Small white radish harvester

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural machinery, and aims to provide a small white radish harvester which has the characteristics of strong adaptability, high production efficiency and simple structure. According to the technical scheme, the small white radish harvester comprises a rack, wherein small walking wheels are arranged at the bottom end of the rack, and the rack is driven by a movement mechanism; the device is characterized in that the soil loosening mechanism and the gathering mechanism are installed at the front end of the rack, the picking mechanism is installed in the middle of the rack, and the radish collecting box is installed on the rear portion of the rack.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to an agricultural machine, in particular to a small-sized white radish harvester. Background Art

[0002] Radish has a long history of cultivation and cultural background in China, and is one of China's traditional vegetables. my country has a high radish harvesting area and high yield, and is the world's leading radish planting country. Manual radish pulling requires long hours of bending over, which is harmful to the workers' health and has low production efficiency. The mechanization level of radish production in my country is still relatively low; although foreign automated seeders and harvesters have been introduced in recent years, they are not suitable for harvesting white radishes on small and medium-sized plots with ridges in my country; for this purpose, a new type of small white radish harvester is specially provided. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a small-sized white radish harvester, which has the characteristics of strong adaptability, high production efficiency and simple structure.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A small white radish harvester comprises a frame with a small walking wheel at the bottom and driven by a motion mechanism; the characteristics are: a soil loosening mechanism and a bunching mechanism are installed at the front end of the frame, a picking mechanism is installed in the middle of the frame, and a radish collection box is installed at the rear of the frame;

[0006] The loosening mechanism comprises a horizontal column which is installed horizontally at the front end of the frame and can move vertically, a vertical rod which is vertically fixed at both ends of the horizontal column and has a loosening wheel installed at the bottom end, and a motor which is installed on the vertical rod and drives the loosening wheel through a pulley assembly;

[0007] The rotating shaft of the loosening wheel is arranged horizontally and is installed at the bottom end of the rod through a bearing, and a driven pulley is installed on the rotating shaft.

[0008] The two pulleys and the belt are also protected by a pulley housing cover, and the front end of the pulley housing forms an inclined surface to reduce the soil resistance encountered when moving forward.

[0009] The loosening mechanism is installed on the frame through a vertical moving mechanism; the vertical moving mechanism includes a vertically installed screw rod assembly and two guide rail assemblies arranged on both sides of the screw rod assembly.

[0010] The bunching mechanism includes two forks arranged horizontally and rotatably positioned on the working frame through a vertically arranged rotating shaft, springs sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft and exerting force on the forks, and two fan wheels symmetrically arranged at the front end of the working frame and driven by belts respectively, so as to bunch the radish leaves to facilitate the subsequent process operation;

[0011] The two forks are spaced apart and arranged parallel to each other, and one end of the fork is fixedly and slidably mounted on the rotating shaft through a fork sleeve; springs for applying force to the fork sleeve are respectively mounted on the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft.

[0012] The picking mechanism includes a belt clamping assembly symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the working frame, a first motor symmetrically arranged at the rear end of the working frame and driving the belt through a driving gear, and a blade coaxially installed on the end face of the driving pulley.

[0013] The belt clamping assembly comprises two belt wheel assemblies stacked and arranged at the front and rear ends of the working frame, and the gap required for clamping the radish leaves is maintained between the belts of the two belt wheel assemblies.

[0014] The pulley assembly comprises two pulleys arranged at the front and rear ends of the working frame, a belt for transmitting power between the two pulleys, and a tensioning wheel arranged on the working frame and applying force to the belt to keep the belt clamped.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

[0016] The adjustable fork height on the bunching mechanism of the utility model can adapt to radishes of different heights and has stronger adaptability. The picking mechanism can replace manual radish pulling, and the operation is convenient and the structure is simple. At the same time, it solves the problems of high labor cost, low production efficiency and serious radish damage in the current ridge sowing fields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the soil loosening mechanism in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram (partial cross-sectional view) of the installation position of the tightening mechanism in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the picking mechanism in the embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the blade in the picking mechanism.

[0022] Numbers in the figure: 1. frame; 1-1. working frame; 2. loosening mechanism; 201. screw frame; 202. horizontal column; 203. loosening pulley; 204. driven pulley; 205. driving pulley; 206. belt; 207. screw; 208. motor; 209. slider; 210. guide rail seat; 211. vertical rod; 3. gathering mechanism; 301. spring; 302. fork; 4. picking mechanism; 401. belt; 402. fan wheel; 403. driving wheel; 404. gear; 405. tensioning wheel; 406. first motor; 5. blade; 6. battery; 7. conveyor belt; 701. second motor; 8. camera; 9. radish harvesting box; 10. walking wheel; 11. control center; 12. handle; 13. white radish; 14. radish leaves. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 The small-sized white radish harvester shown comprises a frame 1 on which a motion mechanism is installed, a loosening mechanism 2 and a bunching mechanism 3 installed at the front end of the frame, a picking mechanism 4 installed in the middle of the frame, and a radish collecting box 9 installed at the rear of the frame.

[0025] The frame includes a rectangular frame at the rear and a work frame 1-1 which is arranged at the front of the rectangular frame with a lower front and a higher rear. A plurality of wheels are installed at the bottom of the frame. A battery 6 and a control center 11 are arranged at the upper rear of the frame 1. The whole machine moves forward through a small walking wheel 10 driven by a motion mechanism. The direction of motion is controlled by an operator through a handle 12. The motion mechanism is preferably driven by a battery motor, which is the same as the existing electric vehicle structure, so it will not be described in detail.

[0026] The loosening mechanism includes a horizontal column 202 which is installed horizontally at the front end of the frame and can move vertically, a vertical rod 211 which is vertically fixed at both ends of the horizontal column 202 and has a loosening wheel 203 installed at the bottom end, and a motor 208 which is installed on the vertical rod and drives the loosening wheel through a pulley assembly (including two pulleys and a belt). The rotating shaft of the loosening wheel is arranged horizontally and installed at the bottom end of the rod through a bearing, and a driven pulley is installed on the rotating shaft; the axis of the motor is arranged horizontally and is also installed with a driving pulley 205; the driving pulley drives the driven pulley through a belt 206. The two pulleys and the belt are also protected by a pulley housing cover, and the front end of the pulley housing forms an inclined surface to reduce the soil resistance received when moving forward.

[0027] The loosening mechanism is installed on the frame through a vertical moving mechanism; the vertical moving mechanism includes a vertically installed screw assembly and two guide rail assemblies arranged on both sides of the screw assembly; wherein the screw assembly includes a screw rack 201 vertically fixed on the frame, a screw 207 rotatably positioned on the screw rack through a bearing, and a screw nut fixed on a cross column and engaged with the screw; the guide rail assembly includes a guide rail rack 210 vertically fixed on the frame, a guide rail installed on the guide rail rack, and a slider 209 fixed on the cross column and slidably matched with the guide rail.

[0028] In the bunching mechanism 3, two horizontally arranged forks 302 are respectively positioned at the front end of the working frame 101 through a rotatable rotating shaft, and two fan wheels 402 (the fan wheel and the driven wheel are coaxially fixed) driven by belts are symmetrically arranged at the front end of the working frame; the two forks are also spaced apart and arranged parallel to each other, and the fork sleeve fixed at one end of the fork can be slidably sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the top of the rotating shaft is fixed on the frame; the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft are also sleeved with springs 301, and the springs 301 apply torsion and axial thrust to the fork sleeve (the fork can also overcome the spring force and slide axially on the rotating shaft for a certain distance), so that the fork can move the radish leaves on both sides to the middle part, which is convenient for the operation of the belt clamping assembly in the subsequent process; the fork can also slide axially on the rotating shaft for a certain distance to adapt to radishes of different heights to avoid damage to the radish fruit. The fan wheel is coaxially fixed with the driven wheel, which can help straighten the radish leaves when rotating so that they can be clamped smoothly by the belt.

[0029] In the picking mechanism, the belt clamping components are arranged symmetrically along the length direction of the working frame, and the first motor 406 is arranged at the rear end of the working frame and drives the belt through the driving gear 404; Figure 4 It can be seen that the belt clamping assembly is symmetrically arranged on the two pulley assemblies on the working frame, and the gap required for clamping the radish leaves is maintained between the belts of the two pulley assemblies; the pulley assembly includes two pulleys arranged at the front and rear ends of the working frame, a belt that transmits power between the two pulleys, and a tensioning wheel arranged on the working frame and applying force to the belt to keep the clamping force. One side of the two belts is close to each other to clamp the radish leaves during operation, so that the radish is pulled out of the soil when the belt moves. The first motor is fixed to the working frame through a bracket, and the motor shaft drives a pair of gears 404. The two gears are meshed with each other and drive the driving wheel 403 respectively, and the driving wheel drives the driven wheel through the belt 401. Further, a plurality of tensioning wheels 405 are respectively installed on the side where the two belts are close to each other to ensure that the clamped belts are not loose. A plurality of tensioning wheels are installed on the working frame and support the belts in the direction of the adjacent belts, so that the two belts can be clamped at the petiole of the radish leaves to carry the radish to move. The camera 8 is arranged on the frame below the conveyor belt 7 to check the operating status of the picking mechanism in real time.

[0030] The blade 5 used for removing radish leaves is disc-shaped and is coaxially installed below the driving pulley 403; an appropriate space is reserved between the blade 5 and the driving pulley 403 to reduce the possibility of the blade 5 getting entangled in the machine when removing radish leaves.

[0031] A conveyor belt 7 tightened by two driving rollers is arranged on the frame at the rear side of the driving wheel, which is used to transport the radishes after the leaves are removed; the second motor 701 is installed on the frame and drives the driving rollers (the two driving rollers are installed on the frame through bearings); after the leaves are removed, the conveyor belt 7 separates the radish leaves and the radishes, and the radish leaves are sent back to the soil under the conveyor belt, and the radishes fall into the radish collecting box 9 below for temporary storage under the action of gravity; when the radish collecting box is full, the empty box is replaced.

[0032] The camera 8 is arranged at the middle end of the rear part of the frame and arranged below the conveyor belt 7. It can take pictures and record the number and status of radish harvests, and transmit the data to the display screen of the control center for display.

[0033] Working principle: radishes sown on ridges in small and medium-sized fields are usually arranged in a straight line along the length of the ridges; when harvesting radishes, the harvester needs to aim at the radishes and move along the length of the ridges. When working, the loosening mechanism at the front end of the harvester loosens the soil where the radishes are planted, and the whole machine moves forward driven by the walking small wheel 10; the gathering mechanism gathers the leaves on both sides of the radishes to the middle through the fork 302 (so that the radishes with leaves can then enter the gap between the belts on both sides); the fan wheel 402 at the lower end of the picking mechanism assists the belt 401 of the picking mechanism 4 to clamp and pull up the radishes in an orderly manner, and the tensioning wheel 405 ensures that the belt clamps the radish leaves. The pulled radishes are conveyed to the upper end of the working frame via the belt, and the blade 5 cuts and removes the radish leaves. The conveyor belt 7 conveys the removed radish leaves to the back of the frame and drops them back into the soil. The radishes enter the radish collection box 9 below under the action of gravity, thereby realizing automatic harvesting of radishes.

Claims

1. A small white radish harvester, comprising a frame (1) with a small walking wheel (10) at the bottom and driven by a motion mechanism; characterized in that: A soil loosening mechanism (2) and a bunching mechanism (3) are installed at the front end of the frame, a picking mechanism (4) is installed in the middle of the frame, and a radish collection box (9) is installed at the rear of the frame; The loosening mechanism comprises a horizontal column (202) which is installed horizontally at the front end of the frame and can move vertically, a vertical rod (211) which is vertically fixed at both ends of the horizontal column and has a loosening wheel (203) installed at the bottom end, and a motor (208) which is installed on the vertical rod and drives the loosening wheel through a pulley assembly; The bunching mechanism comprises two forks (302) arranged horizontally and rotatably positioned on the working frame through a vertically arranged rotating shaft, springs (301) sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft and exerting force on the forks, and two fan wheels (402) symmetrically arranged at the front end of the working frame and driven by belts respectively, so as to bunch the radish leaves to facilitate the subsequent process operation; The picking mechanism (4) comprises a belt clamping assembly symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the working frame, a first motor (406) arranged at the rear end of the working frame and driving the belt through a driving gear (404), and a blade (5) coaxially mounted on the end face of the driving pulley.

2. The small-sized white radish harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft of the loosening wheel is arranged horizontally and is installed at the bottom end of the rod through a bearing, and a driven pulley is installed on the rotating shaft.

3. The small-sized white radish harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the soil loosening mechanism, the two pulleys and the belt are protected by a pulley housing cover, and the front end of the pulley housing forms an inclined surface to reduce the soil resistance encountered when moving forward.

4. The small-sized white radish harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The loosening mechanism is installed on the frame through a vertical moving mechanism; the vertical moving mechanism includes a vertically installed screw rod assembly and two guide rail assemblies arranged on both sides of the screw rod assembly.

5. The small-sized white radish harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The screw assembly comprises a screw frame (201) vertically fixed on the frame, a screw (207) rotatably positioned on the screw frame via a bearing, and a screw nut fixed on a cross column and meshing with the screw; the guide rail assembly comprises a guide rail frame (210) vertically fixed on the frame, a guide rail mounted on the guide rail frame, and a slider (209) fixed on the cross column and slidably engaged with the guide rail.

6. The small-sized white radish harvester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two forks are spaced apart and arranged parallel to each other. One end of the fork is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft through a fork sleeve and can be slidably mounted thereon. The upper and lower ends of the rotating shaft are respectively mounted with springs (301) for applying force to the fork sleeve.

7. The small-sized white radish harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: The belt clamping assembly comprises two pulley assemblies symmetrically arranged on the working frame, and the gap required for clamping radish leaves is maintained between the belts of the two pulley assemblies; the pulley assembly comprises two pulleys arranged at the front and rear ends of the working frame, a belt (206) for transmitting power between the two pulleys, and a tensioning wheel (405) arranged on the working frame and applying force to the belt to maintain the clamping force.

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