A high-voltage switch cabinet wrench contact on-line monitoring sensor, analysis system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of high-voltage switch cabinet online monitoring, in particular to a kind of high-voltage switch cabinet plum blossom contact online monitoring sensor, analysis system and method, including clasp ring, clamp ring and transmission rod, clasp ring and clamp ring are fixedly connected with docking ring to constitute hollow collar and be set on the outside of plum blossom contact, transmission rod is multiple and is distributed around hollow collar, transmission rod one end penetrates docking ring to connect contact spring, and transmission rod other end penetrates clasp ring and is arranged between finger, the outer circumference between clasp ring and clamp ring is rotatably connected with positioning ring, positioning ring outer end portion is provided with multiple strip-shaped movable slots corresponding with transmission rod, the continuous thrust of locking spring is used to make the connecting rod of transmission rod automatically be clamped when scanning finger gap, simultaneously, conical head and docking port are automatically aligned and clamped to form installation feedback, rotating positioning ring can make all transmission rods find corresponding finger gap one by one and automatically be clamped, that is, the self-adapting installation of plum blossom contact of different diameters, different finger quantity is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of online monitoring of high-voltage switchgear, specifically to an online monitoring sensor, analysis system, and method for the perforated contacts of high-voltage switchgear. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage switchgear is a core device in power systems used for power distribution, control, and protection. Its internal sprite contacts, serving as the electrical connection between the circuit breaker trolley and the busbar, bear the crucial function of conducting large currents. The sprite contact consists of multiple contact fingers and contact springs sleeved on the outside of the contact fingers. The contact springs provide clamping force, ensuring that the contact fingers maintain sufficient contact pressure when the stationary contact is inserted, thus ensuring that the contact resistance remains within a safe range.

[0003] However, in actual operation, the spline contacts are subjected to the thermal effect of current and mechanical vibration for a long time. The contact springs are prone to fatigue and relaxation, resulting in a decrease in clamping force and an increase in contact resistance, which in turn can lead to contact overheating or even switchgear burnout. Therefore, online monitoring of the spline contacts, especially real-time sensing of contact spring tension, contact temperature, and insertion depth, is of great significance for ensuring the safe operation of switchgear.

[0004] To address the aforementioned needs, several online monitoring devices have been proposed. For example, one existing composite sensing device uses multiple pressure sensors, temperature sensors, and an insertion depth detection mechanism mounted on a support to monitor the clamping force of the contact spring, the contact temperature, and the insertion depth of the moving and stationary contacts. During installation, the device requires a locking block on the support to be radially extended and retracted into the gap between the contact fingers to secure the sensing device to the contacts.

[0005] However, the aforementioned existing technologies still have significant shortcomings in practical applications. On the one hand, different models and specifications of Phillips head contacts vary in the number of contact fingers, gap width, and distribution circle diameter. The position and angle of the locking block in existing devices are fixed, and they can only adapt to changes in contact finger spacing through radial extension and contraction, unable to adjust the angle of the locking block in the circumferential direction. This means that when dealing with Phillips head contacts of different specifications, it is necessary to replace the corresponding size of the locking bracket or re-molde, resulting in poor product versatility. On-site installation often requires repeated trial and error and adjustments, making the operation extremely cumbersome. On the other hand, existing devices lack automatic alignment and feedback mechanisms during installation. Operators must rely on visual observation and experience to determine whether the locking block is accurately inserted into the contact finger gap, resulting in low operational efficiency and the risk of misalignment. If the locking block is not accurately aligned with the gap and is directly inserted into the contact finger surface, it may damage the silver plating layer of the contact finger, affecting the conductivity of the contact. In addition, existing devices usually require binding or screw fixing to assist in locking, which involves multiple installation steps and high operational intensity.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for an online monitoring sensor that can adapt to different specifications of stylus contacts, can be quickly installed without professional tools, and has an automatic alignment feedback function during installation, so as to simplify on-site installation operations and improve the versatility and installation efficiency of the product. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide an online monitoring sensor, analysis system, and method for high-voltage switchgear sprite contacts to solve the aforementioned problems. By utilizing the continuous thrust of the locking spring, the connecting rod of the transmission rod automatically engages when it sweeps to the contact finger gap. At the same time, the conical head and the interface automatically align and engage to form installation feedback. Only by rotating the positioning ring is it possible for all transmission rods to find the corresponding contact finger gap one by one and automatically engage. This achieves adaptive installation of sprite contacts with different diameters and different numbers of contact fingers, reducing the difficulty of on-site installation and the cost of spare parts management. See the following description for details.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: The present invention provides an online monitoring sensor for high-voltage switchgear sprite contacts, comprising a sprite contact consisting of two contact rings and multiple contact fingers arranged on its outer circumference, and multiple contact springs sleeved on the outside of the sprite contact, and further comprising a retaining ring, a clamping ring and a transmission rod. A mating ring is fixedly connected between the retaining ring and the clamping ring to form a hollow collar and sleeved on the outside of the sprite contact. Multiple transmission rods are distributed around the hollow collar. One end of the transmission rod passes through the mating ring to connect to the contact spring, and the other end of the transmission rod passes through the retaining ring and is disposed between the contact fingers. A positioning ring is rotatably connected to the outer circumference of the buckle and the clamping ring. The outer end of the positioning ring has multiple strip-shaped movable grooves corresponding to the transmission rod. A positioning cover covering the movable grooves is fixed to the outer wall of the positioning ring. A transmission column penetrating the positioning cover and the hollow collar is fixed to the end of the transmission rod. Multiple mating interfaces are opened on the outer circumference of the docking ring. A conical head penetrating the mating interface is fixed to the end of the transmission column. A mating groove is opened at the end of the conical head to connect to the contact spring. The positioning ring drives the transmission column to move through the movable grooves, causing the conical head to press against the mating interface. The mating interface guides the conical head to move to separate from the contact spring and adjust its position.

[0009] Preferably, a transmission plate that fits against the outer wall of the positioning ring is fixed in the middle section of the transmission column, and a locking spring with its two ends abutting against the positioning cover and the positioning ring respectively is sleeved in the middle end of the transmission column. The locking spring squeezes the transmission plate and squeezes the transmission column to move into the hollow collar. The diameter of the transmission plate is larger than the width of the movable groove opening.

[0010] Preferably, a guide sleeve adapted to the transmission column is slidably provided in the movable groove. The guide sleeve is slidably connected to the movable groove, and each end of the guide sleeve is provided with a washer that fits the positioning ring. The guide sleeve is kept in the movable groove by the washer, and the guide sleeve is limited by the washer to stabilize the angle of the guide sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, a connecting rod is fixed to the end of the transmission rod away from the transmission column. The connecting rod, the transmission rod, and the transmission column form a U-shaped transmission frame. The outer circumference of the buckle is provided with multiple strip-shaped slots corresponding to the number of transmission rods. The connecting rod passes through the slots to enter between adjacent touch fingers. The end of the connecting rod is an extension head extending towards the center of the hollow collar. The extension head is at a right angle to the connecting rod body to increase the contact area between the connecting rod and the touch finger. The end of the buckle is provided with multiple strip-shaped observation slots corresponding to the transmission rods. The relative position of the connecting rod and the touch finger can be observed through the observation slots. A through slot is also provided at the center of the end of the buckle.

[0012] Preferably, the outer wall of the positioning cover is provided with a strip-shaped positioning groove for accommodating the transmission column to pass through and move. The positioning groove and the movable groove correspond to each other, and the width of the positioning groove opening is smaller than the inner diameter of the locking spring to limit the locking spring.

[0013] Preferably, positioning blocks are fixed to the inner walls of both ends of the movable groove. One side of the positioning block is fixed to the end of the positioning groove, and a positioning cylinder is fixed to the side of the positioning block facing the transmission column. The positioning column is slidably connected inside the positioning cylinder. A positioning head is fixed to the end of the positioning column. The positioning head is made of elastic material, and the positioning ring is driven by the positioning head and the transmission column when it rotates. A positioning spring is sleeved in the middle section of the positioning column. The two ends of the positioning spring abut against the positioning head and the positioning cylinder, respectively. A positioning plate with a diameter smaller than the opening of the positioning cylinder is fixed to the end of the positioning column located in the positioning cylinder to limit the maximum movement distance of the positioning column.

[0014] Preferably, the outer wall of the buckle is provided with an annular groove, and a retaining plate is slidably connected in the groove. A wavy annular plate is fixed on the outer circumference of the retaining plate. The section of the outer circumference of the annular plate away from the center of the annular plate is a lifting section, and the section of the annular plate close to the center of the annular plate is a clearance section. The lifting section and clearance section are staggered and the number is the same as that of the transmission rod. The rotation of the annular plate causes multiple lifting sections to come into contact with the transmission rod and squeeze the transmission rod to move and squeeze the locking spring, and causes the conical head to separate from the contact spring to quickly separate multiple transmission rods from the plum blossom contact.

[0015] Preferably, the outer wall of the clamping ring is provided with a second connecting groove, and the outer wall of the buckle is provided with a first connecting groove. The two sides of the positioning ring are slidably connected to the first connecting groove and the second connecting groove, respectively. A depth sensor is fixed to the outer wall of the buckle end, a temperature sensor is fixed to the inner wall of the buckle, and a pressure sensor that fits the plum blossom contact is fixed to the inner wall of the buckle end near the edge of the through groove.

[0016] The present invention also provides an online monitoring and analysis system for high-voltage switchgear plum blossom contacts, comprising: the online monitoring sensor for high-voltage switchgear plum blossom contacts, wherein the sensor obtains electrical energy from the switchgear busbar through a passive induction power extraction method and stores it in an internal energy storage unit for powering itself; A data acquisition device is connected to the sensor via wireless communication and is used to receive monitoring data sent by the sensor. A back-end terminal is connected to the data acquisition device via wired communication. It is used to receive and display the monitoring data transmitted by the data acquisition device, as well as to analyze and issue early warnings based on the monitoring data. The sensors include a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a depth sensor, which are used to collect the temperature signal of the plum blossom contact, the clamping force signal of the contact spring, and the insertion depth signal when the stationary contact is inserted into the moving contact assembly, respectively. The control board of the sensors converts the collected temperature, clamping force, and insertion depth signals into analog and digital signals and processes the data before transmitting them wirelessly to the data acquisition device. The data acquisition device then transmits the received data to the back-end terminal via a wired connection, where the back-end terminal performs comprehensive analysis and status judgment.

[0017] The present invention also provides an online monitoring and analysis method for high-voltage switchgear stud contacts based on the above-mentioned monitoring and analysis system, comprising the following steps: a. The sensor obtains electrical energy from the switch cabinet busbar through a passive inductive power supply method to charge the internal energy storage unit and complete the power-on initialization. b. The control board of the sensor controls the temperature sensor, pressure sensor and depth sensor respectively, and synchronously collects the temperature signal of the plum blossom contact, the clamping force signal of the contact spring and the insertion depth signal when the stationary contact is inserted into the moving contact assembly; c. The control motherboard receives the collected temperature, clamping force and insertion depth signals, and after analog-to-digital conversion and data processing, sends them to the data acquisition device via wireless communication. d. The data acquisition device queries the wireless communication module in real time to determine whether it has received the data sent by the sensor. If it has received the data, it stores the received data and continues to query. If it has not received the data, it continues to query until the data is received. e. The background terminal is connected to the data acquisition device via wired communication and queries in real time whether the data acquisition device has stored new data. If new data exists, the background terminal reads the data and performs comprehensive analysis and status judgment on the data of the three dimensions of temperature, clamping force and insertion depth. If no new data exists, the background terminal continues to query. f. If the background terminal determines that the plum blossom contactor is in an abnormal state based on the analysis results of step S5, it outputs a warning signal and saves the analysis results and warning information to the background database.

[0018] The beneficial effects are as follows: 1. This invention uses the rotation of the positioning ring to drive the transmission rod to revolve around the axis of the hollow collar and sweep across the outer circumference of the contact finger. The continuous thrust of the locking spring causes the connecting rod of the transmission rod to automatically engage when it sweeps to the gap between the contact fingers. At the same time, the conical head and the mating interface automatically align and engage to form installation feedback. This breaks through the limitation of traditional sensors that require individual adjustment of the locking position for different contact specifications. Only the positioning ring needs to be rotated to make all the transmission rods find the corresponding contact finger gap one by one and automatically engage. There is no need for individual alignment, measurement, or special tools. This achieves adaptive installation of staggered contacts with different diameters and different numbers of contact fingers, reducing the difficulty of on-site installation and the cost of spare parts management.

[0019] 2. The guide sleeve and end washers that slide in the movable groove guide the movement direction of the transmission column, so that the transmission column always moves along the length of the movable groove without radial deflection during the reciprocating rotation. This ensures that the movement trajectory of the conical head in the mating interface is stable and does not deviate, avoiding jamming or misalignment caused by movement deviation.

[0020] 3. During installation, the positioning ring needs to be repeatedly rotated forward and backward to find the optimal engagement position of each transmission rod. The elastic positioning heads set on the inner walls of both ends of the movable groove can be compressed or extended when the transmission column moves in the opposite direction, providing additional redundancy and preventing the transmission column from getting stuck due to jamming during forward and reverse rotation. This ensures that the transmission rod can always move smoothly forward and backward during the rotation sweeping process, improving the fault tolerance and smoothness of the installation operation.

[0021] 4. The wavy annular plate on the outer wall of the buckle rotates to push the transmission rod outwards through its lifting section, compressing the locking spring to separate the conical head from the contact spring and the connecting rod from the contact finger gap. This allows multiple transmission rods to be disengaged in one action, eliminating the need for individual operation to quickly disassemble the sensor, shortening maintenance time and reducing the workload of operators.

[0022] 5. Temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and depth sensors are integrated on the hollow collar to monitor the temperature of the plum blossom contact, the clamping force of the contact spring, and the insertion depth of the stationary contact in real time. This enables a deep perception of the contact's operating status. The three types of data corroborate each other, effectively avoiding misjudgment based on a single indicator and providing a complete data foundation for comprehensive analysis in the background.

[0023] 6. By using passive inductive power extraction technology, electrical energy is obtained from the switch cabinet bus and stored in the internal energy storage unit. No external power supply or wiring is required, which avoids the risk of monitoring interruption caused by power line aging, breakage or poor contact. At the same time, the installation location is not limited by the power interface, realizing ready-to-use and maintenance-free operation.

[0024] 7. The sensor wirelessly transmits the collected temperature, clamping force and insertion depth data to the data acquisition device, and then transmits it to the back-end terminal via wired means for comprehensive analysis and early warning. This enables remote centralized monitoring of the operating status of the switch cabinet's plum blossom contacts, allowing key operating parameters to be grasped without manual inspection, which greatly improves operation and maintenance efficiency and fault early warning capabilities. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plum blossom contact of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the buckle of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow collar structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a structural disassembly diagram of the hollow collar of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural disassembly diagram of the hollow collar of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning ring of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the positioning ring of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission rod of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning block of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning block of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning post of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a front view of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional view of the hollow collar of the present invention; Figure 17 This is the present invention. Figure 16 A magnified structural diagram at point A; Figure 18 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning ring of the present invention.

[0027] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows: 1. Snap ring; 101. Observation slot; 102. Slot; 103. Card slot; 104. Card plate; 105. Annular plate; 105a. Lifting section; 105b. Clearance section; 106. First connecting slot; 107. Through slot; 108. Depth sensor; 109. Pressure sensor; 110. Temperature sensor; 2. Clamping ring; 201. Second connecting slot; 3. Contact ring; 301. Contact finger; 302. Contact spring; 4. Transmission rod; 401. Connecting rod; 40 1a. Extension head; 402. Transmission column; 403. Locking spring; 404. Transmission plate; 405. Conical head; 406. Docking groove; 407. Guide sleeve; 407a. Washer; 5. Docking ring; 501. Docking interface; 6. Positioning ring; 601. Movable groove; 602. Positioning cover; 602a. Positioning groove; 603. Positioning block; 604. Positioning cylinder; 605. Positioning spring; 606. Positioning head; 607. Positioning column; 607a. Positioning plate. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0029] See Figures 1-18As shown, this invention provides an online monitoring sensor for high-voltage switchgear plum blossom contacts. The sensor body is composed of a hollow collar, which consists of a retaining ring 1, a clamping ring 2, and a docking ring 5 fixedly connected between the two. Both the retaining ring 1 and the clamping ring 2 are annular structures, and they are arranged at intervals along the axial direction. The docking ring 5 is cylindrical and connected between the retaining ring 1 and the clamping ring 2, so that the hollow collar as a whole forms an annular frame with an internal channel. The inner diameter of the hollow collar is larger than the outer diameter of the plum blossom contact, so that it can be inserted from the end of the plum blossom contact during installation and finally fitted on the outside of the plum blossom contact. The central axis of the hollow collar coincides with the central axis of the plum blossom contact, and the two are arranged coaxially.

[0030] The hollow collar has multiple transmission rods 4 evenly distributed around its circumference. The transmission rods 4 extend radially along the hollow collar. The outer end of each transmission rod 4, that is, the end away from the center of the hollow collar, is provided with a conical head 405. The conical head 405 passes through the mating interface 501 opened on the mating ring 5 and extends to the position of the contact spring 302. The inner end of the transmission rod 4, that is, the end close to the center of the hollow collar, is provided with a connecting rod 401. The connecting rod 401 passes through the buckle ring 1 and extends to the gap position between two adjacent contact fingers 301. The transmission rods 4, the connecting rods 401 and the transmission column 402 together form a U-shaped transmission frame. The transmission rods 4 are located in the radial direction, the connecting rods 401 are located in the axial direction, and the transmission column 402 is located at the outer end of the transmission rods 4 and is perpendicular to the transmission rods 4. A positioning ring 6 is rotatably connected on the outer circumference between the buckle 1 and the clamping ring 2. The positioning ring 6 is sleeved on the outside of the docking ring 5 and can rotate freely in the annular space between the buckle 1 and the clamping ring 2 around the axis of the hollow collar. Multiple strip-shaped movable grooves 601 are opened on the outer end face of the positioning ring 6. The number of movable grooves 601 is the same as the number of transmission rods 4 and corresponds one-to-one. Each movable groove 601 extends along the circumference of the positioning ring 6. A positioning cover 602 is also fixed on the outer wall of the positioning ring 6. The positioning cover 602 covers the outside of all movable grooves 601 and is used to provide limiting protection for the movable parts in the movable grooves 601. A transmission column 402 is fixed at the outer end of the transmission rod 4. The transmission column 402 extends radially along the transmission rod 4, passes through the positioning cover 602, and extends into the movable groove 601. The transmission column 402 and the movable groove 601 are in sliding fit. When the positioning ring 6 rotates, the transmission column 402 is driven by the groove wall of the movable groove 601 and rotates together with the positioning ring 6 around the axis of the hollow collar. Since the transmission column 402 is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 4, the transmission rod 4 also rotates around the axis of the hollow collar. That is, the entire transmission rod 4 makes a circular sweeping motion on the outer circumferential surface of the hollow collar.

[0031] A locking spring 403 is fitted at one end of the transmission column 402 located in the movable groove 601. The two ends of the locking spring 403 abut against the positioning cover 602 and the end of the transmission column 402, respectively. The locking spring 403 applies a thrust to the transmission column 402 toward the hollow collar, so that the transmission column 402 always has a tendency to move toward the center of the hollow collar. This thrust is transmitted to the connecting rod 401 at its inner end via the transmission rod 4, so that the connecting rod 401 also has a tendency to move toward the center of the hollow collar.

[0032] In the initial installation state, the hollow collar is fitted around the outside of the plum blossom contact. The connecting rods 401 of each transmission rod 4 are located in the circumferential space outside the contact finger 301, and have not yet been inserted into the gap of the contact finger 301. At this time, the positioning ring 6 is rotated, and the positioning ring 6 rotates around the axis of the hollow collar. Each transmission rod 402 rotates together with the positioning ring 6, thereby driving each transmission rod 4 to sweep across the circumferential direction outside the contact. When the connecting rod 401 of a certain transmission rod 4 sweeps to the gap position between two adjacent contact fingers 301 during the rotation, the connecting rod 401 automatically moves towards the center of the hollow collar under the thrust of the locking spring 403 and is engaged in the gap of the contact finger 301. At this time, the conical head 405 at the outer end of the transmission rod 4 moves synchronously into the hollow collar with the radial movement of the connecting rod 401. The outer circumferential surface of the conical head 405 fits against the hole wall of the mating interface 501 on the mating ring 5, realizing the alignment and engagement of the conical head 405 and the mating interface 501.

[0033] If the connecting rod 401 of a certain transmission rod 4 has not yet swept to the gap position of the contact finger 301, the thrust of the locking spring 403 is balanced by the obstruction of the outer circumference of the connecting rod 401 and the contact finger 301. The connecting rod 401 cannot move further towards the center of the hollow collar, and the conical head 405 cannot be aligned with the interface 501. It is only necessary to continue rotating the positioning ring 6 to make the transmission rod 4 continue to sweep in the circumferential direction until all the connecting rods 401 of the transmission rod 4 find their corresponding gaps of the contact finger 301 and are engaged. Since the radial movement of each connecting rod 401 of the transmission rod 4 is restricted after it is inserted into the gap of the contact finger 301, at this time each transmission rod 4... The conical heads 405 of rod 4 are all aligned and engaged with their corresponding interfaces 501. The hollow collar and the plum blossom contact form circumferential positioning and radial locking. At this time, the thrust of the locking spring 403 on the conical head 405 is borne by the hole wall of the interface 501. The entire installation process is completed. Thus, the hollow collar drives the transmission rod 4 to sweep in the circumferential direction through the rotation of the positioning ring 6. The thrust of the locking spring 403 causes the connecting rod 401 to automatically engage when it reaches the gap of the contact finger 301. The engagement of the conical head 405 with the interface 501 achieves positioning feedback, completing the tool-free quick installation of the sensor.

[0034] A transmission plate 404 is fixed in the middle section of the transmission column 402 within the movable groove 601. The transmission plate 404 is disc-shaped, and its diameter is larger than the width of the groove opening of the movable groove 601. The transmission plate 404 is attached to the outer wall of the positioning ring 6 and moves together with the transmission column 402. When the transmission column 402 moves into the hollow collar under the push of the locking spring 403, the transmission plate 404 is always attached to the outer wall of the positioning ring 6, guiding and limiting the movement direction of the transmission column 402. When the transmission column 402 moves to the limit position, the transmission plate 404 abuts against the edge of the groove opening of the movable groove 601, preventing the transmission column 402 from moving further into the hollow collar, thereby avoiding the conical head 405 from being over-inserted into the interface 501 and getting stuck.

[0035] A locking spring 403 is fitted at the middle end of the transmission column 402. The two ends of the locking spring 403 abut against the inner wall of the positioning cover 602 and the outer surface of the transmission plate 404, respectively. When the locking spring 403 is compressed, it applies a spring force to the transmission plate 404 towards the hollow collar. This spring force is transmitted through the transmission plate 404 to the transmission column 402, and then to the connecting rod 401 of the transmission rod 4, causing the connecting rod 401 to always tend towards the center of the hollow collar. When the connecting rod 401 of the transmission rod 4 reaches the gap position of the contact finger 301 during its circumferential sweep, the spring force of the locking spring 403 automatically pushes the connecting rod 401 into the gap. After the connecting rod 401 is engaged in the gap, the locking spring 403 continues to apply a pushing force, ensuring that the connecting rod 401 remains tightly pressed against the two side walls of the gap between the contact fingers 301, forming a stable pressing state.

[0036] To prevent the locking spring 403 from tilting or radially dislodging during long-term compression, multiple strip-shaped positioning grooves 602a are provided on the outer wall of the positioning cover 602. The positioning grooves 602a correspond one-to-one with the positions of the movable grooves 601. The width of the groove opening of the positioning groove 602a is smaller than the inner diameter of the locking spring 403. The inner ring of the locking spring 403 is fitted around the outer circumference of the transmission column 402, and its outer ring is in contact with the groove wall of the positioning groove 602a. When the transmission column 402 moves, the groove wall of the positioning groove 602a limits the outer ring of the locking spring 403, so that the locking spring 403 is always compressed and extended along the axial direction of the transmission column 402, avoiding the spring from tilting or radially displacing.

[0037] A guide sleeve 407 is slidably disposed within the movable groove 601. The guide sleeve 407 is cylindrical, with its inner wall slidingly engaging with the outer circumference of the transmission column 402 and its outer wall slidingly engaging with the inner wall of the movable groove 601. Washers 407a are provided at both ends of the guide sleeve 407, and the washers 407a are fitted against the inner wall of the positioning ring 6 and the end of the movable groove 601. The guide sleeve 407 and the washers 407a together convert the sliding friction between the transmission column 402 and the movable groove 601 into friction between the guide sleeve 407 and the movable groove 601. Rolling friction, while washer 407a limits the two ends of guide sleeve 407, so that guide sleeve 407 is always in movable groove 601, preventing guide sleeve 407 from coming off the end of movable groove 601 during the reciprocating movement of transmission column 402. Guide sleeve 407 guides the movement direction of transmission column 402, ensuring that transmission column 402 always moves along the groove length direction of movable groove 601 without large deflection, thereby ensuring that the movement trajectory of conical head 405 in interface 501 is stable and does not deviate.

[0038] An annular groove 103 is provided on the outer wall of the buckle 1. The annular groove 103 extends along the circumference of the buckle 1 and is located in the middle area of ​​the outer wall of the buckle 1. A retaining plate 104 is slidably connected in the annular groove 103. The retaining plate 104 is an annular sheet structure. Its inner edge is embedded in the groove 103 and can slide freely along the circumference of the groove 103. A wavy annular plate 105 is fixed on the outer periphery of the retaining plate 104. The annular plate 105 is also annular, and its outer periphery is wavy, forming a lifting section 105a and a clearance section 105b that are alternately distributed along the circumference. The lifting section 105a is a raised area on the outer circumference of the annular plate 105 that is far from the center of the annular plate 105, meaning that the outer diameter of this section is relatively large; the clearance section 105b is a recessed area on the outer circumference of the annular plate 105 that is close to the center of the annular plate 105, meaning that the outer diameter of this section is relatively small. The lifting section 105a and the clearance section 105b are staggered along the circumferential direction, and their number is consistent with the number of transmission rods 4 and they correspond one-to-one.

[0039] Under normal installation and working conditions of the sensor, the clearance section 105b of the annular plate 105 corresponds to the position of each transmission rod 4, that is, each transmission rod 4 is located in the outer peripheral area where the clearance section 105b is located. The outer diameter of the clearance section 105b is small, leaving enough gap between it and the outer surface of the transmission rod 4, so as not to exert a squeezing effect on the transmission rod 4. At this time, each transmission rod 4 is kept in the locked state under the thrust of the locking spring 403, that is, the connecting rod 401 is inserted into the gap of the contact finger 301, the conical head 405 is engaged with the interface 501, and the locking spring 403 applies force normally.

[0040] When the sensor needs to be disassembled, the operator moves the locking plate 104, causing it to slide within the annular groove 103. This causes the annular plate 105 to rotate around the hollow collar axis. As the annular plate 105 rotates, each lifting section 105a gradually moves to the position corresponding to each transmission rod 4. The outer diameter of the lifting section 105a is larger than the outer diameter of the clearance section 105b. Therefore, when the lifting section 105a reaches the position of the transmission rod 4, its outer circumferential surface is in contact with the outer surface of the transmission rod 4, applying a compressive force to the transmission rod 4 in the direction of the hollow collar. This compressive force is transmitted radially outward along the transmission rod 4, pushing the transmission column 402 to overcome the elastic force of the locking spring 403 and move outward of the hollow collar. When the transmission column 402 moves outward of the hollow collar, the transmission column 402... The transmission rod 4 moves outward from the hollow collar as a whole. The connecting rod 401 at the inner end of the transmission rod 4 exits from the gap of the contact finger 301. At the same time, the conical head 405 at the outer end of the transmission rod 4 moves outward from the hollow collar along with the transmission column 402. During the movement of the conical head 405 outward from the hollow collar, the engagement state between the conical head 405 and the interface 501 is released. The outer circumferential surface of the conical head 405 disengages from the hole wall of the interface 501. The mating groove 406 at the end of the conical head 405 then separates from the contact spring 302, releasing the tension of the contact spring 302 on the conical head 405. At this time, the connecting rod 401 of each transmission rod 4 exits from the gap of its corresponding contact finger 301 at the same time, and each conical head 405 separates from its corresponding contact spring 302 at the same time.

[0041] Since multiple lifting sections 105a and multiple clearance sections 105b are staggered along the circumference of the annular plate 105, when the annular plate 105 rotates to a certain position, the contact position between the lifting section 105a and the transmission rod 4 and the contact position between the clearance section 105b and the transmission rod 4 determine the distance of each transmission rod 4 relative to the center of the hollow collar. By controlling the rotation angle of the annular plate 105, multiple sets of lifting sections 105a can be used to simultaneously squeeze multiple transmission rods 4 outward, so that the connecting rods 401 of each transmission rod 4 can be synchronously withdrawn to the outside of the hollow collar, thereby achieving rapid and synchronous disengagement of all transmission rods 4.

[0042] At this point, the operator rotates the annular plate 105 by moving the locking plate 104. Simultaneously, the lifting section 105a pushes all the transmission rods 4 outwards, compressing the locking spring 403. This separates the conical head 405 from the contact spring 302, and the connecting rod 401 exits from the gap between the contact fingers 301. The sensor as a whole is released from the locked state of the sprite contact and can be removed axially from the sprite contact. This quick-release mechanism enables one-click disassembly and assembly of the sensor, simplifying the maintenance process. During installation, only simultaneous rotation of the annular plate 105 and the positioning ring 6 is required to avoid the influence of the annular plate 105 on the transmission rods 4.

[0043] A high-voltage switchgear plum blossom contact online monitoring and analysis system includes: a high-voltage switchgear plum blossom contact online monitoring sensor, which obtains electrical energy from the switchgear busbar through passive induction power extraction and stores it in an internal energy storage unit for powering itself; A data acquisition device is connected to the sensor via wireless communication and is used to receive monitoring data sent by the sensor. The back-end terminal is connected to the data acquisition device via wired communication. It is used to receive and display the monitoring data transmitted by the data acquisition device, as well as to analyze and issue early warnings based on the monitoring data. The sensors include a temperature sensor 110, a pressure sensor 109, and a depth sensor 108, which are used to collect the temperature signal of the plum blossom contact, the clamping force signal of the contact spring 302, and the insertion depth signal when the stationary contact is inserted into the moving contact assembly, respectively. The control board of the sensors converts the collected temperature, clamping force, and insertion depth signals into analog and digital signals and processes the data before sending them wirelessly to the data acquisition device. The data acquisition device then transmits the received data to the back-end terminal via a wired connection, where the back-end terminal performs comprehensive analysis and status judgment.

[0044] A method for online monitoring and analysis of high-voltage switchgear stud contacts based on the above monitoring and analysis system includes the following steps: a. The sensor obtains electrical energy from the switch cabinet busbar through passive induction power supply to charge the internal energy storage unit and complete the power-on initialization. b. The sensor control board controls the temperature sensor 110, pressure sensor 109 and depth sensor 108 respectively, and synchronously collects the temperature signal of the plum blossom contact, the clamping force signal of the contact spring 302 and the insertion depth signal when the stationary contact is inserted into the moving contact assembly. c. The control motherboard receives the collected temperature, clamping force and insertion depth signals, and after analog-to-digital conversion and data processing, sends them to the data acquisition device via wireless communication. d. The data acquisition device queries the wireless communication module in real time to determine whether it has received data sent by the sensor. If it has received the data, it stores the received data and continues to query. If it has not received the data, it continues to query until the data is received. e. The back-end terminal connects to the data acquisition device via wired communication and queries in real time whether the data acquisition device has stored new data. If new data exists, the back-end terminal reads the data and performs a comprehensive analysis and status judgment on the data in three dimensions: temperature, clamping force, and insertion depth. If no new data exists, the back-end terminal continues to query. f. If the background terminal determines that the plum blossom contactor is in an abnormal state based on the analysis results of step S5, it will output an early warning signal and save the analysis results and early warning information to the background database.

[0045] The rotation of the positioning ring 6 drives the transmission rod 4 to revolve around the hollow collar axis and sweep across the outer circumference of the contact finger 301. The continuous thrust of the locking spring 403 causes the connecting rod 401 of the transmission rod 4 to automatically engage when it sweeps to the gap of the contact finger 301. At the same time, the conical head 405 and the interface 501 automatically align and engage to form installation feedback. This breaks through the limitation of traditional sensors that require individual adjustment of the locking position for different contact specifications. Only by rotating the positioning ring 6 can all the transmission rods 4 find the corresponding gap of the contact finger 301 and automatically engage. There is no need for individual alignment, measurement, or special tools. This achieves adaptive installation of staggered contacts with different diameters and different numbers of contact fingers 301, reducing the difficulty of on-site installation and the cost of spare parts management. The guide sleeve 407 and the washers 407a at both ends, which are slidably disposed in the movable groove 601, guide the movement direction of the transmission column 402, so that the transmission column 402 always moves along the groove length of the movable groove 601 without radial deflection during the reciprocating rotation. This ensures that the movement trajectory of the conical head 405 in the interface 501 is stable and does not deviate, thus avoiding jamming or alignment failure caused by movement deviation. During installation, the positioning ring 6 needs to be repeatedly rotated forward and backward to find the optimal insertion position of each transmission rod 4. The elastic positioning head 606 set on the inner wall of both ends of the movable groove 601 can be compressed or extended when the transmission column 402 moves in the opposite direction, providing additional mobility redundancy so that the transmission column 402 will not get stuck due to locking during forward and reverse rotation. This ensures that the transmission rod 4 can always move smoothly forward and backward during the rotation sweeping process, improving the fault tolerance and smoothness of the installation operation. The wavy annular plate 105 on the outer wall of the buckle 1 rotates to cause its lifting section 105a to press the transmission rod 4 outward, compressing the locking spring 403 to separate the conical head 405 from the contact spring 302, and the connecting rod 401 to exit from the gap of the contact finger 301. This achieves the disengagement of multiple transmission rods 4 with one action, and the sensor can be quickly disassembled without one operation at a time, which shortens the maintenance time and reduces the workload of the operators. Temperature sensor 110, pressure sensor 109 and depth sensor 108 are integrated on the hollow collar to monitor the temperature of the plum blossom contact, the clamping force of the contact spring 302 and the insertion depth of the stationary contact in real time. This enables a deep perception of the contact's operating status. The three types of data corroborate each other, effectively avoiding misjudgment based on a single indicator and providing a complete data foundation for comprehensive analysis in the background. The passive inductive power extraction technology obtains electrical energy from the switch cabinet bus and stores it in the internal energy storage unit. No external power supply or wiring is required, which avoids the risk of monitoring interruption caused by power line aging, breakage or poor contact. At the same time, the installation location is not limited by the power interface, realizing ready-to-use and maintenance-free operation. The sensor wirelessly transmits the collected temperature, clamping force, and insertion depth data to the data acquisition device, and then transmits them via wired connection to the back-end terminal for comprehensive analysis and early warning. This enables remote centralized monitoring of the operating status of the switchgear's plum blossom contacts, allowing key operating parameters to be grasped without manual inspection, and significantly improving maintenance efficiency and fault early warning capabilities.

[0046] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-voltage switchgear online monitoring sensor for sprite contacts, comprising a sprite contact consisting of two contact rings (3) and a plurality of contact fingers (301) arranged on its outer circumference, and a plurality of contact springs (302) sleeved on the outside of the sprite contact, characterized in that: It also includes a buckle (1), a clamp (2) and a transmission rod (4). The buckle (1) and the clamp (2) are fixedly connected by a docking ring (5) to form a hollow collar and are sleeved on the outside of the plum blossom contact. The transmission rod (4) consists of multiple rods distributed around the hollow collar. One end of the transmission rod (4) passes through the docking ring (5) to connect to the contact spring (302), and the other end of the transmission rod (4) passes through the buckle (1) and is located between the contact fingers (301). A positioning ring (6) is rotatably connected to the outer circumference of the buckle (1) and the clamping ring (2). The outer end of the positioning ring (6) is provided with multiple strip-shaped movable grooves (601) corresponding to the transmission rod (4). A positioning cover (602) covering the movable grooves (601) is fixed on the outer wall of the positioning ring (6). A transmission column (402) penetrating the positioning cover (602) and the hollow collar is fixed at the end of the transmission rod (4). The outer circumference of the docking ring (5) is provided with multiple docking interfaces (501). The transmission column (402) has a conical head (405) that passes through the interface (501) at its end. The end of the conical head (405) has a mating groove (406) to connect to the contact spring (302). The positioning ring (6) drives the transmission column (402) to move through the movable groove (601) so that the conical head (405) squeezes the interface (501) and the interface (501) guides the conical head (405) to move to separate from the contact spring (302) and adjust its position.

2. The online monitoring sensor for the plum blossom contact of a high-voltage switchgear according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission plate (404) is fixed in the middle section of the transmission column (402) and fits against the outer wall of the positioning ring (6). The middle end of the transmission column (402) is fitted with a locking spring (403) with its two ends abutting against the positioning cover (602) and the positioning ring (6) respectively. The locking spring (403) squeezes the transmission plate (404) and squeezes the transmission column (402) to move into the hollow collar. The diameter of the transmission plate (404) is greater than the width of the slot (601).

3. The online monitoring sensor for the plum blossom contact of a high-voltage switchgear according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable groove (601) is slidably provided with a guide sleeve (407) adapted to the transmission column (402). The guide sleeve (407) is slidably connected to the movable groove (601), and the two ends of the guide sleeve (407) are respectively provided with washers (407a) that fit the positioning ring (6). The guide sleeve (407) is kept in the movable groove (601) by the washers (407a), and the guide sleeve (407) is limited by the washers (407a) to make the angle of the guide sleeve (407) stable.

4. The online monitoring sensor for high-voltage switchgear sprite contacts according to claim 3, characterized in that: A connecting rod (401) is fixed to the end of the transmission rod (4) away from the transmission column (402). The connecting rod (401), the transmission rod (4), and the transmission column (402) form a U-shaped transmission frame. The outer circumference of the buckle (1) is provided with multiple strip slots (102) corresponding to the number of transmission rods (4). The connecting rod (401) passes through the slots (102) to enter between adjacent contact fingers (301). The end of the connecting rod (401) extends toward the center of the hollow collar. The extension head (401a) is perpendicular to the body of the connecting rod (401) to increase the contact area between the connecting rod (401) and the finger (301). The end of the buckle (1) is provided with multiple strip-shaped observation grooves (101) corresponding to the transmission rod (4). The relative position of the connecting rod (401) and the finger (301) can be observed through the observation grooves (101). The center of the end of the buckle (1) is also provided with a through groove (107) that passes through the buckle (1).

5. The online monitoring sensor for the plum blossom contact of a high-voltage switchgear according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the positioning cover (602) is provided with a strip-shaped positioning groove (602a) for accommodating the transmission column (402) through which it moves. The positioning groove (602a) corresponds to the movable groove (601), and the width of the opening of the positioning groove (602a) is smaller than the inner diameter of the locking spring (403) to limit the locking spring (403).

6. The online monitoring sensor for the plum blossom contact of a high-voltage switchgear according to claim 5, characterized in that: Positioning blocks (603) are fixed to the inner walls of both ends of the movable groove (601). One side of the positioning block (603) is fixed to the end of the positioning groove (602a), and a positioning cylinder (604) is fixed to the side of the positioning block (603) facing the transmission column (402). The positioning column (607) is slidably connected inside the positioning cylinder (604). A positioning head (606) is fixed to the end of the positioning column (607). The positioning head (606) is made of elastic material, and the positioning ring (6) is driven by the transmission column (402) through the positioning head (606) when it rotates. A positioning spring (605) is sleeved in the middle section of the positioning column (607). The two ends of the positioning spring (605) abut against the positioning head (606) and the positioning cylinder (604) respectively. A positioning plate (607a) with a diameter smaller than the opening of the positioning cylinder (604) is fixed to the end of the positioning column (607) located in the positioning cylinder (604) to limit the maximum movement distance of the positioning column (607).

7. The online monitoring sensor for the plum blossom contact of a high-voltage switchgear according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the buckle (1) is provided with an annular groove (103). A retaining plate (104) is slidably connected in the groove (103). A wave-shaped annular plate (105) is fixed on the outer circumference of the retaining plate (104). The section of the outer circumference of the annular plate (105) away from the center of the annular plate (105) is the lifting section (105a). The section of the annular plate (105) close to the center of the annular plate (105) is the clearance section (105b). The lifting section (105a) and the clearance section (105b) are staggered and the number is the same as that of the transmission rod (4). The rotation of the annular plate (105) causes multiple lifting sections (105a) to come into contact with the transmission rod (4) and squeeze the transmission rod (4) to move and squeeze the locking spring (403). The conical head (405) is separated from the contact spring (302) to quickly separate multiple transmission rods (4) from the plum blossom contact.

8. The online monitoring sensor for the plum blossom contact of a high-voltage switchgear according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the clamping ring (2) is provided with a second connecting groove (201), and the outer wall of the buckle (1) is provided with a first connecting groove (106). The two sides of the positioning ring (6) are slidably connected to the first connecting groove (106) and the second connecting groove (201) respectively. A depth sensor (108) is fixed on the outer wall of the end of the buckle (1), a temperature sensor (110) is fixed on the inner wall of the buckle (1), and a pressure sensor (109) that fits the plum blossom contact is fixed on the inner wall of the end of the buckle (1) near the edge of the through groove (107).

9. An online monitoring and analysis system for plum blossom contacts in high-voltage switchgear, characterized in that, include: The online monitoring sensor for the plum blossom contact of the high-voltage switchgear as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the sensor obtains electrical energy from the switchgear busbar through a passive inductive power extraction method and stores it in an internal energy storage unit for powering itself; A data acquisition device is connected to the sensor via wireless communication and is used to receive monitoring data sent by the sensor. A back-end terminal is connected to the data acquisition device via wired communication. It is used to receive and display the monitoring data transmitted by the data acquisition device, as well as to analyze and issue early warnings based on the monitoring data. The sensors include a temperature sensor (110), a pressure sensor (109), and a depth sensor (108), which are used to collect the temperature signal of the plum blossom contact, the clamping force signal of the contact spring (302), and the insertion depth signal when the stationary contact is inserted into the moving contact assembly, respectively. The control board of the sensors converts the collected temperature, clamping force, and insertion depth signals into analog and digital signals and processes the data, and then sends them to the data acquisition device wirelessly. The data acquisition device transmits the received data to the back-end terminal via wired connection, and the back-end terminal performs comprehensive analysis and status judgment.

10. A method for online monitoring and analysis of the perforated contacts of a high-voltage switchgear based on the system described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a. The sensor obtains electrical energy from the switch cabinet busbar through a passive inductive power supply method to charge the internal energy storage unit and complete the power-on initialization. b. The control board of the sensor controls the temperature sensor (110), pressure sensor (109) and depth sensor (108) respectively, and synchronously collects the temperature signal of the plum blossom contact, the clamping force signal of the contact spring (302) and the insertion depth signal when the stationary contact is inserted into the moving contact assembly; c. The control motherboard receives the collected temperature, clamping force and insertion depth signals, and after analog-to-digital conversion and data processing, sends them to the data acquisition device via wireless communication. d. The data acquisition device queries the wireless communication module in real time to determine whether it has received the data sent by the sensor. If it has received the data, it stores the received data and continues to query. If it has not received the data, it continues to query until the data is received. e. The background terminal is connected to the data acquisition device via wired communication and queries the data acquisition device in real time to see if there is new data. If there is new data, the background terminal reads the data and performs a comprehensive analysis and status judgment on the data of the three dimensions of temperature, clamping force and insertion depth. If there is no new data, the background terminal continues to query. f. If the background terminal determines that the plum blossom contactor is in an abnormal state based on the analysis results, it will output an early warning signal and save the analysis results and early warning information to the background database.

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