Vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger starting current surge resisting circuit

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger starting anti-current surge circuit, which is characterized in that the post-stage input of an AC bus is electrically connected with a rectifier bridge pile, the VCC is 3.3 V high level when the rectifier bridge DC-DC works, the VCC is electrically connected with the base electrode of a second NPN triode after being connected in series with a fourth resistor, the collector electrode of the second NPN triode is electrically connected with the base electrode of a first PNP triode after being connected in series with a first resistor, and the collector electrode of the first PNP triode is electrically connected with the base electrode of a second NPN triode after being connected in series with a second resistor. An emitting electrode of the first PNP triode is electrically connected with a positive electrode of the battery, a collecting electrode of the first PNP triode is sequentially connected with the second resistor, the third resistor and the fifth resistor in series and then electrically connected with an output negative electrode when the rectifier bridge DC-DC works, and a series connection node of the third resistor and the fifth resistor is electrically connected with a detection voltage terminal of the MCU single chip microcomputer chip. The circuit is simple, a low-loss sampling circuit is adopted to realize current impact resistance circuit control, the energy consumption of a 12V battery is reduced, and the service life of a vehicle battery and a vehicle-mounted electronic product is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a vehicle-mounted motor, in particular to a vehicle-mounted DC output voltage charger starting current impact resistance circuit used on the vehicle-mounted motor. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the automobile industry, the automobile energy power system is also an important and indispensable technical link of the automobile industry; however, the existing on-board DC output voltage is prone to a large inrush current each time the charger is started, which will consume a large amount of 12V battery energy, and ultimately lead to a large degree of loss of 12V battery energy, which is not conducive to effectively maintaining the service life of the vehicle battery and may even easily cause damage to other components.

[0003] The authorized patent number ZL202320969075.5, which was announced on September 29, 2023, discloses a circuit for reducing the inrush current at startup; it includes an inrush current suppression module, a switching control module and a load module, and the switching control module is connected to the inrush current suppression module and the load module respectively; the inrush current suppression module is used to attenuate the inrush current; the switching control module is used to provide two control methods for the current passing process; the load module is used to perform load work, and through the above methods, it is achieved to avoid the inrush current that occurs when the electronic device is powered on, causing the front-stage power supply to be unable to start normally due to insufficient load capacity, causing damage to the subsequent electronic equipment. On the one hand, this technical solution uses a more complex circuit control, and the circuit control cost is relatively high. On the other hand, it uses multiple fuses to avoid protecting the circuit equipment when the charging current is too large by blowing the fuse, which is also easy to consume a large amount of 12V battery energy, resulting in a large degree of loss of 12V battery energy, which is not conducive to effectively maintaining the service life of the vehicle battery. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the problem that each time the existing vehicle-mounted DC output voltage charger is started, a large impact current is likely to occur, which will consume a large amount of 12V battery energy, thus ultimately leading to a large degree of loss of 12V battery energy, which is not conducive to effectively maintaining the service life of the vehicle battery and is even likely to cause damage to other components, the utility model provides a vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup anti-current impact circuit with simple control, which adopts a low-loss sampling circuit to realize the anti-current impact circuit control, reduces the 12V battery energy consumption, increases the service life of the vehicle battery, and increases the service life of vehicle-mounted electronic products.

[0005] The specific technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the above technical problems is: a vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup current impact resistance circuit, characterized in that: the AC bus rear-stage input is electrically connected to the rectifier bridge stack, VCC is 3.3V high level when the rectifier bridge DC-DC works, VCC is connected in series with the fourth resistor and then electrically connected to the base of the second NPN transistor, the collector of the second NPN transistor is connected in series with the first resistor and then electrically connected to the base of the first PNP transistor, the emitter of the first PNP transistor is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the collector of the first PNP transistor is connected in series with the second resistor, the third resistor and the fifth resistor in sequence and then electrically connected to the output negative electrode when the rectifier bridge DC-DC works, and the series node of the third resistor and the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the Vsample function detection voltage terminal of the MCU single-chip chip. The MCU chip can sample the voltage on the fifth resistor, so that the DC-DC rectifier bridge outputs a stable voltage. When the vehicle DC is not working, VCC is low, the second NPN transistor is not conducting, the first PNP transistor is not conducting, and the 12V battery voltage cannot form a current loop through the first PNP transistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fifth resistor, and will not consume the energy of the 12V battery. The anti-current impact circuit control is simple, the circuit control is low, and the low-loss sampling circuit is used to realize the anti-current impact circuit control, reduce the energy consumption of the 12V battery, increase the service life of the vehicle battery, and increase the service life of the vehicle electronic products.

[0006] Preferably, the first PNP transistor adopts a PMBT4403 model, which improves the simplicity, stability, reliability and effectiveness of the first PNP transistor in circuit operation.

[0007] Preferably, the second NPN transistor adopts a PMST4401 model, which improves the simplicity, stability, reliability and effectiveness of the second NPN transistor in circuit operation.

[0008] Preferably, the fifth resistor is a 2 kilo-ohm 0.125 watt resistor. Improving the resistance voltage division of the fifth resistor is simple, stable, reliable and effective.

[0009] Preferably, the fifth resistor is a 2±0.2 kilo-ohm / 0.125 watt resistor. Improving the resistance voltage division of the fifth resistor is simple, stable, reliable and effective.

[0010] Preferably, the second resistor and the third resistor are 10 kilo-ohm / 0.125W resistors. Improving the resistance voltage division of the second resistor and the third resistor is simple, stable, reliable and effective.

[0011] Preferably, the second resistor and the third resistor are 10±0.1 kilo-ohm / 0.125W resistors. Improving the resistance voltage division of the second resistor and the third resistor is simple, stable, reliable and effective.

[0012] Preferably, the chip model of the MCU single-chip chip is GD32E103C, the 11th terminal pin of the GD32E103C chip is the Vsample function pin, and the 28th terminal pin of the GD32E103C chip is the power terminal pin VCC. The anti-current impact circuit control is simple, the circuit control is low, and the low-loss sampling circuit is used to realize the anti-current impact circuit control, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the 12V battery.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the MCU single-chip chip can sample the voltage on the fifth resistor, so that the rectifier bridge DC-DC outputs a stable voltage, and when the vehicle-mounted DC is not working, VCC is at a low level, the second NPN transistor is not conducting, the first PNP transistor is not conducting, and the 12V battery voltage cannot form a current loop through the first PNP transistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the fifth resistor, and will not consume the energy of the 12V battery. The anti-current impact circuit control is simple, the circuit control is low, and the anti-current impact circuit control is realized by using a low-loss sampling circuit, which reduces the energy consumption of the 12V battery, increases the service life of the vehicle battery, and increases the service life of the vehicle-mounted electronic products. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 The utility model is a circuit structure diagram of a vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger starting current impact resistance circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Figure 1 In the embodiment shown, a vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup current shock resistance circuit, the AC bus rear-stage input is electrically connected to the rectifier bridge stack, VCC is 3.3V high level when the rectifier bridge DC-DC is working, VCC is connected in series with the fourth resistor and then electrically connected to the base of the second NPN transistor, the collector of the second NPN transistor is connected in series with the first resistor and then electrically connected to the base of the first PNP transistor, the emitter of the first PNP transistor is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery, the collector of the first PNP transistor is connected in series with the second resistor, the third resistor and the fifth resistor in sequence and then electrically connected to the output negative electrode when the rectifier bridge DC-DC is working, and the series node of the third resistor and the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the Vsample function detection voltage terminal of the MCU microcontroller chip.

[0016] The first PNP transistor uses a PMBT4403 model, and the second NPN transistor uses a PMST4401 model.

[0017] The fifth resistor is a 2 kilo-ohm 0.125-watt resistor. Of course, the fifth resistor can also be a 2±0.2 kilo-ohm / 0.125-watt resistor. The second and third resistors are 10 kilo-ohm / 0.125-watt resistors. Of course, the second and third resistors can also be 10±0.1 kilo-ohm / 0.125-watt resistors. The chip model of the MCU chip is GD32E103C. The 11th terminal pin of the GD32E103C chip is the Vsample function pin, and the 28th terminal pin of the GD32E103C chip is the power terminal pin VCC.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, Vb is the positive pole of the DC output and the positive pole of the battery, EGND is the negative pole of the DC output, and Vsample is the sampling point voltage of the MCU. When the on-board DC is working, VCC is at a high level of 3.3V, which makes Q2 turn on, and Q2 turns on to make Q1 turn on. Vb is divided by R2, R3, and R5. The MCU can sample the voltage on R5 to make the DC output a stable voltage. When the on-board DC is not working, VCC is at a low level, Q2 is not turned on, Q1 is not turned on, and the 12V battery voltage cannot form a current loop through Q1, R2, R3, and R5, and will not consume the 12V battery energy.

[0019] When the vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup anti-current impact circuit of the utility model is in use, the vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup anti-current impact circuit includes a first transistor Q1, a second transistor Q2, resistors R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and the output voltage of the AC bus DC-DC. The AC bus rear-stage input is electrically connected to the rectifier bridge stack. When the rectifier bridge DC-DC is working, VCC is a 3.3V high level (this part of the AC bus input to the rectifier bridge output 3.3V VCC circuit part, the utility model does not make a separate circuit record description, and can borrow or adopt related conventional technical circuits in the prior art), the second transistor Q2 is turned on, the first transistor Q1 is turned on, the DC output voltage and the battery voltage Vb are 14V, and through the resistance division of the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3, and the fifth resistor R5, the voltage Vsample on the fifth resistor R5 is the detection voltage of the MCU, which controls the DC internal to make the DC output stable 14V voltage. When the DC-DC is not working, VCC is at a low level of 0V, Q2 and Q1 are not conducting, and there is no current loop between the DC-DC output voltage and the battery voltage Vb, so the battery energy will not be consumed. The model of the first transistor Q1 is PMBT4403, the model of the second transistor Q2 is PMST4401, the resistors R1, R2, R3 and R4 are 10 kilo-ohm 0.125W resistors, and the fifth resistor R5 is a 2 kilo-ohm 0.125W resistor.

[0020] In the description of positional relationships in the present invention, terms such as "inside", "outside", "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. that indicate orientation or positional relationships are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0021] The above content and structure describe the basic principle, main features and advantages of the utility model product, which should be understood by technicians in this industry. The above examples and descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, which are within the scope of the utility model to be protected. The scope of protection of the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup current impact resistance circuit, characterized in that: The rear-stage input of the AC bus is electrically connected to the rectifier bridge stack. When the rectifier bridge DC-DC is working, VCC is a high level of 3.3V. VCC is electrically connected to the base of the second NPN transistor after being connected in series with the fourth resistor. The collector of the second NPN transistor is electrically connected to the base of the first PNP transistor after being connected in series with the first resistor. The emitter of the first PNP transistor is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the battery. The collector of the first PNP transistor is electrically connected to the output negative electrode of the rectifier bridge DC-DC when working after being connected in series with the second resistor, the third resistor and the fifth resistor. The series node of the third resistor and the fifth resistor is electrically connected to the Vsample function detection voltage terminal of the MCU microcontroller chip.

2. The vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup current impact resistance circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first PNP transistor is PMBT4403.

3. The vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup current impact resistance circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second NPN transistor is PMST4401.

4. The vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup current impact resistance circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fifth resistor is a 2 kilo-ohm 0.125-watt resistor.

5. The vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup current impact resistance circuit according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The fifth resistor is a 2±0.2 kilo-ohm / 0.125 watt resistor.

6. The vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup current impact resistance circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second resistor and the third resistor are 10 kilo-ohm / 0.125W resistors.

7. The vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup current impact resistance circuit according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that: The second resistor and the third resistor are 10±0.1 kilo-ohm / 0.125W resistors.

8. The vehicle-mounted DC output voltage low-loss sampling charger startup current impact resistance circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chip model of the MCU single-chip chip is GD32E103C, the 11th terminal pin of the GD32E103C chip is a Vsample function pin, and the 28th terminal pin of the GD32E103C chip is a power terminal pin VCC.

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