Solar energy-hydrogen-retired electric vehicle battery multi-energy system with thermal and electric loops

Abstract

The utility model discloses a solar energy-hydrogen-decommissioned electric vehicle battery multi-energy system with heat and electricity loops. The solar energy-hydrogen-decommissioned electric vehicle battery multi-energy system comprises a decommissioned electric vehicle battery, a solar panel, a hydrogen electrolytic cell, a hydrogen fuel cell, a power grid, a waste heat recovery pipeline and a control coupling circuit. According to the utility model, electric energy generated by the solar panel can be transmitted to a heat and electricity loop, redundant electric energy can be stored in a retired electric automobile battery for standby application in the process, and generated hydrogen can be stored in a hydrogen storage tank for standby application or directly applied to a hydrogen fuel cell for power generation and heating; therefore, daily power supply requirements of small communities are met. The recycling of the retired electric vehicle battery can be achieved, the self-sufficiency of fuel can be met, and the comprehensive utilization rate of energy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of energy, in particular to a solar energy-hydrogen-retired electric vehicle battery multi-energy system with heat and electricity circuits. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread use of new energy vehicles, the use of new energy batteries has also increased significantly. When the capacity of the lithium battery pack of an electric vehicle drops below 80% of the designed capacity, it needs to be replaced. If the replaced waste batteries are not recycled and processed in time, the heavy metals and chemicals in them will seep into the ground, causing water pollution and ecosystem damage. According to current data, the theoretical recycling volume of power batteries in China is 241,000-750,000 tons, while the actual recycling volume is only 112,000-300,000 tons, with a relatively low increase. It can be seen that there are still certain defects in the current way of handling batteries in my country. At the same time, the safety and reliability of traditional recycling solutions are low. When handling lead-acid batteries, they usually need to be handled by professional waste battery recycling plants. If the acid is not treated according to standards, it will still cause irreversible harm to the environment. Therefore, it is imperative to stabilize the capacity of retired electric vehicle batteries through technical adjustments and improve the overall stability of batteries so that they can continue to be energy storage devices.

[0003] Photovoltaic power generation system is mainly composed of solar cells, batteries, controllers and inverters, among which solar cells are the key part of photovoltaic power generation system. Solar panels are semiconductor materials composed of a large number of PN junctions. When sunlight shines, photogenerated carriers lead to an increase in the concentration of minority carriers (electrons) in the P region and minority carriers (holes) in the N region. This makes the inward movement of the PN junction more intense, which in turn leads to the accumulation of holes in the P region and electrons in the N region, and finally accumulates to generate photoelectric potential.

[0004] The main way to utilize hydrogen is to generate water through a chemical reaction with oxygen, thereby releasing chemical energy. In this process, no other byproducts are produced except water, ensuring the efficiency and waste-free nature of the entire energy conversion process. At the same time, since no pollutants are produced, the utilization process of hydrogen energy is extremely clean. It is worth mentioning that the reserves of hydrogen in nature are extremely abundant, and the calorific value is as high as 1.43×10 7J / kg, and has great development prospects in the future new energy field. Hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells are batteries that use hydrogen as a reducing agent and oxygen as an oxidant to convert chemical energy into electrical energy through the combustion reaction of fuel. When working, hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen electrode, and oxygen is supplied to the oxygen electrode at the same time. Under the action of the catalyst on the electrode, hydrogen and oxygen generate water through the electrolyte. At this time, there are excess electrons on the hydrogen electrode and it is negatively charged, and the oxygen electrode is positively charged due to the lack of electrons. After the circuit is turned on, this reaction process similar to combustion can be carried out continuously. Since the efficiency limit of the thermodynamic Carnot heat engine does not need to be considered when the battery is working, it has extremely high power generation efficiency, which is conducive to efficient use of energy.

[0005] In the current circuit power supply mode, when two or more circuits form a network, if the current or voltage in one of the circuits changes, it can affect other circuits to undergo similar changes. This network is called a coupling circuit. The function of coupling is to transfer (or convert) the energy of a circuit to other circuits. If the solar power generation circuit and the retired electric vehicle battery discharge circuit are controlled and coupled with each other, the power generation method can be controlled by the power usage of the small community, and the retired electric vehicle batteries can be recycled. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the technical problems of low safety and reliability of existing retired electric vehicle battery recycling methods, and to provide a solar energy-hydrogen-retired electric vehicle battery multi-energy system with heat and electricity circuits, so that the retired batteries play the role of a "transfer station" and are reused as energy storage units in the system to provide heat and electricity for small-scale end users at the same time.

[0007] To achieve its purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A solar-hydrogen-retired electric vehicle battery multi-energy system with a heat and electricity circuit includes a retired electric vehicle battery, the retired electric vehicle battery is electrically connected to a solar panel, the solar panels are electrically connected to a hydrogen-hydrogen electrolyzer and a power grid, respectively; the hydrogen-hydrogen electrolyzer is connected to an inlet of a hydrogen storage tank, the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank is connected to a hydrogen inlet of a hydrogen fuel cell, and the hydrogen fuel cell is connected to a water waste heat recovery pipeline.

[0009] As a further improvement of the utility model, the water waste heat recovery pipeline includes a hot water pipe and a cold water pipe.

[0010] The hydrogen fuel cell is connected to the water heater tank through a hot water pipe and a cold water pipe respectively. A water outlet pipe and a water inlet pipe are respectively arranged at the bottom of the water heater tank. The water heater tank is connected to the solar water heater tank through cold and hot water pipes respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, a voltage regulating rectifier is provided between the solar panel and the power grid.

[0012] Furthermore, the hydrogen fuel cell is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0014] The utility model device as a whole is composed of two parts: an electric circuit and a thermal circuit. The electric circuit part is mainly composed of photovoltaic power generation by solar panels, which converts part of solar energy into electrical energy, and transmits the electrical energy to the power grid and retired electric vehicle batteries after passing through a voltage regulating rectifier. The electric circuit is powered by a controlled coupling circuit, that is, a solar power generation circuit and a retired electric vehicle discharge circuit; the electrical energy stored in the retired electric vehicle battery is used to supply power in the absence of light. In this process, the retired electric vehicle battery plays the role of a "transfer station" in the system and is reused as an energy storage unit. The thermal circuit part is mainly composed of photovoltaic power generation by solar panels, which provides electricity to the hydrogen electrolyzer. The hydrogen produced by the hydrogen electrolyzer is stored in a hydrogen storage tank and transmitted to a hydrogen fuel cell for electrochemical reaction, and the waste heat in the process is recovered, and then the water in the water heater tank is heated by the waste heat, and finally "double heating" is performed in conjunction with the solar water heater.

[0015] In summary, the utility model is mainly driven by solar energy to realize the supply of heat and electricity, and by utilizing the remaining capacity of waste electric vehicle batteries, a solar energy-hydrogen-retired electric vehicle battery multi-energy system is constructed, and photovoltaic heating, photovoltaic hydrogen production, hydrogen fuel cells and other systems are used to meet the power supply needs of small communities. The utility model can realize the safe and high-utilization recycling of retired electric vehicle batteries, has a wide range of applications, high application value and good application prospects, and has good prospects for large-scale promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the device of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the components and internal reaction mechanism of PEMFC;

[0018] Figure numerals: 1. Retired electric vehicle battery; 2. Solar panel; 3. Voltage regulating rectifier; 4. Hydrogen fuel cell; 5. Hydrogen storage tank; 6. Hydrogen electrolyzer; 7. Water heater; 8. Solar water heater; 9. Power grid; 11. Hot water pipe; 12. Cold water pipe; 13. Water outlet pipe; 14. Water inlet pipe; 15. Water waste heat recovery pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] See attached Figure 1 The utility model provides a solar-hydrogen-retired electric vehicle battery multi-energy system with heat and electricity circuits, including a retired electric vehicle battery 1, the retired electric vehicle battery 1 is electrically connected to a solar panel 2, the solar panel 2 is electrically connected to a hydrogen electrolyzer 6 and a power grid 9 respectively, and a voltage regulating rectifier 3 is arranged between the solar panel 2 and the power grid 9; the hydrogen electrolyzer 6 is connected to the inlet of a hydrogen storage tank 5, the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank 5 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of a hydrogen fuel cell 4, and the hydrogen fuel cell 4 is connected to a water waste heat recovery pipeline 15. Photovoltaic power generation is carried out through the solar panel 2, part of the solar energy is converted into electrical energy, and the electrical energy is transmitted to the power grid 9 and the retired electric vehicle battery 1 after passing through the voltage regulating rectifier 3. When the electrical circuit is powered, the power supply is supplied by a control coupling circuit, that is, a solar power generation circuit and a retired electric vehicle discharge circuit; the electrical energy stored in the retired electric vehicle battery is used to supply power in the absence of light. In this process, the retired electric vehicle battery plays the role of a "transfer station" in the system and is reused as an energy storage unit.

[0021] Specifically, the water waste heat recovery pipeline 15 includes a hot water pipe 11 and a cold water pipe 12. The hydrogen fuel cell 4 is connected to the water tank of the water heater 7 through the hot water pipe 11 and the cold water pipe 12 respectively. The bottom of the water tank of the water heater 7 is provided with a water outlet pipe 13 and a water inlet pipe 14 respectively; the water tank of the water heater 7 is connected to the water tank of the solar water heater 8 through cold and hot water pipes respectively. Photovoltaic power generation is performed through the solar panel 2 to provide electricity to the hydrogen electrolyzer 6. The hydrogen produced by the hydrogen electrolyzer 6 is stored in the hydrogen storage tank 5 and transported to the hydrogen fuel cell 4 for electrochemical reaction, and the waste heat in the process is recovered, and then the water in the water tank of the water heater 7 is heated by the waste heat, and finally "double heating" is performed in conjunction with the solar water heater 8.

[0022] The above structure is used to reasonably recover the heat energy generated by the hydrogen fuel cell 4 during the combustion and electricity generation process, so as to realize the rational application of resources. The heat energy is extracted from the water used to clean the exhaust gas and cool the hydrogen fuel cell 4 and the exhaust gas discharged after cleaning. The water used to clean the exhaust gas enters the water tank of the water heater 7 through the water waste heat recovery pipeline 15 to heat the water in the water tank of the water heater 7. The heated water returns to the hydrogen fuel cell 4 again for further cleaning and cooling, and is circulated for use.

[0023] While the waste heat of the hydrogen fuel cell 4 is being recovered, the solar water heater 8 can reduce the reliance on the heat generated by the fuel cell 4 to achieve water heating. The solar water heater 8 converts light energy into heat energy, and the heat energy generated is used to heat the water, and then the water in the water heater 7 is alternately heated through the cold and hot water pipes connected to the water heater 7, so that the water in the water heater 7 is quickly heated.

[0024] In the present invention, the hydrogen fuel cell 4 is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), which is mainly composed of a membrane electrode and a current collecting plate. 2 and O 2 They enter the anode chamber and cathode chamber respectively, diffuse through the electrode diffusion layer to the interface between the catalyst layer and the proton exchange membrane, and produce oxidation and reduction reactions respectively under the action of the catalyst. + ) is conducted to the anode through the proton exchange membrane, and the electrons generated by the anode reaction reach the cathode through the external circuit to form a discharge current; the generated water is discharged from the cathode chamber in the form of water vapor or condensed water along with the excess cathode reaction gas.

[0025] The heat generation process of the PEMFC system is as follows: the main heat generation sources of the entire fuel cell system are the fuel cell stack and the intercooler group. During the entire PEMFC operation process, the heat generation of the stack accounts for more than 99% of the heat dissipation requirements of the thermal management system, while the heat dissipation requirements of the intercooler group account for less than 1%. Therefore, the heat generation analysis of the PEMFC system mainly focuses on the heat generation of the stack. Figure 2 The components and internal reaction mechanism of PEMFC are described. The proton exchange membrane (PEM) and the catalyst layers, gas diffusion layers and bipolar plates on both sides together form a PEMFC monomer. Hydrogen undergoes oxidation reaction at the anode and separates into electrons and protons, and oxygen undergoes reduction reaction at the cathode and combines with protons and electrons to generate water.

[0026] During the operation of the multi-energy system of the utility model, when there is sufficient sunlight during the day, the solar panel 2 mainly generates photovoltaic power to provide electricity to the hydrogen electrolyzer 6, and some of the excess electricity is stored in the retired electric vehicle battery 1 and transmitted to the power grid 9 after passing through the voltage regulating rectifier 3. The hydrogen electrolyzer 6 starts to produce hydrogen after obtaining the photovoltaic power of the solar panel 2. The produced hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage tank 5 and transmitted to the hydrogen fuel cell 4 for electrochemical reaction. The waste heat is absorbed in the process of the fuel cell 4 generating electricity, and then the waste heat is used to heat the water, and then the solar water heater 8 is used for double heating.

[0027] When there is no light at night, the electricity stored in the retired electric vehicle battery 1 by the photovoltaic power generation of the solar panel 2 during the day is used to provide electricity to the hydrogen electrolyzer 6 to produce hydrogen, so that the hydrogen fuel cell 4 can continue to provide power even when there is no light at night. Furthermore, the water heater 7 can continue to work at night to provide heat energy. The retired electric vehicle battery 1 plays the role of a "transfer station" in the system and is reused as an energy storage unit.

Claims

1. A solar-hydrogen-retired electric vehicle battery multi-energy system with heat and electricity circuits, characterized in that: The invention comprises a retired electric vehicle battery (1), wherein the retired electric vehicle battery (1) is electrically connected to a solar panel (2), and the solar panel (2) is electrically connected to a hydrogen-hydrogen electrolyzer (6) and a power grid (9) respectively; the hydrogen-hydrogen electrolyzer (6) is connected to an inlet of a hydrogen storage tank (5), and the outlet of the hydrogen storage tank (5) is connected to a hydrogen inlet of a hydrogen fuel cell (4), and the hydrogen fuel cell (4) is connected to a water waste heat recovery pipeline (15).

2. A solar-hydrogen-retired electric vehicle battery multi-energy system with a heat and electricity circuit as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The water waste heat recovery pipeline (15) comprises a hot water pipe (11) and a cold water pipe (12); the hydrogen fuel cell (4) is connected to a water tank of a water heater (7) through the hot water pipe (11) and the cold water pipe (12), respectively; a water outlet pipe (13) and a water inlet pipe (14) are respectively provided at the bottom of the water tank of the water heater (7); the water tank of the water heater (7) is connected to a water tank of a solar water heater (8) through cold and hot water pipes, respectively.

3. A solar-hydrogen-retired electric vehicle battery multi-energy system with a heat and electricity circuit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A voltage regulating rectifier (3) is provided between the solar panel (2) and the power grid (9).

4. A solar-hydrogen-retired electric vehicle battery multi-energy system with a heat and electricity circuit as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen fuel cell (4) is a proton exchange membrane fuel cell.

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