Multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly

Abstract

A multi-strand wire type photovoltaic cell assembly comprises a first inner electrode, a second inner electrode, a third inner electrode and a fourth inner electrode, the first functional photosensitive layer is of a tubular structure and wraps the first inner electrode; the second inner electrode is a linear conductor; the second functional photosensitive layer is of a tubular structure and wraps the second inner electrode; a conductive wire rod which is a linear conductor; the transparent protection layer is of a tubular structure; the first functional photosensitive layer, the second functional photosensitive layer and the conductive wire rod are mutually fixed to form a braid-shaped structure in a twisting manner, and the braid-shaped structure wraps the transparent protective layer; the first functional photosensitive layer and the second functional photosensitive layer have a photovoltaic effect, and generated output voltages have the same polarity. Two batteries with the same polarity are adopted, one end of each battery is led out through the transparent outer electrode and the conductive wire, and the other end of each battery is led out from the corresponding inner electrode, so that electric energy loss can be reduced, and battery efficiency is improved; and high stability and high reliability of the conductivity of the outer electrode of the battery assembly are realized through a multi-strand stranding method.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of photovoltaic cells, and in particular relates to a multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic cells are devices that use the photovoltaic effect to convert light energy into electrical energy. They are photoelectric semiconductor sheets that can directly generate electricity by absorbing light. The main application of photovoltaic cells is solar power generation, so they are also called solar cells. Traditional solar cells use silicon wafers as substrates. Due to the structural morphology of silicon wafers, the prepared solar cells are a rigid planar structure. In recent years, with the development of thin-film battery technology, flexible batteries have been widely studied because of their bendability, light weight, and wide range of applications. Usually, flexible batteries are formed by preparing battery thin film materials on flexible transparent films, which can greatly reduce the weight of the product while having a certain degree of softness. With the development of technology, in order to be able to use sunlight to convert into usable electrical energy anytime and anywhere, and facilitate personal use of solar energy, wearable devices have received widespread attention. Therefore, fiber-shaped flexible solar cells that can be woven have been proposed, also known as linear photovoltaic cells. Linear photovoltaic cells are constructed on flexible linear substrates. Working electrodes are deposited with multiple functional layers and counter electrodes, and assembled into complete devices to achieve photoelectric conversion. Compared with flexible planar batteries, linear batteries are not only light and bendable, but can also withstand various three-dimensional deformations such as twisting and knotting, and have a wider range of applications.

[0003] However, the transparent external electrodes of existing linear photovoltaic cells need to maintain good light transmittance, so their thickness is usually thin, often only at the nm level. Existing linear photovoltaic cells transfer charges from one end of the cell to the other end through the external electrodes, which has the problem of excessive resistance. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the problem that the existing linear photovoltaic cell has too large resistance when transferring charges from one end of the cell to the other end through the external electrode.

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to adopt the following technical solutions to achieve:

[0006] A multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly, the photovoltaic cell assembly comprising:

[0007] A linear sub-cell comprises: an inner electrode which is a linear conductor; and

[0008] A functional photosensitive layer, covering the inner electrode;

[0009] Conductive wire is a linear conductor;

[0010] Transparent protective layer, tubular structure;

[0011] One or more of the linear sub-cells and one or more of the conductive wires are fixed to each other by twisting to form a braided structure, and are wrapped in the transparent protective layer; the internal electrodes of one or more of the linear sub-cells are combined into an output electrode of the photovoltaic cell assembly, and one or more of the conductive wires are combined into another output electrode of the photovoltaic cell assembly.

[0012] Preferably, the photovoltaic cell assembly further comprises a transparent external electrode sleeved on the outside of the functional photosensitive layer or the braided structure.

[0013] Preferably, the functional photosensitive layer includes a pn, np, pin, nip, nn+, pp+, nn-, pp- structure, or a multilayer combination based on the structure.

[0014] Preferably, the material of the transparent external electrode includes a transparent oxide film, a transparent metal film, a transparent conductive nano film, a transparent conductive carbon film, and a conductive grid.

[0015] Preferably, the materials of the inner electrode and the conductive wire include metal wire, carbon fiber, conductive fiber, and an insulating wire with a conductive layer coated on the outer surface may also be used.

[0016] Preferably, the functional photosensitive layer includes: one or more of silicon-based semiconductor materials, selenium-based semiconductor materials, CIGS compound materials, iodide materials, perovskite materials, dye-sensitized battery materials, and organic compound battery materials.

[0017] Preferably, the inner electrode and the conductive wire are led out from the same end, or from two ends respectively.

[0018] Preferably, the material of the transparent external electrode includes ITO, FTO, and a conductive grid filled with a transparent material.

[0019] Preferably, the inner electrode and the conductive wire are solid or hollow wires.

[0020] Preferably, the transparent protective layer is an insulating material.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0022] The main difference between the utility model and the conventional linear photovoltaic cell assembly is that the conventional linear photovoltaic cell is Figure 2In the structure shown, the photocurrent generated by the functional photosensitive layer is transmitted via the inner electrode and the transparent outer electrode. Since the inner electrode only needs to meet the requirements of softness and conductivity, its thickness can be well designed, so its resistance is usually very small. However, the outer electrode needs to prioritize light transmittance, so its thickness is extremely thin, so its resistance per unit length is large, and the current loss is large when it is transmitted axially along the outer electrode of the linear battery. Using the method of the utility model, the charge formed by the photovoltaic cell can be drawn out from the inner electrode at one end and from the conductive wire at the other end, greatly reducing the resistance. Furthermore, the utility model increases the contact area and reduces the contact resistance between the conductive wire and the linear sub-battery by a multi-strand twisting method, so that the outer surface of the sub-battery can be closely combined with the conductive wire to achieve a good conductive effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single-core photovoltaic cell;

[0025] Among them: 1. first inner electrode, 2. first functional photosensitive layer, 3. second inner electrode, 4. second functional photosensitive layer, 5-1. first conductive wire, 5-2. second conductive wire, 6. transparent protective layer, 10. inner electrode, 20. functional photosensitive layer, 30. transparent outer electrode, 80. transparent outer protective layer, 201. P layer, 202. I layer, 203. I layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to help understand the content of the utility model.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, 1. A multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly, the photovoltaic cell assembly comprising:

[0028] A linear sub-cell comprises: an inner electrode which is a linear conductor; and

[0029] A functional photosensitive layer, covering the inner electrode;

[0030] Conductive wire is a linear conductor;

[0031] Transparent protective layer 6, tubular structure;

[0032] One or more of the linear sub-cells and one or more of the conductive wires are fixed to each other by twisting to form a braided structure, and are wrapped in the transparent protective layer 6; the internal electrodes of one or more of the linear sub-cells are combined into an output electrode of the photovoltaic cell assembly, and one or more of the conductive wires are combined into another output electrode of the photovoltaic cell assembly.

[0033] This embodiment includes two linear sub-cells, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first linear sub-cell includes a first internal electrode 1 and a first functional photosensitive layer 2 coated thereon; the second linear sub-cell includes a second internal electrode 3 and a second functional photosensitive layer 4 coated thereon.

[0034] The conductive wires include a first conductive wire 5 - 1 and a second conductive wire 5 - 2 .

[0035] The multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly in this embodiment is a linear photovoltaic cell assembly formed by twisting two sub-linear cells and two conductive wires. In order to better realize the twisted structure, the sub-linear cells and the conductive wires must have a certain degree of flexibility. A transparent protective layer is made outside the twisted cell assembly to protect the cells. The structure of each sub-linear cell is as follows: Figure 1 As shown. Two sub-linear batteries lead out two inner electrodes at one end, and the two conductive wires are tightly combined with the transparent outer electrodes of the sub-linear batteries when twisted, so they serve as the common outer electrodes of the two sub-linear batteries. The inner electrodes of the two sub-linear batteries form other electrodes respectively. Usually, if the output voltages of the two sub-linear batteries are close, the inner electrodes of the two sub-linear batteries can be combined and led out, and the two sub-linear batteries form a parallel structure. Then the electrodes of the entire battery assembly are the common electrode of the conductive wire and the combined inner electrode of the sub-linear battery.

[0036] The inner electrode of the sub-cell can be a solid or hollow conductor, and its form and material can be a metal wire / thread / strip such as Au wire, Ag wire, Cu wire, Al wire, Ti wire, carbon fiber, conductive fiber, etc., or a multilayer structure with a conductive layer coated on the surface of an insulating wire / thread / fiber / strip or insulating tube, such as a polymer fiber, glass fiber, cotton thread, hemp thread, plastic tube, etc. coated with a conductive layer. The functional photosensitive layer of the sub-cell is a heterojunction or homojunction formed by multiple layers of materials, with structures such as pn, np, pin, nip, nn+, pp+, nn-, pp-, etc., or a multi-layer based on these structures. Its main material can be various materials currently used in thin-film batteries, such as silicon-based, selenium-based and other IV group semiconductor materials, GaAs and other III-V group semiconductor materials, CdTe and other II-VI group semiconductor materials, CIGS and other compound materials, iodide materials, perovskite materials, dye-sensitized battery materials, organic compound battery materials, etc., and sometimes a modification layer can be added. The transparent external electrode is a conductive material with a certain light transmittance, which can be a transparent conductive film such as ITO, FTO, etc., or a transparent metal film such as gold, silver film, nano material film such as nano silver, conductive grid, transparent carbon film, etc. Since the conductive wire material woven together also has a certain ability to extract charge, the transparent external electrode can be omitted in some cases.

[0037] The conductive wire mainly serves to lead the current out from the surface of each sub-battery and provide a current channel. It can be a solid or hollow wire, and its form and material can be a metal wire / thread / strip such as Au wire, Ag wire, Cu wire, Al wire, Ti wire, carbon fiber, conductive fiber, etc., or a multilayer structure in which a conductive layer is coated on the surface of an insulating wire / thread / fiber / strip or insulating tube, such as a polymer fiber, glass fiber, cotton thread, hemp thread, plastic tube, etc. coated with a conductive layer.

[0038] The transparent protective layer is an insulating material with good light transmittance, and is generally an organic or glass film.

[0039] Figure 1 The conductive wire lead-out electrode and the sub-cell lead-out inner electrode are shown to be led out at the same end of the entire assembly. In fact, due to the particularity of linear batteries, these two sets of electrodes can be led out at one end of the entire battery assembly, or from both ends. Of course, in order to facilitate the connection of the battery assembly with the outside, two electrodes can also be led out at both ends.

[0040] Figure 1 The figure shows the twisting method of two sub-line batteries and two conductive wires. In practical applications, we should also consider the thickness and performance of the sub-line batteries and conductive wires, and comprehensively adjust the ratio of their number to achieve higher efficiency of the entire battery assembly. Generally, when meeting the resistance requirements, the diameter and number of conductive wires should be minimized to avoid blocking the light of the assembly. In addition, there should be no restrictions on the twisting method.

[0041] The common linear photovoltaic cells are Figure 2 The structure shown includes an inner electrode 10, a functional photosensitive layer 20, a transparent outer electrode 30, and a transparent outer protective layer 80; the functional photosensitive layer 20 includes a P layer 201, an I layer 202, and an I layer 203, which together form a typical NIP structure. The photocurrent generated by the functional photosensitive layer is transmitted via the inner electrode and the transparent outer electrode. Due to the presence of the inner electrode and the conductive wire, the two types of charges generated by the functional photosensitive layer of the utility model are transmitted through the inner electrode in part and the transparent outer electrode and the conductive wire in another part. The transparent outer electrode is usually only nanometer thick, and its resistivity is large, making it difficult to carry out long-distance charge transmission, while the size of the conductive wire is large, generally equivalent to the inner electrode, so the resistance of the linear battery pack in the axial direction is greatly reduced, so longer components can be made, or the battery pack can be connected in series at both ends to form a longer linear component. With these longer linear components, they can be woven to form a large-area battery module to meet various application requirements.

[0042] The above embodiments are only several typical application schemes of the linear photovoltaic cell assembly structure required by the utility model, and do not mean that the utility model is limited to these embodiments. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical scheme of the embodiment described currently or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents, and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical scheme deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical scheme of the utility model, and therefore cannot deviate from the claims of the utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell assembly comprises: A linear sub-cell comprises: an inner electrode which is a linear conductor; and A functional photosensitive layer, covering the inner electrode; Conductive wire is a linear conductor; Transparent protective layer, tubular structure; One or more of the linear sub-batteries and one or more of the conductive wires are fixed to each other by twisting to form a braided structure, and are wrapped in the transparent protective layer; One or more inner electrodes of the linear sub-cells are combined into one output electrode of the photovoltaic cell assembly, and one or more conductive wires are combined into another output electrode of the photovoltaic cell assembly.

2. A multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The photovoltaic cell assembly also includes a transparent external electrode sleeved on the outside of the functional photosensitive layer or the braided structure.

3. A multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The functional photosensitive layer includes one of the pn, np, pin, nip, nn+, pp+, nn-, pp- structures, or a multilayer combination based on the structures.

4. A multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The material of the transparent external electrode includes one or a combination of transparent oxide film, transparent metal film, transparent conductive nano film, transparent conductive carbon film, and conductive grid.

5. A multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the inner electrode and the conductive wire include one or a combination of metal wire, carbon fiber, conductive fiber, and an insulating wire coated with a conductive layer.

6. A multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The functional photosensitive layer includes: one or more of silicon-based semiconductor materials, selenium-based semiconductor materials, CIGS compound materials, iodide materials, perovskite materials, dye-sensitized battery materials, and organic compound battery materials.

7. A multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner electrode and the conductive wire are led out from the same end, or from two ends respectively.

8. The multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner electrode and the conductive wire are solid or hollow wires.

9. The multi-strand linear photovoltaic cell assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent protective layer is made of insulating material.

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