Test piece for debugging engraving and milling machine tool

Abstract

The utility model provides a test piece for debugging an engraving and milling machine tool, which comprises a test body and a test curved surface arranged on the surface of the test body, and at least two testing areas are formed on the testing curved surface: a three-axis reverse mark testing area, a sharp corner position precision testing area, a reversing vibration testing area, a parallel connection equal-height processing testing area, a straight line-to-arc and arc connection straight line testing area and a 3D tool mark entering testing area. Compared with the prior art, the test piece for debugging the engraving and milling machine tool can be used for testing and machining, the performance of the engraving and milling machine tool is judged based on the real machining effect of the test piece, and parameter debugging is carried out on the engraving and milling machine tool aiming at poor machining, so that the debugging is more in place and accurate, the stability of the engraving and milling machine tool in the running process is improved, and the working efficiency is improved. The test effect is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tool detection, in particular to a test piece used for debugging a carving and milling machine tool. Background Art

[0002] The debugging personnel of engraving and milling machine tools do not understand the real processing performance of the machine tools. They usually debug through system oscilloscopes and drive oscilloscopes, relying only on the differences in the debugging waveforms, without feedback in the processing application, and cannot fully fit the final processing effect, resulting in poor debugging effects, making the actual processed workpieces, molds and other products have many defects and low yield rates. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art and provide a test piece for debugging a milling machine tool.

[0004] An embodiment of the utility model provides a test piece for debugging a milling machine tool, comprising:

[0005] A test body and a test curved surface arranged on the surface of the test body, wherein at least two test areas are formed on the test curved surface:

[0006] Three-axis reverse mark test area, sharp corner accuracy test area, commutation vibration test area, parallel connection and equal height processing test area, straight line to arc and arc to straight line test area, 3D cutter mark test area.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, when the three-axis reverse mark test area is formed on the test curved surface, the test curved surface includes an X test surface, a Y test surface and a Z test surface, and the X test surface, the Y test surface and the Z test surface cooperate to form the three-axis reverse mark test area, the X test surface and the Y test surface are arranged on the side of the test body, the Z test surface is set on the top of the test body, and the orientations of the X test surface, the Y test surface and the Z test surface are perpendicular to each other.

[0008] In some optional implementations, the X test plane and the Y test plane are located at the same horizontal height.

[0009] In some optional embodiments, when the sharp-angle position accuracy test area is formed on the test surface, the test surface includes a first test plane and multiple side surfaces, the first test plane and the multiple side surfaces cooperate to form the sharp-angle position accuracy test area, the first test plane is located at the top of the test body, and the multiple side surfaces are located on the side of the test body and are evenly arranged around the test body, and the vertical cross-section of the side surface is an arc shape.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, the test surface also includes a spherical surface, and the spherical surface, the first test plane and the plurality of side surfaces cooperate to form the sharp angle position accuracy test area, the spherical surface is located on the side of the test body, the side surfaces are arranged on the spherical surface, and the horizontal cross-section of the side surfaces is an arc shape.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, when the commutation vibration test area is formed on the test surface, the test surface includes an annular surface and multiple inclined planes, the annular surface and the multiple inclined planes cooperate to form the commutation vibration test area, the annular surface is arranged around the test body on the side of the test body, the multiple inclined planes are arranged on the annular surface and evenly arranged around the test body, the multiple inclined planes have different slopes relative to the vertical direction, the part of the annular surface located between adjacent inclined planes is arc-shaped in the horizontal section, and the inner diameter of the horizontal section of the annular surface gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0012] In some optional embodiments, when the parallel connection contour processing test area is formed on the test surface, the test surface includes a spherical surface and an annular surface, and the spherical surface and the annular surface cooperate to form the parallel connection contour processing test area, the spherical surface is located on the side of the test body, and the annular surface surrounds the test body and is arranged on the side of the test body, and its top edge is connected to the bottom edge of the spherical surface.

[0013] In some optional embodiments, when the straight line to circular arc and circular arc to straight line test areas are formed on the test surface, the test surface includes an annular surface and multiple second test planes, and the annular surface and multiple second test planes cooperate to form the straight line to circular arc and circular arc to straight line test areas, the annular surface is arranged around the test body on the side of the test body, multiple second test planes are set on the annular surface and evenly arranged around the test body, and the part of the annular surface located between adjacent second test planes is arc-shaped in a horizontal cross-section.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, when the 3D knife mark test area is formed on the test surface, the test surface includes an annular surface, the annular surface forms the 3D knife mark test area, the annular surface surrounds the test body and is arranged on the side of the test body, and the inner diameter of the horizontal cross-section of the annular surface gradually decreases in a direction from bottom to top.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the test piece for debugging the engraving and milling machine tool of the utility model can be used for testing processing. The performance of the engraving and milling machine tool is judged based on the actual processing effect of the test piece. The parameters of the engraving and milling machine tool are debugged according to the poor processing, so that the debugging is more in place and accurate, the stability of the engraving and milling machine tool during operation is improved, and the test effect is good.

[0016] In order to more clearly understand the present invention, the specific implementation of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a test piece for debugging a milling machine tool according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of one side of a test piece for debugging a milling machine tool according to an embodiment of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the other side of a test piece for debugging a milling machine tool according to an embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] Description of reference numerals:

[0021] 10. Test body; 20. Test curved surface; 21. X test surface; 22. Y test surface; 23. Z test surface; 24. First test plane; 25. Side curved surface; 251. First contact angle; 252. Second contact angle; 26. Spherical curved surface; 27. Annular curved surface; 28. Inclined plane; 29. ​​Second test plane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model. In the description of the utility model, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means 2 or more, and "several" means 1 or more. In addition, unless otherwise specified, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.

[0023] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0024] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0025] In the description of the present invention, the X direction, the Y direction and the equal height direction are directions parallel to the horizontal plane, and the Z direction is the height direction.

[0026] In the description of the utility model, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some optional implementations" or "some optional embodiments" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0027] The test piece used for debugging the milling machine in this embodiment is mainly used for the overall debugging of the milling machine. According to the type of milling machine, the milling machine usually has three-axis, four-axis and five-axis types. The milling machine includes at least an X-axis component, a Y-axis component and a Z-axis component, while the four-axis milling machine also includes a rotating axis component (fourth axis), and the five-axis milling machine also includes a rotating axis component (fourth axis) and an inclined rotating axis component (fifth axis). Among them, the X-axis component realizes the movement of the tool in the X direction, the Y-axis realizes the longitudinal movement of the tool in the X direction, the Z-axis drives the tool to rise and fall, the rotating axis component realizes the rotation of the tool, and the inclined axis is at an angle of less than 90° relative to the X-axis, realizing the interpolation function of the tool on the XY plane, and expanding the scope of application of the processed parts.

[0028] See also Figure 1An embodiment of the utility model provides a test piece for debugging a milling machine tool, comprising: a test body 10 and a test curved surface 20 arranged on the surface of the test body 10, wherein at least two test areas are formed on the test curved surface 20:

[0029] Three-axis reverse mark test area, sharp corner accuracy test area, commutation vibration test area, parallel connection and equal height processing test area, straight line to arc and arc to straight line test area, 3D cutter mark test area.

[0030] See also Figure 2 In some optional embodiments, when the three-axis reverse mark test area is formed on the test curved surface 20, the test curved surface 20 includes an X test surface 21, a Y test surface 22 and a Z test surface 23, and the X test surface 21, the Y test surface 22 and the Z test surface 23 cooperate to form the three-axis reverse mark test area, the X test surface 21 and the Y test surface 22 are arranged on the side of the test body 10, and the Z test surface 23 is set on the top of the test body 10, and the orientation of the X test surface 21, the orientation of the Y test surface 22 and the orientation of the Z test surface 23 are perpendicular to each other.

[0031] The test piece used for debugging the engraving and milling machine has multiple test areas, which can be used for test processing. The performance of the engraving and milling machine can be judged based on the actual processing effect of the test piece. The parameters of the engraving and milling machine can be debugged according to the poor processing, making the debugging more thorough and accurate, improving the stability of the engraving and milling machine during operation, and achieving good test results.

[0032] Preferably, the X test plane 21 and the Y test plane 22 are located at the same horizontal height.

[0033] In some optional embodiments, when the sharp-angle position accuracy test area is formed on the test surface 20, the test surface 20 includes a first test plane 24 and multiple side surfaces 25, and the first test plane 24 and the multiple side surfaces 25 cooperate to form the sharp-angle position accuracy test area, the first test plane 24 is located at the top of the test body 10, and the multiple side surfaces 25 are located on the side of the test body 10 and are evenly arranged around the test body 10, and the vertical cross-section of the side surface 25 is an arc shape.

[0034] In some optional embodiments, the test surface 20 also includes a spherical surface 26, and the spherical surface 26, the first test plane 24 and the plurality of side surfaces 25 cooperate to form the sharp angle position accuracy test area, the spherical surface 26 is located on the side of the test body 10, and the side surface 25 is arranged on the spherical surface 26, and the horizontal cross-section of the side surface 25 is an arc shape.

[0035] In some optional embodiments, when the commutation vibration test area is formed on the test surface 20, the test surface 20 includes an annular surface 27 and multiple inclined planes 28, and the annular surface 27 and the multiple inclined planes 28 cooperate to form the commutation vibration test area. The annular surface 27 is arranged around the test body 10 on the side of the test body 10, and the multiple inclined planes 28 are arranged on the annular surface 27 and evenly arranged around the test body 10. The multiple inclined planes 28 have different slopes relative to the vertical direction, and the part of the annular surface located between adjacent inclined planes 28 is arc-shaped in the horizontal section, and the inner diameter of the horizontal section of the annular surface 27 gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0036] In some optional embodiments, when the parallel connection contour processing test area is formed on the test surface 20, the test surface 20 includes a spherical surface 26 and an annular surface 27. The spherical surface 26 and the annular surface 27 cooperate to form the parallel connection contour processing test area. The spherical surface 26 is located on the side of the test body 10, and the annular surface 27 is arranged around the test body 10 on the side of the test body 10, and its top edge is connected to the bottom edge of the spherical surface 26.

[0037] In some optional embodiments, when the straight line to circular arc and circular arc to straight line test areas are formed on the test surface 20, the test surface 20 includes an annular surface 27 and multiple second test planes 29. The annular surface 27 and multiple second test planes 29 cooperate to form the straight line to circular arc and circular arc to straight line test areas. The annular surface 27 is arranged around the test body 10 on the side of the test body 10, and multiple second test planes 29 are set on the annular surface 27 and evenly arranged around the test body 10. The portion of the annular surface located between adjacent second test planes 29 is arc-shaped in a horizontal cross-section.

[0038] In some optional embodiments, when the 3D knife mark test area is formed on the test surface 20, the test surface 20 includes an annular surface 27, and the annular surface 27 forms the 3D knife mark test area. The annular surface 27 is arranged around the test body 10 on the side of the test body 10, and the inner diameter of the horizontal section of the annular surface 27 gradually decreases from bottom to top.

[0039] Since some of the test surfaces 20 can be combined with each other to form different test areas, the size of the test piece is effectively reduced and the cost is reduced. For example, the annular surface 27 can cooperate with the inclined plane 28 to form the commutation vibration test area, and can cooperate with the spherical surface 26 to form the parallel connection and equal height processing test area, and can also cooperate with the second test plane 29 to form the straight line to arc and arc to straight line test area, and the annular surface 27 can also form the 3D cutter mark test area; and the spherical surface 26 can also cooperate with the first test plane 24 and the plurality of side surfaces 25 to form the sharp corner position accuracy test area, and the annular surface 27 can cooperate to form the parallel connection and equal height processing test area.

[0040] In order to clearly explain the test process of the test piece used for debugging the engraving and milling machine tool, the utility model also provides a test method for debugging the engraving and milling machine tool, including the following steps:

[0041] Performing machining test on the test curved surface 20 of the test piece by means of a milling machine;

[0042] Based on the processing effect of the engraving and milling machine tool on the test piece in the processing test, debugging the engraving and milling machine tool;

[0043] The processing test includes at least one of the following test items:

[0044] Three-axis reverse mark test, sharp corner accuracy test, reversing vibration test, parallel connection and equal height processing test, straight line to arc and arc to straight line test, 3D cutting mark test.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, when the processing test includes the three-axis reverse mark test, the test curved surface 20 includes an X test surface 21, a Y test surface 22 and a Z test surface 23, and the X test surface 21, the Y test surface 22 and the Z test surface 23 cooperate to form the three-axis reverse mark test area, the X test surface 21 and the Y test surface 22 are arranged on the side of the test body 10, and the Z test surface 23 is set on the top of the test body 10, and the orientation of the X test surface 21, the orientation of the Y test surface 22 and the orientation of the Z test surface 23 are perpendicular to each other.

[0046] The three-axis reverse mark test is used to check whether the friction compensation parameters of the engraving and milling machine are normal. The processing steps for detecting the three-axis reverse mark test include:

[0047] The tool of the engraving and milling machine tool processes back and forth on the X test surface 21, the Y test surface 22 and the Z test surface 23 in a contour processing manner, and processes back and forth on the X test surface 21 and the Y test surface 22 in a manner parallel to the Z direction at 45 degrees; the X test surface 21 is parallel to the YZ plane, the Y test surface 22 is parallel to the XZ plane, and the Z test surface 23 is parallel to the XY plane.

[0048] The step of debugging the engraving and milling machine tool based on the processing effect of the engraving and milling machine tool on the test piece in the processing test includes:

[0049] Based on the reversal marks produced when the tool of the engraving and milling machine changes direction on the X test surface 21, the Y test surface 22 and the Z test surface 23, the friction compensation parameters of the engraving and milling machine on the tool are adjusted.

[0050] The principle of reverse marks is that when the engraving and milling machine drives the tool to move in the reverse direction, a certain friction will be generated due to the moment when the lead screw in the shaft component reverses during high-speed movement. The shaft component will pause, and then the tool will be driven in the reverse direction to move. At this time, the tool will produce reverse marks due to shaking and other reasons.

[0051] The friction compensation parameters of the engraving and milling machine are adjusted according to the depth and degree of the reverse mark, thereby eliminating the friction generated during the reverse process of the shaft component, thereby avoiding the reverse mark. The adjustment method of the friction compensation parameters is a technology well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here. Because the X-axis component, the Y-axis component and the Z-axis component all need to be debugged, the X test surface 21, the Y test surface 22 and the Z test surface 23 are designed accordingly.

[0052] See also Figure 3 In some optional embodiments, when the processing test includes the sharp corner accuracy test, the test curved surface 20 includes a first test plane 24 and a plurality of side curved surfaces 25, the first test plane 24 and the plurality of side curved surfaces 25 cooperate to form the sharp corner accuracy test area, the first test plane 24 is located at the top of the test body 10, the plurality of side curved surfaces 25 are located at the side of the test body 10, and are evenly arranged around the test body 10, and the vertical cross-section of the side curved surface 25 is an arc shape;

[0053] The sharp corner accuracy test is used to detect the machining accuracy of the engraving and milling machine tool during three-axis linkage. The machining steps of the sharp corner accuracy test include:

[0054] The tool of the engraving and milling machine tool processes back and forth between the surface of the first test plane 24 and the side curved surface 25 in a three-axis linkage processing manner;

[0055] The step of debugging the engraving and milling machine tool based on the processing effect of the engraving and milling machine tool on the test piece in the processing test includes:

[0056] Detect the first contact angle 251 formed between the first test plane 24 and the side curved surface 25, determine whether the first contact angle 251 becomes a rounded corner at the position where the tool of the engraving and milling machine passes, and if so, adjust the axis filter parameters of the engraving and milling machine.

[0057] When the engraving and milling machine is running, there are mechanical resonances and feedback interferences, which affect the response of the speed loop and position loop in the servo system. Therefore, a filter is needed for processing. If the filter is set to filter all tiny characteristic bits, the control accuracy will be reduced. Therefore, the filter needs to be set with appropriate parameters.

[0058] The first contact angle 251 is originally a sharp angle, and the path of the tool from the first test plane 24 to the side curved surface 25 is a straight line to a circular arc, and from the side curved surface 25 to the first test plane 24, the circular arc is turned into a straight line. If the control accuracy of the engraving and milling machine is low and there are problems with the linkage of each axis, the first contact angle 251 will be processed by the tool to form a rounded corner, and then the filter parameters will be adjusted until the tool can move correctly according to the correct trajectory set by the engraving and milling machine without processing the first contact angle 251. The adjustment method of the filter parameters is a technology well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.

[0059] In some optional embodiments, the test curved surface 20 further includes a spherical curved surface 26, the spherical curved surface 26, the first test plane 24 and the plurality of side curved surfaces 25 cooperate to form the sharp angle position accuracy test area, the spherical curved surface 26 is located on the side of the test body 10, the side curved surface 25 is arranged on the spherical curved surface 26, and the horizontal cross-section of the side curved surface 25 is an arc shape;

[0060] The processing steps of the sharp corner position accuracy test also include:

[0061] The tool of the engraving and milling machine tool moves along the side curved surface 25 to the spherical curved surface 26 and / or moves along the spherical curved surface 26 to the side curved surface 25 in a three-axis linkage processing manner;

[0062] The step of debugging the engraving and milling machine tool based on the processing effect of the engraving and milling machine tool on the test piece in the processing test also includes:

[0063] The second contact angle 252 formed between the spherical surface 26 and the side surface 25 is detected to determine whether the second contact angle 252 becomes a rounded corner at the position where the tool of the milling machine passes. If so, the axis filter parameters of the milling machine are adjusted.

[0064] The side curved surface 25 is a concave curved surface, while the spherical curved surface 26 is a convex curved surface. If the second contact angle 252 changes from a sharp angle to a rounded angle, similarly, it means that the control accuracy of the engraving and milling machine is low and the filter needs to be adjusted.

[0065] In some optional embodiments, when the processing test includes the commutation vibration test, the test curved surface 20 includes an annular curved surface 27 and a plurality of inclined planes 28, the annular curved surface 27 and the plurality of inclined planes 28 cooperate to form the commutation vibration test area, the annular curved surface 27 is arranged around the test body 10 on the side of the test body 10, a plurality of the inclined planes 28 are arranged on the annular curved surface 27 and are evenly arranged around the test body 10, a plurality of the inclined planes 28 have different slopes relative to the vertical direction, a portion of the annular curved surface located between adjacent inclined planes 28 is arc-shaped in a horizontal cross section, and an inner diameter of a horizontal cross section of the annular curved surface 27 gradually decreases in a direction from bottom to top;

[0066] The processing steps of the commutation vibration test include:

[0067] The tool of the engraving and milling machine passes through the plurality of inclined planes 28 in sequence along the annular curved surface 27 on different horizontal planes in a manner of equal height processing;

[0068] The step of debugging the engraving and milling machine tool based on the processing effect of the engraving and milling machine tool on the test piece in the processing test includes:

[0069] The smoothness and the tool marks on the annular surface 27 and the inclined plane 28 are detected, and based on the smoothness and the tool marks, the acceleration of the tool of the engraving and milling machine at the corner between the annular surface 27 and the inclined plane 28 is determined, and the acceleration parameters of the tool of the engraving and milling machine are adjusted.

[0070] Because when machining around the annular surface at the same height, it will pass through the corner of the connection between the inclined plane 28 and the annular surface, and the moving direction of the tool needs to be changed, that is, it needs to be reversed. When reversing, if the acceleration and deceleration of the tool driven by the X-axis component and the Y-axis component is incorrect, it is easy to cause the tool to vibrate, resulting in tool marks. If the finish difference is large on the inclined planes 28 with different inclinations and different positions of the annular surface, the tool marks are obvious, indicating that the acceleration setting of the engraving and milling machine is unreasonable and needs to be adjusted. For example, when the tool passes through the corner of the connection between the inclined plane 28 and the annular surface, adjust the appropriate acceleration to reduce the combined speed in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, thereby improving the machining accuracy and avoiding vibration when passing the corner. The acceleration adjustment method of the engraving and milling machine is a technology well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0071] In some optional embodiments, when the processing test includes the parallel connection and equal height processing test, the test curved surface 20 includes a spherical curved surface 26 and an annular curved surface 27 connected to each other, the spherical curved surface 26 and the annular curved surface 27 cooperate to form the parallel connection and equal height processing test area, the spherical curved surface 26 is located on the side of the test body 10, and the annular curved surface 27 surrounds the test body 10 and is arranged on the side of the test body 10, and its top edge is connected to the bottom edge of the spherical curved surface 26;

[0072] The processing steps of the parallel connection equal height processing test include:

[0073] The cutting tool of the engraving and milling machine implements 45-degree parallel milling three-axis linkage processing and equal-height two-axis linkage processing on the spherical curved surface 26 and the annular curved surface 27;

[0074] The step of debugging the engraving and milling machine tool based on the processing effect of the engraving and milling machine tool on the test piece in the processing test includes:

[0075] Detect whether there is an overshoot or overcut phenomenon at the connection between the spherical surface 26 and the annular surface 27, and adjust the current loop, speed loop and position loop of the engraving and milling machine based on the overshoot or overcut phenomenon. In addition, when the gain difference of the current loop, speed loop or position loop for the X-axis component, the Y-axis component and the Z-axis component is too large, it is necessary to readjust the gain of the current loop, speed loop and position loop to narrow the gain difference between the various axis components. The adjustment method of the gain of the current loop, speed loop and position loop is a technology well known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0076] In some optional embodiments, when the processing test includes the straight line to circular arc and circular arc to straight line test, the test curved surface 20 includes an annular curved surface 27 and a plurality of second test planes 29, the annular curved surface 27 and the plurality of second test planes 29 cooperate to form the straight line to circular arc and circular arc to straight line test area, the annular curved surface 27 surrounds the test body 10 and is arranged on the side of the test body 10, a plurality of second test planes 29 are arranged on the annular curved surface 27 and are evenly arranged around the test body 10, and the portion of the annular curved surface located between adjacent second test planes 29 is arc-shaped in a horizontal cross section;

[0077] The processing steps of the straight line to arc and arc to straight line test include:

[0078] The tool of the engraving and milling machine passes through a plurality of the second test planes 29 in sequence along the annular curved surface 27;

[0079] The step of debugging the engraving and milling machine tool based on the processing effect of the engraving and milling machine tool on the test piece in the processing test includes:

[0080] Based on the light and dark stripes of the tool of the engraving and milling machine on the annular surface 27 and the second test plane 29 , the acceleration of the engraving and milling machine is adjusted.

[0081] The light and dark stripes are because the depth of the stripes varies at different positions. This is because the tool is shaking. Since the tool processing path is constantly switching between a straight path and an arc path, the machine tool is in an unstable state, which causes the tool to shake and process light and dark stripes of varying depths. At this time, it is necessary to adjust the acceleration parameters of the engraving and milling machine and the gain of the current loop, speed loop or position loop until the stripes processed by the tool on the annular surface 27 and the second test plane 29 are stable. The adjustment method of the acceleration parameters and the gain of the current loop, speed loop and position loop is a technology well known to those skilled in the art and will not be repeated here.

[0082] In some optional embodiments, when the machining test includes the 3D cutter mark test, the test curved surface 20 includes an annular curved surface 27, the annular curved surface 27 forms the 3D cutter mark test area, the annular curved surface 27 surrounds the test body 10 and is arranged on the side of the test body 10, and the inner diameter of the horizontal cross section of the annular curved surface 27 gradually decreases from bottom to top;

[0083] The processing steps of the straight line to arc and arc to straight line test include:

[0084] The cutting tool of the engraving and milling machine tool performs a cutting test on the annular curved surface;

[0085] The step of debugging the engraving and milling machine tool based on the processing effect of the engraving and milling machine tool on the test piece in the processing test includes:

[0086] Detect the cutter marks on the annular surface and adjust the speed loop of the milling machine. If the cutter marks can be clearly observed by the naked eye, the gain parameter of the speed loop needs to be adjusted. The specific adjustment method is to slowly increase the integration time of the speed loop when the milling machine does not shake.

[0087] In some optional implementations, the step of debugging the engraving and milling machine tool based on the processing effect of the engraving and milling machine tool on the test piece in the processing test further includes:

[0088] Observe whether a reverse mark appears on the annular surface after the tool of the engraving and milling machine tool cuts into the annular surface, and adjust the friction compensation parameters of the engraving and milling machine tool.

[0089] During the process of the tool of the engraving and milling machine tool cutting into the annular surface, tool reversal will still occur. During the cutting process, due to the friction mutation and viscous friction on the mechanical structure of the shaft component, the actual feedback speed will lag behind the speed command issued by the servo system of the engraving and milling machine tool, resulting in a larger tool position error and causing reverse marks. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the friction compensation parameters of the engraving and milling machine tool to overcome the friction mutation and viscous friction on the mechanical structure of the shaft component.

[0090] In the description of this embodiment, the X direction, the Y direction, and the height direction are directions parallel to the horizontal plane, and the Z direction is a height direction.

[0091] It should be noted that the servo system of a common engraving and milling machine tool has a current loop, a speed loop and a position loop. The main function of the current loop, the speed loop and the position loop is to reduce the error and make the control precision higher, more accurate and faster.

[0092] The current loop is a control link that uses the current signal as the feedback signal. The current loop is the innermost loop. In the servo system of the engraving and milling machine tool, it mainly plays the role of improving the mechanical characteristics of the system. Its feedback element is generally a current transformer.

[0093] The speed loop is a control link that uses the speed signal as the feedback signal. The speed loop is outside the current loop. In the servo system of the engraving and milling machine, it mainly controls the speed. Its feedback element is generally an analog tachometer or encoder.

[0094] The position loop is a control link that uses the position signal as the feedback signal. The position loop is outside the speed loop and is the position control unit of the servo system on the engraving and milling machine. Its feedback elements are generally encoders, grating rulers, induction synchronizer rotary transformers, etc.

[0095] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A test piece for debugging a milling machine tool, characterized in that: include: A test body and a test curved surface arranged on the surface of the test body, wherein at least two test areas are formed on the test curved surface: Three-axis reverse mark test area, sharp corner position accuracy test area, reversing vibration test area, parallel connection and equal height processing test area, straight line to arc and arc to straight line test area, 3D cutter mark test area; When the three-axis reverse mark test area is formed on the test curved surface, the test curved surface includes an X test surface, a Y test surface and a Z test surface, the X test surface, the Y test surface and the Z test surface cooperate to form the three-axis reverse mark test area, the X test surface and the Y test surface are arranged on the side of the test body, the Z test surface is arranged on the top of the test body, and the directions of the X test surface, the Y test surface and the Z test surface are perpendicular to each other; When the sharp corner position accuracy test area is formed on the test curved surface, the test curved surface includes a first test plane and a plurality of side curved surfaces, the first test plane and the plurality of side curved surfaces cooperate to form the sharp corner position accuracy test area, the first test plane is located at the top of the test body, the plurality of side curved surfaces are located at the side of the test body, and are evenly arranged around the test body, and the vertical cross-section of the side curved surface is an arc shape; When the commutation vibration test area is formed on the test curved surface, the test curved surface includes an annular curved surface and a plurality of inclined planes, the annular curved surface and the plurality of inclined planes cooperate to form the commutation vibration test area, the annular curved surface surrounds the test body and is arranged on the side of the test body, the plurality of inclined planes are arranged on the annular curved surface and are evenly arranged around the test body, the plurality of inclined planes have different slopes relative to the vertical direction, the portion of the annular curved surface located between adjacent inclined planes is arc-shaped in a horizontal cross section, and the inner diameter of the horizontal cross section of the annular curved surface gradually decreases in a direction from bottom to top; When the parallel connection and equal height processing test area is formed on the test curved surface, the test curved surface includes a spherical curved surface and an annular curved surface, the spherical curved surface and the annular curved surface cooperate to form the parallel connection and equal height processing test area, the spherical curved surface is located at the side of the test body, and the annular curved surface surrounds the test body and is arranged at the side of the test body, and its top edge is connected to the bottom edge of the spherical curved surface; When the straight line-to-arc and arc-to-straight line test areas are formed on the test curved surface, the test curved surface includes an annular curved surface and a plurality of second test planes, the annular curved surface and the plurality of second test planes cooperate to form the straight line-to-arc and arc-to-straight line test areas, the annular curved surface surrounds the test body and is arranged on the side of the test body, a plurality of second test planes are arranged on the annular curved surface and are evenly arranged around the test body, and a portion of the annular curved surface located between adjacent second test planes is arc-shaped in a horizontal cross section; When the 3D knife mark test area is formed on the test surface, the test surface includes an annular surface, which forms the 3D knife mark test area. The annular surface surrounds the test body and is arranged on the side of the test body. The inner diameter of the horizontal section of the annular surface gradually decreases from bottom to top.

2. A test piece for debugging a milling machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The X test surface and the Y test surface are located at the same horizontal height.

3. The test piece for debugging a milling machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test curved surface also includes a spherical curved surface. The spherical curved surface, the first test plane and the plurality of side curved surfaces cooperate to form the sharp angle position accuracy test area. The spherical curved surface is located on the side of the test body. The side curved surfaces are arranged on the spherical curved surface. The horizontal cross-section of the side curved surface is an arc shape.

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