A high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method and system based on channel state perception

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of digital information transmission, and discloses a high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method and system based on channel state sensing, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving a signal from a physical layer to extract channel interference persistence characteristics; combining a to-be-transmitted message to generate a dynamic time delay resource request set; adopting Kalman prediction and opportunity cost joint scheduling to form a resource scheduling scheme containing a dynamic transmission urgency factor; establishing a preemption type protection window according to the factor to form a final scheduling decision; encapsulating scheduling information into a downlink broadcast frame and sending the downlink broadcast frame along a broadcast tree, each slave node sending a message according to the downlink broadcast frame and executing no-acknowledgement redundant copy transmission on a specified message to obtain a data sending result; and the application integrates channel sensing, time limit evaluation, resource prediction, urgent preemption and redundant sending, realizes real-time response of scheduling to a channel state, improves transmission certainty of a protection message, and controls time delay jitter within 2 milliseconds.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of digital information transmission technology, and in particular to a high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method and system based on channel state awareness. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in smart power distribution automation scenarios, services with different priorities and latency requirements, such as meter readings, sensor telemetry information, and relay protection control commands, often share the same power line carrier channel for converged transmission. Existing technologies typically employ static scheduling strategies based on time-division multiple access or fixed-priority queuing mechanisms. These strategies pre-allocate periodic transmission time slots for various services and allocate channel resources sequentially according to message arrival order and preset service categories. The processing path primarily relies on the static configuration table of the media access control layer. The scheduler only arbitrates resources based on the fixed priority of the service type, rarely or completely disregarding real-time changes in the physical channel's state. While this allows for maintaining a basic service level under stable channel conditions, it lacks effective adaptive adjustment capabilities in the event of dynamic load changes or sudden interference.

[0003] For example, when strong random impulse noise is generated on power lines due to the switching of high-power converters, the start-up and shutdown of frequency converters, or the operation of nonlinear loads, or when narrowband interference is continuously injected by nearby equipment, the transmission time slots originally allocated to protection control messages may encounter deep channel fading or sudden interference. In this situation, because the scheduling strategy lacks the ability to perceive the time-varying characteristics of impulse noise and narrowband interference in real time, affected emergency messages will be repeatedly retransmitted at the lower layers or lost directly, triggering the timeout retransmission mechanism of the upper-layer protocol. This results in random queuing delays of tens or even hundreds of milliseconds for protection control messages. This severe fluctuation in transmission delay makes it impossible for critical tasks such as relay protection and fast feeder automation to meet the 2-millisecond end-to-end deterministic delay requirements, seriously threatening the reliable operation of the smart grid.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a scheduling method that can accurately capture the persistent characteristics of channel interference, dynamically assess the survivability of each service message under adverse channel conditions, and adaptively adjust transmission timing and physical layer parameters based on real-time urgency. In power line channels where impulse noise and narrowband interference are difficult to avoid, this method should be able to reliably reserve or preempt transmission resources for high-priority control messages by sensing instantaneous changes in channel state, thereby strictly controlling the transmission delay jitter of protection control messages to within 2 milliseconds, significantly improving the determinism and availability of power line carrier communication in critical tasks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the present invention aims to propose a high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness. This method addresses the technical problem that existing fixed scheduling strategies fail to perceive the time-varying characteristics of impulse noise and narrowband interference, particularly under the conditions of multiple services coexisting in smart grids and dynamic channel changes with load, thus failing to meet the 2-millisecond delay jitter requirement for protection control messages.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness.

[0007] The channel state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method includes: Step S10: Obtain the physical layer received signal, and based on the physical layer received signal, perform the channel interference persistence characterization task using the time domain anomaly detection and frequency domain interference identification mechanism, and output the channel interference persistence characteristics; Step S20: Obtain the message to be transmitted, and perform time limit evaluation and resource request generation tasks on the message to be transmitted using a dynamic delay marking mechanism driven by the remaining delay margin based on the channel interference persistence characteristics, and output a dynamic delay resource request set. Step S30: Based on the dynamic latency resource request set, the Kalman prediction and opportunity cost joint scheduling mechanism is used to perform transmission resource status prediction and resource allocation tasks, and output a resource scheduling scheme containing a dynamic transmission urgency factor. Step S40: Based on the resource scheduling scheme, an emergency message transmission protection task is executed using a preemptive protection window mechanism, and the final scheduling decision is output; Step S50: Based on the final scheduling decision, the data transmission task is executed using a broadcast tree encapsulation and unacknowledged redundant copy transmission mechanism, and the data transmission result is output.

[0008] Preferably, step S10, which involves acquiring the physical layer received signal, performing a channel interference persistence characterization task based on the physical layer received signal using a time-domain anomaly detection and frequency-domain interference identification mechanism, and outputting the channel interference persistence characteristics, specifically includes: Step S101: Sample the physical layer received signal in each sensing cycle and set a sliding statistical window for the sampled signal power sequence; calculate the median and median absolute deviation of the signal power within the sliding statistical window, use the median as the noise reference power, use the product of the preset Hamper scale coefficient and the median absolute deviation as the pulse power bias, and determine the sum of the noise reference power and the pulse power bias as the impulse noise judgment threshold; identify continuous sampling intervals where the signal power exceeds the impulse noise judgment threshold and subsequently falls below the impulse noise judgment threshold as impulse noise events, and record the start time, peak power, and duration of the impulse noise event; Step S102: Count the number of impulse noise events identified within the preset observation window, determine the ratio of the number of impulse noise events to the time length of the preset observation window as the impulse noise arrival rate, and determine the average duration of each impulse noise event within the preset observation window as the average duration of the impulse noise. Step S103: Divide each sensing period into multiple consecutive sensing frames, perform Fast Fourier Transform on the physical layer received signals in each of the multiple consecutive sensing frames to obtain the interference power of each subcarrier in each consecutive sensing frame; mark subcarriers with interference power greater than a preset narrowband interference power threshold as interfered subcarriers, determine the ratio of the number of sensing frames in which each subcarrier is marked as an interfered subcarrier to the total number of consecutive sensing frames as the corresponding interference persistence index, and determine subcarriers with interference persistence index greater than the preset interference persistence threshold as narrowband interference subcarriers; determine the proportion of narrowband interference subcarriers based on the ratio of the number of narrowband interference subcarriers to the total number of subcarriers, and combine the impulse noise arrival rate, the average duration of the impulse noise, the interference power corresponding to each subcarrier, the interference persistence index, and the proportion of narrowband interference subcarriers as the channel interference persistence feature.

[0009] Preferably, step S20, which involves acquiring the message to be transmitted, performing time limit assessment and resource request generation tasks on the message to be transmitted using a dynamic delay marking mechanism driven by the remaining delay margin based on the channel interference persistence characteristics, and outputting a dynamic delay resource request set, specifically includes: Step S201: According to the latency tolerance level corresponding to the transmission service to which the message to be transmitted belongs, divide the message to be transmitted into emergency protection messages, real-time monitoring messages, and background data messages, and mark the emergency protection messages, real-time monitoring messages, and background data messages as C1 messages, C2 messages, and C3 messages respectively; configure a first preset maximum allowable latency and a first preset priority value for the C1 messages, configure a second preset maximum allowable latency and a second preset priority value for the C2 messages, and configure a third preset priority value for the C3 messages; Step S202: When the C1 type message or the C2 type message enters the transmission queue, the impulse noise arrival rate and the average duration of the impulse noise are read from the channel interference persistence characteristics. The current channel interference risk is determined based on the impulse noise arrival rate and the average duration of the impulse noise. The preset maximum allowable delay corresponding to the corresponding message is dynamically adjusted based on the current channel interference risk to obtain the dynamic maximum allowable delay. Step S203: Read the arrival timestamp of each message to be transmitted; for the C1 and C2 messages, write the arrival timestamp, the corresponding dynamic maximum allowable delay, and the corresponding preset priority value into a dynamic delay tag, and associate the dynamic delay tag with the corresponding time-sensitive resource request; for the C3 message, associate the arrival timestamp and the third preset priority value with the corresponding background resource request; associate the channel interference persistence feature with the time-sensitive resource request and the background resource request respectively, and combine all the resource requests that have been associated into the dynamic delay resource request set.

[0010] Preferably, in step S202, the current channel interference risk is determined based on the impulse noise arrival rate and the average duration of the impulse noise, and the preset maximum allowable delay corresponding to the corresponding message is dynamically adjusted based on the current channel interference risk, specifically including: Calculate the product of the impulse noise arrival rate and the average duration of the impulse noise, and determine the calculated product as an indicator of the impulse noise occupancy level; The impulse noise occupancy index is compared with a preset channel risk threshold. When the impulse noise occupancy index is greater than the preset channel risk threshold, the first preset maximum allowable delay is adjusted from 2 milliseconds to 1.5 milliseconds, the second preset maximum allowable delay is adjusted from 10 milliseconds to 8 milliseconds, and the adjusted 1.5 milliseconds and 8 milliseconds are respectively determined as the dynamic maximum allowable delays corresponding to the C1 type message and the C2 type message; When the impulse noise occupancy index is less than or equal to the preset channel risk threshold, the first preset maximum allowable delay and the second preset maximum allowable delay are respectively determined as the dynamic maximum allowable delay corresponding to the C1 class message and the C2 class message.

[0011] Preferably, step S30, which involves using a Kalman prediction and opportunity cost joint scheduling mechanism based on the dynamic latency resource request set to perform transmission resource status prediction and resource allocation tasks, and outputting a resource scheduling scheme containing a dynamic transmission urgency factor, specifically includes: Step S301: Read the channel interference persistence characteristics from the dynamic delay resource request set, and for future continuous... For each scheduling time slot and each candidate resource block, the Kalman prediction method is used to predict the probability of impulse noise occurrence, the average duration of impulse noise, the proportion of narrowband-interferenced subcarriers corresponding to each candidate resource block, and the predicted signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for each scheduling time slot. The scheduling time slots are then calculated based on the prediction results using the following formula. Internal candidate resource blocks Corresponding interference risk indicators:

[0012] The scheduling slot is calculated according to the interference risk index using the following formula. The candidate resource blocks described inside Corresponding available transmission capacity indicators:

[0013] Step S302: Read the dynamic delay tags corresponding to each C1 class message and each C2 class message from the dynamic delay resource request set; determine the corresponding cumulative waiting time based on the message arrival timestamp and current scheduling time in the dynamic delay tags; predict the delay jitter value based on the waiting time change sequence of the corresponding message in the sending queue; calculate the message's dynamic maximum allowable delay, cumulative waiting time, delay jitter value, and preset priority value according to the following formula. At the current scheduling time The corresponding dynamic transmission urgency factor:

[0014] Step S303: For each combination of C1 and C2 class packets, each scheduling slot and each candidate resource block, calculate the scheduling score according to the corresponding dynamic transmission urgency factor, available transmission capacity index and predicted opportunity cost, using the following formula:

[0015] Under the resource mutual exclusion constraint that the same candidate resource block is allocated to only one message within the same scheduling time slot, scheduling time slots and candidate resource blocks are allocated to each C1 and C2 message according to the scheduling score from high to low; based on the available transmission capacity index corresponding to the unallocated scheduling time slots and candidate resource blocks, the remaining transmission resources are allocated to each C3 message from high to low, and the resource allocation results of each message and the dynamic transmission urgency factor corresponding to each C1 and C2 message are combined into the resource scheduling scheme; in, This represents the total number of scheduling slots involved in the prediction; Indicates the scheduling time slot number; Indicates a candidate resource block; Indicates the predicted scheduling slot Probability of internal impulse noise occurrence; Indicates the predicted scheduling slot Average duration of internal impulse noise; Indicates the predicted scheduling slot Internal candidate resource blocks The corresponding proportion of subcarriers subject to narrowband interference; Indicates the duration of a single scheduling slot; and This indicates that the preset non-negative normalized weights are used, and ; Indicates the risk of interference; Indicates candidate resource blocks bandwidth; Indicates the total available bandwidth for scheduling; Indicates the predicted scheduling slot Internal candidate resource blocks The corresponding signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio; This indicates the available transmission capacity. The message sequence number indicates whether it is a C1 or C2 message; Indicates the current scheduling time; Indicates message The corresponding dynamic maximum allowable latency; Indicates message At the current scheduling time The cumulative waiting time; Indicates message At the current scheduling time The predicted latency jitter value; This represents the minimum positive number that is preset. This indicates the preset latency sensitivity index; Indicates the preset priority enhancement coefficient; Indicates message The corresponding preset priority value; This indicates the dynamic transmission urgency factor; Indicates scheduling time slots Candidate resource blocks within Assigned to message The predicted loss of available transmission capacity caused by other unscheduled C1 and C2 type messages; This represents the preset opportunity cost penalty coefficient; The scheduling score is represented by the average duration of the impulse noise, the duration of a single scheduling slot, the dynamic maximum allowable delay, the cumulative waiting time, and the predicted delay jitter value, all using the same time dimension. and Using the same bandwidth dimension, all other formula parameters and calculation results are dimensionless quantities.

[0016] Preferably, step S40, which involves executing the emergency message transmission protection task based on the resource scheduling scheme using a preemptive protection window mechanism and outputting the final scheduling decision, specifically includes: Step S401: Monitor the dynamic transmission urgency factor corresponding to each C1 type message in the resource scheduling scheme in real time; when the dynamic transmission urgency factor corresponding to any C1 type message is greater than the preset urgency threshold, determine the corresponding C1 type message as the target urgent message, and establish a preemptive protection window from the current scheduling time according to the preset protection window length. Step S402: Release the transmission resources allocated to C2 or C3 packets within the preemptive protection window, determine the released transmission resources as dedicated transmission resources for the protection window, and allocate the dedicated transmission resources for the protection window to the target emergency packet; Step S403: Configure a preset protection modulation order, a preset protection coding redundancy, and an unacknowledged redundant transmission indication for the target emergency message, and combine the protection window dedicated transmission resources, the preset protection modulation order, the preset protection coding redundancy, the unacknowledged redundant transmission indication, and the resource allocation results that have not been released in the resource scheduling scheme into the final scheduling decision.

[0017] Preferably, step S50, which involves executing the data transmission task using a broadcast tree encapsulation and unacknowledged redundant copy transmission mechanism based on the final scheduling decision, and outputting the data transmission result, specifically includes: Step S501: Obtain the pre-established broadcast tree, and extract time slot allocation information, subcarrier allocation information, modulation order, coding redundancy, guard window indication information and unacknowledged redundant transmission indication from the final scheduling decision; encapsulate the extracted information into the scheduling control field of the downlink broadcast frame to generate the target downlink broadcast frame; Step S502: The target downlink broadcast frame is sent from the master node to each slave node according to the broadcast tree, and each slave node parses the time slot allocation information, subcarrier allocation information, modulation order, coding redundancy, guard window indication information and unacknowledged redundant transmission indication corresponding to its own node from the scheduling control field. Step S503: Each slave node sends the corresponding message according to the parsed time slot allocation information, subcarrier allocation information, modulation order and coding redundancy; for the message carrying the unacknowledged redundant transmission indication, after sending the corresponding original message, a redundant message copy is sent, and after sending the original message and the redundant message copy, without waiting for an acknowledgment, the message sending status of each slave node is combined into the data sending result.

[0018] The present invention also provides a high-speed power line carrier data transmission control system based on channel state awareness, comprising: The channel interference persistence feature extraction module is used to acquire the physical layer received signal, and based on the physical layer received signal, it performs the channel interference persistence characterization task using a time-domain anomaly detection and frequency-domain interference identification mechanism, and outputs the channel interference persistence feature. The dynamic delay marking and request generation module is used to obtain the message to be transmitted, and perform time limit evaluation and resource request generation tasks on the message to be transmitted using a dynamic delay marking mechanism driven by the remaining delay margin based on the channel interference persistence characteristics, and output a dynamic delay resource request set. The resource status prediction and allocation module is used to perform transmission resource status prediction and resource allocation tasks based on the dynamic latency resource request set using a Kalman prediction and opportunity cost joint scheduling mechanism, and output a resource scheduling scheme containing a dynamic transmission urgency factor. The protection window control module is used to execute emergency message transmission protection tasks based on the resource scheduling scheme using a preemptive protection window mechanism, and output the final scheduling decision. The broadcast and redundant transmission module is used to execute data transmission tasks using broadcast tree encapsulation and unacknowledged redundant copy transmission mechanism according to the final scheduling decision, and output the data transmission results.

[0019] The present invention also provides a channel state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control device, the channel state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control device comprising: a memory, a processor, and a channel state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the channel state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control program implements the above method when executed by the processor.

[0020] The present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product including a channel state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control program, which implements the above method when executed by a processor.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention forms channel interference persistence characteristics by using time-domain impulse noise detection and frequency-domain narrowband interference analysis, so that the judgment of channel status simultaneously reflects the frequency of interference occurrence, duration and range of influence, thereby reducing misjudgments caused by instantaneous noise floor fluctuations or single-frame anomalies and improving the accuracy of power line carrier channel status perception.

[0022] 2. This invention dynamically adjusts the maximum allowable delay of different types of messages based on the degree of channel interference, and allocates resources by combining the interference prediction results of candidate resource blocks, the dynamic transmission urgency of messages, and the predicted opportunity cost, so that time-sensitive messages can obtain more reliable transmission resources first, thereby reducing the risk of transmission timeout caused by the mismatch between resource allocation and actual channel conditions.

[0023] 3. When the urgency of the dynamic transmission of an emergency message exceeds a preset threshold, the present invention establishes a preemptive protection window and sends the original message and a redundant message copy using protection modulation, protection coding, and unacknowledged redundant transmission. This increases the chance of successful message decoding and eliminates the waiting time required for acknowledgment and temporary retransmission, thereby improving the timeliness and reliability of emergency message transmission under sudden interference. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a first embodiment of a high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0026] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1: As Figure 1 The diagram shown is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness according to the present invention.

[0028] In the first embodiment, the high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness includes: Step S10: Obtain the physical layer received signal, and based on the physical layer received signal, perform the channel interference persistence characterization task using the time domain anomaly detection and frequency domain interference identification mechanism, and output the channel interference persistence characteristics; The physical layer received signal refers to the time-domain sampled signal obtained by the high-speed power line carrier receiver after analog-to-digital conversion and before entering the service demodulation process, including the signal power and sampling time of each sampling point. Within each sensing period, the master node forms a signal power sequence according to a fixed sampling interval and sets a sliding statistical window on this sequence. For each window, the power values ​​within the window are first arranged in numerical order, with the power value at the center being the median. Then, the absolute value of the difference between each power value and the median is calculated, and the median of these absolute values ​​is taken as the median absolute deviation. The median is used to represent the noise reference power that varies slowly with the line load. The product of the median absolute deviation and the preset Hampel scaling factor is used to represent the pulse power bias. The sum of the two forms the pulse noise judgment threshold for the current window. An interval where the signal power continuously exceeds the threshold and then falls back below the threshold is registered as a pulse noise event, and the start time, peak power, and duration are recorded. The master node counts the number of events within a preset observation window and determines the impulse noise arrival rate (EMR) by the ratio of the number of events to the observation duration, and determines the average duration of the EMR by the average duration of each event. For frequency domain interference, the master node divides a sensing period into multiple consecutive sensing frames, performs a Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) on each frame, and obtains the interference power of each subcarrier frame by frame. Subcarriers whose interference power exceeds a preset narrowband interference power threshold are marked as interfered subcarriers. The proportion of times a subcarrier is marked in all consecutive sensing frames constitutes the interference persistence index of that subcarrier, and subcarriers exceeding the preset interference persistence threshold are identified as narrowband interference subcarriers. The EMR, average duration of the EMR, interference power of each subcarrier, interference persistence index of each subcarrier, and proportion of narrowband interference subcarriers together constitute the channel interference persistence characteristics, which are used by step S20 to assess the current channel interference risk and by step S30 to predict the available transmission capacity of candidate resource blocks.

[0029] The median within the sliding window is not easily inflated by a few high-power spikes, and the absolute deviation of the median can change the pulse power bias with the dispersion of the noise floor. Therefore, the decision threshold can follow the slow fluctuations of the line background noise while retaining the ability to identify short-term burst power. Continuous interval decision merges adjacent over-threshold sampling points into the same event, avoiding repeated counting of a continuous pulse; observation window statistics further convert scattered events into arrival rates and average durations with time meaning. On the frequency domain side, continuous sensing frames are used as statistical units, recording not only whether a subcarrier is currently interfered with, but also reflecting the degree to which this state is maintained within a sensing period. The channel interference persistence characteristics obtained in this way simultaneously cover the time-domain event density, event occupancy duration, and frequency-domain interference range, enabling subsequent time limit adjustments and resource prediction to use the same set of traceable observations.

[0030] Fixed power thresholds typically require a large margin for the worst-case noise floor. This can lead to missed detection of low-amplitude but persistent pulses under light line loads, while under heavy loads, the increased noise floor may be mistaken for pulse events. Relying solely on a single frame's spectrum to determine narrowband interference also fails to distinguish between sporadic spectral spikes and sustained cross-frame occupancy. The above processing updates the time-domain thresholds with robust statistics within the window and measures frequency-domain persistence by the number of disturbances in consecutive sensing frames. Therefore, the scheduler no longer needs to wait for message transmission failures to infer the channel state; instead, it can obtain an interference description corresponding to the current line state before resource requests and allocations.

[0031] Taking the scenario of starting up a frequency converter drive device in a power distribution room as an example, the master node obtains continuous power samples within an observation window. Several high-power spikes caused by device startup only account for a small portion of the window samples, and the median value within the window remains near the background noise. The median absolute deviation reflects the normal fluctuation of the noise floor during this period. Based on this, the master node identifies multiple complete threshold-exceeding intervals and records the duration of each event from exceeding the threshold to falling back down. Simultaneously, after performing a Fast Fourier Transform on consecutive sensing frames within the same sensing period, it is found that a group of adjacent subcarriers exceeds the narrowband interference power threshold in most sensing frames, and the interference persistence index of this group of subcarriers exceeds a preset threshold. The final output indicates that impulse noise occurs frequently in time and has a certain duration, and also indicates the frequency range of continuous interference. Step S20 can tighten the scheduling margin for time-sensitive messages based on this, while step S30 can reduce the evaluation of the available transmission capacity of the corresponding candidate resource blocks.

[0032] Step S20: Obtain the message to be transmitted, and perform time limit evaluation and resource request generation tasks on the message to be transmitted using a dynamic delay marking mechanism driven by the remaining delay margin based on the channel interference persistence characteristics, and output a dynamic delay resource request set. Messages awaiting transmission refer to service messages that have entered the slave node's transmission queue but have not yet obtained scheduling resources. These include emergency protection messages, real-time monitoring messages, and background data messages, labeled C1, C2, and C3 respectively. The service flow classification table assigns categories and preset priority values ​​according to the service's latency tolerance, configuring a first preset maximum allowable latency for C1 and a second preset maximum allowable latency for C2. When a C1 or C2 message is enqueued, the impulse noise arrival rate and average impulse noise duration are read from the channel interference persistence characteristics. Their product is used as an impulse noise occupancy index and compared with a preset channel risk threshold. If the occupancy index exceeds the threshold, the maximum allowable latency for C1 messages is adjusted from 2 milliseconds to 1.5 milliseconds, and the maximum allowable latency for C2 messages is adjusted from 10 milliseconds to 8 milliseconds; otherwise, the corresponding preset maximum allowable latency continues to be used. Subsequently, the arrival timestamp of the message is read, and the arrival timestamp, dynamic maximum allowable delay, and preset priority value are written into the dynamic delay tag of the C1 or C2 type message, and the tag is associated with the time-sensitive resource request. For C3 type messages, no dynamic maximum allowable delay is set; only the arrival timestamp and the third preset priority value are associated with the background resource request. Each resource request is also associated with the channel interference persistence characteristics obtained at the same time. All requests that have completed association are arranged in the order of enqueueing to form a dynamic delay resource request set, which serves as the unified input for step S30.

[0033] Converting impulse noise occupancy into a dynamic maximum allowable delay is equivalent to reserving rearrangement and transmission margins for high-risk channels before messages actually time out. The dynamic delay tag simultaneously stores the message arrival time, the time limit adjusted for channel risk, and the service priority, enabling step S30 to distinguish between messages becoming more urgent due to increased waiting time, messages whose time limits are tightened earlier due to channel deterioration, and background messages that can only use remaining resources. The channel interference persistence characteristics are synchronously associated with resource requests, ensuring that the interference observations used for subsequent predictions correspond to the channel state at the time the request was generated, avoiding situations where the time limit tag uses a new state while resource prediction still reads the old state.

[0034] Fixed-time scheduling reads a fixed deadline based solely on the service category. When the line is subjected to dense impulse noise, packets may still be considered to have a large margin within their original time limit, only being prioritized after multiple transmission failures. Simply increasing the static priority of C1 class packets can also crowd out real-time monitoring services during periods of channel stability. Dynamic delay marking tightens the time limits for C1 and C2 class packets only when the impulse noise occupancy exceeds a threshold, while retaining the original service priority as independent information. This allows the urgency level to simultaneously reflect service attributes, the actual waiting process, and the current channel risk, reducing the rigid impact of static priority on resource allocation.

[0035] For example, when a C2 type telemetry message enters the transmission queue, the channel interference persistence characteristics indicate that the impulse noise arrival rate is 80 times per second, the average duration of the impulse noise is 1.5 milliseconds, and the calculated occupancy index is 0.12, which is higher than the preset channel risk threshold of 0.1. The node adjusts the dynamic maximum allowable delay of this message from 10 milliseconds to 8 milliseconds, and writes the message arrival timestamp, the 8-millisecond time limit, and the priority value corresponding to the C2 type into the dynamic delay tag. The C3 type meter reading and archiving message arriving at the same time only forms a background resource request. Both types of requests are entered into the set after being associated with the current channel interference persistence characteristics. Step S30 can therefore prioritize the evaluation of time-sensitive requests under the same interference prediction conditions, and then use the remaining resources to process the background requests.

[0036] Step S30: Based on the dynamic latency resource request set, the Kalman prediction and opportunity cost joint scheduling mechanism is used to perform transmission resource status prediction and resource allocation tasks, and output a resource scheduling scheme containing a dynamic transmission urgency factor. The dynamic delay resource request set serves as the entry point for this step. Each time-sensitive resource request provides the message arrival timestamp, dynamic maximum allowable delay, preset priority value, and channel interference persistence characteristics at the time of request generation. The background resource request provides the arrival timestamp, a third preset priority value, and the same interference characteristics. The master node uses the interference characteristics of the most recent multiple sensing periods as the observation sequence for Kalman prediction to predict the probability of impulse noise occurrence, the average duration of impulse noise, the proportion of narrowband-interferenced subcarriers in each candidate resource block, and the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SNR) within multiple consecutive scheduling slots in the future. The interference risk index is obtained according to the following rules: First, multiply the predicted impulse noise occurrence probability by the predicted average duration, then divide by the duration of a single scheduling slot, and multiply by the first normalization weight; multiply the proportion of narrowband-interferenced subcarriers in the candidate resource block by the second normalization weight; add the two items together, take the exponent of the opposite, and then subtract the exponent from one to obtain the interference risk index, which is between zero and one. The first and second normalized weights are both non-negative and sum to one. They can be pre-calibrated based on the relative contributions of time-domain pulses and frequency-domain narrowband interference to decoding failures in historical line data. The available transmission capacity index is determined in the following order: subtract the interference risk index from one, multiply the result by the ratio of candidate resource block bandwidth to total schedulable bandwidth, multiply by the predicted signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) plus one, and take the logarithm base 2. For C1 and C2 class messages, first subtract the accumulated waiting time and predicted delay jitter value from the dynamic maximum allowable delay; if the remaining amount is less than the preset minimum positive number, then replace it with that minimum positive number to prevent calculation failure due to a zero or negative remaining amount; then calculate the ratio of the remaining amount to the dynamic maximum allowable delay, raise it to the negative power of the preset delay sensitivity index, and multiply it by the exponential weight determined by the preset priority value and preset priority enhancement coefficient to obtain the dynamic transmission urgency factor. The predicted delay jitter value is obtained by short-term prediction of the recent sequence of adjacent waiting time changes in the transmission queue for this message. For each combination of C1 or C2 class messages, future scheduling slots, and candidate resource blocks, a scheduling score is generated by multiplying the dynamic transmission urgency factor by the available transmission capacity index, and then subtracting the product of the predicted opportunity cost and the preset penalty coefficient. The predicted opportunity cost represents the available transmission capacity that other unscheduled time-sensitive messages may lose in the remaining candidate resources after the current combination is occupied. Under the constraint that the master node allocates only one message to the same scheduling slot and the same candidate resource block, it completes the allocation of C1 and C2 class messages according to the score from high to low, and then allocates unallocated resources to C3 class messages according to the available transmission capacity from high to low. Finally, the resource allocation results and the dynamic transmission urgency factors of each time-sensitive message are encapsulated into a resource scheduling scheme.

[0037] Kalman prediction separates random measurement fluctuations from changes in interference states within a continuous sensing period, extending the evaluation criteria for candidate resources from current single-point observations to future time slots where messages may actually be sent. Available transmission capacity indicators consolidate time-domain impulse risk, frequency-domain interference ratio, candidate resource bandwidth, and predicted signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio into a single dimension, allowing direct comparison between resource blocks. The dynamic transmission urgency factor continuously increases as the remaining delay margin decreases, maintaining limited computability near the deadline through a minimum positive value. The scheduling score further deducts the prediction loss caused by occupying current resources for other time-sensitive messages, ensuring that each allocation considers both the urgency of the current message and whether the resource should be reserved for subsequent requests that are more difficult to accommodate.

[0038] When allocating resources based on maximizing the real-time signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), multiple messages can easily compete for the highest-quality resource block. Messages arriving early but with lenient deadlines may occupy the only available low-risk time slot for subsequent urgent messages. Sort solely by the earliest deadline, however, ignores the differences in candidate resources under impulse noise and narrowband interference. Messages, even if pre-scheduled, may still end up in predicted high-risk resources. Kalman prediction combined with opportunity cost scheduling first screens the reliability of future resources and then compares them among remaining delay, priority, and resource scarcity. This reduces the likelihood of high-urgency messages being allocated to high-risk resources and high-quality resources being prematurely occupied by low-urgency messages.

[0039] For example, the scheduler simultaneously receives a Class C1 protection message, a Class C2 telemetry message, and a Class C3 background message. In the next three time slots, the first candidate resource block has a higher proportion of narrowband interference subcarriers, with a predicted interference risk of 0.68. The second candidate resource block has a slightly smaller bandwidth, but a predicted interference risk of 0.16 and a higher signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio. The remaining delay margin for Class C1 messages is significantly smaller than that for Class C2 messages, resulting in a higher dynamic transmission urgency factor. Although allocating the second candidate resource block to Class C2 messages first would also achieve higher immediate transmission capability, it would force Class C1 messages to choose only high-risk resources, incurring a significant prediction opportunity cost. After deducting this opportunity cost, the combination of Class C1 messages and the second candidate resource block achieves a higher scheduling score. Class C2 messages are then assigned to subsequent low-risk resources, and Class C3 messages use the remaining unallocated resources. This result, along with the dynamic transmission urgency factors of the two time-sensitive messages, is entered into step S40.

[0040] Step S40: Based on the resource scheduling scheme, an emergency message transmission protection task is executed using a preemptive protection window mechanism, and the final scheduling decision is output; The resource scheduling scheme refers to the correspondence between the messages output in step S30 and the scheduling time slots and candidate resource blocks, as well as the dynamic transmission urgency factors corresponding to each C1 and C2 type message. This step continuously reads the dynamic transmission urgency factor of each C1 type message and compares it with a preset urgency threshold. When any C1 type message exceeds this threshold, it is identified as a target urgent message, and a preemptive protection window is established from the current scheduling time according to the preset protection window length. The transmission resources originally allocated to C2 or C3 type messages within the window coverage area are released, forming dedicated transmission resources for the protection window and reassigned to the target urgent message; resources originally allocated to other C1 type messages are not released. The target urgent message simultaneously obtains a preset protection modulation order, a preset protection coding redundancy, and an unacknowledged redundant transmission indication, where the protection modulation order and protection coding redundancy are pre-configured according to the robust transmission parameter combinations allowed by the line. When multiple C1 class messages simultaneously exceed the threshold, the dynamic transmission urgency factor is compared first, followed by the remaining delay margin and message arrival time to determine the target urgent messages in sequence. If the current protection window is insufficient to accommodate subsequent targets, adjacent and non-overlapping protection windows are established for them. The dedicated transmission resources for the protection window, protection transmission parameters, unacknowledged redundant transmission indications, and the allocation results of unreleased resources in the resource scheduling scheme together form the final scheduling decision.

[0041] The urgency threshold divides routine predictive scheduling and emergency protection into two working intervals. When there is sufficient margin for packets, the global resource allocation in step S30 continues to execute, avoiding frequent preemption. When a C1 class packet approaches its deadline due to actual waiting, predicted jitter, or changes in channel state, the protection window concentrates adjacent non-urgent resources onto that packet and simultaneously assigns more robust modulation and coding parameters. Unreleased resource allocation results are retained; therefore, the protection action only changes C2 or C3 class resources within the protection window that directly conflict with the target urgent packet, without needing to rebuild the entire scheduling table. The final scheduling decision also carries an unacknowledged redundant transmission indication, enabling step S50 to directly identify the target packet that needs to send a redundant copy of the packet.

[0042] Ordinary priority queues can only affect unallocated resources. Once a message obtains a scheduling position, even if its urgency level increases rapidly, it usually needs to wait for the next complete scheduling round before its arrangement can be changed. While reserved fixed protection slots provide deterministic resources, they remain idle for extended periods when there is no urgent business. Preemptive protection windows are established on demand based on dynamic transmission urgency factors, maintaining resource utilization under normal conditions. Near the deadline, they allow coverage of C2 and C3 class allocations and improve decoding fault tolerance within the window through protection transmission parameters, reducing the risk of C1 class messages missing their deadlines due to prediction errors or sudden interference.

[0043] For example, step S30 originally planned to allocate the next scheduling time slot to a C3 type meter reading and archiving message, and send a C1 type trip command in a subsequent time slot. During execution, a new impulse noise event increased the predicted delay jitter of the C1 type message, causing its dynamic transmission urgency factor to exceed a preset threshold. The master node immediately allocated the next scheduling time slot to the protection window, released the time-frequency resources originally allocated to the C3 type message, reassigned them to the C1 type message, and wrote the preset protection modulation order, preset protection coding redundancy, and unacknowledged redundant transmission indication into the final scheduling decision. The allocation of other C1 and C2 type messages outside the protection window in the original plan remained unchanged, while the C3 message re-entered the remaining resource allocation in the next round of scheduling.

[0044] Step S50: Based on the final scheduling decision, the data transmission task is executed using a broadcast tree encapsulation and unacknowledged redundant copy transmission mechanism, and the data transmission result is output.

[0045] The final scheduling decision includes time slot allocation information, subcarrier allocation information, modulation order, coding redundancy, protection window indication information, and unacknowledged redundant transmission indication. The broadcast tree is a pre-established hierarchical forwarding relationship based on the master-slave topology of the high-speed power line carrier network, recording the parent-child paths from the master node to each slave node, and updating it when a node joins the network or when link quality continuously changes. This step extracts the above fields from the final scheduling decision and writes them into the scheduling control field of the downlink broadcast frame according to the slave node identifier and scheduling time slot order, forming the target downlink broadcast frame. The master node sends the target downlink broadcast frame along the broadcast tree, and relay slave nodes continue to forward it to their child nodes after completing integrity checks; each slave node parses the time slot, subcarrier, modulation order, coding redundancy, protection window status, and unacknowledged redundant transmission status corresponding to its node. Ordinary messages are sent once according to the parsing result; messages carrying unacknowledged redundant transmission indications first send the original message, and then send a redundant copy of the message within the resource range allowed by the same protection window. The sender does not wait for acknowledgment after completing the two transmissions. The receiving end verifies the consistency and integrity of the two messages. If either message is correct, it can be delivered to the upper layer; if both fail, the transmission is recorded as a failure, and the next scheduling cycle will determine whether to re-enqueue the message or report a timeout based on whether the message is still within its valid time limit. Each slave node summarizes the status of sent, received successfully, received unsuccessfully, or stopped transmitting due to time limit expiration into a data transmission result.

[0046] By encapsulating the resource locations and physical layer parameters of all nodes within the target downlink broadcast frame, each slave node can execute transmissions under the same scheduling benchmark, eliminating the need for node-by-node resource negotiation. The broadcast tree restricts the forwarding path of control frames, reducing disordered and redundant broadcasts across the network and ensuring that downstream nodes in multi-level networks still achieve the same final scheduling decision. For target packets within the protection window, a redundant packet copy provides two independent decoding opportunities; not waiting for acknowledgment eliminates the round-trip time consumed by acknowledgment frame transmission, acknowledgment timeout judgment, and retransmission requests. The data transmission results retain the execution status of each node and each packet, serving as a basis for statistical analysis of link performance and updating scheduling inputs in the next sensing cycle.

[0047] Issuing scheduling commands node-by-node increases control overhead with the number of slave nodes. In multi-level networks, scheduling boundaries may be misaligned due to inconsistent command reception times among different nodes. Automatic retransmission requests rely on acknowledgments; when the acknowledgment frame itself is affected by impulse noise, the sender may wait for a timeout and retransmit even if the original message has been correctly received. Broadcast trees encapsulate a global scheduling field once, and unacknowledged redundant transmission replaces uncertain acknowledgment waiting and temporary retransmissions with a pre-arranged copy. This allows the number of times critical messages are sent, the resources used, and the end time to be determined when the final scheduling decision is made, making it more suitable for protection and control services with strict time limits.

[0048] For example, the final scheduling decision made by the master node instructs slave node three to send a Class C1 protection message within the protection window of the fifth scheduling slot, using a given subcarrier, protection modulation order, and protection coding redundancy, and carrying an unacknowledged redundant transmission indication. The master node writes this information, along with the allocation results of other slave nodes, into the target downlink broadcast frame and transmits it step by step along the pre-established broadcast tree. Each slave node only extracts the field corresponding to its own identifier and executes it on time. Slave node three first sends the original protection message, followed by a redundant copy of the message, without waiting for an acknowledgment from the master node; if the original message fails verification due to transient impulse noise, but the copy passes the integrity check, the receiver still records the protection message as successfully received. The execution status of all nodes is then summarized into the data transmission result, completing the closed loop from the final scheduling decision to the message transmission status.

[0049] Example 2: Furthermore, the present invention provides a high-speed power line carrier data transmission control system based on channel state awareness, employing a high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness from the above embodiments, which can solve the technical problem of high-speed power line carrier data transmission control based on channel state awareness. The beneficial effects of the high-speed power line carrier data transmission control system based on channel state awareness provided by the present invention are the same as those of the high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features in the high-speed power line carrier data transmission control system based on channel state awareness are the same as those disclosed in the methods of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0050] Example 3: This invention provides a channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control device. The device includes at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the processor. The memory stores instructions executable by the processor, which are then executed to enable the processor to perform the channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method described in Example 1. The channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control device in this invention can include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptops, digital radio receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Portable Application Description), PMPs (Portable Media Players), and in-vehicle terminals (e.g., in-vehicle navigation terminals), as well as fixed terminals such as digital TVs and desktop computers. This channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control device is merely an example and should not limit the functionality or scope of the invention. A channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control device may include a processing unit (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.) that can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory or a program loaded from a storage device into a random access memory. The random access memory also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control device. The processing unit, read-only memory, and random access memory are interconnected via a bus. An I / O interface is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following systems can be connected to the I / O interface: input devices including touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, image sensors, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices including liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; storage devices including magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices. The communication device allows the channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control device to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. While a channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control device with various systems has been described, it should be understood that implementation or possession of all described systems is not required. It can be implemented alternatively or with more or fewer systems.

[0051] Example 4: This invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the channel state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method described above. The computer program product provided by this invention can solve the technical problem of channel state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided by this invention are the same as those of the channel state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0052] In particular, according to the embodiments disclosed in this invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of this invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device, or installed from a storage device, or installed from a read-only memory. When the computer program is executed by a processing device, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments disclosed in this invention.

[0053] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0054] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the present invention and its equivalents, the present invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness, characterized in that, The method includes: Step S10: Obtain the physical layer received signal, and based on the physical layer received signal, perform the channel interference persistence characterization task using the time domain anomaly detection and frequency domain interference identification mechanism, and output the channel interference persistence characteristics; Step S20: Obtain the message to be transmitted, and perform time limit evaluation and resource request generation tasks on the message to be transmitted using a dynamic delay marking mechanism driven by the remaining delay margin based on the channel interference persistence characteristics, and output a dynamic delay resource request set. Step S30: Based on the dynamic latency resource request set, the Kalman prediction and opportunity cost joint scheduling mechanism is used to perform transmission resource status prediction and resource allocation tasks, and output a resource scheduling scheme containing a dynamic transmission urgency factor. Step S40: Based on the resource scheduling scheme, an emergency message transmission protection task is executed using a preemptive protection window mechanism, and the final scheduling decision is output; Step S50: Based on the final scheduling decision, the data transmission task is executed using a broadcast tree encapsulation and unacknowledged redundant copy transmission mechanism, and the data transmission result is output.

2. The high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Step S10, which involves acquiring the physical layer received signal, performing a channel interference persistence characterization task based on the physical layer received signal using a time-domain anomaly detection and frequency-domain interference identification mechanism, and outputting the channel interference persistence characteristics, specifically includes: Step S101: Sample the physical layer received signal in each sensing cycle and set a sliding statistical window for the sampled signal power sequence; calculate the median and median absolute deviation of the signal power within the sliding statistical window, use the median as the noise reference power, use the product of the preset Hamper scale coefficient and the median absolute deviation as the pulse power bias, and determine the sum of the noise reference power and the pulse power bias as the impulse noise judgment threshold; identify continuous sampling intervals where the signal power exceeds the impulse noise judgment threshold and subsequently falls below the impulse noise judgment threshold as impulse noise events, and record the start time, peak power, and duration of the impulse noise event; Step S102: Count the number of impulse noise events identified within the preset observation window, determine the ratio of the number of impulse noise events to the time length of the preset observation window as the impulse noise arrival rate, and determine the average duration of each impulse noise event within the preset observation window as the average duration of the impulse noise. Step S103: Divide each sensing period into multiple consecutive sensing frames, perform Fast Fourier Transform on the physical layer received signals in each of the multiple consecutive sensing frames to obtain the interference power of each subcarrier in each consecutive sensing frame; mark subcarriers with interference power greater than a preset narrowband interference power threshold as interfered subcarriers, determine the ratio of the number of sensing frames in which each subcarrier is marked as an interfered subcarrier to the total number of consecutive sensing frames as the corresponding interference persistence index, and determine subcarriers with interference persistence index greater than the preset interference persistence threshold as narrowband interference subcarriers; determine the proportion of narrowband interference subcarriers based on the ratio of the number of narrowband interference subcarriers to the total number of subcarriers, and combine the impulse noise arrival rate, the average duration of the impulse noise, the interference power corresponding to each subcarrier, the interference persistence index, and the proportion of narrowband interference subcarriers as the channel interference persistence feature.

3. The high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Step S20 involves obtaining the message to be transmitted, performing time limit evaluation and resource request generation tasks on the message to be transmitted using a dynamic delay marking mechanism driven by the remaining delay margin based on the channel interference persistence characteristics, and outputting a dynamic delay resource request set. Specifically, this includes: Step S201: According to the latency tolerance level corresponding to the transmission service to which the message to be transmitted belongs, divide the message to be transmitted into emergency protection messages, real-time monitoring messages, and background data messages, and mark the emergency protection messages, real-time monitoring messages, and background data messages as C1 messages, C2 messages, and C3 messages respectively; configure a first preset maximum allowable latency and a first preset priority value for the C1 messages, configure a second preset maximum allowable latency and a second preset priority value for the C2 messages, and configure a third preset priority value for the C3 messages; Step S202: When the C1 type message or the C2 type message enters the transmission queue, the impulse noise arrival rate and the average duration of the impulse noise are read from the channel interference persistence characteristics. The current channel interference risk is determined based on the impulse noise arrival rate and the average duration of the impulse noise. The preset maximum allowable delay corresponding to the corresponding message is dynamically adjusted based on the current channel interference risk to obtain the dynamic maximum allowable delay. Step S203: Read the arrival timestamp of each message to be transmitted; for the C1 and C2 messages, write the arrival timestamp, the corresponding dynamic maximum allowable delay, and the corresponding preset priority value into a dynamic delay tag, and associate the dynamic delay tag with the corresponding time-sensitive resource request; for the C3 message, associate the arrival timestamp and the third preset priority value with the corresponding background resource request; associate the channel interference persistence feature with the time-sensitive resource request and the background resource request respectively, and combine all the resource requests that have been associated into the dynamic delay resource request set.

4. The high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness as described in claim 3, characterized in that, In step S202, the current channel interference risk is determined based on the impulse noise arrival rate and the average duration of the impulse noise, and the preset maximum allowable delay corresponding to the corresponding message is dynamically adjusted based on the current channel interference risk. Specifically, this includes: Calculate the product of the impulse noise arrival rate and the average duration of the impulse noise, and determine the calculated product as an indicator of the impulse noise occupancy level; The impulse noise occupancy index is compared with a preset channel risk threshold. When the impulse noise occupancy index is greater than the preset channel risk threshold, the first preset maximum allowable delay is adjusted from 2 milliseconds to 1.5 milliseconds, the second preset maximum allowable delay is adjusted from 10 milliseconds to 8 milliseconds, and the adjusted 1.5 milliseconds and 8 milliseconds are respectively determined as the dynamic maximum allowable delays corresponding to the C1 type message and the C2 type message; When the impulse noise occupancy index is less than or equal to the preset channel risk threshold, the first preset maximum allowable delay and the second preset maximum allowable delay are respectively determined as the dynamic maximum allowable delay corresponding to the C1 class message and the C2 class message.

5. The high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Step S30, which involves using a Kalman prediction and opportunity cost joint scheduling mechanism based on the dynamic latency resource request set to perform transmission resource status prediction and resource allocation tasks, and outputting a resource scheduling scheme containing a dynamic transmission urgency factor, specifically includes: Step S301: Read the channel interference persistence characteristics from the dynamic delay resource request set, and for future continuous... For each scheduling time slot and each candidate resource block, the Kalman prediction method is used to predict the probability of impulse noise occurrence, the average duration of impulse noise, the proportion of narrowband-interferenced subcarriers corresponding to each candidate resource block, and the predicted signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) for each scheduling time slot. The scheduling time slots are then calculated based on the prediction results using the following formula. Internal candidate resource blocks Corresponding interference risk indicators: The scheduling slot is calculated according to the interference risk index using the following formula. The candidate resource blocks described inside Corresponding available transmission capacity indicators: Step S302: Read the dynamic delay tags corresponding to each C1 class message and each C2 class message from the dynamic delay resource request set; determine the corresponding cumulative waiting time based on the message arrival timestamp and current scheduling time in the dynamic delay tags; predict the delay jitter value based on the waiting time change sequence of the corresponding message in the sending queue; calculate the message's dynamic maximum allowable delay, cumulative waiting time, delay jitter value, and preset priority value according to the following formula. At the current scheduling time Corresponding dynamic transmission urgency factor: Step S303: For each combination of C1 and C2 class packets, each scheduling slot and each candidate resource block, calculate the scheduling score according to the corresponding dynamic transmission urgency factor, available transmission capacity index and predicted opportunity cost, using the following formula: Under the resource mutual exclusion constraint that the same candidate resource block is allocated to only one message within the same scheduling time slot, scheduling time slots and candidate resource blocks are allocated to each C1 and C2 message according to the scheduling score from high to low; based on the available transmission capacity index corresponding to the unallocated scheduling time slots and candidate resource blocks, the remaining transmission resources are allocated to each C3 message from high to low, and the resource allocation results of each message and the dynamic transmission urgency factor corresponding to each C1 and C2 message are combined into the resource scheduling scheme; in, This represents the total number of scheduling slots involved in the prediction; Indicates the scheduling time slot number; Indicates a candidate resource block; Indicates the predicted scheduling slot Probability of internal impulse noise occurrence; Indicates the predicted scheduling slot Average duration of internal impulse noise; Indicates the predicted scheduling slot Internal candidate resource blocks The corresponding proportion of subcarriers subject to narrowband interference; Indicates the duration of a single scheduling slot; and This indicates that the preset non-negative normalized weights are used, and ; Indicates the risk of interference; Indicates candidate resource blocks bandwidth; Indicates the total available bandwidth for scheduling; Indicates the predicted scheduling slot Internal candidate resource blocks The corresponding signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio; This indicates the available transmission capacity. The message sequence number indicates whether it is a C1 or C2 message; Indicates the current scheduling time; Indicates message The corresponding dynamic maximum allowable latency; Indicates message At the current scheduling time The cumulative waiting time; Indicates message At the current scheduling time The predicted latency jitter value; This represents the minimum positive number that is preset. This indicates the preset latency sensitivity index; Indicates the preset priority enhancement coefficient; Indicates message The corresponding preset priority value; This indicates the dynamic transmission urgency factor; Indicates scheduling time slots Candidate resource blocks within Assigned to message The predicted loss of available transmission capacity caused by other unscheduled C1 and C2 type messages; This represents the preset opportunity cost penalty coefficient; The scheduling score is represented by the average duration of the impulse noise, the duration of a single scheduling slot, the dynamic maximum allowable delay, the cumulative waiting time, and the predicted delay jitter value, all using the same time dimension. and Using the same bandwidth dimension, all other formula parameters and calculation results are dimensionless quantities.

6. The high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Step S40, which involves executing the emergency message transmission protection task based on the resource scheduling scheme using a preemptive protection window mechanism and outputting the final scheduling decision, specifically includes: Step S401: Monitor the dynamic transmission urgency factor corresponding to each C1 type message in the resource scheduling scheme in real time; when the dynamic transmission urgency factor corresponding to any C1 type message is greater than the preset urgency threshold, determine the corresponding C1 type message as the target urgent message, and establish a preemptive protection window from the current scheduling time according to the preset protection window length. Step S402: Release the transmission resources allocated to C2 or C3 packets within the preemptive protection window, determine the released transmission resources as dedicated transmission resources for the protection window, and allocate the dedicated transmission resources for the protection window to the target emergency packet; Step S403: Configure a preset protection modulation order, a preset protection coding redundancy, and an unacknowledged redundant transmission indication for the target emergency message, and combine the protection window dedicated transmission resources, the preset protection modulation order, the preset protection coding redundancy, the unacknowledged redundant transmission indication, and the resource allocation results that have not been released in the resource scheduling scheme into the final scheduling decision.

7. The high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method based on channel state awareness as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Step S50, which involves executing the data transmission task using a broadcast tree encapsulation and unacknowledged redundant replica transmission mechanism based on the final scheduling decision, and outputting the data transmission result, specifically includes: Step S501: Obtain the pre-established broadcast tree, and extract time slot allocation information, subcarrier allocation information, modulation order, coding redundancy, guard window indication information and unacknowledged redundant transmission indication from the final scheduling decision; encapsulate the extracted information into the scheduling control field of the downlink broadcast frame to generate the target downlink broadcast frame; Step S502: The target downlink broadcast frame is sent from the master node to each slave node according to the broadcast tree, and each slave node parses the time slot allocation information, subcarrier allocation information, modulation order, coding redundancy, guard window indication information and unacknowledged redundant transmission indication corresponding to its own node from the scheduling control field. Step S503: Each slave node sends the corresponding message according to the parsed time slot allocation information, subcarrier allocation information, modulation order and coding redundancy; for the message carrying the unacknowledged redundant transmission indication, after sending the corresponding original message, a redundant message copy is sent, and after sending the original message and the redundant message copy, without waiting for an acknowledgment, the message sending status of each slave node is combined into the data sending result.

8. A channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control system, applied to the channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The high-speed power line carrier data transmission control system includes: The channel interference persistence feature extraction module is used to acquire the physical layer received signal, and based on the physical layer received signal, it performs the channel interference persistence characterization task using a time-domain anomaly detection and frequency-domain interference identification mechanism, and outputs the channel interference persistence feature. The dynamic delay marking and request generation module is used to obtain the message to be transmitted, and perform time limit evaluation and resource request generation tasks on the message to be transmitted using a dynamic delay marking mechanism driven by the remaining delay margin based on the channel interference persistence characteristics, and output a dynamic delay resource request set. The resource status prediction and allocation module is used to perform transmission resource status prediction and resource allocation tasks based on the dynamic latency resource request set using a Kalman prediction and opportunity cost joint scheduling mechanism, and output a resource scheduling scheme containing a dynamic transmission urgency factor. The protection window control module is used to execute emergency message transmission protection tasks based on the resource scheduling scheme using a preemptive protection window mechanism, and output the final scheduling decision. The broadcast and redundant transmission module is used to execute data transmission tasks using broadcast tree encapsulation and unacknowledged redundant copy transmission mechanism according to the final scheduling decision, and output the data transmission results.

9. A high-speed power line carrier data transmission control device based on channel state awareness, characterized in that, The channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control device includes: a memory, a processor, and a channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control program is executed by the processor, it implements a channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes a channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control program, which, when executed by a processor, implements a channel-state-aware high-speed power line carrier data transmission control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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