Plateau landslide disaster monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a monitoring device, in particular to a plateau landslide disaster monitoring device. Comprising two monitoring units arranged on the same side of a mountain, namely a far-end landslide monitoring unit and an embedded field landslide monitoring unit. The embedded field landslide monitoring unit is located above the far-end landslide monitoring unit; the far-end landslide monitoring unit comprises a fixed base and a rectangular rubber stand column installed on the top of the fixed base, and the two opposite sides of the rectangular rubber stand column are each provided with an axial strain gauge used for detecting deformation of the rectangular rubber stand column. A mounting lug is arranged at the top of the rectangular rubber upright post, and is connected with a concave bracket with a downward opening through a central hole pin; an object collecting groove is formed in the top of the concave bracket; a plurality of displacement holes are further formed in the mounting lugs, and the U-shaped support is connected with one displacement hole through a displacement hole pin. Meanwhile, the monitoring device is reasonable in manufacturing cost and low in maintenance cost; the influence of plateau large temperature difference, severe weather and the like is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a monitoring device, in particular to a monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters. Background Art

[0002] As a special detection and inspection equipment, the plateau landslide disaster monitoring device plays a role in monitoring the geological environment and inspecting potential disaster risks. Generally, by integrating various sensors and data transmission systems, it can continuously collect and analyze key data to evaluate the possibility and dynamics of landslide disasters, thereby providing a scientific basis for disaster warning and risk management.

[0003] However, in many cases, the monitoring area where the landslide disaster monitoring equipment is located has not experienced a landslide, but a landslide has occurred at a remote location at the top of the monitoring area. This "blind spot" problem highlights the limitations of existing plateau landslide disaster monitoring devices. In other words, due to the complexity and variability of the plateau's natural terrain and the limited monitoring resources, monitoring equipment is often concentrated in specific areas that are considered to be at higher risk, making it difficult to fully cover all potential landslide initiation areas. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model aims at the defects of the prior art and provides a monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solution, including two monitoring units arranged along the same side of the mountain: a remote landslide monitoring unit and an embedded on-site landslide monitoring unit; the embedded on-site landslide monitoring unit is located above the remote landslide monitoring unit.

[0006] The remote landslide monitoring unit includes a fixed base and a rectangular rubber column installed on the top of the fixed base. An axial strain gauge is provided on each opposite side of the rectangular rubber column to detect the deformation of the rectangular rubber column; a mounting ear is provided on the top of the rectangular rubber column, and the mounting ear is connected to a concave-shaped bracket with an opening facing downward through a center hole pin; and a collecting groove is provided on the top of the concave-shaped bracket; a plurality of displacement holes are also provided on the mounting ear, and the concave-shaped bracket is connected to one of the displacement holes through a displacement hole pin.

[0007] Furthermore, the on-site landslide monitoring unit includes one or more embedded structures connected in series, each embedded structure includes a vacuum core and a protective cover sleeved over the vacuum core; the vacuum core includes a vacuumed glass hollow bottle body, and an interface for installing a negative pressure detection sensor is provided at the end of the glass hollow bottle body, and the negative pressure detection sensor is installed on the interface; the protective cover includes a foam body.

[0008] Furthermore, the hollow portion of the foam body that runs through the length direction is used to place the glass hollow bottle body; a U-shaped wiring groove that runs through the edge of the hollow portion is provided for sensor wiring; the glass hollow bottle body is inserted into the hollow portion of the foam body, and the glass hollow bottle body is in contact with the inner wall of the hollow portion.

[0009] Furthermore, connecting surfaces are arranged at both ends of the foam body, and connecting holes are opened on the connecting surfaces.

[0010] Furthermore, the cross section of the foam body is a parallelogram with unequal diagonals.

[0011] Furthermore, a mounting base is provided at the bottom of the fixed base, and a base mounting hole is provided on the mounting base.

[0012] Furthermore, a center hole is opened in the middle of the mounting ear, and after the center hole pin passes through the concave bracket and the center hole, the connection between the concave bracket and the mounting ear is realized; the number of the displacement holes is greater than or equal to 3, and the multiple displacement holes are distributed on the upper semicircle of a circle with the center of the center hole as the center and an arbitrary length as the radius.

[0013] Furthermore, the collecting trough adopts a shovel-shaped trough structure with one side open, and when installed, the open side of the collecting trough faces the direction of the mountain top.

[0014] Furthermore, a plurality of leakage holes are arranged at the bottom of the collecting tank.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has beneficial effects.

[0016] The utility model combines a remote landslide monitoring unit with an embedded on-site landslide monitoring unit, which can not only monitor the on-site landslide situation at the work station, but also monitor the landslide situation at the remote end, such as the top of the mountain, to achieve comprehensive monitoring of plateau landslide disasters.

[0017] Meanwhile, the monitoring device of the utility model has reasonable cost and low maintenance cost; when used in plateau areas, it is not affected by large temperature differences, bad weather and the like in the plateau. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. The protection scope of the utility model is not limited to the following descriptions.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a simulated view of the installation environment of a monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a front view of a remote landslide monitoring unit of a monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters;

[0021] Figure 3It is a monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters. The remote landslide monitoring unit has a three-dimensional visual Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters. The remote landslide monitoring unit has a three-dimensional visual Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional view of the rubber column part of the remote landslide monitoring unit of a monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters. The deformation main view of the remote landslide monitoring unit;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional view of the protective cover of a monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters;

[0026] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional view of the vacuum core of a monitoring device for plateau landslide hazards;

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a main view of the protective cover and vacuum core combination of a monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters;

[0028] Fig.10 The present invention is a main view of a controller of a monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters.

[0029] In the figure, 1 is a control unit, 2 is a vacuum core, 3 is a protective cover, 4 is a remote landslide monitoring unit, 5 is a cable, 6 is a shear failure surface, 7 is a first embedded structure, and 8 is a second embedded structure;

[0030] 101 is a column, 102 is a control box, and 103 is a solar panel;

[0031] 201 is a glass vacuum bottle body, and 202 is a negative pressure detection sensor;

[0032] 301 is a foam body, 302 is a connecting hole, 303 is a U-shaped wiring groove, and 304 is a hollow part;

[0033] 401 is a mounting base plate, 402 is a base plate mounting hole, 403 is a fixed base, 404 is a rectangular rubber column, 405 is a mounting ear, 406 is a center hole, 407 is a displacement hole, 408 is an axial strain gauge 1, 409 is an axial strain gauge 2, 410 is a concave bracket, 411 is a collection groove, 412 is a displacement hole pin, and 413 is a center hole pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present utility model, a specific implementation plan is provided as follows; and the following scheme is only for illustration.

[0035] like Figure 1-10 As shown, the monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters includes two monitoring units arranged along the same side of the mountain: a remote landslide monitoring unit 4 and an embedded on-site landslide monitoring unit; the embedded on-site landslide monitoring unit is located above the remote landslide monitoring unit 4 .

[0036] The remote landslide monitoring unit 4 includes a rigid fixed base 403, a rectangular rubber column 404 installed on the top of the fixed base 403, and an axial strain gauge 408 is provided on the opposite sides of the rectangular rubber column 404 to detect the deformation of the rectangular rubber column 404; a mounting ear 405 is provided on the top of the rectangular rubber column 404, and the mounting ear 405 is connected to a concave bracket 410 with an opening facing downward through a center hole pin 413 (rotation); and a collection groove 411 is provided on the top of the concave bracket 410; a plurality of displacement holes 407 are also provided on the mounting ear 405, and the concave bracket 410 is connected to one of the displacement holes 407 through a displacement hole pin 412. The displacement hole 407 is provided to adjust the inclination angle of the concave bracket 410, so that it can be adjusted to a suitable inclination angle according to the slope shape of different mountains, so that the monitoring is more accurate.

[0037] The on-site landslide monitoring unit includes one or more embedded structures connected in series (more means at least two and no more than 8), two or more embedded structures connected in series are connected head to tail through a connector, such as Figure 1 The first buried structure 7 and the second buried structure 8 are connected in series; for monitoring; each buried structure includes a vacuum core 2 and a protective cover 3 sleeved outside the vacuum core 2; the vacuum core 2 includes a vacuumed glass hollow bottle 201, and the end of the glass hollow bottle 201 is provided with an interface for installing a negative pressure detection sensor 202, and the interface is installed with a negative pressure detection sensor 202; the protective cover 3 includes a foam body 301. When in use, the buried structure is placed in the slope soil of the mountain.

[0038] 1. When a landslide occurs at the detection location, the soil layers will move relative to each other on the shear failure surface 6 of the mountain. The upper moving soil layer will generate a lateral shear force on the foam body 301. When the lateral shear force reaches a certain value, the foam body 301 and the hollow glass bottle body 201 installed inside are destroyed by the strong lateral shear force. At this time, the vacuum in the hollow glass bottle body 201 is destroyed, and the negative pressure detection sensor 202 sends a signal to the control unit 1 (i.e., the controller).

[0039] 2. When a landslide occurs at a long distance above the detection position (such as a mountain top), a large amount of rocks and moving soil layers will move to the bottom of the mountain. When the rock and soil layers move downward, they encounter the collection trough 411 of the remote landslide monitoring unit 4, and the rock and soil layers will quickly fill up the collection trough 411. When the collection trough 411 is filled with rock and soil layers in a short time, the rubber column 404 will become unstable due to the large mass of the materials in the collection trough 411 and the inability to withstand such a huge mass. The rubber column 404 will become unstable and bend in the moving direction of the rocks and moving soil layers. When the rubber column 404 bends to a certain extent, the strain sensors (i.e., axial strain gauge 1 408 and axial strain gauge 2 409) installed on both sides of the rubber column 404 are triggered, and the strain sensors send signals to the control unit 1 (controller). If the strain sensor signal recovers within a short time after being triggered, it means that it is a natural rockfall from the top of the mountain, rolling over the collection tank 411, and it is determined not to be a landslide; if the rubber column 404 continues to deform within a certain period of time (and within a short period of time) and the deformation continues to deepen, it means that a large amount of rockfall has occurred in a short period of time, and a landslide has occurred. Other situations are all considered to be natural rockfall and soil fall.

[0040] The coordinated monitoring of remote landslide monitoring units and embedded on-site landslide monitoring units can realize large-scale landslide monitoring. At the same time, the cost is reasonable and is not affected by factors such as climate.

[0041] Embodiment 1, in the embedded on-site landslide monitoring unit: the hollow part 304 of the foam body 301 that runs through along the length direction is used to place the glass hollow bottle body 201; the two ends of the foam body 301 are provided with connection surfaces, and the connection surfaces are provided with connection holes 302. The edge of the hollow part is provided with a U-shaped wiring groove 303 that runs through it, which is used for the wiring of the sensor cable; the glass hollow bottle body 201 is inserted into the hollow part 304 of the foam body 301, and the glass hollow bottle body 201 is in contact with the inner wall of the hollow part 304; that is, the glass hollow bottle body 201 is frictionally connected with the hollow part 304, or the radius of the glass hollow bottle body 201 is equal to or slightly greater than 1mm with the outer diameter of the hollow part 304, so that the glass hollow bottle body 201 can be inserted into the hollow part 304.

[0042] The cross section of the foam body 301 is a parallelogram with unequal diagonals. When in use, the long diagonal of the parallelogram is perpendicular to the slope of the mountain. When used in landslides, the force-bearing surface of the foam body 301 is large, and when landslides occur, the hollow glass bottle body 201 can be broken more easily, that is, it is more sensitive and higher.

[0043] In the embodiment 2, in the remote landslide monitoring unit 4: a mounting base plate 401 is provided at the bottom of the fixed base 403, and a base plate mounting hole 402 is provided on the mounting base plate 401. During construction, a platform is poured with cement at a suitable position of the mountain, and is fixed to the platform through the mounting base plate 401 through the anchor bolts and the base plate mounting hole 402. A center hole 406 is provided in the middle of the mounting ear 405. After the center hole pin 413 passes through the concave bracket 410 and the center hole 406, the connection between the concave bracket 410 and the mounting ear 405 is realized; the number of displacement holes 407 is greater than or equal to 3, and the multiple displacement holes 407 are distributed on the upper semicircle of a circle with the center of the center hole 406 as the center and an arbitrary length as the radius; that is, the center height of the displacement hole 407 is equal to or greater than the center height of the center hole 406, and the displacement holes 407 are distributed at equal intervals; because the bottom of the mounting ear 405 is fixedly connected to the rubber column 404, if it is distributed in the lower semicircle, it may cause mechanical interference or limit the tilt adjustment angle. And the tilt setting of the concave bracket 410 will not touch the axial strain gauge.

[0044] In Example 3, the collection trough 411 adopts a shovel-shaped trough structure with one side open, and when installed, the open side of the collection trough 411 faces the direction of the top of the mountain. It can better receive the soil and rocks falling from the top of the mountain during landslides. A plurality of leakage holes are set at the bottom of the collection trough 411. They are used for drainage when it rains, and for the falling of some floating soil, sand and gravel blown by the wind.

[0045] Embodiment 4, the sensor is connected to the control unit 1, and the control unit 1 (generally using a microcontroller such as a single chip microcomputer, which is a prior art, not an invention point, and will not be repeated.) receives the signal sent by each monitoring unit to determine the type of landslide. The control unit 1 is located in a control box 102, and the control box 102 is installed on a column 101. The control unit 1 is also connected to a solar panel 103 to power the control unit 1.

[0046] Working process and usage process introduction:

[0047] 1. First, install and fix the control unit 1 on the platform set in the monitoring area.

[0048] 2. Assemble a protective outer cover 3 and the vacuum core 2 ; that is, insert the vacuum core 2 into the hollow part of the protective outer cover 3 , and lead the cable part out from the protective outer cover 3 through the U-shaped wiring groove 303 .

[0049] 3. If the depth of the landslide to be monitored is relatively large, several protective covers 3 need to be assembled with the vacuum core 2 and then connected end to end with screws through connecting holes to form a combination of multiple series units (because the length of one protective cover 3 is fixed).

[0050] 4. The protective outer cover 3 is made of non-metallic dense foam material to protect the glass vacuum bottle body 201. At the same time, the strength of the protective outer cover 3 itself does not need to be too high, so as to facilitate deformation under the action of external force during landslides.

[0051] 5. The outer shape of the protective cover 3 adopts a parallelogram structure with one long and one short diagonal. During the installation process, the long diagonal is kept perpendicular to the mountain trend (mountain range direction) to increase the force-bearing area during landslides, which is convenient for deformation under the action of external forces during landslides (landslides occur from the top of the mountain to the bottom of the mountain).

[0052] 6. At a suitable position of the mountain slope, drill a deep hole perpendicular to the broken surface of the mountain, put the protective cover 3 with the vacuum core 2 into the deep hole for pre-embedding, and connect the corresponding sensor communication cable to the control unit 1.

[0053] 7. Then install and fix the remote landslide monitoring unit 4 on the designated platform area set in the monitoring area, align the mouth of the collection trough 411 with the top of the mountain, and adjust the relative angle between the U-shaped bracket (concave bracket 410) and the mounting ear 405 according to the slope of the bottom of the mountain, and then fix it through the displacement hole pin 412 (there are corresponding adjustment hole structures on the mounting ear 405 and the U-shaped bracket 410) to adjust the installation angle of the collection trough 411. The angle between the bottom of the normal collection trough 411 and the mountain slope is between 15° and 30°, which is the appropriate range.

[0054] 8. Landslide is a geological phenomenon in which the slope rock and soil body slides along the through shear failure surface. When a landslide occurs in the monitoring area, the shear surface of the slope rock and soil body is relatively displaced, causing the protective cover to be relatively displaced under the action of the shear force of the slope rock and soil body. At this time, the protective cover is deformed. When the deformation reaches a certain amount, the vacuum core glass vacuum bottle body 201 installed inside is broken. At the moment when the glass vacuum bottle body 201 is damaged, the vacuum inside the glass vacuum bottle body fails, and the trigger The negative pressure detection sensor 202 outputs a signal and sends it to the control unit 1 .

[0055] 9. However, in many cases, landslides did not occur in the monitoring area itself; A landslide occurs in a certain long-distance area at the top; when a landslide occurs at a long-distance position at the top of the monitoring area, the landslide soil slides down from the high slope. During the downward movement of the landslide, part of the soil enters the collecting trough 411. When the soil and rocks in the collecting trough 411 reach a certain weight (because the center of gravity of the collecting trough 411 is eccentric to the support point of the rubber column 404), the rubber column 404 is bent and deformed. Axial strain gauges are installed on both sides of the rubber column 404 (through the inner and outer strain gauge installation grooves). When the rubber column 404 is bent and deformed, the strain gauge is deformed. When the deformation reaches a certain value, the strain gauge is triggered. The chip transmits the signal to the control center.

[0056] 10. The fixed base 403 is made of metal, and the rubber column and mounting ears are made of rubber. do.

[0057] 11. A leakage hole is arranged at the bottom of the collecting tank 411 to facilitate the discharge of rainwater and dust.

[0058] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. Therefore, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters, comprising two monitoring units arranged along the same side of a mountain: a remote landslide monitoring unit and an embedded on-site landslide monitoring unit; characterized in that: The embedded on-site landslide monitoring unit is located above the remote landslide monitoring unit; The remote landslide monitoring unit includes a fixed base and a rectangular rubber column installed on the top of the fixed base. An axial strain gauge is provided on each opposite side of the rectangular rubber column to detect the deformation of the rectangular rubber column; a mounting ear is provided on the top of the rectangular rubber column, and the mounting ear is connected to a concave-shaped bracket with an opening facing downward through a center hole pin; and a collecting groove is provided on the top of the concave-shaped bracket; a plurality of displacement holes are also provided on the mounting ear, and the concave-shaped bracket is connected to one of the displacement holes through a displacement hole pin.

2. A monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The on-site landslide monitoring unit includes one or more embedded structures connected in series, each of which includes a vacuum core and a protective cover sleeved outside the vacuum core; the vacuum core includes a vacuumed glass hollow bottle body, and the end of the glass hollow bottle body is provided with an interface for installing a negative pressure detection sensor, and the negative pressure detection sensor is installed on the interface; the protective cover includes a foam body.

3. A monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hollow part of the foam body that runs through the length direction is used to place the glass hollow bottle body; a U-shaped wiring groove that runs through the edge of the hollow part is provided for sensor wiring; the glass hollow bottle body is inserted into the hollow part of the foam body, and the glass hollow bottle body is in contact with the inner wall of the hollow part.

4. A monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two ends of the foam body are provided with connection surfaces, and the connection surfaces are provided with connection holes.

5. The device for monitoring plateau landslide disasters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cross section of the foam body is a parallelogram with unequal diagonals.

6. The device for monitoring plateau landslide disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mounting base is disposed at the bottom of the fixed base, and a base mounting hole is disposed on the mounting base.

7. The device for monitoring plateau landslide disasters according to claim 1, characterized in that: A center hole is opened in the middle of the mounting ear, and the center hole pin passes through the concave bracket and the center hole to realize the connection between the concave bracket and the mounting ear; the number of the displacement holes is greater than or equal to 3, and the multiple displacement holes are distributed on the upper semicircle of a circle with the center of the center hole as the center and an arbitrary length as the radius.

8. A monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The collecting trough adopts a shovel-shaped trough structure with one side open, and when installed, the open side of the collecting trough faces the direction of the mountain top.

9. A monitoring device for plateau landslide disasters according to claim 8, characterized in that: A plurality of leakage holes are arranged at the bottom of the collecting tank.

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