Battery management system, battery pack and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a battery management system, a battery pack and a vehicle, the battery management system comprises a first control module and at least one battery module, the battery module comprises a battery and a sampling control module, the sampling control module is connected with the battery, and the sampling control module is also connected with the first control module; the sampling control module is used for monitoring state information of the battery; and the first control module is used for receiving the state information of the battery sent by the at least one sampling control module, and performing battery management according to the state information of the battery. Therefore, a sampling control module is arranged at the front end of each battery, so that the problem of accurately monitoring a single battery level can be solved, and the safety and reliability of the battery are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of batteries, and in particular to a battery management system, a battery pack and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] As society continues to develop, batteries, as an energy storage device, are increasingly being used. From the original electrical equipment field to the current automotive field, energy storage power station field, etc., batteries have become an indispensable part of people's lives and production.

[0003] The Battery Management System (BMS) is a system that intelligently manages and maintains each battery cell, which can prevent the battery from overheating, overcharging, over-discharging, etc. However, the related technology is that the main control chip monitors the status and controls the charging of the entire battery pack. If the main control chip is abnormal, the entire battery pack will be in a high-risk state, which is not conducive to the accurate monitoring of the individual battery level, and reduces the safety and reliability of the battery. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model provides a battery management system, a battery pack and a vehicle, which can solve the problem of accurate monitoring of a single battery level, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is achieved in this way:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a battery management system, the battery management system includes a first control module and at least one battery module, the battery module includes a battery and a sampling control module, the sampling control module is connected to the battery, and the sampling control module is also connected to the first control module;

[0007] A sampling control module is used to monitor the status information of the battery;

[0008] The first control module is used to receive the battery status information sent by at least one sampling control module, and perform battery management according to the battery status information.

[0009] Through the above-mentioned technical means, a sampling control module is provided at the front end of each battery, which can both collect battery data and monitor the status information of each battery, thereby realizing accurate data monitoring to the single battery level, and solving the problem of accurate monitoring at the single battery level; in addition, since the battery and the sampling control module form a new circuit packaging method, it can also realize the transformation of the battery into an intelligent product, enhance the scalability of the battery product, and thereby improve the safety and reliability of the battery.

[0010] In some embodiments, the sampling control module includes a sampling circuit and a second control module, and the sampling circuit is connected to the second control module, and the second control module is also connected to the first control module; the sampling circuit is used to collect target data of the battery; the second control module is used to monitor the status information of the battery according to the target data and send the status information of the battery to the first control module.

[0011] Through the above-mentioned technical means, since a sampling circuit and a microcontroller are arranged at the front end of each battery, the front-end data of its relevant status can be accurately monitored, thereby solving the problem of accurate monitoring of the battery pack at the single battery level.

[0012] In some embodiments, the sampling circuit includes at least one of the following: a temperature sampling circuit, a pressure sampling circuit, a gas concentration sampling circuit, a voltage sampling circuit, and a current sampling circuit.

[0013] Through the above technical means, data collection is performed according to different types of sampling circuits, so that different battery states can be monitored, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery.

[0014] In some embodiments, when the sampling circuit includes a temperature sampling circuit, the temperature sampling circuit includes a thermistor, wherein: the temperature sampling circuit is used to collect target data of the battery and send the target data to a second control module; wherein the target data includes reference voltage data and current voltage data at both ends of the thermistor; the second control module is used to calculate the current resistance value of the thermistor based on the reference voltage data and the current voltage data, and determine the current temperature of the battery based on the current resistance value of the thermistor and the mapping relationship between the resistance value and the temperature.

[0015] Through the above technical means, the reference voltage data and the current voltage data at both ends of the thermistor can be obtained by using the temperature sampling circuit. Then, in the microcontroller, the current resistance value of the thermistor can be calculated based on the reference voltage data and the current voltage data. Combined with the pre-established mapping relationship between the resistance value and the temperature, the current temperature of the battery can be determined, thereby realizing accurate monitoring of the temperature status of the battery.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first control module is used to receive the current temperature of the battery sent by the second control module, and perform thermal management on the battery according to the current temperature.

[0017] Through the above-mentioned technical means, based on the communication between the first control module and the second control module, since the main controller is no longer required to monitor the battery status, the problem of transmitting the front-end data of a single battery to the main control chip for analysis and processing is solved. It can also avoid interference in data transmission and has strong anti-interference and high reliability.

[0018] In some embodiments, the battery module also includes a switching circuit, which is connected to the battery, wherein: the switching circuit is used to receive a driving signal sent by the second control module, and control the conduction or closing of the switching circuit according to the driving signal to realize the charging and discharging function of the battery.

[0019] Through the above-mentioned technical means, each battery module is provided with a switching circuit. When a battery fails or is in an abnormal state, the charging and discharging operation can be actively shut down according to the driving signal sent by the second control module, and the battery failure can be handled in advance, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.

[0020] In some embodiments, the second control module is used to send a first drive signal to the switching circuit when it is monitored that there is no abnormality in the working state of the battery; the switching circuit is used to turn on the switch tube of the switching circuit according to the first drive signal when receiving the first drive signal sent by the second control module to perform the charge and discharge function of the battery; or, the second control module is used to send a second drive signal to the switching circuit when it is monitored that there is an abnormality in the working state of the battery; the switching circuit is used to turn off the switch tube of the switching circuit according to the second drive signal when receiving the second drive signal sent by the second control module to shut down the charge and discharge function of the battery.

[0021] Through the above technical means, the second control module can realize certain logic judgment functions. After adding the switch circuit, the microcontroller installed on the battery can shut down the battery charging and discharging after monitoring abnormal data for a period of time, which is more timely than the main controller, thereby improving the safety of the system.

[0022] In some embodiments, the switching circuit includes a discharge switch tube and a charging switch tube, wherein: the first end of the discharge switch tube is connected to the battery, the second end of the discharge switch tube is connected to the second end of the charging switch tube, and the first end of the charging switch tube is connected to an external device; the control end of the discharge switch tube and the control end of the charging switch tube are respectively connected to the second control module.

[0023] Through the above technical means, the state of the discharge switch tube and the charging switch tube is controlled by the second control module, so as to realize the charging and discharging function of the battery. The circuit structure is simple; and the response is more timely than that of the main controller, which can improve the safety of the battery management system.

[0024] In some embodiments, the second control module is connected to the first control module via a communication bus, wherein the communication bus includes at least one of the following: a CAN bus, an SPI bus, and an I2C bus.

[0025] Through the above technical means, the microcontroller in each battery module can communicate with the main controller by accessing the communication bus, thereby improving the communication performance.

[0026] In some embodiments, if the second control module has a bus communication function, the bus communication pin of the second control module is connected to the communication bus; if the second control module does not have a bus communication function, the battery management system also includes a transceiver module, and the second control module is connected to the communication bus through the transceiver module.

[0027] Through the above-mentioned technical means, if the second control module has a bus communication function, then the bus communication pin of the second control module can be directly connected to the communication bus; if the second control module does not have a bus communication function, the battery management system also includes a transceiver module, then the second control module needs to be connected to the communication bus through an external transceiver module, thereby realizing bus communication between the microcontroller and the main controller.

[0028] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a battery pack, and the battery pack includes the battery management system as described in the first aspect.

[0029] Through the above-mentioned technical means, in the battery pack, a sampling control module is provided at the front end of each battery, which can both collect battery data and monitor the status information of each battery, thereby realizing accurate data monitoring to the single battery level, and being able to solve the problem of accurate monitoring at the single battery level; in addition, since the battery and the sampling control module form a new circuit packaging method, it is also possible to transform the battery into an intelligent product, enhance the scalability of the battery product, and thereby improve the safety and reliability of the battery pack.

[0030] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the utility model provides a vehicle, comprising a vehicle controller and a battery management system as described in the first aspect, wherein: the vehicle controller is connected to a first control module to realize information interaction with the battery management system.

[0031] Through the above technical means, each battery is controlled by its own microcontroller, and the main controller is no longer needed to control the battery status. The main controller mainly collects information, and then the main controller communicates with the vehicle controller, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0032] The utility model provides a battery management system, a battery pack and a vehicle, the battery management system includes a first control module and at least one battery module, the battery module includes a battery and a sampling control module, the sampling control module is connected to the battery, and the sampling control module is also connected to the first control module. The sampling control module can monitor the status information of the battery, the first control module receives the status information of the battery sent by at least one sampling control module, and performs battery management according to the status information of the battery. In this way, since the front end of each battery is connected to the sampling control module, it is possible to both collect battery data and monitor the status information of each battery, thereby realizing accurate data monitoring to a single battery level, and solving the problem of accurate monitoring at a single battery level; in addition, for the sampling control module, since the battery is combined with a microcontroller, it is also possible to solve the problem of transmitting the front-end data of a single battery to the main controller for analysis and processing, thereby also realizing the transformation of the battery into an intelligent product, enhancing the scalability of the battery product, and thus improving the safety and reliability of the battery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery management system provided in an embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery management system provided in an embodiment of the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a temperature sampling circuit provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the utility model Figure 2 ;

[0038] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a switch circuit provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a microcontroller with CAN communication provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0040] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a microcontroller without CAN communication provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0041] Fig. 9A detailed structural diagram of a battery management system provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

[0042] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided in an embodiment of the utility model;

[0043] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided in an embodiment of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to more thoroughly understand the features and technical contents of the embodiments of the present invention, the implementation of the embodiments of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The attached drawings are for reference only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art in the field of the present invention. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0046] In the following description, reference is made to “some embodiments”, which describe a subset of all possible embodiments, but it will be understood that “some embodiments” may be the same subset or different subsets of all possible embodiments and may be combined with each other without conflict.

[0047] It should also be pointed out that the terms "first\second\third" involved in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific ordering of the objects. It can be understood that "first\second\third" can be interchanged in a specific order or sequence where permitted, so that the embodiments of the present invention described here can be implemented in an order other than that illustrated or described here.

[0048] New energy batteries are being used more and more widely in life and industry. For example, new energy vehicles equipped with batteries have been widely used. In addition, batteries are also being increasingly used in areas such as energy storage.

[0049] At present, new energy batteries are increasingly used in life and industry. New energy batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydropower, thermal power, wind power and solar power stations, but are also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric cars, as well as aerospace and other fields. With the continuous expansion of the application field of power batteries, the market demand is also constantly expanding.

[0050] In the embodiment of the utility model, the battery may be a battery cell. A battery cell refers to a basic unit that can realize the mutual conversion between chemical energy and electrical energy, and can be used to make a battery module or a battery pack, so as to supply power to an electrical device. A battery cell may be a secondary battery, which refers to a battery cell that can be continuously used by activating the active material by charging after the battery cell is discharged. The battery cell may be a lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, a sodium-lithium-ion battery, a lithium metal battery, a sodium metal battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a magnesium-ion battery, a nickel-hydrogen battery, a nickel-cadmium battery, a lead-acid battery, etc., which is not limited here.

[0051] In the embodiment of the utility model, the battery can also be a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity. When there are multiple battery cells, the multiple battery cells are connected in series, in parallel or in mixed connection through a busbar component.

[0052] With the widespread application of batteries in the fields of power batteries and energy storage, high energy density, high potential and high safety performance have become the main development trends in the future, and safety performance is a key indicator of batteries. In order to improve the safety of batteries, battery protection chips are usually equipped when batteries are used. Battery protection chips can monitor the charging and discharging status of batteries, and actively shut down the charging and discharging circuits when abnormal conditions are detected to prevent damage to the battery, while preventing safety hazards such as fire or explosion.

[0053] In one possible implementation, one or more protection chips are usually provided to protect the battery. In multi-battery applications, the pins of the protection chips can be connected together, so that the control logic module of the main chip can determine whether there is a problem with the battery module connected to the secondary chip through the connected pins, thereby shutting down the safety detection circuit of the secondary chip and reducing energy consumption. However, this implementation still has some defects. For example, the control logic module of the main chip monitors the problem of the entire battery pack and shuts off the charging control. If the main chip is abnormal, the entire battery pack will be in a high-risk state; when the existing chips are cascaded, the safety detection circuit of the secondary chip is idle for a long time, resulting in a waste of resources; and because the main chip and the secondary chip are cascaded through pins, it is difficult to achieve communication between multiple secondary chips and the main chip in actual applications, so it is impossible to control a battery pack with a large number of batteries.

[0054] That is to say, although there are some solutions to battery safety in related technologies, these solutions still cannot solve the problem of accurately monitoring the individual battery level of the battery pack, nor can they solve the problem of transmitting the front-end data of a single battery to the main control chip for analysis and processing.

[0055] Based on this, the embodiment of the utility model provides a battery management system, a battery pack and a vehicle, the battery management system includes a first control module and at least one battery module, the battery module includes a battery and a sampling control module, the sampling control module is connected to the battery, and the sampling control module is also connected to the first control module. The sampling control module can monitor the status information of the battery, the first control module receives the status information of the battery sent by at least one sampling control module, and performs battery management according to the status information of the battery. In this way, since the front end of each battery is connected to the sampling control module, both battery data collection and the status information of each battery can be monitored, thereby realizing data monitoring accurately to the single battery level, which can solve the problem of accurate monitoring at the single battery level; in addition, since the battery is combined with the microcontroller, it can also solve the problem of transmitting the front-end data of a single battery to the main controller for analysis and processing, thereby also realizing the transformation of the battery into an intelligent product, enhancing the scalability of the battery product, and since the microcontroller can actively shut down the charging and discharging operation, it can also respond to the processing of battery failures in advance, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery.

[0056] The various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery management system provided in an embodiment of the utility model Figure 1 See also Figure 1 The battery management system 10 may include a first control module 11 and at least one battery module, and the at least one battery module is connected to the first control module 11 .

[0058] In the embodiment of the present utility model, Figure 1 As shown, taking three battery modules (battery module 12, battery module 13 and battery module 14) as an example, the battery module 12 may include a battery 121 and a sampling control module 122 connected to the battery 121, the battery module 13 may include a battery 131 and a sampling control module 132 connected to the battery 131, the battery module 14 may include a battery 141 and a sampling control module 142 connected to the battery 141, and the sampling control module 122, the sampling control module 132 and the sampling control module 142 are respectively connected to the first control module 11.

[0059] In some embodiments, one of the battery modules (e.g., battery module 12) is taken as an example below. The battery module 12 may include a battery 121 and a sampling control module 122. The sampling control module 122 is connected to the battery 121, and the sampling control module 122 is also connected to the first control module 11; wherein:

[0060] The sampling control module 122 is used to monitor the status information of the battery 121;

[0061] The first control module 11 is used to receive battery status information sent by at least one sampling control module, and perform battery management according to the battery status information.

[0062] That is to say, in the embodiment of the utility model, for each battery module, a sampling control module is arranged at the front end of the battery, so as to accurately monitor the relevant status of the battery, so that the monitoring of the front end data is accurate to the single battery level.

[0063] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the utility model, for each sampling control module, it is possible to both collect battery data and monitor the status information of the corresponding connected battery, such as temperature, pressure, capacity, voltage, current and other status information, and has strong applicability; and the status information of each battery can be processed by its own sampling control module, thereby solving the problem of transmitting the front-end data of a single battery to the main controller for analysis and processing, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery.

[0064] It should also be noted that in the battery management system 10, the number of battery modules can be one, two, three, four, five or more. In other words, the battery management system 10 can arbitrarily increase or decrease the number of battery modules according to actual needs; since the battery and the sampling control module form a new circuit packaging method, the scalability of the battery product can also be enhanced.

[0065] In some embodiments, still taking the battery module 12 as an example, see Figure 2 The sampling control module 122 may include a sampling circuit 1221 and a second control module 1222, and the sampling circuit 1221 is connected to the second control module 1222, and the second control module 1222 is also connected to the first control module 11;

[0066] The sampling circuit 1221 is used to collect target data of the battery 121;

[0067] The second control module 1222 is used to monitor the battery status information according to the target data and send the battery status information to the first control module 11 .

[0068] In the embodiment of the utility model, the first control module can be a main controller, or called a main control chip, a main chip, etc.; the second control module can be a slave controller, or called a slave chip, a secondary chip, etc.

[0069] Exemplarily, the master controller may be a master microcontroller unit (MCU); the slave controller may be a slave MCU, so the second control module may also be referred to as a microcontroller.

[0070] In a specific implementation, each sampling control module may be composed of a sampling circuit and a microcontroller. That is, the sampling circuit collects target data of the connected battery, and the microcontroller analyzes and processes the target data to monitor the battery status information, and sends the battery status information to the main controller.

[0071] In this way, since a sampling circuit and a microcontroller are arranged at the front end of each battery, the front-end data of its relevant status can be accurately monitored, thereby solving the problem of accurate monitoring of the battery pack at the individual battery level.

[0072] It is understandable that the types of sampling circuits may include many items. In some embodiments, the sampling circuit includes at least one of the following: a temperature sampling circuit, a pressure sampling circuit, a gas concentration sampling circuit, a voltage sampling circuit, and a current sampling circuit.

[0073] In the embodiment of the utility model, the types of sampling circuits include but are not limited to temperature sampling circuits, pressure sampling circuits, gas concentration sampling circuits, voltage sampling circuits, and current sampling circuits. Among them, different types of sampling circuits collect different target data. Exemplarily, the target data can be temperature, pressure, gas concentration, voltage, current, power, and other related data, which has strong applicability.

[0074] In this way, by collecting data according to different types of sampling circuits, different battery states (such as temperature state, overvoltage state, overcurrent state, etc.) can be monitored, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery.

[0075] In a specific implementation, still taking the battery module 12 as an example, when the sampling circuit includes a temperature sampling circuit, Figure 2 Based on the battery module 12 shown, see Figure 3 The battery module 12 may include a battery 121, a temperature sampling circuit 311 and a microcontroller 312; the temperature sampling circuit 311 includes a thermistor, and the temperature sampling circuit 311 is connected to the microcontroller 312, wherein:

[0076] The temperature sampling circuit 311 is used to collect target data of the battery 121 and send the target data to the microcontroller 312; wherein the target data may include reference voltage data and current voltage data across the thermistor;

[0077] The microcontroller 312 is used to calculate the current resistance value of the thermistor according to the reference voltage data and the current voltage data, and determine the current temperature of the battery 121 according to the current resistance value of the thermistor and the mapping relationship between the resistance value and the temperature.

[0078] In the embodiment of the utility model, the thermistor is a sensor resistor whose resistance value changes with the change of temperature. According to the different temperature coefficients, it can be divided into a positive temperature coefficient thermistor (Positive Temperature Coefficient thermistor, PTC thermistor) and a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (Negative Temperature Coefficient thermistor, NTC thermistor). Among them, the resistance value of the positive temperature coefficient thermistor increases with the increase of temperature, and the resistance value of the negative temperature coefficient thermistor decreases with the increase of temperature.

[0079] In the embodiment of the utility model, the mapping relationship between resistance value and temperature is pre-stored in the microcontroller 312. In this way, after the current resistance value of the thermistor is calculated, the current temperature of the battery 121 can be obtained according to the mapping relationship between resistance value and temperature.

[0080] In addition, in the embodiment of the present utility model, a lookup table is pre-stored in the microcontroller 312, and the lookup table is used to record the mapping relationship between the resistance value and the temperature. Thus, the current temperature of the battery 121 can also be determined by a table lookup method.

[0081] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the mapping relationship (i.e., the corresponding relationship between resistance value and temperature) can be a linear relationship, or it can also be a nonlinear relationship, such as a power function relationship, an exponential function relationship, a logarithmic function relationship, etc., without any limitation here.

[0082] For example, see Figure 4 The temperature sampling circuit 311 may include a thermistor RTC, a first inductor L1, a second inductor L2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2. The specific connection relationship is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0083] exist Figure 4In the embodiment, a first node TX1 is connected between the first resistor R1 and the first capacitor C1, a second node TX2 is connected between the fifth resistor R5 and the second capacitor C2, and one end of the first capacitor C1, one end of the fourth resistor R4, and one end of the second capacitor C2 are all connected to the ground node GND. The first node TX1, the second node TX2, and the ground node GND are respectively connected to corresponding pins of the microcontroller 312.

[0084] That is to say, in the embodiment of the utility model, a sampling circuit is arranged on each battery and a corresponding microcontroller is installed, and the microcontroller converts the analog signal into a digital signal, and then calculates and converts the collected target data into the required detection value through table lookup and other operations.

[0085] It should also be noted that before the reference voltage data and the current voltage data across the thermistor are transmitted to the microcontroller, the reference voltage data and the current voltage data across the thermistor need to be filtered by an inductance-resistance (LR) filter before being sent to the microcontroller for conversion to calculate the current temperature of the battery.

[0086] For example, Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 The marked positions GND, TX1, and TX2 in the figure are connected to the corresponding pins of the microcontroller respectively so as to be connected to the microcontroller. In the microcontroller, the register corresponding to TX1 stores the voltage value V across the thermistor. t , the register corresponding to TX2 stores the reference voltage value V r , substitute into the formula The current resistance R of the thermistor can be solved t , and the current temperature is obtained based on the mapping relationship between resistance value and temperature.

[0087] In this way, the temperature sampling circuit can be used to obtain reference voltage data and current voltage data across the thermistor. Then, in the microcontroller, the current resistance value of the thermistor can be calculated based on the reference voltage data and the current voltage data. Combined with the pre-established mapping relationship between resistance value and temperature, the current temperature of the battery can be determined, thereby achieving accurate monitoring of the battery's temperature status.

[0088] In some embodiments, the first control module 11 is used to receive the current temperature of the battery sent by the second control module, and perform thermal management on the battery according to the current temperature.

[0089] In the embodiment of the utility model, the first control module is connected to the second control module. Still taking temperature acquisition as an example, after receiving the current temperature of the battery, the first control module can determine whether to perform thermal management operations such as heating or heat dissipation according to the temperature state of the battery.

[0090] In this way, based on the communication between the first control module and the second control module, since the main controller is no longer needed to monitor the battery status, the problem of transmitting the front-end data of a single battery to the main control chip for analysis and processing is solved, and interference in data transmission can be avoided. It has strong anti-interference and high reliability.

[0091] In some embodiments, still taking the battery module 12 as an example, Figure 2 Based on the battery module 12 shown, see Figure 5 The battery module 12 may further include a switch circuit 123, the switch circuit 123 is connected to the battery 121, wherein:

[0092] The switch circuit 123 is used to receive the driving signal sent by the second control module 1222 and control the switch circuit 123 to be turned on or off according to the driving signal to realize the charging and discharging function of the battery 121 .

[0093] In the embodiment of the utility model, the switch circuit 123 can also be called a charge and discharge circuit, which is used to realize the charge and discharge function of the battery. Each battery module is provided with a switch circuit, and when a battery fails or is in an abnormal state, the charge and discharge operation can be actively shut down according to the driving signal sent by the second control module, so as to deal with the battery failure in advance, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.

[0094] In a specific implementation, the second control module 1222 is used to send a first driving signal to the switch circuit 123 when it is detected that the working state of the battery 121 is normal;

[0095] The switch circuit 123 is used to turn on the switch tube of the switch circuit 123 according to the first drive signal when receiving the first drive signal sent by the second control module 1222, so as to perform the charge and discharge function of the battery 121.

[0096] In a specific implementation, the second control module 1222 is used to send a second driving signal to the switch circuit 123 when detecting that the working state of the battery 121 is abnormal;

[0097] The switch circuit 123 is used to turn off the switch tube of the switch circuit 123 according to the second drive signal when receiving the second drive signal sent by the second control module 1222, so as to turn off the charge and discharge function of the battery 121.

[0098] In the embodiment of the utility model, the first driving signal may be a high level, that is, a logic 1 level signal; the second driving signal may be a low level, that is, a logic 0 level signal.

[0099] In an embodiment of the utility model, when there is no abnormality in the battery, the second control module sends a high-level signal, and the switch tube of the switch circuit is turned on, so that the battery can be charged and discharged normally; when a battery abnormality is detected, the second control module sends a low-level signal, and the switch tube of the switch circuit cannot obtain the turn-on voltage, so as to shut down the charging and discharging function of the battery, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.

[0100] In this way, the second control module can realize certain logic judgment functions. After adding the switch circuit, the microcontroller installed on the battery can shut down the battery charging and discharging after monitoring abnormal data for a period of time, which is more timely than the main controller, thereby improving the safety of the system.

[0101] In some embodiments, see Figure 6 , the switch circuit 123 may include a discharge switch tube MD and a charge switch tube MC, wherein:

[0102] A first end of the discharge switch tube MD is connected to the battery 121, a second end of the discharge switch tube MD is connected to the second end of the charge switch tube MC, and a first end of the charge switch tube MC is connected to the external device 61; a control end of the discharge switch tube MD and a control end of the charge switch tube MC are respectively connected to the second control module 1222.

[0103] In the embodiment of the present invention, both the discharge switch tube MD and the charge switch tube MC can be switch tubes with parasitic diodes, such as MOS tubes with parasitic diodes.

[0104] In the embodiment of the utility model, the protection circuit provided at the battery port can provide a driving signal to the second control module at least according to the detected battery voltage, so as to control the discharge switch tube MD and the charge switch tube MC through the level state of the driving signal, thereby realizing the charge and discharge control of the battery. When the battery is charged, it is charged through an external device (such as a charger), and when discharging, the battery management system discharges to an external device (such as a load).

[0105] For example, Figure 6 As shown, when the battery is discharging, the discharge switch tube MD and the charging switch tube MC are both in the on state, and the discharge current flows through the parasitic diode of the discharge switch tube MD and the charging switch tube MC to the external device (such as a load); when the battery is charging, the discharge switch tube MD and the charging switch tube MC are both in the on state, and the charging current flows through the parasitic diode of the charging switch tube MC and the discharge switch tube MC to the battery, and the battery is charged by the external device (such as a charger).

[0106] In this way, the charging and discharging functions of the battery can be realized by controlling the states of the discharge switch tube and the charge switch tube through the second control module, and the circuit structure is simple; and the response is more timely than that of the main controller, which can improve the safety of the battery management system.

[0107] In some embodiments, still taking the battery module 12 as an example, the second control module 1222 is connected to the first control module 11 via a communication bus. The communication bus includes at least one of the following: a controller area network (CAN) bus, a serial peripheral interface (SPI) bus, and an inter-integrated circuit (I2C) bus.

[0108] In the embodiment of the utility model, the microcontroller in each battery module can communicate with the main controller by accessing the communication bus, so as to transmit the data to the main controller via the bus for further analysis and processing. The communication bus here can be a CAN bus, an SPI bus, an I2C bus, etc., without any limitation.

[0109] In some embodiments, if the second control module 1222 has a bus communication function, the bus communication pin of the second control module 1222 is connected to the communication bus; if the second control module 1222 does not have a bus communication function, the battery management system 10 may also include a transceiver module, and the second control module 1222 is connected to the communication bus through the transceiver module.

[0110] In the embodiment of the present utility model, taking CAN communication as an example, for the second control module (ie, microcontroller), some microcontrollers may have the CAN communication function, but some microcontrollers may not have the CAN communication function.

[0111] For example, a microcontroller having a CAN communication function is Figure 7 As shown, at this time, the bus can be connected through the CANH and CANL pins; microcontrollers that do not have CAN communication functions such as Figure 8 As shown, at this time, the communication function can be realized through an external CAN transceiver module, thereby realizing bus communication between the microcontroller and the main controller.

[0112] The embodiment of the utility model provides a battery management system, and the sampling circuit and microcontroller connected to the front end of each battery can be regarded as a small BMS, that is, a battery technology with a built-in BMS is provided here, which can both collect battery data and monitor the status information of each battery, thereby realizing accurate data monitoring to the single battery level, and can solve the problem of accurate monitoring at the single battery level; in addition, since the battery is combined with the microcontroller, it can also solve the problem of transmitting the front-end data of a single battery to the main controller for analysis and processing, thereby also realizing the transformation of the battery into an intelligent product and enhancing the scalability of the battery product, and since the microcontroller can actively shut down the charging and discharging operations, it can also respond to the processing of battery failures in advance, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the battery.

[0113] In another embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 9 A detailed structural diagram of a battery management system provided by an embodiment of the utility model. Fig. 9 The battery management system 10 may include a first control module 11 , a battery module 12 , a battery module 13 , a battery module 14 , a battery module 15 and a battery module 16 .

[0114] In the embodiment of the present utility model, Fig. 9 As shown, each battery module is composed of a battery, a sampling circuit and a microcontroller. In addition, the first control module 11, as a main controller, can be connected to each microcontroller through three schematic communication buses.

[0115] In the embodiment of the utility model, in order to improve the safety performance of the battery, as the energy storage battery becomes larger and larger, the management of individual batteries becomes more and more important. The embodiment of the utility model provides a new circuit packaging method to more accurately monitor and manage the front-end data of the power battery. Specifically, a sampling circuit and a microcontroller are arranged on each battery to accurately monitor the front-end data of its related status. For details, see Fig. 9 shown.

[0116] In a specific implementation, the battery management system may include:

[0117] 1. Arrange a sampling circuit on each battery and install a corresponding microcontroller, which will convert analog signals into digital signals, calculate and look up tables to convert monitoring data into required detection values, etc.

[0118] For example, taking temperature acquisition as an example, the reference voltage value and the voltage value reflected by the thermistor are sent to the microcontroller for conversion after LR filtering, so as to calculate the current temperature.

[0119] Temperature acquisition circuit Figure 4As shown, the corresponding pins of the microcontroller are connected at the marked positions (GND, TX1, TX2) to access the microcontroller. The register corresponding to TX1 stores the voltage value V across the thermistor. t , the register corresponding to TX2 stores the reference voltage value V r , substitute into the formula Calculate the current resistance R of the thermistor t , and the current temperature is obtained based on the corresponding relationship between resistance value and temperature.

[0120] 2. The microcontroller can realize certain logic judgment functions. For example, after adding the corresponding charging and discharging circuit, the microcontroller on the battery can shut down the charging and discharging of the battery after detecting abnormal data for a period of time. Compared with the main controller, the response is more timely and can improve the safety of the system.

[0121] For example, Figure 6 As shown, there are MOS tubes at both the charging and discharging ends. If the protection circuit at the battery port outputs a high-level enable signal, that is, it is determined that the battery is normal, the MOS tube is turned on, and the battery can be charged and discharged normally; if the microcontroller detects abnormal data, it can output a low-level enable signal so that the MOS tube cannot obtain the start-up voltage, thereby shutting down the charging and discharging circuit.

[0122] 3. The microcontroller needs to be connected to the communication bus and transmit the data to the main controller via the bus for further analysis and processing. Taking temperature acquisition as an example, after receiving the data, the main controller will decide whether to perform thermal management operations such as heating or cooling according to the temperature status of the battery.

[0123] In addition, for microcontrollers with CAN communication function (such as Figure 7 As shown in Figure 1), you only need to connect the CANH and CANL pins to the bus. For microcontrollers that do not have CAN communication functions (such as Figure 8 As shown), an external CAN converter can be connected to realize the communication function.

[0124] 4. In the embodiment of the utility model, temperature sampling can also be extended to pressure sampling, gas concentration sampling, etc., to monitor the current working status of the battery from all directions and angles.

[0125] The embodiment of the utility model provides a battery management system. The specific implementation of the aforementioned embodiment is described in detail through the above embodiment. It can be seen that compared with the related art, the functional division of the microcontroller and the main controller is different in the present technical solution. Most of the functions of the traditional distributed structure are on the main controller, while the present technical solution is migrated to the microcontroller; in addition, the present technical solution is equivalent to building a small BMS inside each battery, and this solution has strong scalability. Each battery module can communicate by being directly plugged into the bus; in addition, each battery is controlled by its own microcontroller, and the main controller is no longer required to control the battery status, so that the response speed is fast and bus interference is avoided. , high reliability; that is to say, through the technical solution of the aforementioned embodiment, the battery data is collected accurately to the level of a single battery, opening up the last mile of battery information collection; the microcontroller is combined with the battery to transform the battery into an intelligent product for the first time, thereby enhancing the scalability of the battery product; in this way, the data is monitored accurately to the level of a single battery, and the temperature, pressure, capacity, voltage, current and other status information of a single battery are detected. The structure is simple, the applicability is strong, the combination method is flexible, and it can be compatible with management systems of battery packs of various specifications; and when a battery fails or is in an abnormal state, the microcontroller can actively shut down the charge and discharge operation to handle the battery failure in advance, thereby improving the safety performance of the battery.

[0126] In another embodiment of the present invention, Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the utility model. Fig.10 As shown, the battery pack 100 may include a battery management system 10 as described in any of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0127] In another embodiment of the present invention, Fig.11 The following is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vehicle provided by an embodiment of the utility model. Fig.11 As shown, the vehicle 110 may include a vehicle controller 1101 and a battery management system 10 as any one of the aforementioned embodiments.

[0128] In the embodiment of the utility model, the vehicle controller 1101 is connected to the first control module 11 to realize information interaction with the battery management system 10 .

[0129] In the embodiment of the utility model, the first control module 11 serves as the main controller of the battery management system, and a sampling circuit and a microcontroller are provided at the front end of each battery to realize accurate data monitoring to the single battery level, such as monitoring the temperature, pressure, capacity, voltage, current and other status information of a single battery; and each battery is controlled by its own microcontroller, and the main controller is no longer required to control the battery status. The main controller mainly collects information, and then the main controller communicates with the vehicle controller, thereby improving the safety of the vehicle.

[0130] It should be understood that "some embodiments" or "an embodiment" mentioned throughout the specification means that specific features, structures or characteristics related to the embodiments are included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, "in some embodiments" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these specific features, structures or characteristics can be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present utility model, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned steps / processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each step / process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present disclosure. The serial numbers of the embodiments of the present disclosure are for description only and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0131] It should be noted that, in the present utility model, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "includes a ..." does not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0132] It should also be noted that in the several embodiments provided by the present utility model, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and devices can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0133] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the utility model may all be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as a unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the above integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0134] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included in the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery management system, characterized in that: The battery management system includes a first control module and at least one battery module, the battery module includes a battery and a sampling control module, the sampling control module is connected to the battery, and the sampling control module is also connected to the first control module; The sampling control module is used to monitor the status information of the battery; The first control module is used to receive the battery status information sent by at least one of the sampling control modules, and perform battery management according to the battery status information.

2. The battery management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling control module includes a sampling circuit and a second control module, wherein the sampling circuit is connected to the second control module, and the second control module is also connected to the first control module; The sampling circuit is used to collect target data of the battery; The second control module is used to monitor the status information of the battery according to the target data, and send the status information of the battery to the first control module.

3. The battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sampling circuit includes at least one of the following: a temperature sampling circuit, a pressure sampling circuit, a gas concentration sampling circuit, a voltage sampling circuit and a current sampling circuit.

4. The battery management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the sampling circuit includes a temperature sampling circuit, the temperature sampling circuit includes a thermistor, wherein: The temperature sampling circuit is used to collect target data of the battery and send the target data to the second control module; wherein the target data includes reference voltage data and current voltage data across the thermistor; The second control module is used to calculate the current resistance value of the thermistor according to the reference voltage data and the current voltage data, and determine the current temperature of the battery according to the current resistance value of the thermistor and the mapping relationship between the resistance value and the temperature.

5. The battery management system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first control module is used to receive the current temperature of the battery sent by the second control module, and perform thermal management on the battery according to the current temperature.

6. The battery management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The battery module further includes a switch circuit, which is connected to the battery, wherein: The switch circuit is used to receive the driving signal sent by the second control module, and control the switching circuit to be turned on or off according to the driving signal to realize the charging and discharging function of the battery.

7. The battery management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second control module is used to send a first driving signal to the switch circuit when it is detected that the working state of the battery is normal; The switch circuit is used to, when receiving the first drive signal sent by the second control module, turn on the switch tube of the switch circuit according to the first drive signal to perform the charge and discharge function of the battery; or, The second control module is used to send a second driving signal to the switch circuit when detecting that the working state of the battery is abnormal; The switch circuit is used to turn off the switch tube of the switch circuit according to the second drive signal when receiving the second drive signal sent by the second control module, so as to turn off the charge and discharge function of the battery.

8. The battery management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The switch circuit includes a discharge switch tube and a charge switch tube, wherein: The first end of the discharge switch tube is connected to the battery, the second end of the discharge switch tube is connected to the second end of the charging switch tube, and the first end of the charging switch tube is connected to an external device; the control end of the discharge switch tube and the control end of the charging switch tube are respectively connected to the second control module.

9. The battery management system according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The second control module is connected to the first control module via a communication bus, wherein: The communication bus includes at least one of the following: a CAN bus, an SPI bus and an I2C bus.

10. The battery management system according to claim 9, characterized in that: If the second control module has a bus communication function, the bus communication pin of the second control module is connected to the communication bus; If the second control module does not have a bus communication function, the battery management system further includes a transceiver module, and the second control module is connected to the communication bus via the transceiver module.

11. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack includes the battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises a vehicle controller and a battery management system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: The vehicle controller is connected to the first control module to achieve information interaction with the battery management system.

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