and 0.01 ≤ ≤0.1; This represents the percentage of relative humidity measured by the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, in units of %.

[0060] In this embodiment, the mathematical model is used to accurately quantify the insulation strength of air under different environmental conditions. It is the minimum electric field strength required for air breakdown under specific environmental parameters, and is a key parameter for safety assessment of high-voltage insulation testing. It is the inherent breakdown field strength of air measured under standard reference conditions (e.g., standard atmospheric pressure, standard temperature, no humidity influence) and used as the reference value for calculation. Its value can be determined based on experimental data or industry standards. For example, under a uniform electric field, the reference breakdown field strength of dry air is usually about 30 kV / cm.

[0061] P and T represent the ambient atmospheric pressure and ambient absolute temperature, which are measured in real time by the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module. They directly affect the density of air, and thus the mean free path and collision ionization efficiency of air molecules. The higher the pressure and the lower the temperature, the greater the air density and the higher the breakdown field strength.

[0062] and These are the standard reference atmospheric pressure and standard reference absolute temperature used for standardized calculations to ensure the comparability of calculation results. It is a humidity derating characteristic coefficient used to characterize the weakening effect of water vapor content in the air on the breakdown field strength. Water molecules have high polarity and are easy to form conductive channels under the action of an electric field, thereby reducing the overall insulation performance of the air. The range of values ​​of this coefficient reflects the empirical quantification of its influence on the breakdown field strength. The relative humidity percentage is measured in real time by the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, directly reflecting the water vapor content in the air.

[0063] The solution in this application uses an intelligent analysis and linkage control module to receive in real time the ambient atmospheric pressure P, ambient absolute temperature T, and relative humidity percentage collected by the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module. The intelligent analysis and linkage control module compares these real-time environmental parameters with preset standard reference parameters. , , and the characteristic coefficient of humidity depreciation Substituting these values ​​into the mathematical model above, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module can online correct and calculate the air breakdown critical field under the current microenvironment conditions. This calculation process ensures that an air insulation strength assessment consistent with actual environmental conditions can be obtained at any point during the withstand voltage test. This provides accurate basic data for the subsequent adaptive calculation of the space flashover protection target support span and the real-time calculation of the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index. This dynamic correction mechanism based on real-time environmental parameters enables the entire withstand voltage test process to more accurately adapt to constantly changing environmental conditions, thereby improving the accuracy and safety of the experiment.

[0064] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mathematical model for calculating the span of the spatial flashover protection target support in the intelligent analysis and linkage control module is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] The parameters in the formula are defined as follows: This indicates the target support span setting value of the bidirectional servo drive mechanism, in meters (m). The space flashover protection safety margin coefficient is a dimensionless constant that satisfies... >1; This represents the effective value of the withstand voltage applied to both ends of the insulating rod under test, in kV. This represents the critical air breakdown field strength in the current microenvironment, calculated based on multidimensional environmental parameters, and is expressed in kV / m.

[0067] In this embodiment, the mathematical model for calculating the span of the spatial flashover prevention target support in the aforementioned intelligent analysis and linkage control module is based on determining a minimum safe distance that can effectively prevent air flashover, according to the critical air breakdown field strength under current environmental conditions and the expected withstand voltage test voltage. The model ensures that during the withstand voltage test, the air around the insulating rod will not experience breakdown flashover due to excessively high electric field strength, thereby protecting the equipment and personnel and ensuring the accuracy of the experimental results. This model can be implemented through programming, for example, by running a specific software algorithm in the processor of the intelligent analysis and linkage control module to receive input parameters and output calculation results in real time; or it can be implemented through a pre-established lookup table or graph, where input parameters are mapped to preset values ​​to improve computational efficiency.

[0068] in, This represents the target support span setting value of the bidirectional servo drive mechanism. This is the distance between the insulated support slides to which the bidirectional servo drive mechanism is adjusted, calculated and commanded by the intelligent analysis and linkage control module. Its function is to directly control the physical distance between the high-voltage test electrodes at both ends of the insulating rod to meet the requirements for space flashover protection. This setting value can be a digital signal, sent to the controller of the bidirectional servo drive mechanism via a communication interface, which then analyzes and drives the motor to perform displacement; or it can be an analog signal, such as a voltage or current signal, proportional to the displacement of the bidirectional servo drive mechanism, directly driving the servo system.

[0069] The space flashover protection safety margin coefficient is a dimensionless constant that satisfies... This is a coefficient used to introduce a safety margin when calculating the target support span. Its purpose is to ensure that the actual set support span is greater than the theoretical minimum flashover protection distance, in order to cope with environmental fluctuations, equipment errors, or unforeseen factors, and further improve the safety of the withstand voltage test. This coefficient can be preset according to empirical values, industry standards, or specific experimental requirements and stored in the memory of the intelligent analysis and linkage control module; it can also be designed as an adjustable parameter, allowing users to manually or automatically adjust it according to different experimental conditions or safety level requirements.

[0070] This represents the effective value of the withstand voltage test voltage applied to both ends of the insulating rod under test. This is the effective value of the AC or DC voltage applied to the insulating rod by the high-voltage test electrodes during the withstand voltage test. Its function is to serve as one of the key input parameters for calculating the target support span; it directly reflects the severity of the test and is a crucial factor in determining the required insulation distance. This value can be input by the user through the human-machine interface before the test begins and received by the intelligent analysis and linkage control module; alternatively, it can be fed back to the intelligent analysis and linkage control module in real time by the high-voltage power supply control system to ensure that the voltage value used for calculation is consistent with the actual applied voltage value.

[0071] This represents the critical electric field strength for air breakdown in the current microenvironment, calculated based on multi-dimensional environmental parameters. It is the maximum electric field strength that air can withstand under current temperature, pressure, and humidity conditions; exceeding this value will cause air breakdown. Its function is as one of the key input parameters for calculating the support span of the target, reflecting the insulating properties of air under current environmental conditions and forming the basis for determining the safe distance. This value is obtained online by the intelligent analysis and linkage control module based on real-time data collected by the multi-dimensional environmental parameter sensing module and combined with a preset mathematical model; alternatively, it can be obtained by consulting a pre-established database of air breakdown field strengths based on different environmental parameters.

[0072] The proposed solution uses an intelligent analysis and linkage control module to receive real-time environmental data collected by a multi-dimensional environmental parameter sensing module. This data, combined with a pre-set mathematical model, is used to calculate the critical air breakdown field strength in the current microenvironment. Subsequently, this module incorporates the calculated critical air breakdown field strength, a pre-set effective value of the withstand voltage test voltage, and a spatial flashover protection safety margin coefficient into the mathematical model for calculating the target support span for spatial flashover protection. This yields a precise target support span setting. This setting is then sent to a mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement module, which drives a bidirectional servo drive mechanism to precisely adjust the insulating support slide to the target support span. In this way, the equipment can dynamically adjust the physical support span between the high-voltage test electrodes according to real-time environmental conditions and the test voltage, ensuring effective prevention of air flashover under different operating conditions, thereby significantly improving the safety and reliability of the withstand voltage test.

[0073] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mathematical model for calculating the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index in the intelligent analysis and linkage control module is as follows:

[0074]

[0075] In the formula, the parameters are defined as follows: The electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index of the insulating rod under test during the withstand voltage test is a dimensionless quantity. This represents the effective value of the withstand voltage applied to both ends of the insulating rod under test, in kV. This indicates the target support span setting value, in meters (m). This represents the critical air breakdown field strength in the current microenvironment, expressed in kV / m. This represents the active power of dielectric loss of the insulating rod under test as measured by the dynamic micro-current and dielectric loss detection module, in W. The value of the total leakage current flowing through the insulating rod under test, measured by the dynamic micro-current and dielectric loss detection module, is expressed in mA; t represents the duration of the withstand voltage test under continuous high voltage, expressed in seconds. This represents the maximum allowable heat dissipation power per unit length of the insulating rod under test, expressed in W / m. This represents the reference constant for the duration of the standard benchmark test, in seconds.

[0076] In this embodiment, the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index It is a dimensionless quantity used to quantify the risk of insulation instability in the tested insulating rod under the combined influence of electric and thermal fields during withstand voltage tests. Its concept lies in comprehensively considering multiple key factors such as electric field strength, dielectric loss, leakage current, and energizing time to provide a more comprehensive assessment of the insulation status than a single parameter. This index can be implemented through real-time calculation by a processor in an intelligent analysis and linkage control module, or through efficient processing by a dedicated hardware acceleration unit.

[0077] The effective value of the withstand voltage test applied to both ends of the insulating rod under test This represents the effective value of the high-voltage applied to both ends of the insulating rod during the withstand voltage test. It is a direct indicator of the electric field stress borne by the insulating rod. This voltage value is typically provided by the high-voltage test power supply and is monitored in real time by a voltage sensor, with feedback provided to the intelligent analysis and linkage control module.

[0078] Target support span setting value This indicates the physical support span achieved by the bidirectional servo drive mechanism adjusting the insulating support slide. It directly affects the distance between the high-voltage test electrodes at both ends of the insulating rod, and thus the electric field distribution experienced by the insulating rod. This setpoint is typically determined and controlled by the intelligent analysis and linkage control module based on preset experimental conditions or real-time calculation results. The current air breakdown critical field strength in the microenvironment. This represents the minimum electric field strength required for air breakdown under current ambient temperature, air pressure, and humidity conditions. It is a key indicator for evaluating the insulation performance of the external air gap of an insulating rod. This field strength value is typically obtained by the intelligent analysis and linkage control module through online correction calculation based on real-time environmental data collected by the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, using a preset mathematical model. The dynamic micro-current and dielectric loss detection module measures the dielectric loss active power of the insulating rod under test. This represents the active power generated by the dielectric loss flowing through the insulating rod under test after a high-voltage test is applied. Dielectric loss is the manifestation of energy loss in insulating materials under the action of an alternating electric field. Its magnitude is related to factors such as the dielectric properties of the insulating material, temperature, and electric field strength, and is an important indicator for assessing the internal heating and aging degree of the insulating material. This power value is measured in real time by the dynamic micro-current and dielectric loss detection module through high-precision sensors and computing circuits and transmitted to the intelligent analysis and linkage control module.

[0079] The effective value of the total leakage current flowing through the insulating rod under test, measured by the dynamic micro-current and dielectric loss detection module. This represents the effective value of the leakage current flowing through the insulating rod under test after the high-voltage test voltage is applied. Leakage current is a tiny current flowing through the surface or interior of an insulating material under the influence of an electric field; its magnitude reflects the insulating performance of the material. This current value is measured in real-time by the dynamic micro-current and dielectric loss detection module using a high-sensitivity current sensor and transmitted to the intelligent analysis and linkage control module. The energizing time t represents the time elapsed from the start of the high-voltage test to the current moment. The energizing time is one of the key factors affecting the heat accumulation and aging degree of the insulating material; prolonged electric and thermal field action can lead to a cumulative decrease in insulation performance. This time value is recorded and updated in real-time by a timer within the intelligent analysis and linkage control module.

[0080] The maximum allowable heat dissipation power per unit length of the insulating rod under test This represents the maximum heat power that the insulating rod under test can safely dissipate per unit length. It is an inherent characteristic parameter related to the insulating rod's material, structure, and heat dissipation conditions, representing the upper limit of the insulating rod's thermal load without thermal breakdown. This parameter is usually preset based on the insulating rod's material properties, design specifications, or previous experimental data and stored in the memory of the intelligent analysis and linkage control module.

[0081] Standard benchmark test duration reference constant It is a standardized time reference constant used to normalize the power-on time in the exponential term of the evaluation index, making the evaluation results comparable under different test durations. This constant is usually set according to industry standards, experimental experience, or specific test procedures, and stored in the memory of the intelligent analysis and linkage control module.

[0082] The solution proposed in this application utilizes an intelligent analysis and linkage control module, employing a mathematical model of the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index, to comprehensively evaluate the insulation state of the insulating rod under test in real time. This model cleverly integrates multiple key factors such as electric field stress, dielectric loss heating, leakage current, and energizing time. Specifically, the first term of the model... This measures the ratio between the actual electric field strength experienced by the insulating rod and the critical breakdown field strength of ambient air, reflecting the influence of electric field stress on insulation performance. (Second item) This characterizes the relationship between the internal dielectric loss heating and the total power loss of the insulating rod, indirectly reflecting the dielectric properties and internal heating of the insulating material. The third term, the exponential term... This is one of the core innovations of this scheme, as it introduces the time accumulation effect and the risk of thermal instability. This exponential term considers the active power of dielectric losses. The cumulative effect during the energizing time t, and its relationship with the maximum allowable heat dissipation power per unit length of the insulating rod. and target support span and standard benchmark test duration reference constant Normalization is performed. When the accumulated heat inside the insulating rod exceeds its heat dissipation capacity, the temperature rises sharply, leading to accelerated degradation of insulation performance and ultimately thermal breakdown. This index term can sensitively capture this trend of heat accumulation and thermal instability. By multiplying these three terms, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module can obtain a comprehensive and dynamically changing electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index. This index not only reflects the effects of instantaneous electric field and dielectric loss, but more importantly, it incorporates the heat accumulation effect caused by prolonged energization. This allows for a more accurate prediction of the potential instability risk of the insulating rod during the withstand voltage test. When the index reaches a preset threshold, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module promptly issues a high-voltage cutoff signal and controls the mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement module to drive the insulating support slide table to rapidly reverse, effectively preventing catastrophic breakdown of the insulating rod and ensuring experimental safety and equipment integrity.

[0083] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module presets an insulation instability critical early warning threshold of 1.0; when the condition is met... At that time, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module sends a cut-off control signal within 10 ms to disconnect the high-voltage experimental power supply circuit, and controls the bidirectional servo drive mechanism to drive the insulating support slide to move in the opposite direction at a rate greater than the preset retraction speed.

[0084] In this embodiment, the solution of this application introduces a rapid response mechanism based on the continuous monitoring of the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index of the insulating rod under test by the intelligent analysis and linkage control module. Specifically, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module presets a critical early warning threshold of 1.0 for insulation instability. During the pressurization process of the withstand voltage test, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module continuously calculates the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index of the insulating rod under test based on the real-time effective value of the leakage current, active power loss, and energization duration collected by the dynamic micro-current and dielectric loss detection module, combined with the target support span and the critical field strength for air breakdown. Once the assessment index reaches or exceeds the preset threshold of 1.0, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module will immediately determine that the insulating rod is in a critical instability state. At this time, in order to prevent the occurrence of insulation breakdown accident, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module will quickly issue a cut-off control signal within 10ms, instructing the high-voltage test power supply circuit to disconnect, thereby quickly eliminating the test voltage applied to the high-voltage test electrode. Simultaneously, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module sends commands to the bidirectional servo drive mechanism in the mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement module, causing it to drive the insulating support slide to move in the opposite direction at a rate greater than the preset retraction speed. This rapidly increases the physical span between the high-voltage test electrodes, further reducing the risk of air flashover and ensuring safe operation in subsequent operations. Through this rapid, linkage-based response mechanism, this application can effectively prevent insulation breakdown accidents, protect experimental equipment and personnel safety, and ensure the accuracy of experimental results.

[0085] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical bearing and servo displacement module further includes an adaptive flexible insulating gripper disposed on the top of the insulating support slide, wherein the high voltage test electrode is embedded in the inner ring of the adaptive flexible insulating gripper, and the high voltage test electrode is a ring-shaped voltage equalization electrode structure.

[0086] In this embodiment, the adaptive flexible insulating gripper is a clamping device capable of deforming according to the external contour and size of the insulating rod to achieve a tight and uniform fit. Its function is to ensure stable, damage-free clamping of the insulating rod and provide good electrical insulation. As one possible implementation, the gripper can be made of a material with high insulation properties and appropriate elasticity (e.g., special silicone rubber, polyurethane elastomer, or composite insulating material) and designed as a multi-lobed, corrugated, or finger-like structure, applying a uniform clamping force through an external driving mechanism (such as a pneumatic, hydraulic, or mechanical spring). Another implementation is that the gripper can comprise multiple independent flexible units, each capable of independently or in conjunction with other units to adjust its position and shape to accommodate insulating rods of different diameters or irregular shapes.

[0087] The high-voltage test electrode is embedded in the inner ring of an adaptive flexible insulating gripper. This structure directly integrates the high-voltage test electrode into the inner annular region of the adaptive flexible insulating gripper. Its function is to ensure a stable and reliable electrical contact between the electrode and the insulating rod under test, while utilizing the insulating properties of the gripper to provide additional electrical isolation and mechanical support. As one possible implementation, the high-voltage test electrode can be integrally bonded to the gripper material during the manufacturing process of the flexible gripper through molding, vulcanization, or injection molding. Alternatively, the electrode can be designed as a detachable annular component, securely fixed to the inner ring of the flexible gripper via mechanical snaps, threaded connections, or adhesive bonding, and tightly fitted with the gripper's insulating material to form a seamless or low-gap transition.

[0088] The high-voltage test electrode is a ring-shaped voltage-equalizing electrode structure. This structure refers to the ring shape of the high-voltage test electrode, designed to create a uniform electric field distribution in the contact area between the electrode and the insulating rod under test. Its function is to effectively suppress electrode edge effects and local electric field concentration, thereby reducing the probability of partial discharge and surface flashover, and improving the accuracy and safety of the withstand voltage test. As one possible implementation, the cross-section of the ring electrode can be designed as an arc, ellipse, or chamfered shape with a specific curvature to optimize the electric field distribution and avoid sharp edges. Another approach is to perform high-precision polishing on the surface of the ring electrode to ensure a smooth and flawless surface, further reducing electric field distortion caused by surface irregularities.

[0089] This application's solution organically combines an adaptive flexible insulating gripper, an inner-ring embedded high-voltage test electrode, and a ring-shaped voltage-equalizing electrode structure to jointly act on the clamping and high-voltage application process of the insulating rod under test. Specifically, when the insulating rod under test is placed on the insulating support slide of the mechanical bearing and servo displacement module, the adaptive flexible insulating gripper can achieve tight and uniform coverage and clamping of the insulating rod through its flexible deformation according to the actual size and surface characteristics of the insulating rod. This adaptive clamping not only provides stable mechanical support and reduces mechanical stress concentration caused by size mismatch or surface unevenness, but also ensures that the high-voltage test electrode and the insulating rod always maintain good, large-area electrical contact. At the same time, since the high-voltage test electrode is embedded in the flexible gripper in the inner ring, the contact interface between the electrode and the insulating rod is optimized, avoiding the local contact problems that may be caused by traditional rigid electrodes. More importantly, the high-voltage test electrode adopts a ring-shaped voltage-equalizing electrode structure, the design concept of which is to form a uniform electric field distribution in the contact area between the electrode and the insulating rod when high voltage is applied. This uniform electric field effectively suppresses electrode edge effects and local electric field distortion, significantly reducing the risk of partial discharge or surface flashover caused by electric field concentration during withstand voltage tests. Through this structural combination, the device provides a stable, uniform, and optimized electric field distribution testing environment for the insulating rod under test, resulting in more accurate and reliable withstand voltage test results and significantly improving the safety of the experimental process.

[0090] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A support device for withstand voltage testing of an insulating rod in electrical engineering, characterized in that, include: The mechanical bearing and servo displacement module includes an experimental base, a bidirectional servo drive mechanism symmetrically arranged on the experimental base, and an insulating support slide that is displaced by the bidirectional servo drive mechanism, used to clamp the insulating rod to be tested and dynamically adjust the physical support span of the high voltage test electrodes at both ends. The environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module is set at the preset measuring point of the experimental base to collect temperature, air pressure and humidity signals in the microenvironment of the pressure resistance test in real time. The dynamic microcurrent and dielectric loss detection module is electrically connected to the high-voltage test electrode and is used to collect the effective value of the leakage current and active power loss flowing through the insulating rod under test after the high-voltage test voltage is applied in real time. The intelligent analysis and linkage control module is communicatively connected to the mechanical load and servo displacement module, the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module, and the dynamic micro-current and dielectric loss detection module, respectively.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent analysis and linkage control module is configured as follows: The critical air breakdown field strength in the current microenvironment is obtained through online correction and calculation based on data collected by the environmental multi-dimensional parameter sensing module. The span of the target support for preventing flashover is adaptively calculated based on the withstand voltage test voltage and the critical field strength of air breakdown, and the mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement module is controlled to drive the insulating support slide to adjust to the target support span for positioning. During the pressurization process of the withstand voltage test, the target support span, air breakdown critical field strength, leakage current RMS value, active power loss and energization duration are integrated to calculate the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index in real time. When the insulation instability assessment index reaches the preset threshold, a high voltage cut-off signal is output and the mechanical load and servo displacement module is controlled to drive the insulation support slide to quickly retreat in the reverse direction.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for calculating the critical air breakdown field strength in the current microenvironment in the intelligent analysis and linkage control module is as follows: the air benchmark breakdown field strength in the standard reference environment is multiplied by the air pressure correction term, temperature correction term and humidity correction term in sequence. The pressure correction term is the ratio of the measured ambient atmospheric pressure to the standard reference atmospheric pressure; the temperature correction term is the ratio of the standard reference absolute temperature to the measured ambient absolute temperature; and the humidity correction term is the ratio of 1 minus the humidity devaluation characteristic coefficient multiplied by the measured relative humidity percentage divided by 100. Multiplying the above three correction factors together by the reference breakdown field strength yields the critical air breakdown field strength in the current microenvironment.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for calculating the support span of the spatial flashover prevention target in the intelligent analysis and linkage control module is as follows: The foundation span is obtained by dividing the effective value of the withstand voltage applied to both ends of the insulating rod under test by the critical air breakdown field strength in the current micro-environment. The foundation span is then multiplied by the spatial flashover protection safety margin coefficient, and the resulting product is used as the target support span setting value of the bidirectional servo drive mechanism.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for calculating the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability assessment index in the intelligent analysis and linkage control module is as follows: First, calculate the electric field strength ratio: divide the effective value of the withstand voltage test by the product of the target support span setting value and the critical field strength for air breakdown; Next, calculate the dielectric loss ratio: divide the active power of the dielectric loss by the product of the effective value of the total leakage current and the effective value of the withstand voltage test voltage; Next, calculate the heat accumulation index: first calculate the active power of the dielectric loss multiplied by the duration of energization, then divide by the product of the unit length limit heat dissipation power, the target support span setting value, and the standard benchmark test duration reference constant, and take the exponential function value with the natural constant e as the base of the quotient. Multiply the electric field strength ratio by the dielectric loss ratio and then by the thermal accumulation index term. The resulting product is used as the evaluation index for the electro-thermal coupling insulation instability of the insulating rod under test during the withstand voltage test.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The intelligent analysis and linkage control module has a preset insulation instability critical early warning threshold of 1.0; when the condition is met... At that time, the intelligent analysis and linkage control module sends a cut-off control signal within 10 ms to disconnect the high-voltage experimental power supply circuit, and controls the bidirectional servo drive mechanism to drive the insulating support slide to move in the opposite direction at a rate greater than the preset retraction speed.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mechanical load-bearing and servo displacement module also includes an adaptive flexible insulating gripper set on the top of the insulating support slide. The high voltage test electrode is embedded in the inner ring of the adaptive flexible insulating gripper, and the high voltage test electrode is a ring-shaped voltage equalizing electrode structure.

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