Testing device for monitoring surface runoff process of urban underlying surface

Abstract

The utility model relates to a test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of an urban underlying surface. The test device comprises an underlying surface monitoring block; the runoff collection flow guide pipes are arranged on the outer side of the underlying surface monitoring block, the multiple runoff collection flow guide pipes are connected end to end to form an annular structure surrounding the underlying surface monitoring block, and the runoff collection flow guide pipes are used for collecting surface runoff on the underlying surface monitoring block; the collecting pipe is communicated with the runoff collecting and guiding pipe, and the collecting pipe is used for discharging the surface runoff collected by the runoff collecting and guiding pipe; and the flow monitoring equipment is arranged on the collecting pipe and is used for monitoring the water flow in the collecting pipe. The utility model provides a test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of an underlying surface of a city, which can be used for collecting rainwater accumulated on the underlying surface of the city and carrying out normalized monitoring on rainwater runoff of different underlying surfaces of the city under natural conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of runoff monitoring, in particular to a test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of an urban underlying surface. Background Art

[0002] Rainwater runoff calculation plays a vital role in the design of urban outdoor drainage. It is not only the core element of sponge city construction, but also the key factor in the construction of urban flood control and drainage system. In order to ensure scientific and reasonable design, various technical specifications, such as "Outdoor Drainage Design Standard", "Technical Specification for Building and Community Rainwater Control and Utilization Engineering", "Sponge City Construction Technical Guide - Low Impact Development Rainwater System Construction (Trial)", etc., require the use of inference formula method or urban rainwater mathematical model for rainwater design calculation, and the core parameter of these calculations is the runoff coefficient.

[0003] As the main parameter reflecting the characteristics of rainwater runoff, the importance of runoff coefficient cannot be ignored. It represents the ratio of runoff volume to rainfall in a certain period of time, and its value is affected by many factors, including the selection of time period, the characteristics of rainfall, the area of ​​the catchment area, and the structure of the underlying surface. Since urban rainwater runoff is not part of the conventional hydrological and meteorological monitoring program, there is a lack of widely effective data support for urban rainwater runoff coefficient.

[0004] In existing specifications, the recommended value or range of the runoff coefficient is mainly based on the determination of the underlying surface type, and refers to relevant domestic and foreign specifications, tests and research results, and is only applicable to specific scenarios of rainwater system design. However, the limitation of this parameter is that it ignores many influencing factors, cannot adapt to changes in different climates and urban conditions, and cannot meet the normalization needs of urban rain and flood forecasting and warning. This is significantly different from the requirements for refined management of rainwater runoff in concepts such as sponge cities, smart cities, and urban lifelines.

[0005] Current research reports mainly monitor runoff coefficients based on specific conditions such as the test purpose and site. The size of the test device is often determined subjectively by the test personnel, resulting in a lack of standardization in the runoff coefficient, which is difficult to promote and apply, and has limited reference value. Utility Model Content

[0006] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to overcome the problem in the prior art that due to the lack of a normalized monitoring device for the runoff coefficient, the obtained runoff coefficient lacks standardization, is difficult to promote and apply, and has limited reference value. A test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of an urban underlying surface is provided, which can perform normalized monitoring of the runoff coefficient.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surface, comprising:

[0008] Underlying surface monitoring block;

[0009] A runoff collection and diversion pipe is arranged outside the underlying surface monitoring block, and a plurality of the runoff collection and diversion pipes are connected end to end to form a ring structure surrounding the underlying surface monitoring block, and the runoff collection and diversion pipe is used to collect surface runoff on the underlying surface monitoring block;

[0010] A collecting pipe is connected to the runoff collecting and guiding pipe, and the collecting pipe discharges the surface runoff collected by the runoff collecting and guiding pipe;

[0011] The flow monitoring device is arranged on the manifold and is used for monitoring the water flow in the manifold.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the runoff collection and diversion pipe comprises:

[0013] A semicircular tube, wherein the semicircular tube is arranged in contact with the underlying surface monitoring block, and the upper edge of the semicircular tube is flush with the upper surface of the underlying surface monitoring block;

[0014] A water dividing plate is connected to the semicircular tube. The water dividing plate is obliquely arranged above the semicircular tube. The edge of the water dividing plate coincides with the edge of the semicircular tube in horizontal projection.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the inclination angle of the water dividing plate relative to the horizontal plane where the semicircular tube is located is 30° to 45°.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present invention, the runoff collection and diversion pipe is made of PVC or stainless steel.

[0017] In one embodiment of the utility model, the underlying surface monitoring blocks include: asphalt pavement, cement pavement, bread bricks, permeable concrete, paved marble, grass bricks, grass, bushes, bare soil, hard roof, green roof.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the underlying surface monitoring block has a length of 1 m and a width of 1 m.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the flow monitoring device has real-time recording and signal transmission functions.

[0020] In one embodiment of the utility model, it also includes: a rain gauge, which is arranged on the outer side of the underlying surface monitoring block and is used to monitor the rainfall near the underlying surface monitoring block.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the distance between the rain gauge and the underlying surface monitoring block is less than 100m.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the underlying surface monitoring block is installed in an unobstructed open-air environment, and the distance between the underlying surface monitoring block and the adjacent ground building is greater than the height of the above-ground portion of the building.

[0023] The above technical solution of the utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] The utility model provides a test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surfaces, which can collect rainwater accumulated on the underlying surfaces in the city, and can perform normalized monitoring of rainwater runoff on different underlying surfaces in the city under natural conditions. Combined with conventional hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment such as rain gauges and flow meters, it can be used to calculate the rainwater runoff coefficient of the urban underlying surface under natural conditions, and provide a basis for simulation calculations such as sponge cities and urban rain and flood forecasting and early warning. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to make the content of the utility model easier to understand, the utility model is further described in detail according to the specific embodiments of the utility model in combination with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of the urban underlying surface of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of the urban underlying surface of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the runoff collection and diversion pipe of the utility model.

[0029] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings in the specification: 1. underlying surface monitoring block; 2. runoff collection and diversion pipe; 21. semicircular pipe; 22. water distribution plate; 3. collecting pipe; 4. flow monitoring equipment; 5. rain gauge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0031] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the utility model discloses a test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of an urban underlying surface, comprising: an underlying surface monitoring block 1, a runoff collecting and diverting pipe 2, a collecting pipe 3 and a flow monitoring device 4, wherein: the underlying surface monitoring block 1 is used to simulate underlying surfaces of different forms and structures in the city, the runoff collecting and diverting pipe 2 is arranged on the outside of the underlying surface monitoring block 1, the runoff collecting and diverting pipe 2 is connected to the underlying surface monitoring block 1, and the runoff collecting and diverting pipe 2 is used to collect the surface runoff on the underlying surface monitoring block 1. In this embodiment, the underlying surface monitoring block 1 is set to a polygonal structure, and the runoff collecting and diverting pipe 2 is set to A strip structure is provided, in which a plurality of the runoff collecting and diversion pipes 2 are connected end to end to form a ring structure surrounding the underlying surface monitoring block 1, so that water flowing in any direction on the underlying surface monitoring block 1 can be collected, and an opening is provided on one of the runoff collecting and diversion pipes 2, and the collecting pipe 3 is inserted into the opening so that the collecting pipe 3 is connected with the runoff collecting and diversion pipe 2, so that the surface runoff collected by the runoff collecting and diversion pipe 2 is discharged through the collecting pipe 3, and the flow monitoring device 4 is provided on the collecting pipe 3, and the flow monitoring device 4 can monitor the water flow in the collecting pipe 3 during the discharge of the surface runoff.

[0032] The test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surfaces of this embodiment can collect rainwater accumulated on the underlying surfaces in the city, and can perform regular monitoring of rainwater runoff on different underlying surfaces in the city under natural conditions. Combined with conventional hydrological and meteorological monitoring equipment such as rain gauges and flow meters, it can be used to calculate the rainwater runoff coefficient of the urban underlying surface under natural conditions, providing a basis for simulation calculations such as sponge cities and urban rain and flood forecasting and warning.

[0033] Specifically, the underlying surface monitoring block 1 includes typical underlying surface structures such as asphalt pavement, cement pavement, bread bricks, permeable concrete, marble paving, grass bricks, grass, bushes, bare soil, hard roof, green roof, etc. When making the underlying surface monitoring block 1, relevant construction processes should be followed to prepare a structure identical to the underlying surface used in the city, so as to ensure the accuracy of the test monitoring.

[0034] In this embodiment, the underlying surface monitoring block 1 is set to a rectangular structure, and its length is set to 1m and its width is set to 1m, so that a unit area underlying surface monitoring block 1 is formed. According to the monitoring results of the test device, when calculating the runoff coefficient of the underlying surface of a certain area in the city, it is only necessary to convert it according to the unit area to quickly calculate the overall runoff coefficient of the area;

[0035] In other embodiments, an underlying surface monitoring block 1 simulating the shape of the area to be measured may be provided according to the shape of the area to be measured, so as to ensure the accuracy of the test monitoring according to the actual situation.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the runoff collection and diversion pipe 2 includes: a semicircular pipe 21 and a water diversion plate 22, wherein: the semicircular pipe 21 is arranged to fit the underlying surface monitoring block 1, that is, there is no gap between the semicircular pipe 21 and the underlying surface monitoring block 1, and the upper edge of the semicircular pipe 21 is arranged flush with the upper surface of the underlying surface monitoring block 1, to ensure that all surface runoff on the underlying surface monitoring block 1 can flow into the semicircular pipe 21, the water diversion plate 22 is connected to the semicircular pipe 21, the water diversion plate 22 is obliquely arranged above the semicircular pipe 21, and the edge of the water diversion plate 22 coincides with the edge of the semicircular pipe 21 in horizontal projection. In this embodiment, the water diversion plate 22 actually plays a role of water retaining, the purpose of which is to prevent rainwater from falling directly into the semicircular pipe 21, thereby further ensuring the accuracy of the measurement structure.

[0037] Specifically, the water divider 22 is set at an inclination angle of 30° to 45° relative to the horizontal plane where the semicircular tube 21 is located, so that the opening gap between the water divider 22 and the semicircular tube 21 can be minimized to prevent oblique rainwater from entering the semicircular tube 21.

[0038] Specifically, the runoff collection and diversion pipe 2 is made of PVC or stainless steel, which can reduce the erosion effect of rainwater thereon and ensure long-term and stable use.

[0039] Specifically, in some embodiments, the semicircular pipe 21 and the water diversion plate 22 can be set as an integrally formed structure and then installed on the underlying surface monitoring block 1, or the semicircular pipe 21 and the water diversion plate 22 can be set as a split structure and installed on the underlying surface monitoring block 1 in sequence, and the runoff collection and diversion pipe 2 and the underlying surface monitoring block 1 can also be an integrally formed structure. The above structures can all be used in actual assembly and can meet the test requirements.

[0040] In this embodiment, the flow monitoring device 4 has real-time recording and signal transmission functions, can collect measurement data in real time, and send the measurement results by wired or wireless transmission.

[0041] Reference Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment also includes: a rain gauge 5, which is arranged near the outer side of the underlying surface monitoring block 1, and is used to monitor the rainfall near the underlying surface monitoring block 1. According to the actual precipitation measured by the rain gauge 5 and the runoff measured by the flow monitoring device 4, the runoff coefficient can be calculated.

[0042] Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to ensure the accuracy of calculation, the distance between the rain gauge 5 and the underlying surface monitoring block 1 is set less than 100m, and it is necessary to ensure that the rainfall at the location where the rain gauge 5 is set is the same as the location where the underlying surface monitoring block 1 is set.

[0043] Furthermore, the underlying surface monitoring block 1 is installed in an unobstructed open-air environment, and the distance between the underlying surface monitoring block 1 and the adjacent ground building is greater than the height of the above-ground part of the building to avoid being blocked by buildings or tall trees.

[0044] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention of the utility model.

Claims

1. A test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surfaces, characterized in that: include: Underlying surface monitoring block; A runoff collection and diversion pipe is arranged outside the underlying surface monitoring block, and a plurality of the runoff collection and diversion pipes are connected end to end to form a ring structure surrounding the underlying surface monitoring block, and the runoff collection and diversion pipe is used to collect surface runoff on the underlying surface monitoring block; A collecting pipe is connected to the runoff collecting and guiding pipe, and the collecting pipe discharges the surface runoff collected by the runoff collecting and guiding pipe; The flow monitoring device is arranged on the manifold and is used for monitoring the water flow in the manifold.

2. The test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surfaces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The runoff collection and diversion pipe comprises: A semicircular tube, wherein the semicircular tube is arranged in contact with the underlying surface monitoring block, and the upper edge of the semicircular tube is flush with the upper surface of the underlying surface monitoring block; A water dividing plate is connected to the semicircular tube. The water dividing plate is obliquely arranged above the semicircular tube. The edge of the water dividing plate coincides with the edge of the semicircular tube in horizontal projection.

3. The test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surfaces according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The inclination angle of the water dividing plate relative to the horizontal plane where the semicircular tube is located is 30° to 45°.

4. The test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surfaces according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The runoff collection and diversion pipe is made of PVC or stainless steel.

5. The test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surfaces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The underlying surface monitoring blocks include: asphalt pavement, cement pavement, bread bricks, permeable concrete, paved marble, grass bricks, grass, bushes, bare soil, hard roof, and green roof.

6. The test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surfaces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The length of the underlying surface monitoring block is 1m and the width is 1m.

7. The test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surfaces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flow monitoring device has real-time recording and signal transmission functions.

8. The test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surfaces according to claim 1 is characterized by: Also includes: A rain gauge is arranged near the underlying surface monitoring block and on its outer side, and is used to monitor the rainfall near the underlying surface monitoring block.

9. The test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surfaces according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The distance between the rain gauge and the underlying surface monitoring block is less than 100m.

10. The test device for monitoring the surface runoff process of urban underlying surfaces according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The underlying surface monitoring block is installed in an unobstructed open-air environment, and the distance between the underlying surface monitoring block and the adjacent ground building is greater than the height of the part of the building above the ground.

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