Strip mine blast hole bottom spacing device
By designing the bottom space device of the gun hole for the top cover, hollow storage column and bottom cover, the air chamber is used to enhance the release of explosive energy, solving the problem of the "bottom" at the bottom of the gun hole of the open-pit mine, and improving the degree of rock crushing and explosive efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420954772.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-06
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-20
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-06
AI Technical Summary
The bottom of the open-pit mine cannon hole is prone to a ‘bottom’ during the blasting process, which affects the recovery rate and leads to adverse blasting events. The existing spacer causes the explosive utilization rate to be reduced and the rock is insufficiently broken.
Design a bottom spacer device at the bottom of the gun hole including a top cover, a hollow medicine storage column and a bottom cover. The hollow medicine storage column is integrated with the top cover, and the outer wall forms an air cavity with the gun hole wall. When the explosive explodes, energy first acts on the air and then is released to the rock. , combined with continuous and discontinuous charge structures, enhance explosive efficiency and reduce excessive crushing.
Effectively reduce the generation of 'bottom', improve the degree of rock breakage at the bottom of the gun hole, improve the utilization rate of explosives, and reduce excessive damage to the bottom plate.
Smart Images
Figure CN222211433U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of open-pit mine blasting, in particular to an open-pit mine blasthole bottom spacing device. Background Art
[0002] Open-pit mine blasting refers to the process of crushing rocks by using the energy released by the reaction of explosives in a short period of time. In deep hole blasting in open-pit mines, due to the large clamping effect at the bottom of the blasthole, it is very easy to produce "roots" near the bottom of the blasthole. The "roots" produced not only affect the recovery rate, but also have a serious impact on the next blasting construction, which is an unfavorable blasting event. In order to overcome this unfavorable blasting event, technicians have designed methods such as strengthening charges at the bottom of the blasthole and using spacers to avoid the occurrence of "roots". However, the bottom strengthening charge will cause excessive crushing of the bottom plate, which will eventually easily lead to an increase in the top blocks of the next blasting. Therefore, spacers are generally used for bottom spacing, which can achieve a better effect of reducing the "root". The current spacers are basically solid spacing, and the spacer device is used to replace the original explosive position, so that the explosive work efficiency at the bottom of the blasthole is reduced. However, in terms of the utilization rate of explosives, if a certain amount of explosives is used at the bottom, the rock crushing degree in the adjacent area of the bottom of the blasthole can be improved while reducing the generation of "roots". Utility Model Content
[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an open-pit mine blasthole bottom spacing device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. It has a simple structure, is easy to use, and can effectively reduce the "root" effect, while being able to effectively improve the degree of rock crushing in the adjacent area of the blasthole bottom.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following solutions:
[0005] The utility model provides a bottom spacing device for an open-pit mine blasthole, comprising: a top cover, a hollow charge storage column and a bottom cover, wherein the top cover is used for fitting with the wall of the blasthole; the hollow charge storage column is used for placing explosives, the hollow charge storage column is integrally connected with the top cover, and the axis center line of the hollow charge storage column is collinear with the axis center line of the top cover, the top opening of the hollow charge storage column passes through the top cover, and an air cavity is formed between the outer side wall of the hollow charge storage column and the wall of the blasthole; the bottom cover is sleeved and fixed on the outer side of the bottom of the hollow charge storage column, and the axis center line of the bottom cover is collinear with the axis center line of the hollow charge storage column.
[0006] Preferably, the diameter of the top cover is larger than the diameter of the hollow medicine storage column, the diameter of the top cover is larger than the diameter of the bottom cover, and the diameter of the bottom cover is larger than the diameter of the hollow medicine storage column.
[0007] Preferably, the hollow charge storage column comprises a hollow charge storage cavity and a hollow charge storage cavity wall, the hollow charge storage cavity is used to place explosives, and the hollow charge storage cavity wall is used to connect the top cover and the bottom cover.
[0008] Preferably, it further comprises a plurality of reinforcing columns, each of which is arranged on the outer side of the wall of the hollow medicine storage cavity, one end of the reinforcing column is fixedly connected to the top cover, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom cover.
[0009] Preferably, the reinforcement columns are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the top cover.
[0010] Preferably, it also includes leak-proof skirt pleats, which are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the circumferential edge of the top cover.
[0011] Preferably, the leak-proof skirt is made of flexible material.
[0012] Preferably, the top cover, the hollow medicine storage column and the bottom cover are all made of hard antistatic materials.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has achieved the following technical effects:
[0014] The utility model provides a bottom spacing device for an open-pit mine blasthole. In the blasthole, at the top of the bottom spacing device for the open-pit mine blasthole, the charging structure of the explosive is a coupled continuous charging structure. Below the top of the bottom spacing device for the open-pit mine blasthole provided in the present application to the bottom of the hole, the charging structure of the explosive is an uncoupled charging structure. At this time, the hollow charge storage column stores explosives. When the explosives on the top of the top cover explode, the detonation wave will excite the explosives in the hollow charge storage column. When the explosives in this area explode, the detonation energy first acts on the air between the hole wall and the hollow charge storage column, and then is released to the rock after being compressed by the air. The bottom spacing device for the open-pit mine blasthole provided by the utility model can make the bottom rock of the blasthole still obtain a certain amount of explosive working capacity after the spacer is used, which can effectively enhance the effect of the explosive on the bottom rock of the blasthole during deep hole step blasting, and can reduce the excessive damage to the bottom plate rock mass under the coupled continuous enhanced charging. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom spacing device of an open-pit mine blasthole provided by the utility model;
[0017] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the bottom spacing device of an open-pit mine blasthole provided by the utility model;
[0018] In the figure: 1. top cover; 2. leak-proof skirt; 3. reinforcing column; 4. hollow medicine storage cavity; 5. hollow medicine storage cavity wall; 6. bottom cover; 7. hollow medicine storage column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0020] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an open-pit mine blasthole bottom spacing device to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. It has a simple structure, is easy to use, and can effectively reduce the "root" effect, while being able to effectively improve the degree of rock crushing in the adjacent area of the blasthole bottom.
[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0022] The utility model provides a bottom spacing device for an open-pit mine blasthole, such as Figures 1-2As shown, it includes: a top cover 1, a hollow charge storage column 7 and a bottom cover 6, the top cover 1 is used to fit the wall of the blasthole; the hollow charge storage column 7 is used to place explosives, the hollow charge storage column 7 is integrally connected with the top cover 1, and the axis of the hollow charge storage column 7 is in line with the axis of the top cover 1, the top opening of the hollow charge storage column 7 passes through the top cover 1, and an air cavity is formed between the outer wall of the hollow charge storage column 7 and the wall of the blasthole; the bottom cover 6 is sleeved and fixed on the outside of the bottom of the hollow charge storage column 7, and the axis of the bottom cover 6 is in line with the axis of the hollow charge storage column 7, in the blasthole, at the top of the spacing device at the bottom of the open-pit mine blasthole, the charging structure of the explosive is coupled continuous charging, and below the top of the spacing device at the bottom of the open-pit mine blasthole to the bottom of the hole provided in the present application, the charging structure of the explosive is an uncoupled charging structure, and at this time, the hollow charge storage column 7 stores explosives. When the explosives on the top of the top cover 1 explode, the detonation wave will excite the explosives in the hollow charge storage column 7. When the explosives in this area explode, the detonation energy first acts on the air between the hole wall and the hollow charge storage column 7, and then is released to the rock after being compressed by the air. The use of the bottom spacing device of the open-pit mine blasthole provided by the utility model can ensure that the bottom rock of the blasthole can still obtain a certain amount of explosive working capacity after the use of the spacer, which can effectively enhance the effect of the explosives on the bottom rock of the blasthole during deep hole step blasting, and can reduce excessive damage to the bottom plate rock under the coupled continuous enhanced charging.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the top cover 1 is larger than the diameter of the hollow charge storage column 7, the diameter of the top cover 1 is larger than the diameter of the bottom cover 6, the diameter of the bottom cover 6 is larger than the diameter of the hollow charge storage column 7, and the overall profile of the bottom spacer of the open-pit mine blasthole is a "T" shape, which is convenient for sliding into the installation position in the blasthole under the action of its own gravity.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the hollow explosive storage column 7 includes a hollow explosive storage cavity 4 and a hollow explosive storage cavity wall 5. The hollow explosive storage cavity 4 is used to place explosives, and the hollow explosive storage cavity wall 5 is used to connect the top cover 1 and the bottom cover 6. The structure is simple.
[0025] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom spacing device of the open-pit mine blasthole also includes a plurality of reinforcing columns 3, each of which is arranged on the outside of the hollow charge storage cavity wall 5, one end of the reinforcing column 3 is fixedly connected to the top cover 1, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom cover 6. Since the bottom spacing device needs to have a certain bearing weight capacity, it is very easy to be damaged under the weight of the top explosive. The utility model invention adopts hard antistatic material, and a reinforcing column 3 is arranged between the top cover 1 and the bottom cover 6 to improve the bearing capacity of the device.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the reinforcement columns 3 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the top cover 1, which can evenly disperse the bearing force and effectively improve the bearing capacity.
[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the bottom spacing device of the open-pit mine blasthole also includes a leak-proof skirt pleat 2, which is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the circumferential edge of the top cover 1, and can effectively seal the gap where the top cover 1 and the hole wall are not tightly fitted, thereby preventing explosives from flowing into the side of the spacer.
[0028] In a preferred embodiment, the leakproof skirt 2 is made of a flexible material, which can ensure that it can adapt to the size deviation of the blast hole channel.
[0029] Specific implementation methods
[0030] When implementing the bottom spacing of the blasthole, the technicians first find the top cover 1 with the flexible leakproof skirt pleats 2, then put the bottom spacing device into the blasthole with the top cover 1 facing upwards. Under the action of its own weight, the bottom spacing device will quickly slide to the bottom of the hole. If it encounters a situation where it is not sliding smoothly, a long rod can be used to go deep into the blasthole and press down the bottom spacing device until it reaches the bottom of the blasthole. In this way, the specific installation and implementation of the bottom spacing device of the open-pit mine blasthole is completed, and then the charging and subsequent blasting construction procedures can be organized according to the normal blasthole charging process.
[0031] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
Claims
1. A bottom spacing device for an open-pit mine blasthole, characterized in that: include: A top cover, the top cover is used to fit the wall of the blast hole; A hollow charge storage column, the hollow charge storage column is used to place explosives, the hollow charge storage column is integrally connected to the top cover, and the axis of the hollow charge storage column is colinear with the axis of the top cover, the top opening of the hollow charge storage column passes through the top cover, and an air cavity is formed between the outer side wall of the hollow charge storage column and the wall of the blasthole; as well as The bottom cover is sleeved and fixed on the outer side of the bottom of the hollow medicine storage column, and the axis of the bottom cover is colinear with the axis of the hollow medicine storage column.
2. The open-pit mine blasthole bottom spacing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the top cover is larger than the diameter of the hollow medicine storage column, the diameter of the top cover is larger than the diameter of the bottom cover, and the diameter of the bottom cover is larger than the diameter of the hollow medicine storage column.
3. The open-pit mine blasthole bottom spacing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow explosive storage column comprises a hollow explosive storage cavity and a hollow explosive storage cavity wall. The hollow explosive storage cavity is used to place explosives, and the hollow explosive storage cavity wall is used to connect the top cover and the bottom cover.
4. The open-pit mine blasthole bottom spacing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of reinforcing columns, each of which is arranged on the outside of the wall of the hollow medicine storage cavity, one end of the reinforcing column is fixedly connected to the top cover, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom cover.
5. The open-pit mine blasthole bottom spacing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reinforcement columns are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the top cover.
6. The open-pit mine blasthole bottom spacing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a leak-proof skirt pleat, which is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the circumferential edge of the top cover.
7. The open-pit mine blasthole bottom spacing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The leakproof skirt is made of flexible material.
8. The open-pit mine blasthole bottom spacing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top cover, the hollow medicine storage column and the bottom cover are all made of hard antistatic materials.