Odd-layer flat wire stator and motor

Abstract

The utility model relates to an odd-layer flat wire stator, which comprises a stator core, a plurality of stator slots are arranged on the stator core along the circumferential direction of the stator core in an array manner, the plurality of stator slots extend towards the radial outer side along the inner wall of the stator core, and the plurality of stator slots penetrate through the stator core along the axial direction of the stator core; the stator core is provided with 4L stator slots, and L is a positive integer; the windings are inserted into the plurality of stator slots of the stator core, the windings form M layers in each stator slot of the plurality of stator slots along the radial direction of the stator core, and M is an odd number and is greater than or equal to 3; the winding comprises multiple phases of sub-windings; each phase of the multi-phase sub-winding comprises a branch, the branch comprises a plurality of conductors which are connected in series, and the plurality of conductors comprise hairpin wires with various pitches. The winding of the odd number layers is formed, and the technical problem that the winding of the even number layers cannot meet the power and the torque at the same time when the boundary is specifically designed can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to an odd-number-layer flat wire stator and a motor. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, flat wire motors have been increasingly used in the field of new energy vehicles due to their advantages such as high slot fill rate, good heat dissipation effect and low height of winding ends. Compared with traditional round wire motors, the peak and continuous power of flat wire motors have been greatly improved. Flat wire motors include rotors and flat wire stators. Flat wire stators include iron cores, insulating paper and flat wire windings. Flat wire windings are connected and welded by hairpin coils inserted into the iron core slots. Its composition structure and connection sequence have an important influence on the performance and process of flat wire motors. The fewer types of hairpin coil structures used, the lower the difficulty of the production process and the higher the production efficiency. The more types of hairpin coil structures used, the lower the production efficiency.

[0003] In the existing flat wire stator winding design, even-layer windings are mostly used. At a specific design boundary, technical problems may arise in which both power and torque cannot be met at the same time. At the same time, the winding scheme design mostly uses a variety of span hairpin coil connections, resulting in a variety of line types and high end heights, which leads to difficult production processes, low production efficiency, and high costs. In addition, the stator windings mostly use a slot distribution structure with the same slot and the same phase, and the winding has a high harmonic content. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide an odd-layer flat wire stator and a motor. The specific technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0005] An odd-layer flat wire stator comprises a stator core, wherein the stator core has a plurality of stator slots arranged in a circumferential array, the plurality of stator slots extend radially outward along the inner wall of the stator core, and the plurality of stator slots penetrate the stator core along the axial direction of the stator core; the stator core has 4L stator slots, where L is a positive integer; and a winding, wherein the winding is inserted into the plurality of stator slots of the stator core, and the winding forms M layers radially along the stator core inside each of the plurality of stator slots, where M is an odd number and M≥3; the winding comprises a multi-phase sub-winding; each phase in the multi-phase sub-winding comprises a branch, wherein the branch comprises a plurality of conductors connected in series, and the plurality of conductors comprises hairpin wires of various pitches. The present application forms an odd-numbered winding, and this arrangement can solve the technical problem that an even-numbered winding cannot simultaneously meet power and torque requirements when a specific design boundary is encountered.

[0006] Optionally, the winding method of the branch circuit is: multiple hairpin wires are arranged in the same outermost layer away from the center of the stator core, and multiple hairpin wires are arranged in other two adjacent layers, so as to facilitate the insertion of multiple hairpin wires.

[0007] Optionally, the plurality of hairpin wires in the branch are continuously wound from the Mth layer of the stator slot of the stator core to the first layer along the circumferential direction A of the stator core and form M turns, and then are continuously wound from the first layer of the stator slot of the stator core in the direction opposite to A to the Mth layer and form M turns. The winding method is simple, and this winding method makes the height of both ends of the winding lower, which can reduce the cost of the motor.

[0008] Optionally, the branch includes a plurality of first winding units, each of which includes a plurality of hairpins, and the plurality of hairpins are wound from the Mth layer of the stator slot of the stator core to the first layer along the A direction of the circumference of the stator core, and then wound from the first layer of the stator slot of the stator core to the Mth layer in the direction opposite to A. The winding method is simple, and this winding method makes the height of both ends of the winding lower, which can reduce the cost of the motor.

[0009] Optionally, the plurality of conductors include hairpin wires of three pitches y1, y2, and y3, wherein y1=t, y2=t+1, and y3=t+2, wherein t is the pole pitch, and t=number of stator slots / number of poles. The hairpin wires have fewer types of wires, which greatly simplifies the connection method of the winding, reduces the process difficulty, and improves production efficiency.

[0010] Optionally, the pitch of the hairpin wires of the branch arranged in the first radial layer of the stator core is 7, 6, and the pitch of the hairpin wires arranged in other adjacent layers is 6, 7, 8. The hairpin wires have fewer types of wires, which greatly simplifies the connection method of the winding, reduces the process difficulty, and improves the production efficiency.

[0011] Optionally, the number of slots per pole per phase is 2, and the conductors between adjacent layers of the plurality of stator slots per pole per phase are staggered by one stator slot along the circumferential direction of the stator core, so that the winding can form a same-slot-different-phase structure, and the harmonic content of the winding can be reduced, so as to improve the efficiency of the motor.

[0012] Optionally, the number of conductors of the same phase arranged in adjacent stator slots is (M+1) / 2, M, (M-1) / 2, which facilitates the winding to form a same slot different phase structure, and can reduce the harmonic content of the winding, so as to improve the efficiency of the motor.

[0013] Optionally, the winding includes a three-phase sub-winding, each phase winding of the three-phase sub-winding includes a branch, and the lead-in end and the lead-out end of each phase sub-winding branch are arranged at the Mth layer of the plurality of stator slots. This winding method makes the outlet positions of the plurality of hairpin wires relatively concentrated, which is convenient for the design of the lead-out copper bar or bus bar.

[0014] A motor comprises a rotating shaft; a rotor, the rotor being sleeved on the rotating shaft; and any one of the flat wire stators described above, the flat wire stator being coaxially arranged with the rotor. The motor is used to drive a vehicle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Other features and advantages of the present invention are described below, which explains the present invention in more detail based on embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flat wire stator of the utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the flat wire stator of the utility model from another perspective;

[0018] Figure 3 It is an axial schematic diagram of the stator core of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the stator core of the utility model when it is fully filled with conductors;

[0020] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the second hairpin line of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth hairpin line of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 It is a winding diagram of a U-phase winding, a W-phase winding and a V-phase winding in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 8 It is a winding diagram of the U-phase winding, the W-phase winding and the V-phase winding of the second embodiment of the utility model.

[0024] Among them, the main marks of the drawings in the figure are as follows:

[0025] 1- stator core, 11- stator slot, 12- round hole, 2- winding, 2a- crown end, 2b- welding end, 21- U phase winding, 22- W phase winding, 23- V phase winding, 3- conductor, 4- second hairpin wire, 5- fourth hairpin wire, 41a, 51a- left plug-in section, 41b, 51b- right plug-in section, 43, 53- connecting section, 42a, 52a- left torsion section, 42b, 52b- right torsion section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] Embodiment 1

[0028] An odd-layer flat wire stator comprises a stator core 1, wherein the stator core 1 is a hollow columnar structure, the stator core 1 has an inner wall close to its center, the stator core 1 is provided with a plurality of stator slots, the plurality of stator slots 11 penetrate the stator core 1 along the axial direction of the stator core 1, the plurality of stator slots 11 extend radially from the inner wall of the stator core 1, and the plurality of stator slots 11 are distributed in a circumferential array along the stator core 1; the stator core is provided with 4L stator slots, where L is a positive integer; and a winding 2, the winding 2 is inserted into the plurality of stator slots 11 of the stator core 1, the winding 2 forms M layers along the radial direction of the stator core 1 inside each of the plurality of stator slots 11, where M is an odd number and M≥3; the winding 2 comprises a multi-phase sub-winding; each phase in the multi-phase sub-winding comprises a branch, each branch comprises a plurality of conductors 3 connected in series, and the plurality of conductors 3 comprises hairpin wires of various pitches.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the stator core 1 of this embodiment is a hollow cylindrical structure. The stator core 1 has an inner wall close to the center of the stator core 1 in the radial direction. The stator core 1 is provided with a plurality of stator slots 11 penetrating the stator core 1 in the axial direction. The plurality of stator slots 11 are distributed in a circumferential array along the stator core 1. The plurality of stator slots 11 extend radially from the inner wall of the stator core 1. The stator core 1 of this embodiment has 48 stator slots 11. For ease of understanding, the number of each stator slot 11 is defined along the circumference of the stator core 1. It should be noted that the starting position of each branch can select any stator slot 11. This embodiment only provides an explanation of one embodiment. The stator core 1 is also provided with a plurality of circular holes 12 for fixing bolts. Four circular holes 12 are provided in this embodiment, and a plurality of stator punchings are fixedly connected by bolts. Figure 1 As shown, the winding 2 is formed by winding a plurality of conductors 3 in a plurality of stator slots 11. The cross-section of the conductor 3 used in this example includes but is not limited to a rectangle, and may also be a flat cross-section such as a trapezoid, that is, a flat wire winding. The use of a flat wire winding facilitates improving the slot filling rate of the winding 2, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor; the plurality of conductors 3 form M layers in the plurality of stator slots 11 along the radial direction of the stator core 1, M is an odd number and M≥3, in this example M=5, so the winding 2 forms 5 layers in the plurality of stator slots 11, for ease of understanding, as shown in FIG. Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the first layer, the second layer, the third layer, the fourth layer and the fifth layer are defined in sequence from the end farthest from the center of the stator core 1 toward the center of the circle; in another embodiment, the first layer to the fifth layer are defined in sequence from the end close to the center of the stator core toward the radial direction away from the center of the circle. The winding methods of the two embodiments are the same, and this embodiment is also within the protection scope of the present application.

[0030] In some embodiments, the winding method of the branch circuit is as follows: a plurality of hairpin wires are wired across the same layer of the first layer of the stator slots of the stator core 1, and a plurality of hairpin wires are wired across every other two adjacent layers.

[0031] This example takes the U-phase winding as an example. Figure 7 As shown, for the hairpin wires arranged on the outermost layer of the stator core 1, one of the inserted sections is arranged in slot No. 1 of the first layer, and the other inserted section is arranged in slot No. 8 of the first layer, and therefore they are arranged on the same layer; one inserted section of another hairpin wire is arranged in slot No. 1 of the fifth layer, and the other inserted section is arranged in slot No. 8 of the fourth layer; one inserted section of yet another hairpin wire is arranged in slot No. 1 of the third layer, and the other inserted section is arranged in slot No. 8 of the second layer; therefore, multiple hairpin wires are arranged across the wires on each other adjacent two sides.

[0032] In some embodiments, multiple hairpin wires in the branch are continuously wound along the circumferential direction A of the stator core 1 from the Mth layer of the stator slots of the stator core 1 to the radial first layer and form M turns, and then continuously wound from the first layer of the stator slots of the stator core 1 in the direction opposite to A to the radial Mth layer and form M turns.

[0033] Since M=5 in this example, the multiple hairpin wires in each branch are continuously wound from the 5th layer of the stator slot of the stator core 1 to the 1st layer along the circumferential direction A of the stator core 1 and form 3 turns, and then continuously wound from the 1st layer of the stator slot of the stator core 1 in the opposite direction to A to the 5th layer and form 3 turns; taking the U phase winding as an example, Figure 7As shown, the U-phase winding includes a branch, the introduction end of the branch is arranged in the 5th layer No. 1 slot of the stator slot, and then a plurality of hairpins are arranged along the circumference of the stator core 1 in the direction A between the 5th layer and the 4th layer to form 2 turns, and then a plurality of hairpins are arranged along the circumference of the stator core 1 in the direction A between the 3rd layer and the 2nd layer to form 2 turns, and then a plurality of hairpins are arranged along the circumference of the stator core 1 in the direction A in the 1st layer to form 1 turn, so that 5 consecutive turns are arranged along the A direction; then the direction is reversed, and a plurality of hairpins are arranged along the circumference of the stator core 1 in the direction opposite to A. A plurality of hairpins are arranged along the circumference of the stator core 1 in the direction opposite to A, and then two turns are formed by crossing the wires between the second and third layers. Finally, two turns are formed by crossing the wires between the fourth and fifth layers along the circumference of the stator core 1 in the direction opposite to A, and finally the hairpins are led out from the fifth layer, so that five consecutive turns are arranged in the direction opposite to A. A can be either a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction, and the winding direction is not specifically limited in the present application. This winding method is simple and simplifies the difficulty of assembly.

[0034] Take the U-phase winding branch as an example, Figure 7As shown, a plurality of hairpin wires are wound two turns along the circumference of the stator core 1 in direction A between the 5th layer and the 4th layer, specifically introduced from slot No. 1 of the 5th layer, and sequentially arranged in slot No. 8 of the 4th layer, slot No. 13 of the 5th layer, slot No. 20 of the 4th layer, slot No. 25 of the 5th layer, slot No. 32 of the 4th layer, slot No. 37 of the 5th layer, and slot No. 45 of the 4th layer. The above is the first turn wound in direction A; then a plurality of hairpin wires continue to be wound between the 5th layer and the 4th layer. , arranged in slot 2 on the 5th layer, slot 9 on the 4th layer, slot 14 on the 5th layer, slot 21 on the 4th layer, slot 26 on the 5th layer, slot 33 on the 4th layer, slot 38 on the 5th layer, and slot 44 on the 4th layer, which is the second circle wound in direction A; then change layers, and multiple hairpin wires are arranged in slot 1 on the 3rd layer, slot 8 on the 2nd layer, slot 13 on the 3rd layer, slot 20 on the 2nd layer, slot 25 on the 3rd layer, slot 32 on the 2nd layer, and slot 46 on the 3rd layer. The third circle is wound in direction A. Then, multiple hairpins are wound between the 3rd and 2nd layers, and are arranged in slot 2 on the 3rd layer, slot 9 on the 2nd layer, slot 14 on the 3rd layer, slot 21 on the 2nd layer, slot 26 on the 3rd layer, slot 33 on the 2nd layer, slot 38 on the 3rd layer, and slot 44 on the 2nd layer, which is the fourth circle wound in direction A. Then, the layers are changed again, and multiple hairpins are wound in sequence. It is arranged in 1 circle, and is arranged in sequence in slot No. 1 of the 1st layer, slot No. 8 of the 1st layer, slot No. 13 of the 1st layer, slot No. 20 of the 1st layer, slot No. 25 of the 1st layer, slot No. 32 of the 1st layer, slot No. 37 of the 1st layer, and slot No. 43 of the 1st layer. The above is the fifth circle wound in direction A; then the direction is reversed, and five circles are formed from the 1st layer of the stator slots of the stator core 1 to the radial 5th layer in the direction opposite to A; this winding method is simple and simplifies the difficulty of assembly.

[0035] In some embodiments, the number of slots per pole per phase is 2, and the multiple hairpins located between adjacent layers of the multiple stator slots 11 per pole per phase are staggered by one stator slot 11 along the circumferential direction of the stator core 1 .

[0036] The number of poles of the motor in this embodiment is 8; the number of poles refers to the number of magnetic poles of the motor. The magnetic poles are divided into N poles and S poles. Generally, the number of magnetic poles appears in pairs. Generally, one N pole and one S pole are called a pair of magnetic poles, that is, the number of pole pairs is 1. In this example, the number of slots per pole per phase is 2. The number of slots per pole per phase refers to the number of slots occupied by each phase sub-winding under each magnetic pole. Figure 7As shown, taking one pole of the U-phase winding as an example, the conductors located at the 1st, 3rd and 5th layers are arranged in slots 1 and 2, and the conductors located at the 2nd and 4th layers are arranged in slots 2 and 3, that is, the U-phase winding occupies 2 stator slots under each magnetic pole, and the conductors between each adjacent layer are staggered by one stator slot 11 along the circumferential direction of the stator core; in this way, windings of different phases are arranged in slots 1 and 3; the winding 2 of each pole is wound in the same way, and according to this rule, the position of the remaining windings 2 of each pole can be determined, so that each phase sub-winding forms a same-slot different-phase structure, and this arrangement of same-slot different-phase windings can reduce the harmonic content of the winding 2, so as to improve the efficiency of the motor.

[0037] In some embodiments, the number of conductors of the same phase arranged in three adjacent stator slots 11 is (M+1) / 2, M, (M-1) / 2.

[0038] In the present application, the number of conductors arranged in three adjacent stator slots of the same phase is (M+1) / 2, M, (M-1) / 2, where M is the number of layers of the winding, and M=5 in this example. Therefore, the number of conductors arranged in three adjacent stator slots 11 of the same phase is 3, 5, and 2; specifically, Figure 7 As shown, taking the branch of the U-phase winding as an example, wherein each pole includes 6 stator slots, and taking slots 1 to 6 as an example, the U-phase winding is provided with 3 conductors located at the 1st, 3rd and 5th layers in slot 1, 5 conductors located at the 1st to 5th layers in slot 2, and 2 conductors located at the 2nd and 5th layers in slot 3.

[0039] In some embodiments, the plurality of conductors 3 include hairpins with three pitches: y1, y2, and y3, where y1=t, y2=t+1, and y3=t+2, wherein t is the pole pitch and t=number of stator slots / number of poles.

[0040] In some embodiments, the pitch of the multiple hairpins of the branch arranged in the first layer of the multiple stator slots 11 of the stator core 1 is 6, 7, and the pitch of the multiple hairpins arranged in other adjacent layers is 6, 7, 8.

[0041] In the present application, the number of stator slots is 48 and the number of poles is 8, so the pole pitch t=6, then y1=6, y2=7, y3=8, the winding of this example includes three pitches of hairpin wires, among which the pitch of the first hairpin wire y1=6, the pitch of the second hairpin wire 4 y2=7, and the pitch of the third hairpin wire y3=8; the pitch refers to the number of stator slots 11 occupied by two plug-in sections of a single hairpin wire; if the pitch is 8, that is, one plug-in section of the hairpin wire is embedded in the 1st slot, and the other plug-in section is embedded in the 9th slot, and the distance between the center lines of the two stator slots 11 where the two plug-in sections are located is 8 slots (the 1st slot and the 9th slot are each counted as half a slot); multiple first hairpin wires, multiple second hairpin wires 4 and multiple third hairpin wires are continuously wound to form a winding 2.

[0042] like Figure 5 As shown, the second hairpin wire 4 includes a left plug-in section 41a accommodated in the stator core 1 and a right plug-in section 41b parallel to the left plug-in section 41a, a portion of the left plug-in section 41a near the lower end is twisted in a direction away from the right plug-in section 41b to form a left twisted section 42a, and a portion of the right plug-in section 41b near the lower end is twisted in a direction away from the left plug-in section 41a to form a right twisted section 42b, and a plurality of left twisted sections 42a and right twisted sections 42b of the second hairpin wire 4 are connected. 42b extends out of one end of the stator core 1 along the axial direction of the stator core 1 to form a welding end 2b, and multiple hairpin wires are welded through the welding end to form a continuous winding 2; the second hairpin wire 4 also includes a connecting section 43, the left end of the connecting section 43 is connected to the upper end of the left plug-in section 41a, and the right end of the connecting section 43 is connected to the upper end of the right plug-in section 41b. The connecting sections 43 of multiple second hairpin wires 4 extend out of the other end of the stator core 1 along the axial direction of the stator core 1 to form a crown end 2a.

[0043] The branch of the U-phase winding also includes a plurality of first hairpins and a plurality of third hairpins. The first hairpins and the third hairpins have the same appearance as the second hairpins, but differ in pitch. The pitch of the third hairpin is 8, and the third hairpin is arranged at the last of the first circle of hairpins between adjacent layers, so that the plurality of hairpins continue to be wound one circle between adjacent layers. For example, in the branch of the U-phase winding, a plurality of second hairpins are wound between the 5th layer and the 4th layer, and the last of the first circle between the 5th layer and the 4th layer is the third hairpin, and the two plug-in sections are respectively arranged In slot 37 of the 5th layer and slot 45 of the 4th layer, multiple second hairpins 4 are then wound one circle on the 5th layer and the 4th layer; the pitch of the first hairpin is 6, and the first hairpin is set at the last of two circles of hairpins between adjacent layers, so that the winding can change layers; for example, multiple hairpins in the branch of the U-phase winding are wound 2 circles on the 5th layer and the 4th layer, and the last of the second circle is the first hairpin, and the two plug-in sections of the first hairpin are respectively set in slot 38 of the 5th layer and slot 44 of the 4th layer, and then multiple hairpins are set across to the 3rd layer and the 2nd layer for winding. The first hairpin, the second hairpin 4 and the third hairpin can also be formed by bending continuous conductors.

[0044] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the branch of the U-phase winding also includes a fourth hairpin 5, and the pitch of the fourth hairpin 5 is 6; the fourth hairpin 5 includes a left plug-in section 51a accommodated in the stator core 1 and a right plug-in section 51b parallel to the left plug-in section 51a, a part of the left plug-in section 51a near the lower end is twisted in a direction away from the right plug-in section 51b to form a left twisted section 52a, and a part of the right plug-in section 51b near the lower end is twisted in a direction close to the left plug-in section 51a to form a right twisted section 52b, and a plurality of fourth hairpins are connected to the stator core 1. The left twisting section 52a and the right twisting section 52b of the wire 5 extend out of one end of the stator core 1 along the axial direction of the stator core 1 to form a welding end 2b, and multiple hairpin wires are welded through the welding end to form a continuous winding 2; the fourth hairpin wire 5 also includes a connecting section 53, the left end of the connecting section 53 is connected to the upper end of the left plug-in section 51a, and the right end of the connecting section 53 is connected to the upper end of the right plug-in section 51b. The connecting sections 53 of multiple fourth hairpin wires 5 extend out of the other end of the stator core 1 along the axial direction of the stator core to form a crown end 2a. When multiple hairpin wires are continuously wound along the axial direction of the stator core 1 in the A direction from the 5th layer of the stator slot of the stator core 1 to the 1st layer in the radial direction, the last hairpin wire of the winding in the A direction uses the fourth hairpin wire 5, which is convenient for realizing the reversal of the winding, and then multiple hairpin wires are wound in the opposite direction of A.

[0045] In this embodiment, after multiple hairpin wires are inserted into multiple stator slots 11, the plug-in section extending out of the stator core 1 is twisted to form a twisted section. The twisting direction is shown by the second hairpin wire 4 and the fourth hairpin wire 5. This winding method is simple, reduces the difficulty of the process, and improves production efficiency.

[0046] In some embodiments, the winding 2 includes a three-phase sub-winding, each phase winding of the three-phase sub-winding includes a branch, and the lead-in end and the lead-out end of the branch of each phase sub-winding are arranged in the 5th layer of multiple stator slots of the stator core 1.

[0047] The flat wire stator of the present application includes three-phase sub-windings, namely, U-phase winding, V-phase winding and W-phase winding. The three-phase sub-windings are wound in the same manner, and each phase sub-winding is separated by one stator slot; the three-phase sub-windings are rotationally symmetrically arranged along the axis of the stator core 1, and each phase sub-winding includes a branch. This example takes the U-phase winding as an example for detailed description, and the lead-in end and the lead-out end of the branch are arranged on the same layer. In this example, the lead-in end and the lead-out end of the branch are both arranged on the 5th layer, that is, a layer close to the center of the stator core; Figure 7 As shown, it is the winding diagram of the U-phase winding branch, where U is defined as the lead-in end of the branch, which is set in slot No. 1 on the 5th layer; X is defined as the lead-out end of the branch, which is set in slot No. 44 on the 5th layer; this setting method can concentrate the lead-out position, which is convenient for leading out the copper bus or connecting with the bus.

[0048] For ease of understanding, Figure 3 As shown, the specific starting position of the stator slot 11 is defined. The stator core 1 of this embodiment has 48 stator slots 11, which are numbered in a clockwise direction along the circumference of the stator core 1. The numbers represent the numbers of the stator slots 11 accommodated by the plug-in section of the conductor 3; Figure 4 As shown, the arrow points to the center of the stator core 1, and the numbers are sequentially inward from the direction farthest from the center. L1 represents the number of the layer where the conductor 3 is located in the stator slot 11; for example, 1L1 indicates that a plug-in section of the first hairpin is located at the first layer of the first stator slot 11. It should be noted that the starting position of the branch can be selected from any stator slot 11. This example only provides an explanation of an embodiment. Among them, the brackets () indicate the positions of the two plug-in sections of a hairpin.

[0049] like Figure 7 As shown, the winding method of the branch of the U-phase winding 21 of the first embodiment is as follows:

[0050] (1L5-8L4)→(13L5-20L4)→(25L5-32L4)→(37L5-45L4)→(2L5-9L4)→(14L 5-21L4)→(26L5-33L4)→(38L5-44L4)→(1L3-8L2)→(13L3-20L2)→(25L3-3 2L2)→(37L3-45L2)(2L3-9L2)→(14L3-21L2)→(26L3-33L2)→(38L3-44L2) →(1L1-8L1)→(13L1-20L1)→(25L1-32L1)→(37L1-43L1)→(38L1-31L1)→(2 6L1-19L1)→(14L1-7L1)→(2L1-44L1)→(39L2-32L3)→(27L2-20L3)→(15L2-8L3)→(3L2-43L3)→(38L2-31L3)→(26L2-19L3)→(14L2-7L3)→(2L2-44L3)→(39L4-32L5)→(27L4-20L5)→(15L4-8L5)→(3L4-43L5)→(38L4-31L5)→(26L4-19L5)→(14L4-7L5)→(2L4-44L5); wherein 1L5 is the introduction end U of the branch, and 44L5 is the outlet end X of the branch.

[0051] like Figure 7 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a winding diagram of the W-phase winding. The lead-in end of the W-phase winding is set at slot No. 3 of the 5th layer, and the lead-out end is set at slot No. 46 of the 5th layer. Therefore, its lead-in end and lead-out end are separated from the lead-in end and lead-out end of the U-phase winding by one stator slot respectively. The W-phase winding can be obtained by rotational symmetry on the basis of the U-phase winding. Figure 7 As shown, it is the winding diagram of the V-phase winding. The lead-in end of the V-phase winding is set at slot No. 5 on the 5th layer, and the lead-out end of the V-phase winding is set at slot No. 48 on the 5th layer. Therefore, its lead-in end and lead-out end are respectively separated from the lead-in end and lead-out end of the W-phase winding by one stator slot. The V-phase winding can be obtained by rotational symmetry on the basis of the W-phase winding.

[0052] Embodiment 2

[0053] Compared with Example 1, Example 2 differs in that the branch of each phase winding includes multiple first winding units, and the multiple hairpin wires of each first winding unit are wound radially from the 5th layer of the stator slot of the stator core 1 along the A direction of the circumference of the stator core 1 to the 1st layer, and then wound from the 1st layer of the stator slot of the stator core 1 in the opposite direction to A to the 5th layer in the radial direction.

[0054] Taking the branch of the U-phase winding as an example, the introduction end of the branch is arranged in slot No. 1 of the 5th layer, and then arranged in slot No. 8 of the 4th layer, slot No. 13 of the 3rd layer, slot No. 20 of the 2nd layer, slot No. 25 of the 1st layer, slot No. 32 of the 1st layer, slot No. 27 of the 2nd layer, slot No. 20 of the 3rd layer, slot No. 15 of the 4th layer, and slot No. 8 of the 5th layer in sequence; the above-mentioned multiple hairpin wires form a winding unit 1, which is wound along the axial direction of the stator core 1 in direction A from the 5th layer close to the center of the stator core 1 to the 1st layer, and then from the 1st layer to the 5th layer. The multiple first winding units of Example 2 are wound along the circumferential direction of the stator core 1 to form winding 2.

[0055] The branch of the U-phase winding also includes a plurality of second winding units. For example, a winding unit 2 of the U-phase winding is Figure 8 As shown, multiple hairpin wires are sequentially arranged in slot No. 38 on the 5th layer, slot No. 45 on the 4th layer, slot No. 2 on the 3rd layer, slot No. 9 on the 2nd layer, slot No. 14 on the 1st layer, slot No. 7 on the 1st layer, slot No. 2 on the 2nd layer, slot No. 43 on the 3rd layer, slot No. 38 on the 4th layer, and slot No. 31 on the 5th layer; the above multiple hairpin wires form a second winding unit, and the difference between the second winding unit 2 and the first winding unit 1 is that the winding directions of the hairpin wires on the first layer are opposite.

[0056] For ease of understanding, the winding of the U-phase winding of the second embodiment is described below. Figure 8 As shown, the winding method of the branch of the U-phase winding of the second embodiment is as follows:

[0057] (1L5-8L4)→(13L3-20L2)→(25L1-32L1)→(27L2-20L3)→(15L4-8L5)→(13 L5-20L4)→(25L3-32L2)→(37L1-44L1)→(39L2-32L3)→(27L4-20L5)→(25L 5-32L4)→(37L3-44L2)(1L1-8L1)→(3L2-44L3)→(39L4-32L5)→(37L5-44L 4)→(1L3-8L2)→(13L1-20L1)→(15L2-8L3)→(3L4-43L5)→(38L5-44L4)→(2 L3-9L2)→(14L1-7L1)→(2L2-43L3)→(38L4-31L5)→(26L5-33L4)→(38L3-45L2)→(2L1-43L1)→(38L2-31L3)→(26L4-19L5)→(14L5-21L4)→(26L3-33L2)→(38L1-31L1)→(26L2-19L3)→(14L4-7L5)→(2L5-9L4)→(14L3-21L2)→(26L1-19L1)→(14L2-7L3)→(2L4-44L5); wherein, 1L5 is the introduction end U of the branch, and 44L5 is the outlet end X of the branch.

[0058] like Figure 8 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a winding diagram of the W-phase winding. The lead-in end of the W-phase winding is set at slot No. 3 of the 5th layer, and the lead-out end is set at slot No. 46 of the 5th layer. Therefore, its lead-in end and lead-out end are separated from the lead-in end and lead-out end of the U-phase winding by one stator slot respectively. The W-phase winding can be obtained by rotational symmetry on the basis of the U-phase winding. Figure 8 As shown, it is the winding diagram of the V-phase winding. The lead-in end of the V-phase winding is set at slot No. 5 on the 5th layer, and the lead-out end of the V-phase winding is set at slot No. 48 on the 5th layer. Therefore, its lead-in end and lead-out end are respectively separated from the lead-in end and lead-out end of the W-phase winding by one stator slot. The V-phase winding can be obtained by rotational symmetry on the basis of the W-phase winding.

[0059] In this example, the flat wire stator also includes insulating paper, which is arranged inside the stator slot 11, specifically in the middle of the winding 2 and the stator core 1, to avoid contact between the winding 2 and the stator core 1, thereby improving the insulation performance of the motor.

[0060] The present application also provides a motor, comprising a rotating shaft; a rotor, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft and fixedly connected to the rotating shaft; and a flat wire stator as described above, which is coaxially arranged with the rotor. The motor is used for driving a vehicle.

[0061] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0062] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0063] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0064] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the utility model. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0065] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and cannot be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An odd-number-layer flat wire stator, characterized in that: include: A stator core (1), wherein the stator core (1) is provided with a plurality of stator slots arranged in an array along its circumferential direction, the plurality of stator slots extending radially outward along the inner wall of the stator core (1), and the plurality of stator slots penetrating the stator core (1) along the axial direction of the stator core (1); the stator core is provided with 4L stator slots, where L is a positive integer; and A winding (2), wherein the winding (2) is inserted into the plurality of stator slots of the stator core (1), and the winding (2) forms M layers in the radial direction of the stator core (1) inside each of the plurality of stator slots, where M is an odd number and M≥3; the winding (2) comprises a multi-phase sub-winding; each phase in the multi-phase sub-winding comprises a branch, and the branch comprises a plurality of conductors (3) connected in series, and the plurality of conductors (3) comprise hairpin wires of various pitches.

2. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding method of the branch circuit is as follows: a plurality of hairpin wires are arranged on the same outermost layer away from the center of the stator core (1) and a plurality of hairpin wires are arranged on the other two adjacent layers.

3. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of hairpin wires in the branch are continuously wound along the circumferential direction A of the stator core (1) from the Mth layer of the stator slots of the stator core (1) to the first layer and form M turns, and then are continuously wound from the first layer of the stator slots of the stator core (1) in the direction opposite to A to the Mth layer and form M turns.

4. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The branch comprises a plurality of first winding units, each of which comprises a plurality of hairpins, and the plurality of hairpins are wound along a circumferential direction A of the stator core (1) from the Mth layer of the stator slots of the stator core (1) to the first layer, and then wound from the first layer of the stator slots of the stator core (1) in a direction opposite to A to the Mth layer.

5. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The plurality of conductors (3) include hairpins of three pitches: y1, y2, and y3, wherein y1=t, y2=t+1, and y3=t+2, wherein t is the pole pitch and t=number of stator slots / number of poles.

6. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pitches of the hairpins of the branches arranged at the first layer of the plurality of stator slots are 7,6, and the pitches of the hairpins arranged at other adjacent layers are 6,7,8.

7. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of slots per pole per phase is 2, and the plurality of hairpins located between adjacent layers of the plurality of stator slots per pole per phase are staggered by one stator slot (11) along the circumferential direction of the stator core (1).

8. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 7, characterized in that: The number of conductors of the same phase arranged in adjacent stator slots (11) is (M+1) / 2, M, (M-1) / 2.

9. The odd-number-layer flat wire stator according to claim 8, characterized in that: The winding (2) comprises a three-phase sub-winding, each phase winding of the three-phase sub-winding comprises a branch, and the lead-in end and the lead-out end of each phase sub-winding branch are arranged in the Mth layer of the plurality of stator slots.

10. A motor, characterized in that: The motor comprises: Rotating shaft; a rotor, wherein the rotor is sleeved on the rotating shaft; and The flat wire stator according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is coaxially arranged with the rotor.

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